California Codes

Cal. Penal Code § 211 (2026)

✓ current as of May 2026
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Robbery is the felonious taking of personal property in the possession of another, from his person or immediate presence, and against his will, accomplished by means of force or fear.

Notes of Decisions
Cited in 2,984 cases (619 in the last 5 years), 1881–2026 · leading case: United States v. Becerril-Lopez, 541 F.3d 881 (9th Cir. 2008).
United States v. Becerril-Lopez, 541 F.3d 881 (9th Cir. 2008). · cites it 12× “Among other claims, he argues that his prior conviction under California Penal Code § 211 does not qualify as a “crime of violence” under the sentence enhancement provision for illegal re-entry crimes.”
People v. Anderson, 252 P.3d 968 (Cal. 2011). · cites it 6× “Robbery (1) Robbery is defined as "the felonious taking of personal property in the possession of another, from his person or immediate presence, and against his will, accomplished by means of force or fear.”
People v. Thang Van Nguyen, 93 Cal. Daily Op. Serv. 1065 (Cal. Ct. App. 1993). · cites it 16× “C-79211 Base Term Term Imposed Count 30 (Pen. Code, §§211, 12022.5) 11 yrs. (6+5) Subordinate Terms Count 2 (Pen.”
United States v. Deljuan Bankston, 901 F.3d 1100 (9th Cir. 2018). · cites it 7× “The panel held that under Sentencing Guidelines Amendment 798 (effective August 1, 2016), robbery under California Penal Code § 211 is not a “crime of violence” because it is no longer a categorical match to a combination of Guidelines-described robbery and extortion, and the…”
United States v. Garcia-Caraveo, 586 F.3d 1230 (10th Cir. 2009). · cites it 9× “” Cal.Penal Code § 211. The California courts have explained that the use of force or fear during either the perpetration of the theft, or while attempting to get away, converts a theft into a robbery.”
The People v. Williams, 305 P.3d 1241 (Cal. 2013). · cites it 4× “” (Pen. Code, § 211, italics added; all further statutory references are to the Penal Code.”
People v. Merritt, 392 P.3d 421 (Cal. 2017). · cites it 2× “(Pen. Code, §§ 211, 12022.53, subd. (b).) The trial court did not give the jury the standard instruction on the elements of robbery.”
People v. Wende, 600 P.2d 1071 (Cal. 1979). · cites it 2× “A court found defendant guilty of two counts of robbery in which a firearm was used (Pen. Code, §§ 211, 12022.5) and sentenced him to prison for five years.”
People v. Harris, 886 P.2d 1193 (Cal. 1994). · cites it 6× “) He was sentenced to state prison for 25 years to life for first degree murder, with an aggregate determinate sentence of 28 years 8 months for the remaining offenses.”
United States v. Castillo, 811 F.3d 342 (10th Cir. 2015). · cites it 8× “Castillo was convicted in California state court for second-degree robbery, a violation of California Penal Code section 211. He was removed from the United States in 2007.”
United States v. Brandon Montiel-Cortes, 849 F.3d 221 (5th Cir. 2017). · cites it 7× “2008), this court held that a California robbery statute, Cal. Penal Code § 211 , fell within the generic definition of robbery where it defined robbery as “the felonious taking of personal property in the possession of another, from his person or immediate presence, and against…”
People v. Cunningham, 25 P.3d 519 (Cal. 2001). · cites it 2× “(a)) and robbery (Pen. Code, §211) of Carmen Enrique Treto, and made a special finding that defendant intended to kill the victim.”
— Cal. Penal Code § 211(a) — 1 case
In Re M.R. ca1/2 (Cal. Ct. App. 2022).
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