Reyes v. Marine Drilling Companies, Inc., 944 S.W.2d 401 (Tex. App. 1997). · Go Syfert
Reyes v. Marine Drilling Companies, Inc., 944 S.W.2d 401 (Tex. App. 1997). Cases Citing This Book View Copy Cite
94 citation events (60 in the last 25 years) across 2 distinct courts.
Strongest positive: Waterman Steamship Corporation and Maersk Line Limited v. Miguel Ruiz (texapp, 2011-08-25)
Treatment trajectory · 1998 → 2026 · click a year to view as-of
1998 2012 2026
Top citers, strongest first. 35 distinct citers. How cited ↗
examined Cited as authority (rule) Waterman Steamship Corporation and Maersk Line Limited v. Miguel Ruiz (3×)
Tex. App. · 2011 · confidence medium
In the instant case, personnel were sent to Texas once to take delivery of the aircraft and infrequently thereafter to purchase supplies, parts and fuel.”); cf. Coleman , 83 S.W.3d at 809 (holding that five trips to Texas to attend national conferences did not support general jurisdiction when defendant did not select location of conferences); Reyes , 944 S.W.2d at 404 (holding same for 204 trips to Texas for inspections and reviews required by federal contractual obligations).
examined Cited as authority (rule) Waterman Steamship Corp. v. Ruiz (4×)
Tex. App. · 2011 · confidence medium
See Farwah v. Prosperous Maritime Corp., 220 S.W.3d 585, 591 (Tex.App.-Beaumont 2007, no pet.) (“Generally, with respect to vessel owners and managers who do not direct the itinerary of the vessel, port calls are not construed as substantial contacts of a quality sufficient to establish a court’s general jurisdiction over a nonresident defendant.”); see also Coleman, 83 S.W.3d at 809 (discounting quality of defendant’s attendance at conferences in Texas when defendant did not choose location); Reyes v. Marine Drilling Cos., 944 S.W.2d 401, 402-04 (Tex.App.-Houston [14th Dist.] 1997, no…
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Grupo TMM, S.A.B. v. Perez (2×)
Tex. App. · 2010 · confidence medium
See Bearry v. Beech Aircraft Corp., 818 F.2d 370, 376 (5th Cir.1987); PHC-Minden, L.P. v. Kimberly-Clark Corp., 235 S.W.3d 163, 171 (Tex.2007); Reyes v. Marine Drilling Cos., 944 S.W.2d 401, 404 (Tex.App.-Houston [14th Dist.] 1997, no writ).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Grupo TMM, S.A.B., TMM Logistics, S.A. De C v. and Lacto Comercial Organizada, S.A. De C v. v. Juan Gerardo Perez, Elizabeth Carolina Perez, Individually and as the Representative of the Estate of Xochitl Carolina Castillo Perez and the Estate of Xochitl Y. Perez Castillo, Christine Dolores Perez, Felipe Manuel Perez, Maria Delores Castillo
Tex. App. · 2010 · confidence medium
See Bearry v. Beech Aircraft Corp. , 818 F.2d 370, 376 (5th Cir. 1987); PHC-Minden, L.P. v. Kimberly-Clark Corp. , 235 S.W.3d 163, 171 (Tex. 2007); Reyes v. Marine Drilling Cos. , 944 S.W.2d 401, 404 (Tex. App.—Houston [14th Dist.] 1997, no writ).
examined Cited as authority (rule) Casas v. Northrop Grumman Ship Systems, Inc. (3×) also: Cited "see"
S.D. Tex. · 2008 · confidence medium
In addition, the Supreme Court has found that even regular “purchases and related trips, standing alone, are not sufficient basis for a State’s assertion of jurisdiction.” Helicopteros, 466 U.S. at 417 , 104 S.Ct. 1868 ; see also Central Freight Lines, 322 F.3d at 381 (no general jurisdiction over defendant that sent sales people to forum state on a regular basis to develop business, negotiate contracts, and service national accounts); Reyes, 944 S.W.2d at 403 (no general jurisdiction over defendant that sent representatives to Texas on at least 204 occasions to inspect financial data an…
discussed Cited as authority (rule) UCHE v. Allison
Tex. App. · 2007 · confidence medium
Type Culture Collection, 83 S.W.3d at 809 (discounting quality of contact regarding defendant’s attendance at five conferences in Texas when defendant did not select conference locations); Reyes v. Marine Drilling Cos., 944 S.W.2d 401, 402-04 (Tex.App.-Houston [14th Dist.] 1997, no writ) (discounting quality of contact when defendant sent representatives to Texas at least 204 times to perform quality-assurance inspections that were necessitated under contractual obligations between defendant and United States government).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Paramjit Farwah, Individualy and as Representative of the Estate of Ravinderpal Farwah, and as the Next Friend of Minor Children, Simran Farwah, Amrit Farwah, Harman Farwah, Swaran Farwah and Sarvinder Farwah v. Prosperous Maritime Corp. and OCS Services (India) LTD.- Divisions: Nortrans Maritime Services
Tex. App. · 2007 · confidence medium
Type Culture Collection , 83 S.W.3d at 809 (discounting quality of contact regarding defendant's attendance at five conferences in Texas when defendant did not select conference locations); Reyes v. Marine Drilling Cos ., 944 S.W.2d 401, 402-04 (Tex. App.-Houston [14th Dist.] 1997, no writ) (discounting quality of contact when defendant sent representatives to Texas at least 204 times to perform quality-assurance inspections that were necessitated under contractual obligations between defendant and United States government).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Farwah v. Prosperous Maritime Corp.
Tex. App. · 2007 · confidence medium
Type Culture Collection, 83 S.W.3d at 809 (discounting quality of contact regarding defendant’s attendance at five conferences in Texas when defendant did not select conference locations); Reyes v. Marine Drilling Cos., 944 S.W.2d 401, 402-04 (Tex.App.-Houston [14th Dist.] 1997, no writ) (discounting quality of contact when defendant sent representatives to Texas at least 204 times to perform quality-assurance inspections that were necessitated under contractual obligations between defendant and United States government).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Alenia Spazio, S.P.A. v. Reid (2×)
Tex. App. · 2004 · confidence medium
See American Type Culture Collection, Inc., 83 S.W.3d at 809 (discounting quality of contacts regarding defendant’s attendance at five conferences in Texas because defendant did not select the location of the conferences); Reyes v. Marine Drilling Cos., Inc., 944 S.W.2d 401, 402-04 (Tex.App.-Houston [14th Dist.] 1997, no writ) (discounting quality of contacts where defendant sent representatives to Texas at least 204 times to perform quality-assurance inspections, because these inspections were necessitated by defendant’s contractual obligations with the United States government); Conner v…
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Moni Pulo Ltd. v. Trutec Oil and Gas, Inc.
Tex. App. · 2004 · confidence medium
Banking, 97 S.W.3d at 276-77 (finding no general jurisdiction of New York underwriter that participated in funding two Texas businesses over a ten year period and solicited half a dozen others); Reyes v. Marine Drilling Cos., 944 S.W.2d 401, 403 (Tex.App.Houston [14th Dist.] 1997, no writ) (finding no general jurisdiction of nonresident company that sent representatives to Texas on at least 204 occasions to inspect potential vendors). 34 .
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Moni Pulo Limited v. Trutec Oil and Gas, Inc. D/B/A Martindale Associates Limited, Trutec Investment Services Company Limited
Tex. App. · 2003 · confidence medium
Banking , 97 S.W.3d at 276-77 ( finding no general jurisdiction of New York underwriter that participated in funding two Texas businesses over a ten year period and solicited half a dozen others) ; Reyes v. Marine Drilling Cos. , 944 S.W.2d 401, 403 (Tex. App.—Houston [14th Dist.] 1997, no writ) (finding no general jurisdiction of nonresident company that sent representatives to Texas on at least 204 occasions to inspect potential vendors). [34] See Am.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Walker Insurance Services v. Bottle Rock Power Corp.
Tex. App. · 2003 · confidence medium
See Hanson v. Denckla, 357 U.S. 235, 253 , 78 S.Ct. 1228 , 2 L.Ed.2d 1283 (1958); Reyes v. Marine Drilling Cos., 944 S.W.2d 401, 404 (Tex.App.-Houston [14th Dist.] 1997, no writ) (citing Burger King Corp. v. Rudzewicz, 471 U.S. 462, 474-75 , 105 S.Ct. 2174 , 85 L.Ed.2d 528 (1985)).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Walker Insurance Services v. Bottle Rock Power Corporation
Tex. App. · 2003 · confidence medium
See Hanson v. Denckla , 357 U.S. 235, 253 (1958); Reyes v. Marine Drilling Cos ., 944 S.W.2d 401, 404 (Tex. App. C Houston [14th Dist.] 1997, no writ) (citing Burger King Corp. v. Rudzewicz , 471 U.S. 462 , 474 B 75 (1985)).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Budgget Industries, Inc. v. Faber Engineering, LLC
Tex. App. · 2003 · confidence medium
See Burger King Corp. , 471 U.S. at 475 , 105 S. Ct. at 2184 ; Zac Smith, 734 S.W.2d at 663 ; Reyes v. Marine Drilling Companies, Inc ., 944 S.W.2d 401, 405 (Tex. App. C Houston [14th Dist.] 1997, no writ).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Experimental Aircraft Ass'n, Inc. v. Doctor (2×) also: Cited "see"
Tex. App. · 2002 · confidence medium
See id.; Reyes v. Marine Drilling Cos., 944 S.W.2d 401, 404 (Tex.App.—Houston [14th Dist.] 1997, no writ).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Mickey Stowers D/B/A Stowers Air Craft and Aircraft Structures, Inc. v. Leon Roberts, Individually, and as Independent Administrator of the Estate of Kevin Phillip Roberts, and Patricia Roberts
Tex. App. · 2001 · confidence medium
See Helicopteros, 466 U.S. at 408 ; Reyes v. Marine Drilling Co., 944 S.W.2d 401, 404-05 (Tex. App.—Houston [14th Dist.] 1997, no writ) (Delaware corporation’s purchase of $183 million in goods from 471 Texas vendors, and selling $851,511.88 worth of material to Texas companies were not continuous and systematic contacts that warranted general jurisdiction over nonresident defendant); cf. World-Wide Volkswagen, 444 U.S. at 297 .
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Mickey Stowers D/B/A Stowers Air Craft and Aircraft Structures, Inc. v. Leon Roberts, Individually, and as Independent Administrator of the Estate of Kevin Phillip Roberts, and Patricia Roberts
Tex. App. · 2001 · confidence medium
See Helicopteros , 466 U.S. at 408 ; Reyes v. Marine Drilling Co. , 944 S.W.2d 401, 404-05 (Tex. App.--Houston [14th Dist.] 1997, no writ) (Delaware corporation's purchase of $183 million in goods from 471 Texas vendors, and selling $851,511.88 worth of material to Texas companies were not continuous and systematic contacts that warranted general jurisdiction over nonresident defendant); cf. World-Wide Volkswagen , 444 U.S. at 297 .
cited Cited as authority (rule) Shapolsky v. Brewton
Tex. App. · 2001 · confidence medium
Reyes v. Marine Drilling Cos., Inc., 944 S.W.2d 401, 404 (Tex.App.—Houston [14th Dist.] 1997, no writ) (citing Burger King, 471 U.S. at 474-75 , 105 S.Ct. 2174 ; Guardian, 815 S.W.2d at 226 ).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) MTIS Ltd. v. Corporacion Interamericana de Entretenemiento S.A. de C.V. (2×)
Tex. App. · 2001 · confidence medium
Reyes v. Marine, Drilling Cos., Inc., 944 S.W.2d 401, 404 (Tex.App.—Houston [14th Dist.] 1997, no writ) (citing Guardian Royal, 815 S.W.2d at 226 ).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Old Kent Leasing Services Corp. v. McEwan
Tex. App. · 2001 · confidence medium
Reyes v. Marine Drilling Cos., Inc., 944 S.W.2d 401, 404 (Tex.App.-Houston [14th Dist.] 1997, no writ) (citing Burger King, 471 U.S. at 474-75 , 105 S.Ct. 2174 ; Guardian, 815 S.W.2d at 226).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) American Type Culture Collection, Inc. v. Coleman (2×)
Tex. App. · 2000 · confidence medium
Id., 944 S.W.2d at 402, 405 .
discussed Cited as authority (rule) BHP De Venezula, C.A., A/K/A BHP Venca v. Casteig, Eugene Paul
Tex. App. · 1999 · confidence medium
See Helicopteros , 408 U.S. at 411-12, 416 (holding Texas court did not have personal jurisdiction over a foreign business even where the foreign business had purchased $4 million worth of products in Texas, had sent employees to train in Texas, and payments were drawn on a Texas bank); CSR Ltd. , 925 S.W.2d at 595 (emphasizing defendant should not be subject to the jurisdiction of a foreign court based upon "random," "fortuitous," or "attenuated" contacts); J&J Marine, 982 S.W.2d at 926-27 (holding Texas court did not have personal jurisdiction where nonresident defendant sold seven shrimp bo…
discussed Cited as authority (rule) C-Loc Retention Systems, Inc. v. Hendrix (2×) also: Cited "see"
Tex. App. · 1999 · confidence medium
See id.; Reyes v. Marine Drilling Cos., 944 S.W.2d 401, 404 (Tex.App.—Houston [14th Dist.] 1997, no writ).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) BHP De Venezula, C.A. v. Casteig
Tex. App. · 1999 · confidence medium
See Helicópteros, 466 U.S. at 411-12, 416 , 104 S.Ct. 1868 (holding Texas court did not have personal jurisdiction over a foreign business even where the foreign business had purchased $4 million worth of products in Texas, had sent employees to train in Texas, and payments were drawn on a Texas bank); CSR Ltd., 925 S.W.2d at 595 (emphasizing defendant should not be subject to the jurisdiction of a foreign court based upon “random,” “for *328 tuitous,” or “attenuated” contacts); J & J Marine, 982 S.W.2d at 926-27 (holding Texas court did not have personal jurisdiction where nonres…
discussed Cited as authority (rule) BHP De Venezula, C.A., A/K/A BHP Venca v. Casteig, Eugene Paul
Tex. App. · 1999 · confidence medium
See Helicopteros , 408 U.S. at 411-12, 416 (holding Texas court did not have personal jurisdiction over a foreign business even where the foreign business had purchased $4 million worth of products in Texas, had sent employees to train in Texas, and payments were drawn on a Texas bank); CSR Ltd. , 925 S.W.2d at 595 (emphasizing defendant should not be subject to the jurisdiction of a foreign court based upon "random," "fortuitous," or "attenuated" contacts); J&J Marine, 982 S.W.2d at 926-27 (holding Texas court did not have personal jurisdiction where nonresident defendant sold seven shrimp bo…
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Mort Keshin & Co., Inc. v. Houston Chronicle Pub. Co. (2×) also: Cited "see"
Tex. App. · 1999 · confidence medium
See id.; Reyes v. Marine Drilling Cos., 944 S.W.2d 401, 404 (Tex.App.-Houston [14th Dist.] 1997, no writ).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) J & J Marine, Inc. v. Ha Van Le
Tex. App. · 1998 · confidence medium
See Siskind v. Villa Found, for Educ., Inc., 642 S.W.2d 434, 437-38 (Tex.1982); Reyes v. Marine Drilling Co., Inc., 944 S.W.2d 401, 405 (Tex.App.—Houston [14th Dist.] 1997, no writ); Hotel Partners, 847 S.W.2d at 633 . 2.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Goodchild Ex Rel. Goodchild v. Bombardier-Rotax GMBH, Motorenfabrick
Tex. App. · 1998 · confidence medium
As a means of bringing forth a special appearance ruling for immediate appellate review, however, Texas trial courts often employ the tactic, when defendants subject to a special appearance are part of an ongoing suit, of severing the causes of action against that defendant and entering a final judgment based on the grant of the special appearance. 3 See, e.g., Conner v. ContiCarriers and Terminals, 944 S.W.2d 405, 409 (Tex.App.—Houston [14th Dist.] 1997, no writ); Reyes v. Marine Drilling Cos., Inc., 944 S.W.2d 401, 402 (Tex.App.—Houston [14th Dist.] 1997, no writ); see also Cessna Aircra…
discussed Cited "see" Continental Alloys & Services (Delaware) LLC and Continental Alloys & Services, Inc. v. Yangzhou Chengde Steel Pipe Co., Ltd. and Ciec USA Incorporation
Tex. App. · 2020 · signal: see · confidence high
See, 18 e.g., Reyes v. Marine Drilling Cos., 944 S.W.2d 401 , 402–05 (Tex. App.— Houston [14th Dist.] 1997, no writ) (finding no general jurisdiction despite purchases of more than $183 million in goods in Texas from 471 sources, hundreds of contracts with Texas entities, and sales of more than $850,000 of scrap metal to Texas companies); Bearry v. Beech Aircraft Corp., 818 F.2d 370 , 372–73, 375–76 (5th Cir. 1987) (finding no general jurisdiction despite $250 million in products flowing into Texas over five years, $72 million in contracts for products manufactured in Texas, and more t…
discussed Cited "see" Parex Resources, Inc. and Ramshorn International Limited v. ERG Resources, LLC
Tex. App. · 2014 · signal: see · confidence high
See Reyes v. Marine Drilling Cos., Inc., 944 S.W.2d 401, 403, 404 (Tex.App.-Houston [14th Dist.] 1997, no pet.) (concluding foreign entity's $246 million worth of purchases from over 470 Texas companies did not subject entity to general jurisdiction in Texas); see also Grupo TMM, S.A.B. v. Perez, 327 S.W.3d 357 , 363 n. 1 (Tex.App.-Houston [14th Dist.] 2010, pet. denied). 33 .
discussed Cited "see" Milyn Canada, Individually and on Behalf of Her Minor Child, S.C v. Talen's Marine & Fuel, Inc. and Barry Miller
Tex. App. · 2007 · signal: see · confidence high
See Reyes v. Marine Drilling Companies, Inc. , 944 S.W.2d 401 , 404 B 05 (Tex. App. C Houston [14th Dist.] 1997, no writ) (affirming a trial court = s granting of a special appearance and holding that (1) purchasing $183 million in goods from 471 different persons and companies in Texas; (2) purchasing more than $63 million in products from a single Texas company; (3) advertising in five Texas periodicals for employees to work in Mississippi; (4) selling over $800,000.00 worth of scrap metal to Texas companies for delivery in Mississippi; (5) sending more than two hundred representatives into …
discussed Cited "see" Schott Glas v. Adame
Tex. App. · 2005 · signal: see · confidence high
See Reyes v. Marine Drilling Cos., 944 S.W.2d 401, 405 (Tex.App.Houston [14th Dist.] 1997, no writ) (holding that unpleaded personal jurisdiction theories are negated by proof that defendant is a nonresident); Villanueva, 866 S.W.2d at 695 (noting that each basis for disregarding the corporate fiction must be specifically pleaded or be waived).
discussed Cited "see" Schott Glas v. Arturo A. Adame and Marshal Coleman
Tex. App. · 2005 · signal: see · confidence high
See Reyes v. Marine Drilling Cos. , 944 S.W.2d 401, 405 (Tex. App. C Houston [14th Dist.] 1997, no writ) (holding that unpleaded personal jurisdiction theories are negated by proof that defendant is a nonresident) ; Villanueva , 866 S.W.2d at 695 (noting that each basis for disregarding the corporate fiction must be specifically pleaded or be waived) .
discussed Cited "see, e.g." Northern Frac Proppants, II, LLC, Lamstex Material Handling, LLC, Jeffries Alston, J & P Capital LLC, Patrick A. Tesson, and Badger Mining Corporation v. 2011 NF Holdings, LLC F/K/A NF Holdings, LLC and Northern Frac Proppants, LLC, Series 1 (2×)
Tex. App. · 2017 · signal: see also · confidence medium
Type Culture Collection, Inc. v. Coleman, 83 S.W.3d 801, 808 (Tex. 2002); see also Reyes v. Marine Drilling Cos., Inc., 944 S.W.2d 401, 403, 405 (Tex. App.—Houston [14th Dist.] 1997, no writ) (sales of about $850,000 of scrap metal to Texas companies, delivered in Mississippi, did not support general jurisdiction).
cited Cited "see, e.g." Preussag Aktiengesellschaft v. Coleman
Tex. App. · 2000 · signal: see, e.g. · confidence medium
See, e.g., Reyes v. Marine Drilling Cos., 944 S.W.2d 401, 405 (Tex.App. — Houston [14th Dist.] 1997, no writ).
Retrieving the full opinion text from the archive…
Alberto T. REYES, Appellant,
v.
MARINE DRILLING COMPANIES, INC., Marine Drilling Management Company, Samedan Oil Corporation, M/V Enterprise Limited Partnership, Keyes Offshore Limited Partnership D/B/A Keyes Drilling Limited Partnership and Ingalls Shipbuilding, Inc., Appellees
14-95-01420-CV.
Court of Appeals of Texas.
Mar 6, 1997.
944 S.W.2d 401
1997 WL 13635
Douglas J. Sutter, Houston, for appellant., Bruch H. Golden, Rodney E. Alexander, Houston, for appellees.
Lee, Amidei, Edelman.
Cited by 39 opinions  |  Published

OPINION

AMIDEI, Justice.

Alberto T. Reyes appeals from a judgment of dismissal. Alleging Ingalls Shipbuilding, Inc. (Ingalls) was negligent in designing a portion of a drilling rig, appellant sued In-galls for personal injuries sustained while working at the rig. Ingalls, a Delaware corporation, entered a special appearance pursuant to rule 120a, Texas Rules of Civil Procedure. It also filed a motion claiming to be a nonresident and objecting to the trial court’s exercise of personal jurisdiction over it. The trial court sustained Ingalls’s special appearance for lack of personal jurisdiction, dismissed the case as to Ingalls and severed the cause of action. In one point of error, appellant contends the trial court erred in sustaining the special appearance because the evidence was sufficient to establish the court’s personal jurisdiction over Ingalls. We affirm.

While shoveling heavy loads of mud drilled from the ocean floor, appellant was injured on an Ingall’s designed rig at some unknown location. Appellant alleged the manual shoveling that proximately caused his injury would not have occurred if Ingall’s design had included a “gumbo buster” or some other appropriate device been installed on the mud flow line.

In support of its special appearance and objection to the jurisdiction of the trial court, Ingalls attached the affidavit of Dennis F. Knecht, a vice president of Ingalls, stating that (1) Ingalls is a Delaware corporation with its principal place of business in Pascagoula, Mississippi; (2) Ingalls has never performed shipbuilding or manufacturing activities in Texas; (3) Ingalls has no office or place of business in Texas; (4) Ingalls has no officers, agents, employees, representatives, or directors in Texas; (5) Ingalls does not own or lease any real estate in business Texas; (6) Ingalls does not maintain any bank accounts in Texas; (7) Ingalls does not distribute or market its products in Texas; (8) Ingalls has never been registered or licensed to do business in Texas, has never paid taxes in Texas and, does not maintain an agent for service of process in Texas; (9) all contracts with residents of Texas are executed by Ingalls in Mississippi, are performable in Mississippi and provide for the application of Mississippi law; (10) employees of Ingalls occasionally travel to Texas to perform quality assurance inspections which are necessitated by Ingalls’s contractual obligations with the federal government; (11) Ingalls has advertised for employees in Texas to work in Mississippi; (12) the rig complained of by appellant was manufactured by Ingalls in[*403] 1980 in Mississippi pursuant to a contract with Keyes Offshore, Inc., and delivered to Keyes Offshores, Inc., in Mississippi, and Ingalls had no control of the rig after delivery to Keyes Offshore, Inc. Ingalls stipulated to facts for purposes of the special appearance in the trial court, to wit: (1) Since 1987, Ingalls has purchased goods in excess of $183,000,000.00 in Texas from at least 471 persons and/or companies in Texas; (2) In-galls has purchased $63,368,770.38 in products from Stewart & Stevenson Services, Inc., in Houston since 1987, and has entered into contracts with them for equipment purchases and repairs; (3) Ingalls as purchaser has entered into 303 contracts and/or agreements with Crane Defense Elevator of Con-roe, Texas, since 1987; (4) Ingalls advertised in five periodicals in Texas for employees since 1987; (5) since 1990, Ingalls sold $851,-511.88 worth of scrap metal to Texas companies and all of the scrap metal was delivered at Pascagoula, Mississippi; (6) Ingalls has sent representatives to Texas on at least 204 occasions to inspect financial data and facilities of potential vendors and/or review equipment and material being sold to Ingalls.

Appellant argues that the facts stated in Mr. Knecht’s affidavit and the facts stipulated by Ingalls are sufficient to show In-galls’ “substantial, continuous and systematic contacts” with Texas and allow the court to assert its general jurisdiction over Ingalls. We disagree.

On appeal, the court looks to all the evidence in the record to determine whether defendant negated all bases of personal jurisdiction that the plaintiff alleged. Scott v. Huey L. Cheramie, Inc., 833 S.W.2d 240, 241 (Tex.App. — Houston [14th Dist.] 1992, no writ). The nonresident defendant has the burden of proof to negate all bases of personal jurisdiction. Kawasaki Steel Corp. v. Middleton, 699 S.W.2d 199, 203 (Tex.1985).

In CSR Ltd. v. Link, 925 S.W.2d 591, 595 (Tex.1996), the supreme court reviewed the established law with respect to acquiring personal jurisdiction over a nonresident defendant and stated, in pertinent part:

A defendant’s contacts with a forum can give rise to either general or specific jurisdiction. General jurisdiction is present when a defendant’s contacts are continuous and systematic, permitting the forum to exercise personal jurisdiction over the defendant even if the cause of action did not arise from or relate to activities conducted within the forum state. See Schlobohm v. Schapiro, 784 S.W.2d 355, 357 (Tex.1990). General jurisdiction requires a showing that the defendant conducted substantial activities within the forum, a more demanding minimum contacts analysis than for specific jurisdiction, (citation omitted). In contrast, specific jurisdiction is established if the defendant’s alleged liability arises from or is related to an activity conducted within the forum (citation omitted) (emphasis added).

Id. at 595.

The Texas long-arm statute authorizes the exercise of jurisdiction over nonresidents “doing business” in Texas. Tex. Civ. PRAC. & Rem.Code ANN. § 17.042 (Vernon 1986). Section 17.042 provides:

In addition to other acts that may constitute doing business, a nonresident does business in this state if the nonresident:
(1) contracts by mail or otherwise with a Texas resident and either party is to perform the contract in whole or in part in this state;
(2) commits a tort in whole or in part in this state; or
(3) recruits Texas residents, directly or through an intermediary located in this state, for employment inside or outside this state.

The broad language of the long-arm statute’s doing business requirement permits the statute to reach as far as the federal constitutional requirements of due process will allow. Schlobohm v. Schapiro, 784 S.W.2d 355, 357 (Tex.1990); U-Anchor Advertising, Inc. v. Burt, 553 S.W.2d 760, 762 (Tex.1977). As a result, we consider only whether it is consistent with federal constitutional requirements of due process for Texas courts to assert in personam jurisdiction over Ingalls. See Helicopteros Nacionales de Colombia v. Hall, 466 U.S. 408, 412-14, 104 S.Ct. 1868, 1871-72, 80 L.Ed.2d 404, 410-[*404] 11 (1984); Guardian Royal Exch. v. English China, 815 S.W.2d 223, 226 (Tex.1991).

Federal constitutional requirements of due process limit the power of the state to assert personal jurisdiction over a nonresident defendant. Heli copteros, 466 U.S. at 413-14, 104 S.Ct. at 1872. The United States Supreme Court divides due process requirements into two parts: (1) whether the nonresident defendant has purposely established “minimum contacts” with the forum state; and (2) if so, whether the exercise of jurisdiction comports with “fair play and substantial justice.” Burger King Corp. v. Rudzewicz, 471 U.S. 462, 475-76, 105 S.Ct. 2174, 2183-84, 85 L.Ed.2d 528, 542-43 (1985). See Helicopteros, 466 U.S. at 414, 104 S.Ct. at 1872; Guardian Royal Exch., 815 S.W.2d at 226.

Under the minimum contacts analysis, we must determine whether the nonresident defendant has purposefully availed itself of the privilege of conducting activities within the forum state, thus invoking the benefits and protections of its law. Burger King, 471 U.S. at 474-75, 105 S.Ct. at 2183; Guardian Royal Exch., 815 S.W.2d at 226. This “purposeful availment” requirement ensures that a nonresident defendant will not be haled into a jurisdiction based solely upon “random,” “fortuitous” or “attenuated” contacts or the “unilateral activity of another party or a third person.” Guardian Royal Exch., 815 S.W.2d at 226. Furthermore, individuals must have fair warning that a particular activity may subject them to the jurisdiction of a foreign sovereign. Id.

The exercise of personal jurisdiction is proper when the contacts proximately result from actions of the nonresident defendant which create a substantial connection with the forum state. Id. The substantial connection between the nonresident defendant and the forum state necessary for a finding of minimum contacts must come about by action or conduct of the nonresident defendant purposefully directed toward the forum state. Id. However, “the constitutional touchstone remains whether the [nonresident] defendant purposefully established ‘minimum contacts’ in the forum State.” Id. at 226-27.

Ingalls has no business offices in Texas, has no registered agent for service in Texas, owns no real estate nor pays taxes in Texas, has never been licensed to do business in Texas, does not maintain any bank accounts in Texas, and does not distribute or market its products in Texas. Ingalls sent representatives to companies in Texas when visits were necessitated by contractual obligations to the federal government. Ingalls made numerous purchases of equipment in Texas from various suppliers. In Helicopteros, 466 U.S. at 417, 104 S.Ct. at 1874, the Supreme Court held [citing Rosenberg Bros. & Co. v. Curtis Brown Co., 260 U.S. 516, 43 S.Ct. 170, 67 L.Ed. 372 (1923) ] “that mere purchases, even if occurring at regular intervals, are not enough to warrant a State’s assertion of in personam jurisdiction over a nonresident corporation in a cause of action not related to those purchase transactions.” The court found in Helicópteros, under facts similar to those in this case, that the nonresident’s contacts with Texas were insufficient to satisfy the requirements of the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. After a review of the evidence we fail to find Ingalls had sufficient “minimum contacts” to create a substantial connection with Texas. Guardian Royal Exch., 815 S.W.2d at 226.

Appellant further argues that Ingalls was subject to the court’s jurisdiction because it recruited employees in Texas by advertising in five periodicals. Appellant claims this activity constitutes “doing business” under section 17.042 of the Texas Civil Practices and Remedies Code. Soliciting employees to work in Mississippi is an “isolated or disjointed” activity and could invoke specific jurisdiction if appellant’s cause of action arose out of this particular activity. Schlo-bohm, 784 S.W.2d at 357. Appellant is not employed by Ingalls and there is no evidence that appellant’s cause of action arose out of Ingalls’ advertising. The Eleventh Circuit found that advertising employment opportunities in an Alabama newspaper, for employment outside of the state, did not constitute “purposeful availment of the benefit and protections of Alabama laws.” Johnston v. Frank E. Basil, Inc., 802 F.2d 418, 420 (11th Cir.1986). In Johnston, the nonresident em[*405] ployer did not reside in nor did business in Alabama, had no bank accounts in Alabama, had no customers in Alabama, and did not own or lease any real property in Alabama. Further, the employment contracts were not executed in Alabama and were governed by the law of Saudi Arabia, the place of employment. Id. We find mere advertising of employment opportunities in five Texas periodicals does not constitute purposeful availment of the benefit and protections of Texas laws. Ingalls had no “minimum contacts” with Texas sufficient to invoke the general jurisdiction of Texas courts. Burger King Corp., 471 U.S. at 475, 105 S.Ct. at 2183.

Isolated sales of scrap metal to Texas residents in which delivery was to take place in Mississippi are insufficient to invoke the general jurisdiction of Texas courts. These isolated sales do not constitute “purposeful availment” of the benefits and protection of Texas laws that would establish “minimum contacts” sufficient to invoke general jurisdiction over Ingalls. Burger King Corp., 471 U.S. at 475, 105 S.Ct. at 2183. We overrule appellant’s claim of jurisdiction under this argument.

Finally, appellant argues that the United States District Court for the Southern District of Texas, Houston Division, found In-galls was subject to the jurisdiction of Texas in International Switchboard Corporation v. Ingalls Shipbuilding, Inc., Civil Action No. H-93-3559, slip op. at 8 (U.S. Dist. Ct. S.D. Tex., Houston Div., May 16, 1994, Harmon, J.) (not designated for publication). He contends this order establishes general jurisdiction over Ingalls in Texas courts. We disagree.

The order in International Switchboard Corporation, No. H-93-3559, applies only to the parties in that case; the court found, under the facts of that case, that it had specific jurisdiction over Ingalls because the claims arose out of its contract activities with the plaintiff. Id. at 8. Appellant’s argument that the federal district court order is somehow binding on the issue of general jurisdiction in this case is without merit and is overruled.

As there were no minimum contacts, we need not review the evidence to determine whether the assertion of jurisdiction comports with the notions of fair play and substantial justice. See Burger King Corp., 471 U.S. at 475-76,105 S.Ct. at 2183-84.

Appellant established no facts to. support his allegations that the negligence occurred in Texas. Appellant’s pleadings indicate only that appellant was injured while shoveling mud on an Ingalls’ designed rig at some unknown location. Appellant has the initial burden of pleading sufficient allegations to bring Ingalls within the provisions of the long arm statute. Hotel Partners v. KPMG Peat Marwick, 847 S.W.2d 630, 633 (TexApp. — Dallas 1993, writ denied). If the plaintiff does not establish jurisdiction by pleading the defendant committed an actionable act in Texas, the defendant may negate all potential bases of jurisdiction merely by presenting evidence it is a nonresident. Id. at 634. Ingalls disproved specific jurisdiction with the admission of the Knecht affidavit that averred Ingalls was a foreign corporation and that no conduct of Ingalls in this ease took place in Texas. Id. at 634. We find Ingalls had no minimum contacts with Texas sufficient to invoke the general jurisdiction of Texas and further find appellant alleged no jurisdictional facts to show specific jurisdiction. Accordingly, we overrule appellant’s point of error one and affirm the judgment of the trial court.