Charles Boren v. US Nat'l Bank Associati, 807 F.3d 99 (5th Cir. 2015). · Go Syfert
Charles Boren v. US Nat'l Bank Associati, 807 F.3d 99 (5th Cir. 2015). Cases Citing This Book View Copy Cite
280 citation events (280 in the last 25 years) across 13 distinct courts.
Treatment trajectory · 2016 → 2026 · click a year to view as-of
2016 2021 2026
Top citers, strongest first. 50 distinct citers. How cited ↗
discussed Cited as authority (verbatim quote) Gibbs v. City Of Houston
S.D. Tex. · 2020 · signal: see · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence high
in reviewing summary judgment, we construe all facts and inferences in the light most favorable to the nonmoving party.
discussed Cited as authority (verbatim quote) Moreno v. Wal-Mart Stores Texas, LLC
S.D. Tex. · 2020 · signal: see · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence high
in reviewing summary judgment, we construe all facts and inferences in the light most favorable to the nonmoving party.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Angela Bauer and Robert Bauer v. Select Portfolio Servicing Inc., et al.
N.D. Tex. · 2026 · confidence medium
Bank Ass'n, 807 F.3d 99, 104 (5th Cir. 2015) (citing Tex. Civ.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Alice Byrd v. Nationstar Mortgage, LLC (2×) also: Cited "see"
Tex. App. · 2025 · confidence medium
Bank Ass’n, 807 F.3d 99, 106 (5th Cir. 2015).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) U.S. Bank Trust National Association, as trustee of The Tiki Series IV Trust v. Jerry K. Walden, Jr. a/k/a Jerry K. Walden and Tamatha Walden (2×)
W.D. Tex. · 2025 · confidence medium
Applying Boren v. U.S. Nat’l Bank Ass’n, 807 F.3d 99, 104 (5th Cir. 2015), the Fifth Circuit determined that U.S. Bank had abandoned acceleration by sending the August 13, 2021 notice.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Strange v. U.S. Bank Trust Company, N.A. (2×) also: Cited "see"
S.D. Tex. · 2025 · confidence medium
Bank Ass'n, 807 F.3d 99, 106 (Sth Cir. 2015) (finding “U.S. Bank’s Second Notice of Default,” which informed the mortgagees of the amount needed to bring their loan current and that the bank would accelerate the loan if default was not cured “unequivocally manifested an intent to abandon the previous acceleration”); Clawson v. Ocwen Loan Servicing, LLC, No. 3:18-CV-00080, 2019 WL 1141526 , at *3 (S.D.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Tanyingu v. Lakeview Loan Servicing, LLC
S.D. Tex. · 2025 · confidence medium
In Texas, abandonment has the following elements: “(1) an existing right, benefit, or advantage held by a party; (2) the party’s actual knowledge of its existence; and (3) the party’s actual intent to relinquish the right, or intentional conduct inconsistent with the right.” Boren v. U.S. Nat'l Bank, 807 F.3d 99, 105 (Sth Cir. 2015) (quoting Thompson v. Bank of Am.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) FFGGP Inc v. Deutsche Bank National Trust Company
N.D. Tex. · 2025 · confidence medium
In Texas, abandonment has the following elements: “(1) an existing right, benefit, or advantage held by a party; (2) the party’s actual knowledge of its existence; and (3) the party’s actual intent to relinquish the right, or intentional conduct inconsistent with the right.” Boren v. U.S. Nat’l Bank, 807 F.3d 99, 105 (5th Cir. 2015) (quoting Thompson v. Bank of Am.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) US Bank Trust National v. Walden (2×)
5th Cir. · 2024 · confidence medium
“The acceleration of a note can be abandoned ‘by agreement or other action of the parties.’” Boren v. U.S. Nat’l Bank Ass’n, 807 F.3d 99, 104 (5th Cir. 2015) (quoting Khan v. GBAK Props., Inc., 371 S.W.3d 347, 353 (Tex. App.–Houston [1st Dist.] 2012, no pet.)).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Khyber Holdings, LLC v. U.S. Bank National Association, as Trustee, Successor in Interest to U.S. Bank, National Association, as Trustee Successor by Merger to Lasalle Bank National Association, as Trustee for Merill Lynch Mortgage Investors Trust, Mortgage Loan Asset-Backed CerU.S. Bank National Association, as Trustee, Successor in Interest to U.S. Bank, National Association, as Trustee Successor by Merger to Lasalle Bank National Association, as Trustee for Merrill Lynch Mortgage Investors Trust, Mortgage Loan Asset-Backed
Tex. App. · 2024 · confidence medium
But after it accelerates, the lender can abandon acceleration, and if it does so the abandonment “‘has the effect of restoring the contract to its original condition,’ thereby ‘restoring the note’s original maturity date’ for the purposes of accrual.” Boren v. U.S. Bank Nat’l Ass’n, 807 F.3d 99, 104 (5th Cir. 2015) (quoting Khan v. GBAK Props., 371 S.W.3d 347, 353 (Tex. App.—Houston [1st Dist.] 2012, no pet.)).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Daneshjou v. JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. (2×) also: Cited "see, e.g."
W.D. Tex. · 2024 · confidence medium
Loan Tr., 917 F.3d 831, 835 (5th Cir. 2019) (citing Boren v. U.S. Nat’l Bank Ass’n, 807 F.3d 99, 106 (5th Cir. 2015)).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Morlock, LLC v. Petteway
S.D. Tex. · 2024 · confidence medium
Boren v. U.S. Nat’l Bank Ass’n, 807 F.3d 99, 106 (5th Cir. 2015) (citing G.T.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Kafi, Inc. v. Fairgate Trust
S.D. Tex. · 2024 · confidence medium
Analysis A secured lender must sue for the foreclosure of a real property lien “not later than four years after the day the cause of action accrues.” Boren v. U.S. Nat’l Bank Ass’n, 807 F.3d 99, 104 (5th Cir. 2015) (quoting TEX.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Diggs v. DITECH FINANCIAL LLC
Bankr. S.D.N.Y. · 2024 · confidence medium
Under Texas law, “a lender may unilaterally abandon acceleration of a note, thereby restoring the note to its original condition . . . by sending notice to the borrower that the lender is no longer seeking to collect the full balance of the loan and will permit the borrower to cure its default by providing sufficient payment to bring the note current under its original terms.” Boren v. U.S. Nat’l Bank Ass’n, 807 F.3d 99, 105 (5th Cir. 2015); see also Cross v. Bank of New York Mellon, No. H-20-1322, 2021 WL 2581584 , at *7 (S.D.
cited Cited as authority (rule) PNC Bank v. Ruiz
5th Cir. · 2023 · confidence medium
Bank Ass’n., 807 F.3d 99, 104 (5th Cir. 2015) (quoting Tex. Civ.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Paula Sue Wenstrom (2×) also: Cited "see, e.g."
Bankr. N.D. Tex. · 2023 · confidence medium
Tex. June 29, 2020) (quoting Leonard II, 616 F. App’x at 680 (5th Cir. 2015)). 91 Boren, 807 F.3d at 106 (holding that while sending a notice of rescission is a “best practice” for a lender seeking to effectuate its abandonment, it does not preclude other methods by which a lender may abandon or waive its acceleration of the debt); Hollenshead, 2020 WL 4615096 , at *12 (“a formal notice of rescission is not the exclusive means for abandoning acceleration”). 92 Hollenshead, 2020 WL 4615096 , at *12 (quoting Bracken v. Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., No. 05-16-01334-CV, 2018 WL 1026268 , at *3…
cited Cited as authority (rule) Okpa v. Select Portfolio Servicing
5th Cir. · 2022 · confidence medium
Boren v. U.S. Nat’l Bank Ass’n, 807 F.3d 99, 105 (5th Cir. 2015).
cited Cited as authority (rule) U.S. Bank v. Lamell
5th Cir. · 2022 · confidence medium
Boren v. U.S. Nat’l Bank Ass’n, 807 F.3d 99, 106 (5th Cir. 2015).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Cross v. Bank of New York Mellon
5th Cir. · 2022 · confidence medium
The district court also correctly found that “Shellpoint effectively decelerated [Cross’s] loan on February 14, 2020, thus resetting the clock on limitations before they ran on March 12, 2020.” In Texas, “a lender may unilaterally abandon acceleration of a note,” thereby restoring the original maturity date and resetting the running of limitations, “by sending notice to the borrower that the lender is no longer seeking to collect the full balance of the loan and will permit the borrower to cure its default by providing sufficient payment to bring the note current under its original…
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Haenelt v. Carrington Mortgage Services, LLC
S.D. Tex. · 2022 · confidence medium
The Fifth Circuit has held that “a lender may unilaterally abandon acceleration of a note” in the manner Carrington did here: “by sending notice to the borrower that the lender is no longer seeking to collect the full balance of the loan and will permit the borrower to cure its default by providing sufficient payment to bring the note current under its original terms.” Boren v. U.S. Nat'l Bank Ass’n, 807 F.3d 99, 105 (Sth Cir. 2015).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Young v. Select Portfolio (2×) also: Cited "see"
5th Cir. · 2021 · confidence medium
“The acceleration of a note can be abandoned ‘by agreement or other action of the parties.’” Boren v. U.S. Nat’l Bank Ass’n, 807 F.3d 99, 104 (5th Cir. 2015) (quoting Khan v. GBAK Props., 371 S.W.3d 347, 353 (Tex. Ct. App. 2012)).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Suniverse v. Encore Credit
5th Cir. · 2021 · confidence medium
Bank Ass’n, 807 F.3d 99, 106 (5th Cir. 2015).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Ledford v. Keen
5th Cir. · 2021 · confidence medium
Boren v. U.S. Nat’l Bank Ass’n, 807 F.3d 99, 105 (5th Cir. 2015).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Okpa v. Select Portfolio Servicing Inc
N.D. Tex. · 2021 · confidence medium
Boren v. United States National Bank Association, 807 F.3d 99, 106 (5th Cir. 2015).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Deutsche Bank v. Castrellon
5th Cir. · 2021 · confidence medium
Under Texas law, “a secured lender “must bring suit for . . . the foreclosure of a real property lien not later than four years after the day the cause of action accrues.” Boren v. U.S. Nat’l Bank Ass’n, 807 F.3d 99, 104 (5th Cir. 2015) (citing TEX.
examined Cited as authority (rule) U.S Bank N.A., as Trustee v. Morris (3×) also: Cited "see"
W.D. Tex. · 2021 · confidence medium
Boren v. U.S. Nat’l Bank Ass’n, 807 F.3d 99, 104 (5th Cir. 2015).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Davis v. Ocwen Loan Servicing
5th Cir. · 2021 · confidence medium
Bank Ass’n, 807 F.3d 99, 105-06 (5th Cir. 2015).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Colbert v. Wells Fargo Bank
5th Cir. · 2021 · confidence medium
Boren v. United States Nat’l Bank Ass’n, 807 F.3d 99, 104 (5th Cir. 2015).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Willbern v. Bayview Loan Servicing
5th Cir. · 2021 · confidence medium
Bank Ass’n, 807 F.3d 99, 103 (5th Cir. 2015).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Laffoon v. Bank of N.Y.
N.M. Ct. App. · 2020 · confidence medium
For example, Defendant relies on Boren v. U.S. National Bank Ass’n, 807 F.3d 99, 103 (5th Cir. 2015) as an example of unilateral action by the mortgage holder that was found to be evidence of “an intent to abandon the previous acceleration.” Id. at 106 .
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Pittman v. U.S. Bank NA
E.D. Tex. · 2020 · confidence medium
But Plaintiff has not identified any case law supporting a requirement of particular “cure language.” Instead, the issue turns exclusively on whether Defendants notified Plaintiff they “no longer sought to collect the full balance of the loan and w[ould have] permit[ted] [Plaintiff] to cure [her] default by providing sufficient payment to bring the note current under its original terms.” Boren v. U.S. Nat’l Bank, 807 F.3d 99, 105 (5th Cir. 2015).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Juarez v. Wells Fargo Bank, N.A.
W.D. Tex. · 2020 · confidence medium
Boren v. U.S. Nat’l Bank Ass’n, 807 F.3d 99, 106 (5th Cir. 2015).
examined Cited as authority (rule) U.S Bank N.A., as Trustee v. Morris (3×) also: Cited "see"
W.D. Tex. · 2020 · confidence medium
Boren v. U.S. Nat’l Bank Ass’n, 807 F.3d 99, 104 (5th Cir. 2015).
examined Cited as authority (rule) MTGLQ Investors, L.P. v. Walden, Jr (3×) also: Cited "see"
W.D. Tex. · 2020 · confidence medium
Boren v. U.S. Nat’l Bank Ass’n, 807 F.3d 99, 104 (5th Cir. 2015).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Ouabderhm v. The Money Source, Inc.
S.D. Tex. · 2020 · confidence medium
“The acceleration of a note can be abandoned ‘by agreement or other action of the parties.’” Boren v. U.S. Nat’l Bank Ass’n, 807 F.3d 99, 104 (5th Cir. 2015) (citing Khan v. GBAK Props., 371 S.W.3d 347, 353 (Tex. App.—Houston [1st Dist.] 2012, no pet.)).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Elaine Huckaby v. HSBC Bank USA, N.A.
5th Cir. · 2020 · confidence medium
CODE ANN. §§ 16.035, 16.038. 3 See Boren v. U.S. Nat’l Bank Ass’n, 807 F.3d 99, 104 (5th Cir. 2015) (“‘Abandonment of acceleration has the effect of restoring the contract to its original condition,’ thereby ‘restoring the note’s original maturity date’ for purposes of accrual.” (quoting Khan v. GBAK Props., Inc., 371 S.W.3d 347, 353 (Tex. App.—Houston [1st Dist.] 2012, no pet.))). 2 Case: 19-50816 Document: 00515483347 Page: 3 Date Filed: 07/09/2020 No. 19-50816 contractual right to foreclose and the [loan] was in fact in default.” 4 This fact remains true “irrespect…
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Smith v. JPMC Specialty Mortgage LLC (2×) also: Cited "see"
N.D. Tex. · 2020 · confidence medium
Bank Ass’n, 807 F.3d 99, 105 (5th Cir. 2015).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Daniels v. Regions Bank d/b/a Regions Mortgage
N.D. Tex. · 2020 · confidence medium
Bank Ass’n, 807 F.3d 99, 104 (5th Cir. 2015), the case has not become moot because Plaintiff has not demonstrated that it is “absolutely clear” that the alleged wrongful behavior could not reasonably be expected to recur.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Ankus, L.L.C. v. Wells Fargo Bank, N.A.
S.D. Tex. · 2020 · confidence medium
“The acceleration may be abandoned, either by the lender’s unilateral actions or by agreement, in which case a new limitations period will begin to run when the lender exercises its option to re-accelerate the note.” Calderon v. Bank of New York Mellon, 791 F. App’x 453 , 456 (5th Cir. 2019) (citing Boren v. U.S. Nat’l Bank Ass’n, 807 F.3d 99, 106 (5th Cir. 2015)).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Alberetta Williams v. Deutsche Bank National Trust Company
W.D. Tex. · 2020 · confidence medium
Boren v. U.S. Nat’l Bank Ass’n, 807 F.3d 99, 106 (5th Cir. 2015).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Jefferson v. Wilmington Savings Fund Society, FSB
W.D. Tex. · 2020 · confidence medium
See id. at 566-67 ; Boren v. U.S. Nat’l Bank Ass’n, 807 F.3d 99, 104 (5th Cir. 2015). “‘Abandonment of acceleration has the effect of restoring the contract to its original condition,’ thereby ‘restoring the note’s original maturity date’ for purposes of accrual.” Boren, 807 F.3d at 104 (quoting Khan v. GBAK Props., Inc., 371 S.W.3d 347, 353 (Tex. App.—Houston [1st Dist.] 2012, no pet.)).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Nancy Calderon v. Bank of New York Mellon
5th Cir. · 2019 · confidence medium
Boren v. U.S. Nat’l Bank Ass’n, 807 F.3d 99, 106 (5th Cir. 2015); Holy Cross, 44 S.W.3d at 566–67. “[T]he request for payment of less than the full obligation—after initially accelerating the entire obligation—[is] an unequivocal expression of the bank’s intent to abandon or waive its initial acceleration.” Martin v. Fed.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) U.S Bank N.A., as Trustee v. Morris (2×) also: Cited "see"
W.D. Tex. · 2019 · confidence medium
Bank Ass’n, 807 F.3d 99, 104 (5th Cir. 2015) (citing TEX.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) the Bank of New York Mellon v. Sonia Riley and Floyd Riley
Tex. App. · 2019 · confidence medium
Id. § 16.038(e); Pitts, 2018 WL 6716933 , at *3 (noting that lienholder “may do so through other conduct that is inconsistent with acceleration of the note”); see also Holy Cross, 44 S.W.3d at 566–67 (explaining that a noteholder “can abandon acceleration if the holder continues to accept payments without exacting any remedies available to it upon declared maturity”); Boren v. U.S. Nat’l Bank Ass’n, 807 F.3d 99, 106 (5th Cir. 2015) (asserting that subsequent notices of default stating the lienholder would accelerate the note conclusively established the abandonment of the first …
discussed Cited as authority (rule) John Marsh v. U.S. Bank, N.A. (2×) also: Cited "see"
5th Cir. · 2019 · confidence medium
See, e.g., DeFranceschi v. Seterus, Inc., 731 F. App’x 309 , 311 (5th Cir. 2018); Boren v. U.S. Nat’l Bank Ass’n, 807 F.3d 99, 105 (5th Cir. 2015); Wolf 44 S.W.3d at 566–57.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Candido Alvarado v. Citibank, N.A.
5th Cir. · 2019 · confidence medium
“Under Texas law, a secured lender ‘must bring suit for . . . the foreclosure of a real property lien not later than four years after the day the cause of action accrues.’” Boren v. U.S. Nat’l Bank Ass’n, 807 F.3d 99, 104 (5th Cir. 2015) (alteration in original) (quoting TEX.
examined Cited as authority (rule) U.S. Bank National Association, as Trustee v. Lightner (3×) also: Cited "see"
S.D. Tex. · 2019 · confidence medium
Bank Ass'n, 807 F.3d 99, 104 (quoting Khan v. GBAK Props., 371 S.W.3d 347, 353 (Tex. App.—Houston [1st Dist.] 2012, no pet.)).
examined Cited as authority (rule) Gaya Holman v. Nationstar Mortgage, L.L.C. (3×) also: Cited "see", Cited "see, e.g."
5th Cir. · 2019 · confidence medium
A noteholder may unilaterally abandon acceleration after its exercise “when it ‘put[s] the debtor on notice of its abandonment . . . by requesting payment on less than the full amount of the loan.’” Boren v. U.S. Nat’l Bank Ass’n, 807 F.3d 99, 106 (5th Cir. 2015) (alteration and omission in original) (quoting Leonard v. Ocwen Loan Servicing, L.L.C., 616 Fed.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Gordon M Swoboda v. Ocwen Loan Servicing, LLC And U.S. Bank National Association, as Trustee
Tex. App. · 2019 · confidence medium
This rule originates from an “Erie guess” that the “Texas Supreme Court would likely hold that a lender may unilaterally abandon acceleration of a note . . . by sending notice to the borrower that the lender is no longer seeking to collect the full balance of the loan and will permit the borrower to cure its default by providing sufficient payment to bring the note current under its original terms.” See Boren v. U.S. Nat’l Bank Ass’n, 807 F.3d 99, 105 (5th Cir. 2015).
Retrieving the full opinion text from the archive…
Charles BOREN; Cyndi Boren, Plaintiffs-Appellants
v.
U.S. NATIONAL BANK ASSOCIATION, Defendant-Appellee
14-20718.
Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit.
Oct 26, 2015.
807 F.3d 99
Lennon C. Wright, Houston (argued), TX, for Plaintiffs-Appellants., Bradley Eugene McLain (argued), Jeremy Jason Overbey, Esq., Settlepou, Dallas, TX, for Defendant-Appellee.
Stewart, Jolly, Graves.
Cited by 101 opinions  |  Unpublished  |  Private Civil Diversity
JAMES E. GRAVES, JR., Circuit Judge:

This case concerns a mortgage-foreclosure dispute arising under Texas state law. The sole issue on appeal is whether the four-year statute of limitations period provided under Texas Civil Practice and Remedies Code § 16.035(a), within which time a lender must bring suit for the foreclosure of real property under a real property lien, bars Defendant-Appellee U.S. National Bank Association’s (“U.S. Bank” or “bank”) counterclaim for judicial foreclosure of Plaintiffs-Appellants Charles and Cyndi Boren’s (the “Borens”) home. The district court granted summary judgment for the bank. For the following reasons, we AFFIRM.

BACKGROUND

In 2005, the Borens obtained a home equity note for the principal amount of $640,000.00 (the “Note”). The Note was payable to Homel23 Corporation (“Homel23”) and was secured by a home equity security instrument, thus granting Homel23 a security interest in the Borens’ home (the “Deed of Trust”). Both the Note and the Deed of Trust contained acceleration clauses, empowering the lender with an option to accelerate the full balance of the loan in the event of a default.

In 2008, Homel23 assigned the Note and Deed of Trust to U.S. Bank as trustee for C-Bass Mortgage Loan Asset-Backed certificates, Series 2007-RP1. In February 2009, the Borens failed to make their required monthly payment under the Note. As a result, in March 2009, U.S. Bank sent a letter to the Borens, which notified them that they were delinquent in the amount of $11,044.04 and provided them with 45 days to cure their default or face acceleration of the loan (the “First Notice of Default”). On May 8, 2009, after the Borens failed to cure this default, U.S. Bank sent another notice informing the Borens that it had “elected to ACCELERATE the maturity of the DEBT” (the “First Notice of Acceleration”).

On June 5, 2009, less than one month after the First Notice of Acceleration was sent, U.S. Bank applied under Texas Rule of Civil Procedure 736 (“Rule 736”) for an order allowing it to proceed with an expedited nonjudicial foreclosure. The Borens responded by filing a separate petition contesting U.S. Bank’s right to foreclose thereby triggering automatic dismissal of U.S. Bank’s application. [1] The Borens subsequently dismissed their petition without prejudice.

A pattern emerged based on this sequence of events. U.S. Bank filed three[*103] additional Rule 736 applications after its first application was dismissed. Each time the bank filed an application under Rule 736, however, the Borens filed a petition contesting the bank’s right to foreclose, thereby triggering dismissal of the bank’s proceeding. U.S. Bank did not elect to file a counterclaim seeking foreclosure in response to the Borens’ petitions and the Borens nonsuited their petitions without prejudice each time U.S. Bank’s Rule 736 application was dismissed. During this period, the Borens failed to make any additional payments on the Note.

During the course of these proceedings, U.S. Bank sent two additional notices of default and two additional notices of acceleration to the Borens. By letter dated May 20, 2010, after U.S. Bank’s second Rule 736 application was dismissed, U.S. Bank sent a second notice to the Borens informing them that they remained in default on their loan (the “Second Notice of Default”). The Second Notice of Default stated that “the total amount necessary to bring [the Boren’s] loan current [was] $74,313.28,” which was an amount less than the fully accelerated balance of the loan. In addition, the Second Notice of Default stated that if the Borens did not cure their “default within forty five (45) days ... [the loan servicer would] accelerate the maturity of date of the Note and declare all outstanding amounts under the Note immediately due and payable.” On September 1, 2010, after the Borens failed to make further payments, U.S. Bank sent a Second Notice of Acceleration informing the Borens that the maturity date of the Note had been accelerated.

On November 24, 2012, after U.S. Bank’s third Rule 736 application was dismissed, U.S. Bank sent the Borens another notice of default (the “Third Notice of Default”). Like the Second Notice of Default, the Third Notice of Default indicated the total amount necessary to bring the loan current was less than the full balance of the loan. The Third Notice of Default also stated that the Borens had one month to cure their default or face acceleration. On February 23, 2013, after the Borens failed to make additional payments, U.S. Bank served a Third Notice of Acceleration to the Borens informing them that “the maturity date of the Note [had been] accelerated.”

On May 23, 2013, U.S. Bank filed a fourth Rule 736 application, prompting the Borens to file a petition yet again, contesting U.S. Bank’s right to foreclose. This time, however, the Borens’ petition sought a declaratory judgment that U.S. Bank’s right to foreclose was barred by the four-year statute of limitations period provided under Texas Civil Practice and Remedies Code § 16.035. On July 24, 2013, U.S. Bank dismissed their pending Rule 736 application without prejudice and removed the Borens’ petition to federal district court. On the same day, U.S. Bank filed an answer in response to the Borens’ petition, interposing a counterclaim for judicial foreclosure.

After issue was joined, both parties filed motions for summary judgment. The district court referred the parties’ motion to the magistrate judge assigned to the case, who recommended that summary judgment be granted for U.S. Bank. The district court adopted the magistrate judge’s recommendation holding, U.S. Bank, “through its actions, abandoned its previous acceleration of the debt,” and the statute of limitations, therefore, did not bar foreclosure. The district court then entered an order of judicial foreclosure entitling U.S. Bank to foreclose on the Borens’ property. This appeal followed.

STANDARD OF REVIEW

We review a district court’s grant of summary judgment de novo. [*104] Young v. Equifax Credit Info. Servs., Inc., 294 F.3d 631, 635 (5th Cir.2002). Summary judgment is appropriate “if the mov-ant shows that there is no genuine dispute as to any material fact and the movant is entitled to judgment as a matter of law.” Fed.R.Civ.P. 56(a). In reviewing summary judgment, we construe all facts and- inferences in the light most favorable to the nonmoving party. Canal Ins. Co. v. Coleman, 625 F.3d 244, 247 (5th Cir.2010) (citing Murray v. Earle, 405 F.3d 278, 284 (5th Cir.2005)).

DISCUSSION

Under Texas law, a secured lender “must bring suit for ... the foreclosure of a real property lien not later than four years after the day the cause of action accrues.” Tex. Civ. Prac. and Rem.Code § 16.035(a). Whereas here, “a note or obligation [is] payable in installments [and] is secured by a real property lien, the four-year limitations period does not begin to run until the maturity date of the last note, obligation, or installment.” EMC Mortg. Corp. v. Window Box Ass’n, Inc., 264 S.W.3d 331, 335 (Tex.Ct.App.2008). “If a note or deed of trust secured by real property contains an optional acceleration clause,” however, the action accrues “when the holder actually exercises its option to accelerate.” Holy Cross Church of God in Christ v. Wolf, 44 S.W.3d 562, 566 (Tex. 2001). To exercise this option, the holder must send “both a notice of intent to accelerate and a notice of acceleration.” EMC Mortg. Corp., 264 S.W.3d at 335-36. “Both notices must be ‘clear and unequivocal.’ ” Id. (quoting Wolf, 44 S.W.3d at 566).

The acceleration of a note can be abandoned “by agreement or other action of the parties.” Khan v. GBAK Props., 371 S.W.3d 347, 353 (Tex.Ct.App.2012). In addition, “a holder can abandon acceleration if the holder continues to accept payments without exacting any remedies available to it upon declared maturity.” Wolf, 44 S.W.3d at 566-67. “Abandonment of acceleration has the effect of restoring the contract to its original condition,” thereby “restoring the note’s original maturity date” for purposes of accrual. Khan, 371 S.W.3d at 353 (citations omitted).

U.S. Bank initially triggered § 16.035(a)’s four-year statute of limitations when it provided the Borens with notice of its intent to accelerate and then notice of its acceleration in May 2009. It did not file a counterclaim for judicial foreclosure until more than four years later. As a result, if the applicable accrual date for the statute of limitations period is the date that U.S. Bank sent its First Notice of Acceleration, the bank’s judicial foreclosure claim is time barred.

U.S. Bank argues, however, that it abandoned its initial acceleration of the Note when it sent the Second Notice of Default in May 2010. The Second Notice of Default stated that the Borens could bring their loan current by submitting the amount of their past due monthly payments — rather than the full balance of the loan — and provided that the bank would accelerate the loan if the Borens failed to cure this arrearage within forty-five days. According to U.S. Bank, by sending this notice, it restored the Note to its original terms and the statute of limitations did not begin to run again until it sent a subsequent notice of acceleration following the Borens’ failure to submit any payments.

“Where,' as here, the proper resolution of the case turns on the interpretation of Texas law, we are bound to apply Texas law as interpreted by the state’s highest court.” Am. Int’l Specialty Lines Ins. Co. v. Rentech Steel LLC, 620 F.3d 558, 564 (5th Cir.2010) (internal quo[*105] tations and alterations omitted). Because the Texas Supreme Court has not decided whether a lender may abandon its acceleration of a loan by its own unilateral actions and, if so, what actions it must take to effect abandonment, we must make an “Erie guess” as to how the Court would resolve this issue. Id. The Texas Supreme Court would likely hold that a lender may unilaterally abandon acceleration of a note, thereby restoring the note to its original condition, in the manner that U.S. Bank did in this case: by sending notice to the borrower that the lender is no longer seeking to collect the full balance of the loan and will permit the borrower to cure its default by providing sufficient payment to bring the note current under its original terms.

As an initial matter, Texas’ intermediate appellate courts are in agreement that the holder of a note may unilaterally abandon acceleration after its exercise, so longs as the borrower neither objects to abandonment nor has detrimentally relied on the acceleration. See Swoboda v. Wilshire Credit Corp., 975 S.W.2d 770, 776-77 (Tex.Ct.App.1998) (“[I]f a creditor exercises the option to accelerate and makes a declaration to that effect, the election to accelerate can be revoked or withdrawn at any time, so long as the debtor has not detrimentally relied on the acceleration.”), disapproved of on other grounds by Wolf, 44 S.W.3d at 570; Dallas Joint Stock Land Bank v. King, 167 S.W.2d 245, 247 (Tex.Ct.App.1942) (“[A]fter a note has been declared all due under a provision giving the holder the option to do so, [the holder may] waive or rescind such action so as to reinstate the note and make it payable again according to its original terms.”); Manes v. Bletsch, 239 S.W. 307, 308 (Tex.Ct.App.1922) (“Appellant contends that, having already exercised his option, the same was irrevocable. This may be true as against the will of the payer, but, where the payer is not objecting to the recall of such option, we can see no reason why the payee could not revoke the same as well as not to have exercised it in the beginning.”); see also Leonard v. Ocwen Loan Serv., L.L.C., 616 Fed.Appx. 677, 680 (5th Cir.2015) (per curiam) (unpublished) (“[TJhere is authority clearly establishing that the lender’s ... action constituting abandonment of acceleration can be unilateral.”) (quotations and citation omitted). Further, the Borens do not argue that a lender may not unilaterally abandon acceleration. Accordingly, the only issue in dispute is whether the Second Notice of Default that U.S. Bank sent was sufficient to constitute its abandonment.

Texas courts have framed the issue of abandonment of acceleration by reference to traditional principles of waiver. See Denbina v. City of Hurst, 516 S.W.2d 460, 463 (Tex.Civ.App.1974) (explaining that a holder may “waive the exercise of the option” to accelerate a note after it “already exercised its option”); Dallas Joint Stock Land Bank, 167 S.W.2d at 247 (holding that a lender may “waive or rescind” its option to accelerate after exercising it); see also Khan, 371 S.W.3d at 354 n. 1 (explaining that “the case law simultaneously refers to both waiver and abandonment,” while the Texas Supreme Court recently adopted the terminology “abandonment of acceleration”). Under Texas law, the elements of waiver include:

(1) an existing right, benefit, or advantage held by a party; (2) the party’s actual knowledge of its existence; and (3) the party’s actual intent to relinquish the right, or intentional conduct inconsistent with the right.

Thompson v. Bank of America Nat. Ass’n, 783 F.3d 1022, 1025 (5th Cir.2015) (quoting Ulico Cas. Co. v. Allied Pilots Ass’n, 262 S.W.3d 773, 778 (Tex.2008) (internal quota[*106] tion marks omitted)). Waiver ... can occur either expressly, through a clear repudiation of the right, or impliedly, through conduct inconsistent -with a claim to the right.” G.T. Leach Builders, LLC v. Sapphire V.P., LP, 458 S.W.3d 502, 511 (Tex.2015). Waiver is a question of law when the facts that are relevant to a party’s relinquishment of an existing right are undisputed. Id.

A lender waives its earlier acceleration when it “put[s] the debtor on notice' of its abandonment ... by requesting payment on less than the full amount of the loan.” Leonard v. Ocwen Loan Servicing, L.L.C., 616 Fed.Appx. 677, 680 (5th Cir.2015) (per curiam) (unpublished). U.S. Bank’s Second Notice of Default informed the Borens that the total amount necessary to bring their loan current was the amount due under the original terms of the Note and that the bank would accelerate the maturity date of the loan if the Borens failed to pay this amount. This notice unequivocally manifested an intent to abandon the previous acceleration and provided the Borens with an opportunity to avoid foreclosure if they cured their arrearage. As a result, the statute of limitations period under § 16.035(a) ceased to run at that point and a new limitations period did not begin to accrue until the Borens defaulted again and U.S. Bank exercised its right to accelerate thereafter.

Finally, we note that after the parties filed their briefs in this appeal; the Texas Legislature enacted a new statute entitled “Rescission or Waiver of Accelerated Maturity Date.” The new statute states:

If the maturity date of ... a note ... payable in installments is accelerated, and the accelerated maturity date is rescinded or.waived in accordance with this section before the limitations period expires, the acceleration is deemed rescinded and waived and the note ... shall be governed by Section 16.035 as if no acceleration had occurred.

Tex. Crv. Prac. AND Rem.Code § 16.038(a). The statute provides that waiver of acceleration will be effective if the lender serves written notice of its waiver by first class or certified mail. See id. at § 16.038(b)-(c). The statute also provides that “[a] notice served under this section does not affect a lienholder’s right to accelerate the maturity date of the debt in the future nor does it waive past defaults.” Id. at § 16.038(d). Moreover, the statute states:

This section does not create an exclusive method for waiver and rescission of acceleration or affect the accrual of a cause of action and the running of the related limitations period under Section 16.035(e) on any subsequent maturity date, accelerated or otherwise, of the note or obligation or series of notes or obligations.

Id. at § 16.038(e).

The new statute provides a specific mechanism by which a lender can waive its earlier acceleration. The statute does not, however, create an exclusive method for abandoning or waiving acceleration. Instead, the statute is better construed as a “best practice” for a lender seeking to effectuate its abandonment. For purposes of this case, we do not need to determine whether the statute applies retroactively. Even if the statute were to apply retroactively, it does not prohibit the earlier methods by which a lender may abandon or waive its acceleration of the debt.

CONCLUSION

For the foregoing reasons, the judgment of the district court is AFFIRMED.

1

. When U.S. Bank first sought nonjudicial foreclosure of the Borens’ loan in 2009, a Rule 736 proceeding was subject to automatic dismissal if a "respondent ... filed a petition contesting the right to foreclose in a district court in the county where the application is pending.” Huston v. U.S. Bank Nat. Ass’n, 359 S.W.3d 679, 680 n. 2 (Tex.Ct.App.2011) (quoting Tex.R. Civ. P. 736(10)). Texas Rule of Civil Procedure 736 was amended in 2012, but the same automatic stay and dismissal procedures remain in effect. See Tex.R. Civ. P. 736.11.