United States v. Boardman, 528 F.3d 86 (1st Cir. 2008). · Go Syfert
United States v. Boardman, 528 F.3d 86 (1st Cir. 2008). Cases Citing This Book View Copy Cite
40 citation events (40 in the last 25 years) across 12 distinct courts.
Strongest positive: United States v. Nickdaniel Clay (ca5, 2015-05-22)
Treatment trajectory · 2008 → 2026 · click a year to view as-of
2008 2017 2026
Top citers, strongest first. 17 distinct citers. How cited ↗
discussed Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Nickdaniel Clay
5th Cir. · 2015 · confidence medium
That holds true for the career-offender provisions just as it does any other provisions of the Guidelines.”); United States v. Boardman, 528 F.3d 86, 88 (1st Cir.2008) (remanding for the district court to "consider [sentencing] issues with the additional latitude furnished by Kimbrough"). 3 .
discussed Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Newhouse
N.D. Iowa · 2013 · confidence medium
Following this line of Supreme Court precedent, the Eighth Circuit Court of Appeals, as well as other courts of appeals, held that district courts are free to vary from the Career Offender guideline based on policy disagreements with it. 12 See United States v. Gray, 577 F.3d 947, 950 (8th Cir.2009) (holding that district court did not “misunderstand its authority to vary from the career-offender guideline” on the basis of policy disagreements, thus implying that a district court has authority to vary from Career Offender guideline based on policy disagreements with it); see also United St…
cited Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Douglas
1st Cir. · 2011 · confidence medium
Cf. United States v. Rodriguez, 630 F.3d 39, 43 (1st Cir.2010); United States v. Boardman, 528 F.3d 86, 87 (1st Cir.2008).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Jones
D. Mass. · 2010 · confidence medium
Defense counsel therefore urged this Court simply to reject the career offender guideline in a “categorical policy disagreement” as recognized by the First Circuit in United States v. Boardman, 528 F.3d 86, 87 (1st Cir.2008) (citing Kimbrough v. United States, 552 U.S. 85 , 128 S.Ct. 558 , 169 L.Ed.2d 481 (2007)).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Mitchell (2×)
9th Cir. · 2010 · confidence medium
Acceding to the Court’s confirmation of the advisory only use of the Sentencing Guidelines, the circuits that recently have addressed the crack/powder differential in sentencing a career offender have concluded that “district judges are at liberty to reject any Guideline on policy grounds — though they must act reasonably when using that pow er.” United States v. Comer, 598 F.3d 411, 415 (7th Cir.2010) (en banc) (vacating sentence in crack/powder disparity, career-offender case and overruling prior precedent); see United States v. Michael, 576 F.3d 323, 327-28 (6th Cir.2009); United St…
examined Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Merced (4×)
3rd Cir. · 2010 · confidence medium
United States v. Boardman, 528 F.3d 86, 87 (1st Cir.2008); United States v. Michael, 576 F.3d 323, 327-28 (6th Cir.2009); United States v. Gray, 577 F.3d 947, 950 (8th Cir.2009).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Bucci
1st Cir. · 2009 · confidence medium
The First Circuit has “remanded pre-Kimbrough sentences without preserved claims where ‘there was some explicit indication that the district court might well alter its sentence.’ ” Santiago, 560 F.3d at 68 (quoting United States v. Boardman, 528 F.3d 86, 87 (1st Cir.2008)) (alterations omitted).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Cole (2×)
6th Cir. · 2009 · confidence medium
But see United States v. Russell, 564 F.3d 200, 203 (3d Cir.2009) (remanding because the district court expressly stated that, under controlling Third Circuit precedent, it "may not categorically reject the crack/powdered cocaine differential as a matter of policy”); United States v. Boardman, 528 F.3d 86, 87 (1st Cir.2008) ("[B]ecause [the district court] has broader freedom that it did before Kim-brough and there is some explicit indication that it might well alter its sentence in light of that, we think a remand is warranted to permit the court to make its own decision now informed by Kim…
examined Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Stone (3×)
1st Cir. · 2009 · confidence medium
United States v. Gibbons, 553 F.3d 40, 46 (1st Cir.2009); United States v. Boardman, 528 F.3d 86, 87 (1st Cir.2008) (using Kimbrough to vacate and remand a sentence where a district court concluded it was bound by certain career offender guidelines); Rodríguez, 527 F.3d at 231 .
discussed Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Santiago
1st Cir. · 2009 · confidence medium
We have remanded pre-Kimbrough sentences without preserved claims where “there [was] some explicit indication that [the district court] might well alter its sentence.” United States v. Boardman, 528 F.3d 86, 87 (1st Cir.2008).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Carr (2×) also: Cited "see"
2d Cir. · 2009 · confidence medium
The First Circuit in Boardman remanded to the district court, reasoning that a sentencing court “has broader freedom tha[n] it did before Kim-brough” to deviate from the Guidelines based on the sentencing judge’s “disagreement with the Commission’s policy judgment (as expressed in the guideline as we interpreted it in Fiore).” Id. at 87 (emphasis added).
examined Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Giggey (4×)
1st Cir. · 2008 · confidence medium
Although the sentencing judge now has considerable leeway to vary from the Guidelines range, see Kimbrough v. United States, ___ U.S. ____, 128 S.Ct. 558, 570 , 169 L.Ed.2d 481 (2007), the sentencing judge must still consider the extent of deviation between the Guidelines range and the sentence given and ensure the justification is sufficiently compelling to support the degree of variance, Gall, 128 S.Ct. at 597 ; see also United States v. Thurston, 544 F.3d 22, 25 (1st Cir.2008); United States v. Boardman, 528 F.3d 86, 87 (1st Cir.2008) (noting that sentencing judges may depart from the Guide…
discussed Cited "see" United States v. Leyva-Ortiz
10th Cir. · 2009 · signal: see · confidence high
Nor do we express any view as to what sentence [Mr. Leyva-Ortiz] should receive on remand or whether it should fall within or outside his Guidelines range.” United States v. Jones, 531 F.3d 163, 182 (2d Cir.2008); see United States v. Boardman, 528 F.3d 86, 88 (1st Cir.2008) (“Nothing in our decision is intended to suggest that a lesser sentence be imposed.... ”).
discussed Cited "see" New Jersey Carpenters Pension & Annuity Funds v. Biogen Idec Inc.
1st Cir. · 2008 · signal: see · confidence high
See ACA Fin., 512 F.3d at 62 (“There is nothing in the amended complaint to establish that the defendants were aware of facts, at the time they made their predictions, that would have made those predic *49 tions unreasonable...Boston Scientific, 528 F.3d at 86 (“Securities actions raise questions of what corporate managers knew and when they knew it.” (emphasis added)).
discussed Cited "see, e.g." United States v. Vazquez
M.D. Fla. · 2011 · signal: see also · confidence medium
See also United States v. Boardman, 528 F.3d 86, 87 (1st Cir.2008) (“[W]e do not see why disagreement with the Commission’s policy judgment (as expressed in [§ 4B1.1]) would be any less permissible a reason to deviate than disagreement with the guideline policy judgment at issue in Kimbrough.”).
discussed Cited "see, e.g." United States v. Leonardo Herrera-Zuniga
6th Cir. · 2009 · signal: see also · confidence medium
In fact, “[a]mong those that have taken a definitive position, our sister circuits appear to be uniformly in accord with this view.” United States v. Lente, No. 07-2035, 2009 U.S. App. LEXIS 9391 , at *46 (10th Cir. April 29, 2009) (Holmes, J., concurring) (citing United States v. Cavera, 550 F.3d 180, 196-97 (2d Cir. 2008) (upholding district court’s variance based on its finding that the Guidelines failed to take into account “the greater need for deterrence in New York” for firearms offenses because its strict firearms laws had produced a comparatively “more profitable black mar…
discussed Cited "see, e.g." United States v. Herrera-Zuniga
6th Cir. · 2009 · signal: see also · confidence medium
LEXIS 9391, at *46 (10th Cir. April 29, 2009) (Holmes, J., concurring) (citing United States v. Cavera, 550 F.3d 180, 196-97 (2d Cir.2008) (upholding district court’s variance based on its finding that the Guidelines failed to take into account “the greater need for deterrence in New York” for firearms offenses because its strict firearms laws had produced a comparatively “more profitable black market in firearms”); United States v. Tankersley, 537 F.3d 1100, 1113 (9th Cir.2008) (applying Kimbrough to conclude that the district court’s “decision to depart — based on its desire …
Retrieving the full opinion text from the archive…
UNITED STATES of America, Appellee,
v.
Timothy BOARDMAN, Defendant, Appellant
07-1030.
Court of Appeals for the First Circuit.
Jun 11, 2008.
528 F.3d 86
2008 U.S. App. LEXIS 12420
2008 WL 2357940
Jaye L. Rancourt, by appointment of the court, with whom Brennan Caron Lenehan & Iacopino was on brief for appellant., Terry L. Ollila, Assistant United States Attorney, with whom Thomas P. Colantuo-no, United States Attorney, was on brief for appellee.
Boudin, Lynch, Lipez.
Cited by 24 opinions  |  Published
BOUDIN, Chief Judge.

On June 27, 2006, Timothy Boardman pleaded guilty to one count of conspiracy to distribute heroin, 21 U.S.C. § 846 (2000); he was thereafter sentenced to 84 months’ imprisonment by the federal district court for New Hampshire. He now appeals to contest his sentence.

Boardman argues that his two prior convictions for burglary (of a warehouse and a garage, respectively) should not have been considered predicate “crimes of violence” for purposes of the career offender provision of the sentencing guidelines, U.S.S.G. § 4B1.1, application of which substantially increased his guideline range. He also argues that in any event, the district judge had — but mistakenly thought he did not have — the discretion to deviate from the guideline range based on his view that the prior felonies should not be so treated.

This court’s decision in United States v. Fiore, 983 F.2d 1 (1st Cir.1992), cert. denied, 507 U.S. 1024, 113 S.Ct. 1830, 123 L.Ed.2d 458 (1993), held that non-residential burglary is always a crime of violence under the guideline in question, id. at 4-5, and the district judge faithfully applied that precedent in this case. However, we have just agreed, in another pending case, United States v. Giggey, No. 07-2317, to reconsider en banc the holding of Fiore; were we to decide to change course, a[*87] remand would be necessary here too. However, Giggey, in which further briefing is being sought, cannot be argued and decided until the fall.

In the meanwhile, if Boardman’s alternative argument is right, then he is entitled to resentencing regardless of whether Fiore is overturned. See United States v. Rodriguez, 327 F.3d 52, 54 (1st Cir.2003). Because of time already served before and after the sentence was imposed, resentenc-ing could result in a new sentence that would amount to immediate or imminent release. [1] And because we think that the district judge has more authority than he thought even if Fiore stands, we think that a remand now serves the interests of justice without awaiting the outcome of Gig-gey-

After Boardman was sentenced, the Supreme Court held in Kimbrough v. United States, — U.S. -, 128 S.Ct. 558, 169 L.Ed.2d 481 (2007), that district judges may deviate from the guidelines even on the basis of categorical policy disagreements with its now-advisory provisions. In Kimbrough, the disagreement was with the crack to cocaine ratio set forth in the guidelines, see id. at 570; here, the district judge’s comments at the sentencing hearing suggest disagreement with this court’s interpretation of the guidelines in Fiore to include non-residential burglary as a predicate for the career offender enhancement.

The district court properly recognized that it was bound by Fiore to treat the guideline as we had interpreted it; but we do not see why disagreement with the Commission’s policy judgment (as expressed in the guideline as we interpreted it in Fiore) would be any less permissible a reason to deviate than disagreement with the guideline policy judgment at issue in Kimbrough. The district court, of course, had no reason to anticipate Kimbrough’s approach which overturned or called into question various rulings of this court and other circuits assuming that such guideline policy judgments were binding.

Of course the district court is still required to calculate and consider the guidelines range. United States v. Jimenez-Beltre, 440 F.3d 514, 518-19 (1st Cir.2006) (en banc), cert. denied, — U.S.-, 127 S.Ct. 928, 166 L.Ed.2d 715 (2007). But because it has broader freedom that it did before Kimbrough and there is some explicit indication that it might well alter its sentence in light of that, we think a remand is warranted to permit the court to make its own decision now informed by Kimbrough. Rodriguez, 327 F.3d at 54. This is so regardless of how Giggey is ultimately decided.

The government responds that the district court knew it had discretion, and in fact exercised it by varying downward by almost 50 months (from a guideline range of 140-175 months). But the question is discretion to deviate on what grounds, and we think the district court (without the benefit of Kimbrough’s clarification) underestimated what it was entitled to do. The judge explicitly said that “if on appeal the Circuit believes that I should have greater discretion ... then I would go back and sentence the defendant to 33 months.” The government insists that in fact the judge, if given the chance would not do so as long as Fiore stands, but we prefer to let him make that decision.

The district court may, of course, wish to postpone resentencing until after the en[*88] banc court decides Giggey; if so, it might or might not wish to release Boardman pending resentencing. Nothing in our decision is intended to suggest that a lesser sentence should be imposed or that Board-man should be released now, either definitively or provisionally. Our concern is that the district judge consider such issues with the additional latitude furnished by Kimbrough.

The sentence is vacated and the matter remanded to the district court for further proceedings consistent with this decision.

It is so ordered.

1

. Although his current sentence is 84 months and was imposed only in December 2006, he had by then already been held for a substantial period, normally credited against the sentence, and sought in district court a sentence of approximately 32 months. He has already served more than 32 months.