green
Positive treatment
Circuit Split
Quoted verbatim 2×
6.5 score
G Cite
cited 3× by 1 distinct case ·
“[T]he enterprise must be more than an informal group created to perpetuate the acts of racketeering.”
Treatment trajectory · 1983 → 2026 · click a year to view as-of
1983
2004
2026
Top citers, strongest first. 27 distinct citers.
cited
Cited "but see"
Andreo v. Friedlander, Gaines, Cohen, Rosenthal & Rosenberg
But see United States v. Bledsoe, 674 F.2d 647, 661 (8th Cir.) (expressing "grave doubts" about the rule), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1040 , 103 S.Ct. 456 , 74 L.Ed.2d 608 (1982).
discussed
Cited "but see"
Estee Lauder, Inc. v. Harco Graphics, Inc.
See also United States v. Bright, 630 F.2d 804 , 830 (5th Cir.1980); United States v. Forsythe, 560 F.2d 1127, 1135-36 (3rd Cir. 1977); but see United States v. Bledsoe, 674 F.2d 647, 661 (8th Cir.1982), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1040 , 103 S.Ct. 456 , 74 L.Ed.2d 608 (1983).
discussed
Cited as authority (quoted)
State v. Poston
additionally, it is a well settled rule in this circuit that the propriety of joinder must appear on the face of the indictment.
discussed
Cited as authority (quoted)
Falmouth National Bank v. Equifax Services, Inc.
he enterprise must be more than an informal group created to perpetuate the acts of racketeering.
discussed
Cited "see"
State v. Cheek
(2×)
See United States v. Bledsoe, 674 F.2d 647 , 663 n. 9 (8th Cir.), cert. den. 459 U.S. 1040 , 103 S.Ct. 456 , 74 L.Ed.2d 608 (1982).
discussed
Cited "see"
United States v. Moshe Fox
See United States v. Astorga-Torres, 682 F.2d 1331, 1335 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1040 (1982) (warrantless entry justified where officers believed appellants were in possession of drugs--a substance particularly susceptible to destruction); see also United States v. Cisneros, 448 F.2d 298, 304 (9th Cir.1971).
cited
Cited "see"
Marriott Bros. v. Gage
See United States v. Bledsoe, 674 F.2d 647, 665 (8th Cir.), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1040 , 103 S.Ct. 456 , 74 L.Ed.2d 608 (1982).
discussed
Cited "see"
ca8 1987
See generally United States v. Riccobene, 709 F.2d 214, 221-23 (3d Cir.), cert. denied, 464 U.S. 849 , 104 S.Ct. 157 , 78 L.Ed.2d 145 (1983). 34 Following Turkette, this Court in United States v. Bledsoe, 674 F.2d 647, 664-65 (8th Cir.), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1040 , 103 S.Ct. 456 , 74 L.Ed.2d 608 (1982), identified three characteristics that distinguish a RICO enterprise: First, there must be a common or shared purpose that animates the individuals associated with it.
cited
Cited "see"
John Montesano v. Seafirst Commercial Corp.
See United States v. Bledsoe, 674 F.2d 647, 664-65 (8th Cir.), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1040 , 103 S.Ct. 456 , 74 L.Ed.2d 608 (1982).
cited
Cited "see"
NL Industries, Inc. v. Gulf & Western Industries, Inc.
See United States v. Bledsoe, 674 F.2d 647, 665 (8th Cir.), cert. denied 459 U.S. 1040 , 103 S.Ct. 456 , 74 L.Ed.2d 608 (1982).
cited
Cited "see"
United States v. Fitapelli
See, U.S. v. Hayes, 676 F.2d 1359 (11th Cir.1982) cert. denied 459 U.S. 1040 , 103 S.Ct. 455 , 74 L.Ed.2d 608 (1982) (insufficiency of the evidence generally the only reason to bar retrial). .
discussed
Cited "see"
United States v. Fitapelli
See, U.S. v. Hayes, 676 F.2d 1359 (11th Cir.1982) cert. denied 459 U.S. 1040 , 103 S.Ct. 455 , 74 L.Ed.2d 608 (1982) (insufficiency of the evidence generally the only reason to bar retrial) 3 Agostino is the only defendant who contends that there was insufficient proof of his involvement in the conspiracy.
discussed
Cited "see"
United States v. Ben M. Hogan Co., Inc.
(2×)
See United States v. Bledsoe, 674 F.2d 647, 670 (8th Cir.), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1040 , 103 S.Ct. 456 , 74 L.Ed.2d 608 (1982).
cited
Cited "see"
United States v. Castellano
See United States v. Bledsoe, 674 F.2d 647 (8th Cir.), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1040 , 103 S.Ct. 456 , 74 L.Ed.2d 608 (1982).
cited
Cited "see"
United States v. Lewis Palzer
See United States v. Hayes, 676 F.2d 1359 (11th Cir.1982), cert, denied, 459 U.S. 1040 , 103 S.Ct. 455 , 74 L.Ed.2d 608 (1983).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
United States v. Richard Foley, Jr.
(2×)
In a criminal case, a "failure of the indictment to charge an offense may be treated as [a] jurisdictional" defect, United States v. Doyle, 348 F.2d 715, 718 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 382 U.S. 843 , 86 S.Ct. 89 , 15 L.Ed.2d 84 (1965); see also United States v. Meacham, 626 F.2d 503, 509-10 (5th Cir.1980) (objection that indictment failed to charge an offense is not waived by a guilty plea), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1040 , 103 S.Ct. 455 , 74 L.Ed.2d 608 (1982), and an appellate court must notice such a flaw even if the issue was raised neither in the district court nor on appeal.
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Ewish v. State
(2×)
See, e.g., United States v. Hayes, 676 F.2d 1359, 1367 (11th Cir.), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1040 , 103 S.Ct. 455 , 74 L.Ed.2d 608 (1982); Hedlund v. Sheldon, 173 Ariz. 143, 146 , 840 P.2d 1008, 1011 (1992); State v. Beam, 109 Idaho 616, 623-24 , 710 P.2d 526, 533-34 (1985), cert. denied, 476 U.S. 1153 , 106 S.Ct. 2260 , 90 L.Ed.2d 704 (1986).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
ca9 1991
Compare United States v. Bledsoe, 674 F.2d 647, 665 (8th Cir.), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1040 , 103 S.Ct. 456 , 74 L.Ed.2d 608 (1982), with United States v. Bagaric, 706 F.2d 42, 55 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 464 U.S. 840 , 104 S.Ct. 133 , 78 L.Ed.2d 128 (1983); see United States v. Feldman, 853 F.2d 648, 659-60 (9th Cir.1988), cert. denied, 489 U.S. 1030 , 109 S.Ct. 1164 , 103 L.Ed.2d 222 (1989).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
State v. Hunt
(2×)
See, e.g., United States v. Hayes, 676 F.2d 1359, 1366-67 (11th Cir.), cert. den., 459 U.S. 1040 , 103 S.Ct. 455 , 74 L.Ed.2d 608 (1982); United States v. Rimar, 558 F.2d 1271 (6th Cir.1977), cert. den., 435 U.S. 922 , 98 S.Ct. 1484 , 55 L.Ed.2d 515 (1978); United States v. Rowan, 518 F.2d 685, 689-90 (6th Cir.), cert. den. sub nom.
cited
Cited "see, e.g."
ca8 1986
See, e.g., United States v. Bledsoe, 674 F.2d 647, 657-58 (8th Cir.), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1040 , 103 S.Ct. 456 , 74 L.Ed.2d 608 (1982).
cited
Cited "see, e.g."
United States v. Lueth
See, e.g., United States v. Bledsoe, 674 F.2d 647, 657-58 (8th Cir.), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1040 , 103 S.Ct. 456 , 74 L.Ed.2d 608 (1982).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
State v. Terrovona
After modification, further reconsideration denied May 13, 1986. 1 See ER 801; ER 802; see also In re Penelope B., 104 Wn.2d 643, 651 , 709 P.2d 1185 (1985). 2 Comment, ER 803(a)(3), 91 Wn.2d at 1165. 3 United States v. Pheaster, 544 F.2d 353, 376 (9th Cir. 1976), cert. denied, 429 U.S. 1099 (1977); State v. Parr, 93 Wn.2d 95, 98-99 , 606 P.2d 263 (1980). 4 Pheaster, at 376; United States v. Stanchich, 550 F.2d 1294 , 1297 n.1 (2d Cir. 1977). 5 Clark v. United States, 412 A.2d 21, 29 (D.C. 1980); see also United States v. Astorga-Torres, 682 F.2d 1331, 1335-36 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 459 U.S…
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
LIPIN ENTERPRISES, INCORPORATED v. Lee
Compare U.S. v. Lemm, 680 F.2d 1193, 1198 (8th Cir.1982) (three-prong test including continuity), ce rt. denied, 459 U.S. 1110 , 103 S.Ct. 739 , 74 L.Ed.2d 960 (1983) and U.S. v. Bledsoe, 674 F.2d 647 , 663-65 (8th Cir.1982) (same), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1040 , 103 S.Ct. 456 , 74 L.Ed.2d 608 (1983) with U.S. v. Ferguson, 758 F.2d 843 , 853 (2d Cir.1985) ("continuing strategy and planning sessions"); U.S. v. Zielie, 734 F.2d 1447, 1463 (11th Cir.1984) ("ongoing organization ... with continuity of membership and purpose”), cert. denied, - U.S. -, 105 S.Ct. 957 , 83 L.Ed.2d 964 (1985); U.S. v.…
cited
Cited "see, e.g."
State v. Sutton
See, e.g., United States v. Hayes, 676 F.2d 1359, 1365 (11th Cir.), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1040 , 103 S. Ct. 455 , 74 L.
cited
Cited "see, e.g."
Morley v. Cohen
Id; see also United States v. Bledsoe, 674 F.2d 647 , 665 (8th Cir.), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1040 , 103 S.Ct. 456 , 74 L.Ed.2d 608 (1982).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
State v. Sisneros
See also United States v. Hayes, 676 F.2d 1359 (11th Cir.) (new evidence at second trial, not admitted at first, may shed important new light on defendant’s conduct and justify increased sentence), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1040 , 103 S.Ct. 455 , 74 L.Ed.2d 608 (1982) and Justice Black’s separate opinion in Pearce, 395 U.S. at 742-43 , 89 S.Ct. 2072, 2084-85 , 23 L.Ed. 656 (both factors recognized as legitimate reasons for an increased sentence after trial or remand from revenue bond on guilty plea).
cited
Cited "see, e.g."
United States of America, Cross-Appellant v. Frank Romano and Thomas Romano, Cross-Appellees. In Re United States of America
See e.g., United States v. Bledsoe, 674 F.2d 647, 663 (8th Cir.1982), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1040 , 103 S.Ct. 456 , 74 L.Ed.2d 608 (1983), and cases cited therein.
Mellies
v.
United States
v.
United States
No. 82-683.
Supreme Court of the United States.
Nov 29, 1982.
Published
Citer courts: D. Massachusetts (1) · Court of Appeals of Oregon (1)
C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.