Rodolfo Garcia-Jaramillo v. Immigr. & Naturalization Serv., 604 F.2d 1236 (9th Cir. 1979). · Go Syfert
Rodolfo Garcia-Jaramillo v. Immigr. & Naturalization Serv., 604 F.2d 1236 (9th Cir. 1979). Cases Citing This Book View Copy Cite
57 citation events (6 in the last 25 years) across 8 distinct courts.
Strongest positive: Montes-Lopez v. Holder (ca9, 2012-09-18)
Treatment trajectory · 1980 → 2026 · click a year to view as-of
1980 2003 2026
Top citers, strongest first. 27 distinct citers. How cited ↗
cited Cited as authority (rule) Montes-Lopez v. Holder
9th Cir. · 2012 · confidence medium
Garcia-Jaramillo v. INS, 604 F.2d 1236, 1239 (9th Cir.1979).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Amir Reza Katkhordeh
8th Cir. · 2007 · confidence medium
Relying on Garcia-Jaramillo v. INS, 604 F.2d 1236, 1238 (9th Cir. 1979), he argues that “valid marriages entered into by parties not intending to live together as husband and wife are not recognized for immigration purposes.” Adams v. Howerton, 673 F.2d 1036, 1040 (9th Cir. 1982).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Amir Reza Katkhordeh
8th Cir. · 2007 · confidence medium
Relying on Garcia-Jaramillo v. INS, 604 F.2d 1236, 1238 (9th Cir. 1979), he argues that “valid marriages entered into by parties not intending to live together as husband and wife are not recognized for immigration purposes.” Adams v. Howerton, 673 F.2d 1036, 1040 (9th Cir.1982).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Zendejas-Gonzalez v. Ashcroft
9th Cir. · 2002 · confidence medium
Cf. United States v. Muro-Inclan, 249 F.3d 1180, 1185-86 (9th Cir.) (concluding that even if alien could show a due process violation, he would also have to show prejudice, and denying relief because he could not make the showing of extreme hardship), cert. denied, — U.S. —, 122 S.Ct. 180 , 151 L.Ed.2d 125 (2001); Garcia-Jaramillo v. INS, 604 F.2d 1236, 1239 (9th Cir.1979) (rejecting ineffective assistance of counsel claim because alien failed to show prejudice).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Kaivan Sharifzadeh-Fahraji v. Immigration & Naturalization Service
9th Cir. · 1994 · confidence medium
Garcia-Jaramillo v. INS, 604 F.2d 1236, 1239 (9th Cir.1979), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 828 (1980); see also Matter of Santos, 19 I & N Dec. 105 (BIA 1986) (alien must demonstrate prejudice by violation of procedural rule or regulation before deportation proceeding will be invalidated).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Jeoung Ok Lee, AKA Jeoung Ok Christian v. Immigration & Naturalization Service (2×) also: Cited "see, e.g."
9th Cir. · 1993 · confidence medium
II. 9 "In determining the sufficiency of the evidence [for finding a marriage to be fraudulent], judicial review is limited to whether the findings of the immigration judge are supported by 'reasonable, substantial, and probative evidence.' " Garcia-Jaramillo v. INS, 604 F.2d 1236, 1238 (9th Cir.1979), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 828 (1980); see also Hernandez-Robledo v. INS, 777 F.2d 536, 539 (9th Cir.1985). 10 Denial of relief from deportation pursuant to 8 U.S.C. § 1251 (a)(1)(H), like other "forgiveness provisions," is subject to review for an abuse of discretion.
cited Cited as authority (rule) Wlodzimierz Chmielewski v. United States Immigration and Naturalization Service
9th Cir. · 1993 · confidence medium
Diaz-Escobar v. INS, 782 F.2d 1488, 1494 (9th Cir.1986); Garcia-Jaramillo v. INS, 604 F.2d 1236, 1239 (9th Cir.1979), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 828 (1980).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Roman Horbacz v. United States Immigration and Naturalization Service
9th Cir. · 1993 · confidence medium
Diaz-Escobar v. INS, 782 F.2d 1488, 1494 (9th Cir.1986); Garcia-Jaramillo v. INS, 604 F.2d 1236, 1239 (9th Cir.1979), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 828 (1980). 16 Horbacz has failed to show how the alleged errors prejudiced him.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Wladyslaw Mroczka v. United States Immigration and Naturalization Service
9th Cir. · 1993 · confidence medium
See Diaz-Escobar, 782 F.2d at 1494 ; Garcia-Jaramillo v. INS, 604 F.2d 1236, 1239 (9th Cir.1979), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 828 (1980). 19 PETITION FOR REVIEW DENIED. * The panel unanimously finds this case suitable for decision without oral argument.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Marek Niburski v. Immigration and Naturalization Service
9th Cir. · 1993 · confidence medium
II Due Process Claims A. Evidence in the Record 11 Niburski contends that he was denied due process because the IJ failed to consider evidence presented at the hearing. 12 In a deportation hearing, an alien is entitled to the fifth amendment guaranty of due process, which is satisfied only by a "full and fair hearing." Mohsseni Behbahani v. INS, 796 F.2d 249, 250-51 (9th Cir.1986); Garcia-Jaramillo v. INS, 604 F.2d 1236, 1239 (9th Cir.1979).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Miroslaw Jabkiewicz v. Immigration and Naturalization Service (2×) also: Cited "see"
9th Cir. · 1993 · confidence medium
Mohsseni Behbahani v. INS, 796 F.2d 249, 250-51 (9th Cir.1986); Garcia-Jaramillo v. INS, 604 F.2d 1236, 1239 (9th Cir.1979).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Henry Figiel, AKA Henryk Figiel v. United States Immigration and Naturalization Service
9th Cir. · 1993 · confidence medium
This contention lacks merit. 17 In a deportation hearing, an alien is entitled to the fifth amendment guaranty of due process, which is satisfied only by a "full and fair hearing." Mohsseni Behbahani v. INS, 796 F.2d 249, 250-51 (9th Cir.1986); Garcia-Jaramillo v. INS, 604 F.2d 1236, 1239 (9th Cir.1979).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Jacek Sulecki v. United States Immigration and Naturalization Service
9th Cir. · 1993 · confidence medium
III Due Process Claims A. Evidence in the Record 13 Sulecki contends that he was denied due process because the IJ failed to consider evidence presented at the hearing. 14 In a deportation hearing, an alien is entitled to the fifth amendment guaranty of due process, which is satisfied only by a "full and fair hearing." Mohsseni Behbahani v. INS, 796 F.2d 249, 250-51 (9th Cir.1986); Garcia-Jaramillo v. INS, 604 F.2d 1236, 1239 (9th Cir.1979).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Zdzislaw Czerwionka v. Immigration and Naturalization Service
9th Cir. · 1993 · confidence medium
Diaz-Escobar v. INS, 782 F.2d 1488, 1494 (9th Cir.1986); Garcia-Jaramillo v. INS, 604 F.2d 1236, 1239 (9th Cir.1979), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 828 (1980).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Miroslaw Marehewka v. United States Immigration and Naturalization Service
9th Cir. · 1993 · confidence medium
These contentions lack merit. 10 In a deportation hearing, an alien is entitled to the fifth amendment guaranty of due process, which is satisfied only by a "full and fair hearing." Mohsseni Behbahani v. INS, 796 F.2d 249, 250-51 (9th Cir.1986); Garcia-Jaramillo v. INS, 604 F.2d 1236, 1239 (9th Cir.1979), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 828 (1980).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Dariusz Kaminski v. United States Immigration and Naturalization Service
9th Cir. · 1993 · confidence medium
See Berroteran-Melendez v. INS, 955 F.2d 1251, 1258 (9th Cir.1992). 3 III Due Process Claims A. Evidence in the Record 14 Kaminski contends that he was denied due process because the IJ mischaracterized evidence presented at the hearing. 15 In a deportation hearing, an alien is entitled to the fifth amendment guaranty of due process, which is satisfied only by a "full and fair hearing." Mohsseni Behbahani v. INS, 796 F.2d 249, 250-51 (9th Cir.1986); Garcia-Jaramillo v. INS, 604 F.2d 1236, 1239 (9th Cir.1979).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Lech Auriga v. United States Immigration and Naturalization Service (2×) also: Cited "see"
9th Cir. · 1993 · confidence medium
These contentions lack merit. 6 In a deportation hearing, an alien is entitled to the Fifth Amendment guaranty of due process, which is satisfied only by a "full and fair hearing." Mohsseni Behbahni v. INS, 796 F.2d 249, 250-51 (9th Cir.1986); Garcia-Jaramillo v. INS, 604 F.2d 1236, 1239 (9th Cir.1979).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Oscar Alberto Canas Cuadras v. United States Immigration and Naturalization Service (2×)
9th Cir. · 1990 · confidence medium
Cuadras's Motion to Remand. 42 Cuadras contends that the IJ's refusal to grant Cuadras's motions to remand to the BHRHA and to compel attendance of witnesses and/or response to interrogatories deprived him of a full and fair hearing. 43 In a deportation hearing, an alien is entitled to the fifth amendment guaranty of due process, which is satisfied only by a "full and fair hearing." Mohsseni Behbahani v. INS, 796 F.2d 249, 250-51 (9th Cir.1986); Garcia-Jaramillo v. INS, 604 F.2d 1236, 1239 (9th Cir.1979), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 828 , 101 S.Ct. 94 , 66 L.Ed.2d 32 (1980).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Pawan Kumar v. U.S. Immigration and Naturalization Service
9th Cir. · 1989 · confidence medium
A fair hearing is deemed to be denied "only if the thing complained of causes the alien to suffer some prejudice." Garcia-Jaramillo v. INS, 604 F.2d 1236, 1239 (9th Cir.1979), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 828 (1980).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Perez-Olbera v. Immigration & Naturalization Service
D. Nev. · 1987 · confidence medium
Mohsseni Behbahani v. INS, 796 F.2d 249, 251 ; GarciaJaramillia v. INS, 604 F.2d 1236, 1239 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 828 (1980) and Nicholas v. INS, 590 F.2d 802, 809 (9th Cir.1979)).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Alaa Abdulkarim Mohsseni Behbahani v. Immigration and Naturalization Service
9th Cir. · 1985 · confidence medium
Garcia-Jaramillo v. INS, 604 F.2d 1236, 1239 (9th Cir.1979), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 828 , 101 S.Ct. 94 , 66 L.Ed.2d 32 (1980); Nicholas v. INS, 590 F.2d 802, 809 (9th Cir.1979).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Hurn Bu Roe v. Immigration & Naturalization Service
9th Cir. · 1985 · confidence medium
Garcia-Jaramillo v. INS, 604 F.2d 1236, 1238 (9th Cir.1979), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 828 , 101 S.Ct. 94 , 66 L.Ed.2d 32 (1980).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Adams v. Howerton
9th Cir. · 1982 · confidence medium
Garcia-Jaramillo v. INS, 604 F.2d 1236, 1238 (9th Cir. 1979), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 828 , 101 S.Ct. 94 , 66 L.Ed.2d 32 (1980); Voliantis v. INS, 352 F.2d 766 (9th Cir. 1965).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Adams v. Howerton
9th Cir. · 1982 · confidence medium
Garcia-Jaramillo v. INS, 604 F.2d 1236, 1238 (9th Cir. 1979), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 828 , 101 S.Ct. 94 , 66 L.Ed.2d 32 (1980); Voliantis v. INS, 352 F.2d 766 (9th Cir. 1965).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Miguel Tejeda-Mata v. Immigration and Naturalization Service (2×)
9th Cir. · 1980 · confidence medium
Woodby v. Immigration and Naturalization Service, 385 U.S. 276, 282 , 87 S.Ct. 483, 486 , 17 L.Ed.2d 362 (1966); Garcia-Jaramillo v. Immigration and Naturalization Service, 604 F.2d 1236, 1238 (9th Cir. 1979); Lavoie v. Immigration and Naturalization Service, 418 F.2d 732, 735 (9th Cir. 1969); Cordon de Ruano v. Immigration and Naturalization Service, 554 F.2d 944, 947 (9th Cir. 1977); Trias-Hernandez v. Immigration and Naturalization Service, 528 F.2d at 370 ; 8 U.S.C. § 1105a(a)(4).
cited Cited "see" Mussa Ali Aliyan v. Immigration & Naturalization Service
9th Cir. · 1994 · signal: see · confidence high
See Garcia-Jaramillo v. INS, 604 F.2d 1236, 1239 (9th Cir.1979), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 828 (1980).
discussed Cited "see" G
unknown court · 1993 · signal: see · confidence high
See generally Garcia-Jaramillo v. INS, 604 F.2d 1236, 1238-39 (9th Cir. 1979), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 828 (1980); Matter of Santos, 19 I&N Dec. 105 (BIA 22 1n an affidavit submitted for the first time on appeal, the attorney who was apprised of this communication admitted that she did not know the identity of the person to whom she had spoken. 780 Interim Decision #3215 1984).
Retrieving the full opinion text from the archive…
Rodolfo GARCIA-JARAMILLO, Petitioner,
v.
IMMIGRATION AND NATURALIZATION SERVICE, Respondent
78-3347.
Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit.
Sep 24, 1979.
604 F.2d 1236
1979 U.S. App. LEXIS 11668
Frederick L. Hetter, II (argued), San Diego, Cal., for petitioner., Margaret J. Perry, Atty., Dept, of Justice, Washington, D. C., for respondent.
Choy, Tang, Renfrew.
Cited by 37 opinions  |  Published
TANG, Circuit Judge:

Garcia-Jaramillo (“Garcia”) seeks review of a BIA decision finding him deportable as an alien excludable at the time of entry, 8 U.S.C. § 1251(a). The BIA affirmed the decision of the immigration judge who found Garcia excludable for (1) wilfully withholding critical information concerning his purported marriage to an American citizen [8 U.S.C. § 1182(a)(19)]; (2) procuring an invalid immediate relative visa by means of a sham marriage [8 U.S.C. § 1182(a)(20)] and (3) entering without a valid labor certificate [8 U.S.C. § 1182(a)(14)]. On appeal Garcia alleges that the evidence was insufficient to prove a sham marriage; that testimony by his former wife contained privileged communications; and that he was denied a fair and impartial hearing.

[*1238] FACTS

On March 27, 1973, Garcia, a native and citizen of Mexico, married a native and citizen of the United States. They separated on August 1, 1973, never having resided as man and wife. Garcia was granted an immigrant visa on August 3, 1973 and classified a spouse of a U.S. citizen. The parties were divorced February 26, 1976. On May 17, 1977, after a hearing, an immigration judge ordered Garcia deported on the grounds that his marriage was a sham from its inception and entered into solely for immigration purposes.

DISCUSSION

(1) Sufficiency of Evidence of a Sham Marriage

Initially, Garcia urges that it is irrelevant whether his marriage was a sham since he and his wife freely entered into a valid, legal marriage in Las Cruces, New Mexico. The argument is frivolous. It is within the authority of the INS to make inquiry into the marriage to the extent necessary to determine if it was entered for the purpose of evading the immigration laws. Bark v. INS, 511 F.2d 1200 (9th Cir. 1975). A marriage is a sham “if the bride and groom did not intend to establish a. life together at the time they were married.” Id. at 1201. Conduct and lifestyle before and after marriage is relevant to the extent it aids in determining the intent of the parties at the time they were married. Id.

In determining the sufficiency of the evidence, judicial review is limited to whether the findings of the immigration judge are supported by “reasonable, substantial and probative evidence.” Whetstone v. INS, 561 F.2d 1303, 1306 (9th Cir. 1977); 8 U.S.C. § 1105a(a)(4); see also Woodby v. INS, 385 U.S. 276, 282, 87 S.Ct. 483, 17 L.Ed.2d 362 (1966).

Here, there was substantial evidence that the marriage was a sham. Garcia’s former wife testified that Garcia approached her three months before marriage and offered to pay her $200.00 to marry him and help arrange for a resident passport. He told her they would not have to live together and he would later get a divorce. She testified he gave her approximately $150.00 and that she lived with her roommate both before and after her marriage. The testimony of the roommate corroborated her testimony. There is ample evidence to support the findings that Garcia agreed to pay his wife to marry him and to terminate the marriage upon obtaining immigration papers.

Garcia disputes his former wife’s testimony. However, the immigration judge discredited Garcia’s testimony which is conflicting and incredible. The judge’s credibility determination rests on reasonable, substantial and probative evidence and this Court will not overturn the evaluation. Espinoza Ojeda v. INS, 419 F.2d 183, 186 (9th Cir. 1969).

(2) Privileged Communications

Garcia asserts his wife was incompetent to testify against him. In Volianitis v. INS, 352 F.2d 766 (9th Cir. 1965), this Circuit ruled that the marital privilege applies in a deportation proceeding. However, once the parties are divorced, the privilege extends and is limited only to confidential communications during marriage.

Garcia’s counsel never raised the marital privilege at the hearing and therefore waived it. Moreover, the incriminating portions of his wife’s testimony were not privileged under Volianitis. Her testimony at the hearing was after her divorce. She revealed conversations with Garcia that occurred before they married and she told about their sexual conduct after marriage. Neither conversations before marriage nor testimony concerning the existence or lack of sexual relations between former spouses is privileged after divorce. The immigration judge did admit a written statement made by Garcia’s wife prior to their divorce which would have been privileged in its entirety. However, its admission was harmless since the written statement was essentially a summary of her more extensive testimony before the immigration judge after her divorce and which did not involve confidential communications.

[*1239] (3) Due Process Arguments

In a deportation hearing, an alien is entitled to the guaranty of due process which is satisfied only by a full and fair hearing. Wong Yang Sung v. McGrath, 339 U.S. 33, 49-51, 70 S.Ct. 445, 94 L.Ed. 616 (1950); Ramirez v. INS, 550 F.2d 560, 563 (9th Cir. 1977). Such a hearing is denied only if the thing complained of causes the alien to suffer some prejudice. Nicholas v. INS, 590 F.2d 802 (9th Cir. 1979). Garcia raises several issues in his brief which, in sum, question his having had a full and fair hearing.

Garcia urges that he was denied a fair hearing because testimony was received that he was a homosexual before, during and after his marriage. The record does not support Garcia’s allegation that he was asked an inordinate number of questions concerning homosexuality. Even if we were to assume the testimony was improper, it was not prejudicial. Aside from such testimony, the immigration judge’s finding of a decision to marry solely to evade the immigration laws rests on substantial, probative and reasonable evidence.

Garcia also contends that the failure of the Government to depose two persons, Guibert Lobato and Luis Medrano, was a denial of due process. Lobato was a government investigator who took a written statement from Medrano. The immigration judge afforded no weight to Medrano’s statement in making his decision. Garcia could not have been prejudiced by the inability to cross-examine these persons when their testimony was never considered by the immigration judge.

Finally, Garcia’s appellate counsel asserts that counsel at the deportation hearings was incompetent since there was failure to protect confidential marital communications and to subpoena Medrano for cross-examination. We have already determined that the former wife’s testimony, given after divorce, was not privileged. The written statement before divorce was privileged but its admission was harmless because the evidence was cumulative. The failure to subpoena Medrano was not prejudicial since the immigration judge did not rely on Me-drano’s written statement.

The order of deportation is affirmed.