Ramon Miro Martinez v. Compania Trasatlantica Espanola, S.A., & Third Party v. Int'l Shipping Agency, Third Party, 643 F.2d 897 (1st Cir. 1981). · Go Syfert
Ramon Miro Martinez v. Compania Trasatlantica Espanola, S.A., & Third Party v. Int'l Shipping Agency, Third Party, 643 F.2d 897 (1st Cir. 1981). Cases Citing This Book View Copy Cite
8 citation events across 3 distinct courts.
Strongest positive: Marjorie Marie Valedon Martinez v. Hospital Presbiteriano De La Comunidad, Inc. (ca1, 1986-12-17)
Top citers, strongest first. 4 distinct citers. How cited ↗
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Marjorie Marie Valedon Martinez v. Hospital Presbiteriano De La Comunidad, Inc.
1st Cir. · 1986 · confidence medium
Although appellant argues that retroactive application of Oliveros is inappropriate, appellant has failed to overcome the strong presumption in favor of retroactive application which we enunciated in Miro Martinez v. Compania Transatlantica Espanola, 643 F.2d 897, 898-99 (1st Cir.1981).
cited Cited "see" Mercedes Santiago-Hodge v. Parke Davis & Company
1st Cir. · 1988 · signal: see · confidence high
See Miró Martínez v. Compañía Transatlántica Española, S.A., 643 F.2d 897 (1st Cir.1981); García v. Friesecke, 597 F.2d 284 (1st Cir.1979).
cited Cited "see" Ramirez Pomales v. Becton Dickinson & Co., SA
D.P.R. · 1986 · signal: see · confidence high
See Miro Martinez v. Compañía Transatlantica Española, S.A., 643 F.2d 897 (1st Cir.1981); Garcia v. Friesecke, 597 F.2d 284 (1st Cir.1979).
discussed Cited "see" George N. Vanterpool, Marjorie Vanterpool, His Wife v. Hess Oil V.I. Corp.
3rd Cir. · 1985 · signal: see · confidence high
See Martinez v. Companía Trasatlantica Espanola S.A., 643 F.2d 897 (1st Cir.1981) (in longshoreman’s suit for injury against shipowner, shipowner was immune from suit and entitled to benefit of exclusive remedy provision, even though compensation premium was paid by the stevedore); Garcia v. Friesecke, 597 F.2d 284 (1st Cir.), cert. denied, 444 U.S. 940 , 100 S.Ct. 292 , 62 L.Ed.2d 306 (1979) (same). 13 We therefore conclude that the borrowed employee doctrine, as articulated and applied by the Musick court, may be encompassed within the statutory framework of the Virgin Islands Act.
Retrieving the full opinion text from the archive…
Ramon MIRO MARTINEZ, Plaintiff, Appellant,
v.
COMPANIA TRASATLANTICA ESPANOLA, S.A., Et Al., Defendants and Third Party Plaintiffs, Appellees, v. INTERNATIONAL SHIPPING AGENCY, Third Party Defendant, Appellee
80-1548.
Court of Appeals for the First Circuit.
Mar 13, 1981.
643 F.2d 897
1981 U.S. App. LEXIS 19261
Carmen F. Arrieta Gimenez, Puerto Nuevo, P. R., with whom Arrieta & Vizcarrondo, Puerto Nuevo, P. R., was on brief, for plaintiff, appellant., Jorge Bermudez Torregrosa, Hato Rey, P. R., with whom Hartzell, Ydrach, Mellado, Santiago & Perez, Hato Rey, P. R., was on brief, for appellee Compañía Trasatlántica Española., Alex Gonzalez, San Juan, P. R., with whom Dubon, Gonzalez & Vazquez, San Juan, P. R., was on brief, for third party defendant, appellee International Shipping Agency.
Campbell, Bownes, Breyer.
Cited by 8 opinions  |  Published
PER CURIAM.

Plaintiff worked as a longshoreman for an independent stevedoring contractor. He was injured while working on defendant’s vessel. The stevedoring contractor was insured under Puerto Rico’s workmen’s compensation law, 11 L.P.R.A. § 1 et seq., and the district court found that plaintiff “received benefits thereunder on account of the injuries sustained”. Plaintiff then brought suit against the shipowner and its insurer, alleging unseaworthiness and negligence.

It is clear under Puerto Rico law that once an employer insures his workmen under the Puerto Rico workmen’s compensation system that remedy is exclusive; the employee has no other remedy against his employer. 11 L.P.R.A. § 21. In 1970 this court held that a shipowner was not an “employer”, within the meaning of the workmen’s compensation statute, of one who works for an insured independent contractor; thus, the shipowner could be sued. Colon Nunez v. Horn-Linie, 423 F.2d 952 (1st Cir. 1970). In 1977, however, the Puerto Rico Supreme Court, in a persuasive opinion, Lugo Sanchez v. Puerto Rico Water Resources Authority, 105 D.P.R. 861 (1977), ruled that we had erroneously interpreted Puerto Rico law. It held that the Puerto Rico statute was not intended to deprive the shipowner (or prime contractor) of his immunity simply because he successfully encourages his independent contractor to pay the workmen’s compensation premium. Thus, whether or not the longshoreman is technically employed by an independent contractor, the shipowner (or prime contractor) is also an “employer” within the terms of the workmen’s compensation law, and its “exclusive remedy” provision applies to him as well. We followed this decision in the later case of Alonso Garcia v. Friesecke, 597 F.2d 284 (1st Cir.), cert. denied, 444 U.S. 940, 100 S.Ct. 292, 62 L.Ed.2d 306 (1979) — a decision identical in all material respects to this one. We held that an injured longshoreman, working for an independent contractor insured under Puerto Rico’s workmen’s compensation law, cannot sue the owner of the vessel.

Plaintiff agrees that if Lugo Sanchez governs this case, his action must be dismissed. He argues, however, that since his claim was pending in court when that case was decided, he should be allowed to recover; in his view Lugo Sanchez should be applied only prospectively. The question of prospective application of a Commonwealth decision is itself a matter of Commonwealth law. See, e. g., Samuels v. Doctors Hospital, Inc., 588 F.2d 485, 488-89 (5th Cir. 1979).

We find no indication that Lugo Sanchez was meant to apply only prospectively. For one thing, the Puerto Rico Supreme Court in Lugo Sanchez itself obvi[*899] ously applied the rule to- events that took place before the case was decided. For another thing, federal district courts in Puerto Rico, whose opinions on matters of Puerto Rico law are entitled to considerable weight, [1] have applied Lugo Sanchez retroactively. See, e. g., Emilio Vera Rodriguez v. Hamburg Amerika Linie, Civil No. 75-1301 (D.P.R.1980). We too applied the rule of Lugo Sanchez retroactively in Friesecke. Moreover, it is normal practice for rules of decision in cases to apply retroactively. Prospective application is reserved for unusual cases where a significant change in the law is accompanied by administrative considerations or unusual reliance upon the prior law which make retroactive application impractical or unjust. See Chevron Oil Co. v. Huson, 404 U.S. 97, 105-09, 92 S.Ct. 349, 354-57, 30 L.Ed.2d 296 (1971); Aufiero v. Clarke, 639 F.2d 49 (1st Cir. 1981). No such considerations militate against retroactive application here. There is no reason to believe that plaintiff, or others in similar circumstances, would have acted differently had the rule in Lugo Sanchez always been the law. Plaintiff argues that Lugo Sanchez deprives him of what he previously believed to be his rights. But such is always true as to one side or the other whenever a case changes what was formerly considered to be the law. We therefore agree with the district court that Lugo Sanchez applies retroactively and bars plaintiff’s action.

Affirmed.

1

. E. g., Gual Morales v. Hernandez Vega, 604 F.2d 730, 732 (1st Cir. 1979).