Avant, Inc. v. Polaroid Corp., 439 U.S. 837 (1978). · Go Syfert
Avant, Inc. v. Polaroid Corp., 439 U.S. 837 (1978). Cases Citing This Book View Copy Cite
240 citation events (9 in the last 25 years) across 60 distinct courts.
Strongest positive: Anselme v. Griffin (vawd, 2020-12-17)
Treatment trajectory · 1979 → 2026 · click a year to view as-of
1979 2002 2026
Top citers, strongest first. 42 distinct citers. How cited ↗
cited Cited "see" Anselme v. Griffin
W.D. Va. · 2020 · signal: see · confidence high
See Boldine v. Holshouser, 575 F.2d 461 , 466 (4th Cir.), cert. denied, 439 U.S. 837 (1978); Mitchum v. Foster, 407 U.S. 225, 242 (1972).
discussed Cited "see" Am. Humanist Ass'n v. Perry
E.D.N.C. · 2018 · signal: see · confidence high
See Bolding v. Holshouser , 575 F.2d 461 , 466 (4th Cir.), cert. denied , 439 U.S. 837 , 99 S.Ct. 121 , 58 L.Ed.2d 133 (1978) ; Mitchum v. Foster , 407 U.S. 225 , 242, 92 S.Ct. 2151 , 32 L.Ed.2d 705 (1972).
discussed Cited "see" Waters v. Bass
E.D. Va. · 2004 · signal: see · confidence high
See Bolding v. Holshouser, 575 F.2d 461, 465 (4th Cir.), cert. denied, 439 U.S. 837 , 99 S.Ct. 121 , 58 L.Ed.2d 133 , (1978) (holding that failure to provide adequate sanitary food service facilities establishes a cognizable claim). 3 .
discussed Cited "see" Bohannon v. Durham County Hospital Corp.
M.D.N.C. · 1998 · signal: see · confidence high
Rule 12(b)(6) must be read consistently with the liberal pleading standards set forth in Rule 8, which requires only “a short and plain statement of the claim showing that the pleader is entitled to relief.” Fed.R.Civ.P. 8(a)(2); see Bolding v. Holshouser, 575 F.2d 461, 464 (4th Cir.1978), cert. denied, 439 U.S. 837 , 99 S.Ct. 121 , 58 L.Ed.2d 133 (1978).
discussed Cited "see" Prudencio v. Runyon
W.D. Va. · 1998 · signal: accord · confidence high
Retroactive seniority may not be denied merely because of the “abstract basis of adverse impact upon interests of other employees.” Franks, supra, 424 U.S. at 779 , 96 S.Ct. 1251 ; accord, Alaniz v. California Processors, Inc., 73 F.R.D. 289 (N.D.Cal.1976), aff'd 572 F.2d 657 (9th Cir.), cert. denied 439 U.S. 837 , 99 S.Ct. 123 , 58 L.Ed.2d 134 (1978).
cited Cited "see" Washington Trust Co. v. Smith
Conn. · 1997 · signal: see · confidence high
See Alaniz v. Tillie Lewis Foods, 572 F.2d 657, 659 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 439 U.S. 837 , 99 S. Ct. 123 , 58 L.
cited Cited "see" Washington Trust Co. v. Smith
Conn. App. Ct. · 1996 · signal: see · confidence high
See Alaniz v. Tillie Lewis Foods, 572 F.2d 657, 659 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 439 U.S. 837 , 99 S. Ct. 123 , 58 L.
discussed Cited "see" Islam v. Jackson (2×)
E.D. Va. · 1992 · signal: see · confidence high
Deprivations Not Sufficiently Serious The Fourth Circuit recognizes the well-established principle that “inmates must be provided nutritionally adequate food, ‘prepared and served under conditions which do not present an immediate danger to the health and well being of the inmates who consume it.’ ” Shrader v. White, 761 F.2d 975, 986 (4th Cir.1985) (citations omitted); see Bolding v. Holshouser, 575 F.2d 461, 465 (4th Cir.) (prisoner’s allegation of. failure to provide adequate sanitary food service facilities states a cognizable claim), cert. denied, 439 U.S. 837 , 99 S.Ct. 121 , 5…
cited Cited "see" Bernardi v. Yeutter
9th Cir. · 1991 · signal: see · confidence high
See id. 10 The male class' reliance on Martin v. Wilks, 490 U.S. 755 (1989), is misplaced.
discussed Cited "see" United States v. State Of Oregon
9th Cir. · 1990 · signal: see · confidence high
See Alaniz v. Tillie Lewis Foods, 572 F.2d 657, 659 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 439 U.S. 837 , 99 S.Ct. 123 , 58 L.Ed.2d 134 (1978). 69 The Makah also argue that they were the victims of intentional deception.
cited Cited "see" United States v. Oregon
9th Cir. · 1990 · signal: see · confidence high
See Alaniz v. Tillie Lewis Foods, 572 F.2d 657, 659 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 439 U.S. 837 , 99 S.Ct. 123 , 58 L.Ed.2d 134 (1978).
discussed Cited "see" Wayne Dillard Carver v. Knox County, Tennessee, Joe Fowler, Sheriff, Defendants/cross-Plaintiffs v. Ned Ray McWherter Defendants/cross-Defendants/appellants
6th Cir. · 1989 · signal: see · confidence high
See Bolding v. Holshouser, 575 F.2d 461, 466-67 (4th Cir.) (after noting that a prisoner's action against state officials residing in different districts within the state may be brought in any of the districts, the court added that upon a proper showing the district court might conclude to transfer such a case to a different district from the one in which it was filed), cert. denied, 439 U.S. 837 , 99 S.Ct. 121 , 58 L.Ed.2d 133 (1978). 22 We disagree also with the assertion that the class action plaintiffs in the present case are not members of the Grubbs class.
discussed Cited "see" Carver v. Knox County
6th Cir. · 1989 · signal: see · confidence high
See Bolding v. Holshouser, 575 F.2d 461, 466-67 (4th Cir.) (after noting that a prisoner’s action against state officials residing in different districts within the state may be brought in any of the districts, the court added that upon a proper showing the district court might conclude to transfer such a case to a different district from the one in which it was filed), cert. denied, 439 U.S. 837 , 99 S.Ct. 121 , 58 L.Ed.2d 133 (1978).
discussed Cited "see" Stephen Ward v. James Martin, Gov. Aaron Johnson John Patseavouras E.R. Sutton
4th Cir. · 1987 · signal: see · confidence high
See Bolding v. Holshouser, 575 F.2d 461 (4th Cir.) cert. denied, 439 U.S. 837 (1978); Kirby v. Blackledge, 530 F.2d 583 (4th Cir.1976); Sweet v. South Carolina Dep't of Corrections, 529 F.2d 854, 865-66 (4th Cir.1975).
cited Cited "see" Vaughner v. Pulito
5th Cir. · 1986 · signal: see · confidence high
See Save Our Cemeteries, Inc. v. Archdiocese of New Orleans, Inc., 568 F.2d 1074, 1078 (5th Cir.), cert. denied, 439 U.S. 836 , 99 S.Ct. 120 , 58 L.Ed.2d 133 (1978).
cited Cited "see" Charles Vaughner, Cross-Appellants v. F.J. Pulito, Cross-Appellee v. General Accident Insurance Company of America, the Camden Fire Insurance Association, Potomac Insurance Company of Illinois and Pennsylvania General Insurance Company, Third-Party
3rd Cir. · 1986 · signal: see · confidence high
See Save Our Cemeteries, Inc. v. Archdiocese of New Orleans, Inc., 568 F.2d 1074, 1078 (5th Cir.), cert. denied, 439 U.S. 836 , 99 S.Ct. 120 , 58 L.Ed.2d 133 (1978).
discussed Cited "see" In Re Robert Stephen Adams, Debtor. Betty Hilda Ida Koepke Moraes v. Robert Stephen Adams, Robert Stephen Adams
9th Cir. · 1985 · signal: see · confidence high
See May Department Stores Co. v. Smith, 572 F.2d 1275, 1278 (8th Cir.) (per curiam) cert. denied, 439 U.S. 837 , 99 S.Ct. 122 , 58 L.Ed.2d 134 (1978) (subsequent amendment and its legislative history, though not controlling, is nonetheless entitled to substantial weight in construing the earlier law).
cited Cited "see" Carr v. the Times Picayune Publishing Corp.
E.D. La. · 1985 · signal: see · confidence high
See Save Our Cemeteries, Inc. v. Archdio *98 cese of New Orleans, Inc., 568 F.2d 1074, 1077 (5th Cir.), cert. denied, 439 U.S. 836 , 99 S.Ct. 120 , 58 L.Ed.2d 133 (1978).
discussed Cited "see" Charles J. Arndt, Inc., a Corporation v. City of Birmingham, a Municipal Corporation
11th Cir. · 1984 · signal: accord · confidence high
Accord Save Our Cemeteries, Inc. v. Archdiocese of New Orleans, Inc., 568 F.2d 1074, 1077 (5th Cir.), cert. denied, 439 U.S. 836 , 99 S.Ct. 120 , 58 L.Ed.2d 133 (1978); Village Harbor, Inc. v. United States, 559 F.2d 247, 249 (5th Cir.1977).
cited Cited "see" Lillie Russell v. Dr. Robert Harrison, President of the Board of Trustees of Institutions of Higher Learning
5th Cir. · 1984 · signal: see · confidence high
See Save Our Cemeteries, Inc. v. Archdiocese of New Orleans, 568 F.2d 1074, 1077 (5th Cir.), cert. denied, 439 U.S. 836 , 99 S.Ct. 120 , 58 L.Ed.2d 133 (1978). 12 .
cited Cited "see" Aleut Corporation, and Arctic Slope Regional Corporation v. Tyonek Native Corporation, Applicants for Intervention-Appellants, Aleut Corporation, and Arctic Slope Regional Corporation v. Ukpeagvik Inupiat Corporation, Applicant for Intervention-Appellant
9th Cir. · 1984 · signal: see · confidence high
See Alaniz v. Tillie Lewis Foods, 572 F.2d 657 (9th Cir.) (per curiam), cert. denied, 439 U.S. 837 , 99 S.Ct. 123 , 58 L.Ed.2d 134 (1978).
cited Cited "see" Aleut Corp. v. Tyonek Native Corp.
9th Cir. · 1984 · signal: see · confidence high
See Alaniz v. Tillie Lewis Foods, 572 F.2d 657 (9th Cir.) (per curiam), cert. denied, 439 U.S. 837 , 99 S.Ct. 123 , 58 L.Ed.2d 134 (1978).
cited Cited "see" Sandra Garrity v. Hugh J. Gallen, Appeal of Salem School District
1st Cir. · 1983 · signal: see · confidence high
See Alaniz v. Tillie Lewis Foods, 572 F.2d 657, 659 (9th Cir.) (per curiam), cert. denied, 439 U.S. 837 , 99 S.Ct. 123 , 58 L.Ed.2d 134 (1978).
discussed Cited "see" Providence and Worcester Railroad Company v. United States of America and Interstate Commerce Commission, Penn Central Corporation, Intervenors
1st Cir. · 1982 · signal: see · confidence high
See Bangor & Aroostook Railroad v. ICC (“BAR”), 574 F.2d 1096 , 1103-04 (1st Cir.), cert. denied, 439 U.S. 837 , 99 S.Ct. 121 , 58 L.Ed.2d 133 (1978); Southern Pacific Railway v. United States, 277 F.Supp. 671, 685 (D.Neb.1967) (three-judge court), aff’d mem., 390 U.S. 744 , 88 S.Ct. 1442 , 20 L.Ed.2d 275 (1968).
discussed Cited "see" Colortronic Reinhard & Co., K.G. v. Plastic Controls, Inc., Colortronic Reinhard & Co., K.G. v. Plastic Controls, Inc. (2×)
1st Cir. · 1981 · signal: see · confidence high
See Avant, Inc. v. Polaroid Corp., 572 F.2d 889, 890 (1st Cir.), cert. denied, 439 U.S. 837 , 99 S.Ct. 120 , 58 L.Ed.2d 132 (1978) (stating that patent, “[w]hile not precisely replicated in a single prior patent, and hence not in violation of 33 U.S.C. § 102 , ... was clearly foreshadowed by the prior art ...” and hence was invalid for obviousness.).
cited Cited "see" Bennett v. Reed
E.D.N.C. · 1981 · signal: see · confidence high
See Bolding v. Holshouser, 575 *88 F.2d 461 (4th Cir.), cert. denied, 439 U.S. 837 , 99 S.Ct. 121 , 58 L.Ed.2d 133 (1978); Mitchum v. Foster, 407 U.S. 225 , 92 S.Ct. 2151 , 32 L.Ed.2d 705 (1972).
discussed Cited "see" Sewerage Commission of the City of Milwaukee v. State Department of Natural Resources (2×)
Wis. Ct. App. · 1981 · signal: accord · confidence high
Accord, Alaniz v. Tillie Lewis Foods, 572 F.2d 657, 659 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 439 U.S. 837 (1978); Commonwealth of Pa. v. Rizzo, 530 F.2d 501 , 506 (3d Cir.), cert. denied, 426 U.S. 921 (1976).
discussed Cited "see" Massey Ex Rel. Utah State Department of Social Services v. Haupt (2×)
Utah · 1981 · signal: see · confidence high
In Gilbert the court explained: "The rule is not self-executing and if one would take advantage of its provisions all the facts necessary to invoke the consequences must be made in some way to appear." Id. at 1003 ; see 8 Wright and Miller, Federal Practice and Procedure, Sec. 2264, p. 739 (1970). [2] Avant Incorporated v. Polaroid Corporation, 441 F. Supp. 898 (D.Mass. 1977), affirmed, 572 F.2d 889 (1st Cir.1978) cert. denied, 439 U.S. 837 , 99 S.Ct. 120 , 58 L.Ed. 132 (1978).
discussed Cited "see" Carter-Wallace, Inc. v. Gillette Co. (2×)
D. Mass. · 1981 · signal: see · confidence high
See Avant, Inc. v. Polaroid Corp., 572 F.2d 889, 891 (1st Cir.), cert. denied, 439 U.S. 837 , 99 S.Ct. 120 , 58 L.Ed.2d 132 (1978) (evidence of commercial success must be linked to the features of the invention to be considered).
cited Cited "see" Hassan A. Muhammad, A/K/A Irving L. Madden v. Charles J. Rowe
7th Cir. · 1981 · signal: see · confidence high
See Bolding v. Holshouser, 575 F.2d 461, 465 (4th Cir.), cert. denied, 439 U.S. 837 , 99 S.Ct. 121 , 58 L.Ed.2d 133 (1978).
discussed Cited "see" Vacca v. Meetze
S.D. Ga. · 1980 · signal: see · confidence high
See Save Our Cemeteries, Inc. v. Archdiocese of New Orleans, Inc., 568 F.2d 1074 (5th Cir.), cert. denied, 439 U.S. 836 , 99 S.Ct. 120 , 58 L.Ed.2d 133 (1978); Butler v. Pollard, 482 F.Supp. 847 (E.D.Okla.1979).
discussed Cited "see, e.g." Preval v. Reno
E.D. Va. · 1999 · signal: compare · confidence low
Compare Bolding v. Holshouser, 575 F.2d 461 (4th Cir.), cert. denied, 439 U.S. 837 , 99 S.Ct. 121 , 58 L.Ed.2d 133 (1978) (holding that broad pro se pleading with potentially cognizable claim should not be dismissed immediately). 5 .
discussed Cited "see, e.g." Sarrassat v. Sullivan
9th Cir. · 1992 · signal: see also · confidence low
See Air California, 799 F.2d at 538-39 (denying both permissive intervention and intervention of right); see also Alaniz v. Tillie Lewis Foods, 572 F.2d 657, 658-59 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 439 U.S. 837 (1978); Aleut Corp. v. Tyonek Native Corp., 725 F.2d 527, 530 (9th Cir.1984). 16 AHCA argues that its motion was timely under Natural Resources Defense Council v. Costle, 561 F.2d 904, 907-08 (D.C.Cir.1977).
discussed Cited "see, e.g." East Columbia Basin Irrigation District v. Federal Energy Regulatory Commission
D.C. Cir. · 1991 · signal: see also · confidence low
See also May Dep't Stores Co. v. Smith, 572 F.2d 1275 , 1277-1278 (8th Cir.), cert. denied, 439 U.S. 837 , 99 S.Ct. 122 , 58 L.Ed.2d 134 (1978); Russ v. Wilkins, 624 F.2d 914, 924-925 (9th Cir.1980), cert. denied, 451 U.S. 908 , 101 S.Ct.1976, 68 L.Ed.2d 296 (1981) 75 S.Rep.
discussed Cited "see, e.g." East Columbia Basin Irrigation District v. Federal Energy Regulatory Commission
D.C. Cir. · 1991 · signal: see also · confidence low
See also May Dep’t Stores Co. v. Smith, 572 F.2d 1275 , 1277-1278 (8th Cir.), cert. denied, 439 U.S. 837 , 99 S.Ct. 122 , 58 L.Ed.2d 134 (1978); Russ v. Wilkins, 624 F.2d 914, 924-925 (9th Cir.1980), ce rt. denied, 451 U.S. 908 , 101 S.Ct. 1976 , 68 L.Ed.2d 296 (1981). .
cited Cited "see, e.g." Sanguine, Ltd. v. United States Department of the Interior
10th Cir. · 1984 · signal: see, e.g. · confidence low
See, e.g., Alaniz v. Tillie Lewis Foods, 572 F.2d 657, 659 (9th Cir.) (per curiam), cert. denied, 439 U.S. 837 , 99 S.Ct. 123 , 58 L.Ed.2d 134 (1978).
cited Cited "see, e.g." Sanguine, Ltd. v. United States Department Of The Interior
10th Cir. · 1984 · signal: see, e.g. · confidence low
See, e.g., Alaniz v. Tillie Lewis Foods, 572 F.2d 657, 659 (9th Cir.) (per curiam), cert. denied, 439 U.S. 837 , 99 S.Ct. 123 , 58 L.Ed.2d 134 (1978).
discussed Cited "see, e.g." Board of Overseers of the Bar v. Ingeneri (2×)
Me. · 1982 · signal: see, e.g. · confidence low
See, e.g., Avant Incorporated v. Polaroid Corp., 441 F.Supp. 898, 900 (D.Mass.1977) (admissions made in response to F.R.Civ.P. 36 requests for admissions), aff’d, 572 F.2d 889 (1st Cir.), cert. denied, 439 U.S. 837 , 99 S.Ct. 120 , 58 L.Ed.2d 132 (1978); Montgomery Ward & Co., Inc. v. Fotopoulos, 32 F.R.D. 333, 334 (D.Minn.1963) (admissions made in response to interrogatories); F.R.
discussed Cited "see, e.g." Vinal v. Contributory Retirement Appeal Board
Mass. App. Ct. · 1982 · signal: compare · confidence low
Compare and contrast Bangor & Aroostook R.R. v. ICC, 574 F.2d 1096 , 1110 (1st Cir.), cert. denied, 439 U.S. 837 (1978) (findings not based on credibility entitled to “little deference”), with Adolph Coors Co. v. FTC, 497 F.2d 1178, 1184 (10th Cir. 1974), cert. denied, 419 U.S. 1105 (1975) (ALJ’s findings should be considered on review and “given such weight as they merit within reason and the light of *100 judicial experience”), and International Bhd. of Teamsters v. NLRB, 587 F.2d 1176 , 1180 (D.C.
discussed Cited "see, e.g." Dawson v. Kendrick
S.D.W. Va · 1981 · signal: see also · confidence low
When a prison regulation or practice offends a fundamental constitutional guarantee, federal courts will discharge their duty to protect constitutional rights. 416 U.S. at 405-06 , 94 S.Ct. at 1807-08 ; see also Bolding v. Holshouser, 575 F.2d 461, 466 (4th Cir. 1978), cert. denied, 439 U.S. 837 , 99 S.Ct. 121 , 58 L.Ed.2d 133 (1978).
discussed Cited "see, e.g." De Sanchez v. Banco Central De Nicaragua
E.D. La. · 1981 · signal: see, e.g. · confidence low
See, e. g., Save Our Cemeteries, Inc. v. Archdiocese of New Orleans, 568 F.2d 1074, 1076 (5th Cir.) cert. denied, 439 U.S. 836 , 99 S.Ct. 120 , 58 L.Ed.2d 133 (1978); Rosemound Sand and Gravel Co. v. Lambert Sand and Gravel Co., 469 F.2d 416, 418 (5th Cir. 1972). *904 Second, as both the language of the statute and its legislative history make clear, in determining the existence of immunity the purpose of the challenged conduct is irrelevant; only the nature of the activity giving rise to the claim must be considered.
discussed Cited "see, e.g." Bunnell v. New England Teamsters & Trucking Industry Pension Fund
D. Mass. · 1980 · signal: see also · confidence low
See also, Cohn v. Union Pacific Railroad Co., 427 F.Supp. 717 (D.Neb.1977), aff’d, 572 F.2d 650 (8th Cir.), cert. denied, 439 U.S. 836 , 99 S.Ct. 120 , 58 L.Ed.2d 132 (1978); Schaller v. Board of Education of Elmwood Local School District, 449 F.Supp. 30 (N.D.Ohio 1978).
Retrieving the full opinion text from the archive…
Avant, Inc.
v.
Polaroid Corp.
No. 77-1837.
Supreme Court of the United States.
Oct 2, 1978.
439 U.S. 837
Published

C. A. 1st Cir. Certiorari denied.