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At page 286 Analyzing good faith efforts under anti-discrimination rules31 citing casesconsidering management’s failure to respond effectively to complaints as evidence of lack of good faith
- R Constr. Co. v. Lavorgus Canady, No. 04-25-00053-CV (May 27, 2026).publishedWantou, 23 F.4th at 440 (“When ‘Wal-Mart failed to - 39 - 04-25-00053-CV respond effectively to [discrimination complaints],’ the Fifth Circuit has found sufficient evidence to sustain an award of punitive damages.” (quoting Deffenbaugh-Wi…
- Equal Emp. Opportunity Comm'n v. SkyWest Airlines Inc, No. 3:22-cv-01807 (N.D. Tex. Mar. 4, 2025).(same where defendant’s “only evidence . . . was that it [] encourages employees to contact higher management with grievances” and defendant “presented no evidence either of its response to [plaintiff’s] complaint, or of…)
- Harris v. FedEx Corp. Servs., 92 F.4th 286 (5th Cir. 2024).publishedSee, e.g., Wantou, 23 F.4th at 440; Rhines v. Salinas Const. Techs., Ltd., 574 F. App’x 362, 368 (5th Cir. 2014); Deffenbaugh- Williams v. Wal-Mart Stores, Inc., 188 F.3d 278, 286 (5th Cir. 1999).
- Wantou v. Wal-Mart Stores Texas, 23 F.4th 422 (5th Cir. 2022).publishedDeffen- baugh-Williams v. Wal-Mart Stores, Inc., 188 F.3d 278, 286 (5th Cir. 1999).
- Equal Emp. Opportunity Comm'n v. Wal-Mart Stores, Inc., No. 3:17-cv-00739 (W.D. Wis. Nov. 25, 2020).First Capital Corp., 251 F.3d 376, 385 (2d Cir. 2001); Romano v. U-Haul Inf'l, 233 F.3d 655, 670 (1st Cir. 2000); Passantino v. Johnson & Johnson Consumer Prod., Inc., 212 F.3d 493 , 516 (9th Cir. 2000); Deffenbaugh-Williams v. Wal-Mart St…
- U.S. Equal Emp. Opportunity Comm'n v. Bob Evans Farms, LLC, 275 F. Supp. 3d 635 (W.D. Pa. 2017).published First Capital Corp., 251 F.3d 376, 385 (2d Cir. 2001); Romano v. U-Haul, Int'l, 233 F.3d 655, 670 (1st Cir. 2000); Passantino v. Johnson & Johnson Consumer Prods., Inc., 212 F.3d 493 , 516 (9th Cir. 2000); Deffenbaugh-Williams v. Wal-Mart…
- Jackson v. Texas S. Univ., 31 F. Supp. 3d 884 (S.D. Tex. 2014).published([I]f the conduct is the kind the employee is employed to perform, occurs substantially within the authorized time and space limits, and is actuated, at least in part, by a purpose to serve the employer[,] such action i…)
- Jackson v. Texas S. Univ., 997 F. Supp. 2d 613 (S.D. Tex. 2014).published Sept. 6, 2013), citing Deffenbaugh-Williams, 188 F.3d at 286 (“[I]f the conduct is the kind the employee is employed to perform, occurs substantially within the authorized time and space limits, and is actuated, at least in part, by a purp…
- Fischer v. United Parcel Serv., Inc., 390 F. App'x 465 (6th Cir. 2010).unpublishedOn the present record, we cannot conclude that UPS presented evidence of its good faith compliance with Title VII “so overwhelming that reasonable jurors could not conclude otherwise.” See Deffenbaugh-Williams v. Wal-Mart Stores, Inc., 188…
- Ferguson v. Associated Wholesale Grocers, Inc., 469 F. Supp. 2d 961 (D. Kan. 2007).publishedFirst Capital Corp., 251 F.3d 376 , 385 (2d Cir.2001); Romano v. U-Haul, Int’l, 233 F.3d 655, 670 (1st Cir.2000); Passantino v. Johnson & Johnson Consumer Prods., Inc., 212 F.3d 493 , 516 (9th Cir.2000); Deffenbaugh-Williams v. Wal-Mart St…
Show 14 more citing cases
- McInnis v. Fairfield Communities, Inc., 458 F.3d 1129 (10th Cir. 2006).publishedFirst Capital Corp., 251 F.3d 376 , 385 (2d Cir.2001); Romano v. U-Haul, Int’l, 233 F.3d 655, 670 (1st Cir.2000); Passantino v. Johnson & Johnson Consumer Prods., Inc., 212 F.3d 493 , 516 (9th Cir.2000); Deffenbaugh-Williams v. Wal-Mart St…
- Lopez v. Aramark Unif. & Career Apparel, Inc., 426 F. Supp. 2d 914 (N.D. Iowa 2006).publishedBut a written statement, without more, is insufficient to insulate an employer from punitive damages liability.”) (citations omitted); Cadena v. Pacesetter Corp., 224 F.3d 1203, 1210 (10th Cir.2000) (“[E]ven if an employer-defendant adduce…
- Gallina v. Mintz, Levin, Cohn, Ferris, Glovsky & Popeo, P.C., 123 F. App'x 558 (4th Cir. 2005).unpublished See Zimmermann v. Associates First Capital Corp., 251 F.3d 376, 385 (2d Cir.2001); Romano v. U-Haul, Int’l, 233 F.3d 655, 670 (1st Cir.2000); Passantino v. Johnson & Johnson Consumer Prods., Inc., 212 F.3d 493 , 516 (9th Cir.2000); Deffenb…
- Medcalf v. Trs. of Univ. of Pennsylvania, 71 F. App'x 924 (3d Cir. 2003).unpublishedSee, e.g., Romano v. U-Haul Int’l, 233 F.3d 655, 670 (1st Cir. 2000) cert. denied, 534 U.S. 815 , 122 S.Ct. 41 , 151 L.Ed.2d 14 (2001); Zimmermann v. Associates First Capital Corp., 251 F.3d 376 , 385 (2d Cir.2001); Passantino v. Johnson &…
- Baker v. John Morrell & Co., 266 F. Supp. 2d 909 (N.D. Iowa 2003).publishedBut a written statement, without more, is insufficient to insulate an employer from punitive damages liability.”) (citations omitted); Cadena v. Pacesetter Corp., 224 F.3d 1203, 1210 (10th Cir.2000) (“[E]ven if an employer-defendant adduce…
- Davey v. Lockheed Martin Corp., 301 F.3d 1204 (10th Cir. 2002).publishedSee Zimmermann v. Associates First Capital Corp., 251 F.3d 376, 385 (2nd Cir.2001); Romano v. U-Haul Int’l, 233 F.3d 655, 670 (1st Cir.2000) cert. denied, - U.S. -, 122 S.Ct. 41 , 151 L.Ed.2d 14 (2001); Passantino v. Johnson & Johnson Cons…
- Golson v. Green Tree Fin. Servicing Corp., 26 F. App'x 209 (4th Cir. 2002).unpublishedSee e.g., Romano v. U-Haul, Int’l, 233 F.3d 655, 670 (1st Cir.2000), cert. denied, — U.S. —, 122 S.Ct. 41 , 151 L.Ed.2d 14 (2001); Passantino v. Johnson & Johnson Consumer Prods., Inc., 212 F.3d 493 , 516 (9th Cir. 2000); Deffenbaugh-Willi…
- Flockhart v. Iowa Beef Processors, Inc., 192 F. Supp. 2d 947 (N.D. Iowa 2001).publishedSee Ogden, 214 F.3d at 1010 (affirming a jury award of punitive damages and noting that evidence of a written sexual harassment policy, and policy of encouraging employees with grievances to contact the home office “ ‘does not suffice, as…
- Hertzberg, Julie K. v. SRAM Corp., No. 00-1825 (7th Cir. Aug. 2, 2001).published(considering management’s failure to respond effectively to complaints as evidence of lack of good faith)
- Julie K. Hertzberg v. Sram Corp., 261 F.3d 651 (7th Cir. 2001).published(considering management’s failure to respond effectively to complaints as evidence of lack of good faith)
- Bruso, Mark v. United Airlines Inc, No. 00-1688 (7th Cir. Feb. 2, 2001).publishedHowever, the jury was not bound by this stipulation, and it was free to credit Mr. Bruso’s testimony of severe pain over his physician’s testimony that he could have returned to work rather quickly. /6 See Romano v. U-Haul Int’l, 233 F.3d…
- Mark J. Bruso v. United Airlines, Inc., Cross-Appellee, 239 F.3d 848 (7th Cir. 2001).publishedSee Romano, 233 F.3d at 670 (holding that a written nondiscrimination policy was insufficient to insulate an employer from punitive damages liability when the employer failed to demonstrate that it had attempted to imple *859 ment the poli…
- Lowery v. Circuit City Stores, Inc., 206 F.3d 431 (4th Cir. 2000).published (analyzing evidence of employer’s good-faith efforts of anti-discrimination in context of Rule 50(b) motion)
- Renee Lowery Lisa S. Peterson, & Shelby McKnight Gregory Fleming Sonya Hairston Dynelle Johnson Nadra Smith Ponnette Smith Sheila Smith Patricia Spencer Edward Stokes v. Circuit City Stores, Inc., Chamber of Com. of the United States of Am. Washington Legal Found. Equal Emp. Advisory Council Nat'l Retail Fed'n Equal Emp. Opportunity Comm'n Naacp Legal Def. & Educ. Fund, Inc., Amici Curiae. Shelby McKnight Gregory Fleming Renee Lowery Nadra Smith Ponnette Smith Sheila Smith Patricia Spencer Edward Stokes Lisa S. Peterson, & Sonya Hairston Dynelle Johnson v. Circuit City Stores, Inc., Chamber of Com. of the United States of Am. Washington Legal Found. Equal Emp. Advisory Council Nat'l Retail Fed'n Equal Emp. Opportunity Comm'n Naacp Legal Def. & Educ. Fund, Inc., Amici Curiae. Shelby McKnight Renee Lowery Lisa S. Peterson, & Gregory Fleming Sonya Hairston Dynelle Johnson Nadra Smith Ponnette Smith Sheila Smith Patricia Spencer Edward Stokes v. Circuit City Stores, Inc., Equal Emp. Opportunity Comm'n Naacp Legal Def. & Educ. Fund, Inc., Amici Curiae. Renee Lowery, & Shelby McKnight Gregory Fleming Sonya Hairston Dynelle Johnson Nadra Smith Ponnette Smith Sheila Smith Patricia Spencer Edward Stokes Lisa S. Peterson v. Circuit City Stores, Inc., 206 F.3d 431 (4th Cir. 2000).published (analyzing evidence of employer's good-faith efforts of anti-discrimination in context of Rule 50(b) motion)
At page 282 Remanding for new trial when law changes during appeal18 citing casesWhen law changes in unanticipated ways during an appeal . . . this court will generally remand for a new trial to give parties the benefit of the new law and the opportunity to present evidence relevant to that new standard.
- Charlene Carter v. Sw. Airlines Co., No. 23-10836 (5th Cir. Oct. 15, 2025).published (When law changes in unanticipated ways during an appeal . . . this court will generally remand for a new trial to give parties the benefit of the new law and the opportunity to present evidence relevant to that new stan…)
- Charlene Carter v. Sw. Airlines Co., No. 23-10836 (5th Cir. May 8, 2025).published (When law changes in unanticipated ways during an appeal . . . this court will generally remand for a new trial to give parties the benefit of the new law and the opportunity to present evidence relevant to that new stan…)
- United States Ex Rel. Rafizadeh v. Cont'l Common, Inc., 553 F.3d 869 (5th Cir. 2008).published (When law changes in unanticipated ways during an appeal . . . this court will generally remand for a new trial to give parties the benefit of the new law and the opportunity to present evidence relevant to that new sta…)
- Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. v. TX Alcohol, 945 F.3d 206 (5th Cir. 2019).publishedWhen plaintiffs, such as Wal-Mart, have had a “fair opportunity to prove their claim and they failed to do so,” an appellate court may “discern no reason to give the plaintiffs a second chance to make out [the] case.” See Weisgram v. Marle…
- Sass v. MTA Bus Co., 6 F. Supp. 3d 229 (E.D.N.Y 2014).publishedCf. Deffenbaugh-Williams v. Wal-Mart Stores, Inc., 188 F.3d 278, 282 (5th Cir.1999) ("Of course, Supreme Court decisions apply retroactively and prospectively to all cases on direct appeal whenever applied to the litigants before the Court.
- Hall v. Louisiana, 973 F. Supp. 2d 675 (M.D. La. 2013).published([o]f course, Supreme Court decisions apply retroactively and prospectively to all cases on direct appeal whenever applied to the litigants before the Court." (citing Harper, 509 U.S. at 97 , 113 S.Ct. 2510 ))
- Equal Emp. Opportunity Comm'n v. Serv. Temps Inc., 679 F.3d 323 (5th Cir. 2012).published(a post- Kolstad Title VII case)
- Gaddis v. United States, 381 F.3d 444 (5th Cir. 2004).published "When law changes in unanticipated ways during an appeal ... this court will generally remand for a new trial to give parties the benefit of the new law and the opportunity to present evidence relevant to that new standard." Deffenbaugh-Wi…
- United States v. 3614 Dorothy Lane, No. 02-20514 (5th Cir. Mar. 27, 2003).unpublished“Supreme Court decisions apply retroactively and prospectively to all cases on direct appeal whenever applied to the litigants before the Court.” Deffenbaugh-Williams v. Wal-Mart Stores, Inc., 188 F.3d 278, 282 (5th Cir. 1999) (citing Harp…
- Williams v. Trader Publ'g Co., 218 F.3d 481 (5th Cir. 2000).published Id. at 2129 (quotation omitted).(footnote omitted) 29 Deffenbaugh-Williams v. Wal-Mart Stores, Inc., 188 F.3d 278, 282 (5th Cir. 1999). 30 Trader's liability for punitive damages depends on whether Ron Haas was acting as a managerial emplo…
Show 3 more citing cases
- Kerry D. Ogden v. Wax Works, Inc., 214 F.3d 999 (8th Cir. 2000).published See, e.g., Lowery v. Circuit City Stores, Inc., 206 F.3d 431, 436-37 (4th Cir.2000); Deffenbaugh-Williams v. Wal-Mart Stores, Inc., 188 F.3d 278, 282-84 (5th Cir.1999); E.E.O.C. v. Wal-Mart Stores, Inc., 187 F.3d 1241, 1246 (10th Cir.1999).
- Dr. David S. Muransky v. Godiva Chocolatier, Inc., 979 F.3d 917 (11th Cir. 2020).publishedSee Deffenbaugh-Williams v. Wal-Mart Stores, Inc., 188 F.3d 278, 282 (5th Cir. 1999) (“When law changes in unanticipated ways during an appeal . . . this court will generally remand for a new trial to give parties the benefit of the new la…
- Erica P. John Fund, Inc. v. Haliburton Co., et, 718 F.3d 423 (5th Cir. 2013).publishedSee Deffenbaugh-Williams v. Wal-Mart Stores, Inc., 188 F.3d 278, 282 (5th Cir.1999).
At page 285 Reviewing motions for judgment as a matter of law8 citing cases
- Joshua Montano v. Orange Cnty. Texas, 842 F.3d 865 (5th Cir. 2016).publishedSol., L.L.C. v. City of Jackson, Miss., 817 F.3d 163, 165 (5th Cir. 2016); Deffenbaugh-Williams v. Wal-Mart Stores, Inc., 188 F.3d 278, 285 (5th Cir. 1999); McCann v. Tex. City Ref., Inc., 984 F.2d 667 , 672 (5th Cir. 1993).
- Rogers v. Clay, 103 F. App'x 808 (5th Cir. 2004).unpublishedDeffenbaugh-Williams v. WalMart Stores, Inc., 188 F.3d 278, 285 (5th Cir.1999).
- Med. Care Am., Inc. v. Nat'l Union Fire Ins. Co. of Pittsburgh, 341 F.3d 415 (5th Cir. 2003).publishedDeffenbaugh-Williams v. Wal-Mart Stores, Inc., 188 F.3d 278, 285 (5th Cir.1999). 11 .
- Reed v. Cracker Barrel Old Country Store, Inc., 171 F. Supp. 2d 741 (M.D. Tenn. 2001).published Redden, Punitive Damages, § 4.4(B)(2)(a), p. 181 (3d ed.1995)); see also Bruso v. United Airlines, Inc., 239 F.3d 848, 860 (7th Cir.2001) (holding that a jury could find that a departmental manager who oversaw the cleaning and provisioning…
- Spring v. Beverly Ent Ms, No. 99-60174 (5th Cir. Jan. 25, 2000).unpublishedDistrict Court’s Judgment as a Matter of Law A. Standard of Review We review de novo a trial court’s grant of a judgment pursuant to Rule 50(a) as a matter of law, see Deffenbaugh Williams v. Walmart Stores, Inc. 188 F.3d 278, 285 (5th Cir…
- Rutherford v. Harris Cnty., 197 F.3d 173 (5th Cir. 1999).published A We review de novo the denial of Harris County’s motion for judgment as a matter of law, Deffenbaugh-Williams v. Wal-Mart Stores, Inc., 188 F.3d 278, 285 (5th Cir.1999), applying the same standard that the district court used.
At page 283 Notice of non-discrimination policy barring punitive damages4 citing cases
- Bay Area Healthcare Grp., Ltd., D/B/A Columbia Bayview Psychiatric Ctr. v. Rayburn, William H., No. 13-99-00275-CV (Tex. App.—Corpus Christi Dec. 28, 2000).unpublishedSee Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. v. Itz , 21 S.W.3d 456, 479 (Tex.App.--Austin 2000, pet. filed); Deffenbaugh-Williams v. Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. , 188 F.3d 278, 283-84 (5 th Cir. 1999); Kimbrough v. Loma Linda Dev. , 183 F.3d 782 (8 th Cir. 1999).
- Clark v. Metro Health Found., Inc., 90 F. Supp. 2d 976 (N.D. Ind. 2000).publishedThe court agrees with Dejfenbaugh-Williams v. Wal-Mart, Stores, Inc., 188 F.3d 278, 283-284 (5th Cir.1999), that since the statutory punitive damages structure is built on the heritage of the Restatements of Agency and Torts, the affirmati…
At page 280 cited at this page1 citing case
- Sackett v. Itc^ Deltacom, Inc., 374 F. Supp. 2d 602 (E.D. Tenn. 2005).published See, e.g., Ogden v. Wax Works, Inc., 214 F.3d 999, 1003-1004, 1009-1010 (8th Cir.2000) (manager’s behavior was “ ‘sufficiently abusive’ to manifest the requisite malice of disregard” where manager made unwelcome physical and verbal sexual…
At page 281 Kolstad explains, first, that no ‘egregiousness’ requirement exists for § 1981a(b)(1) punitive damages beyond the statutory ‘malice’ or ‘reckless disregard’ regarding actions’ legality under Title VII.1 citing case
- Irvine v. El Paso Hlthcare Sys, No. 00-50506 (5th Cir. Feb. 23, 2001).unpublished (Kolstad explains, first, that no ‘egregiousness’ requirement exists for § 1981a(b)(1) punitive damages beyond the statutory ‘malice’ or ‘reckless disregard’ regarding actions’ legality under Title VII.)
At page 284 Kolstad’s imputation holding was not such a sudden shift as to require, in fairness, giving Wal-Mart an opportunity to present additional evidence.1 citing case
- Cadena v. Pacesetter Corp., 224 F.3d 1203 (10th Cir. 2000).published (Kolstad’s imputation holding was not such a sudden shift as to require, in fairness, giving Wal-Mart an opportunity to present additional evidence.)
Other citing cases
- Vaughn v. Sabine Cnty., 104 F. App'x 980 (5th Cir. 2004).unpublished
Retrieving the full opinion text from the archive…
Williams
v.
Wal-Mart Stores Inc
v.
Wal-Mart Stores Inc
97-10685.
Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit.
Mar 3, 1999.
Published opinion
188 F.3d 278
Cited by 80 opinions | Published
IN THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
FOR THE FIFTH CIRCUIT
No. 97-10685
JULIE DEFFENBAUGH WILLIAMS
Plaintiff-Appellee Cross-Appellant versus
WAL-MART STORES, INC, ET AL
Defendants
WAL-MART STORES, INC
Defendant-Appellant Cross-Appellee
- - - - - Appeals from the United States District Court for the Northern District of Texas
- - - - -
ON PETITION FOR REHEARING AND SUGGESTION FOR REHEARING EN BANC (Opinion September 24, 1998, 5 Cir., 1998, _____F.3d____)
(February 26, 1999)
Before POLITZ, JOLLY, HIGGINBOTHAM, DAVIS, JONES, SMITH, DUHÉ, WIENER, BARKSDALE, EMILIO M. GARZA, DeMOSS, BENAVIDES, STEWART, PARKER and DENNIS, Circuit Judges.*
BY THE COURT:
A member of the Court in active service having requested a poll on the suggestion for rehearing en banc and a majority of the judges in active service having voted in favor of granting a rehearing en banc,
IT IS ORDERED that this cause shall be reheard by the court en banc with oral argument on a date hereafter to be fixed. The
Clerk will specify a briefing schedule for the filing of supplemental briefs.
________________________
Chief Judge King is recused and did not participate in this decision.