Floyd WARD, Appellant, v. Margaret HECKLER, Sec'y, Health & Human Servs., Appellee, 786 F.2d 844 (8th Cir. 1986). · Go Syfert
Floyd WARD, Appellant, v. Margaret HECKLER, Sec'y, Health & Human Servs., Appellee, 786 F.2d 844 (8th Cir. 1986). Cases Citing This Book View Copy Cite
115 citation events (26 in the last 25 years) across 15 distinct courts.
Strongest positive: Garnet Morse v. Donna E. Shalala, 1 Secretary of Health and Human Services of the United States (ca8, 1994-04-05)
Treatment trajectory · 1986 → 2026 · click a year to view as-of
1986 2006 2026
Top citers, strongest first. 50 distinct citers. How cited ↗
examined Cited as authority (verbatim quote) Garnet Morse v. Donna E. Shalala, 1 Secretary of Health and Human Services of the United States (3×) also: Cited as authority (rule)
8th Cir. · 1994 · signal: see also · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence high
the alj rejects dr. davis's findings regarding the degree of ms. morse's impairments.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Doski v. Social Security Administration
M.D. Tenn. · 2022 · confidence medium
The remaining errors Doski has identified do not materially change the meaning of Doski’s testimony or “interfere with comprehension of the testimony to an extent that would hinder fair review.” Williams, 289 F.3d at 558 (quoting Ward v. Heckler, 786 F.2d 844, 848 (8th Cir. 1986)).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Edington v. Saul
E.D. Mo. · 2020 · confidence medium
In the case cited by Plaintiff, Cox _v. Barnhart, the Eighth Circuit wrote “conclusory statements by a doctor, if unsupported by the medical record, do not bind the ALJ in his disability determination.” 345 F.3d at 608 (citing Ward v. Heckler, 786 F.2d 844, 846 (8th Cir.1986)).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) White v. Colvin (2×)
E.D. Mo. · 2015 · confidence medium
ALJ cannot accept or reject subjective complaints solely on the basis of personal observations, see Ward v. Heckler, 786 F.2d 844, 847-48 (8th Cir.1986), an ALj’s observations of a claimant’s appearance and demeanor during the hearing is a consideration, see Steed v. Astrue, 524 F.3d 872, 876 (8th Cir.2008) (holding that an ALJ “is in the best position” to assess credibility because he is able to observe a claimant during his testimony).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Spillers v. Colvin
S.D. Iowa · 2014 · confidence medium
Ward v. Heckler, 786 F.2d 844, 846 (8th Cir.1986), citing Brand v. Secretary of Department of HEW, 623 F.2d 523, 527-28 (8th Cir.1980).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Nishke v. Astrue
E.D. Mo. · 2012 · confidence medium
See Rogers v. Chater, 118 F.3d 600, 602 (8th Cir.1997); Ward v. Heckler, 786 F.2d 844, 846 (8th Cir.1986).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Bauer v. Social Security Administration
D. Minnesota · 2010 · confidence medium
See, Rogers v. Chater, 118 F.3d 600, 602 (8th Cir.1997); Barrett v. Shalala, supra at 1023; Ward v. Heckler, 786 F.2d 844, 846-47 (8th Cir.1986); cf., Ghant v. Bowen, 930 F.2d 633, 639 (8th Cir.1991), citing Kirby v. Sullivan, 923 F.2d 1323, 1328 (8th Cir.1991).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Rosa v. Astrue
E.D. Mo. · 2010 · confidence medium
Ward v. Heckler, 786 F.2d 844, 846 (8th Cir.1986) (per curiam) ("Even statements made by a claimant's treating physician regarding the existence of a disability have been held to be properly discounted in favor of the contrary medical opinion of a consulting physician where the treating physician's statements were conclusory in nature.").
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Branson v. Astrue
E.D. Mo. · 2010 · confidence medium
While an ALJ cannot accept or reject subjective complaints solely on the basis of personal observations, Ward v. Heckler, 786 F.2d 844, 847-48 (8th Cir.1986), an ALJ's observations of a claimant's appearance and demeanor during the hearing is a consideration.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) GRBA-CRAGHEAD v. Astrue
E.D. Mo. · 2009 · confidence medium
Ward v. Heckler, 786 F.2d 844, 846 (8th Cir.1986) (per curiam) ("Even statements made by a claimant's treating physician regarding the existence of a disability have been held to be properly discounted in favor of the contrary medical opinion of a consulting physician where the treating physician's statements were conclusory in nature.").
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Walton v. Astrue
E.D. Mo. · 2009 · confidence medium
Ward v. Heckler, 786 F.2d 844, 846 (8th Cir.1986) (per curiam) ("Even statements made by a claimant's treating physician regarding the existence of a disability have been held to be properly discounted in favor of the contrary medical opinion of a consulting physician where the treating physician's statements were conclusory in nature.").
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Letson v. Astrue (2×)
E.D. Mo. · 2009 · confidence medium
Ward v. Heckler, 786 F.2d 844, 846 (8th Cir.1986) ("Even statements made by a claimant's treating physician regarding the existence of a disability have been held to be properly discounted in favor of the contrary medical opinion of a consulting physician where the treating physician's statements were conclusory in nature.").
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Russell v. Astrue
D. Minnesota · 2009 · confidence medium
See, Rogers v. Chater, 118 F.3d 600, 602 (8th Cir.1997); Pena v. Chater, supra at 908; Chant v. Bowen, 930 F.2d 633, 639 (8th Cir.1991); Kirby v. Sullivan, 923 F.2d 1323, 1328 (8th Cir.1991); Ward v. Heckler, 786 F.2d 844, 846 (8th Cir.1986).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Brace v. Astrue
N.D. Iowa · 2008 · confidence medium
Additionally, the letters provided by Dr. Lederman which state Brace is “not employable” and “medically disabled” are simply conclusory in nature and unsupported by the medical evidence. 21 See Cox v. Barnhart, 345 F.3d 606, 608 (8th Cir.2003) (“The ALJ is correct in stating that conclusory statements by a doctor, if unsupported by the medical record, do not bind the ALJ in his disability determination.”); Ward v. Heckler, 786 F.2d 844, 846 (8th Cir.1986) (per curiam) (“Even statements made by a claimant’s treating physician regarding the existence of a disability have been hel…
discussed Cited as authority (rule) McJAMES v. Barnhart
E.D. Mo. · 2005 · confidence medium
Cf. Anderson v. Barnhart, 344 F.3d 809, 813 (8th Cir.2003) (noting deference afforded to a more thorough assessment of a one-time consulting physician than a treating physician); Ward v. Heckler, 786 F.2d 844, 846-47 (8th Cir.1986) (per curiam) (holding that a treating physician's conclusory opinions warranted less deference than the "detailed and thorough" reports of two consulting physicians).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Sandra Cox v. Jo Anne B. Barnhart
8th Cir. · 2003 · confidence medium
Ward v. Heckler, 786 F.2d 844, 846 (8th Cir. 1986) (per curiam) (“Even statements made by a claimant’s treating physician regarding the existence of 1 The five part test is as follows: 1) whether the claimant is currently employed; 2) whether the claimant is severely impaired; 3) whether the impairment is, or is comparable to, a listed impairment; 4) whether the claimant can perform past relevant work; and if not, 5) whether the claimant can perform any other kind of work.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Sandra Cox v. Jo Anne B. Barnhart, Commissioner, Social Security Administration
8th Cir. · 2003 · confidence medium
Ward v. Heckler, 786 F.2d 844, 846 (8th Cir.1986) (per curiam) (“Even statements made by a claimant’s treating physician regarding the existence of a disability have been held to be properly discounted in favor of the contrary medical opinion of a consulting physician where the treating physician’s statements were conclusory in nature.”).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Bettye Williams v. Jo Anne B. Barnhart
8th Cir. · 2002 · confidence medium
The remaining omissions are small gaps in the transcript that do not "interfere with comprehension of the testimony to an extent that would hinder fair review." Ward v. Heckler, 786 F.2d 844, 848 (8th Cir. 1986) (per curiam).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Bettye Williams v. Jo Anne B. Barnhart, 1 Commissioner, Social Security Administration
8th Cir. · 2002 · confidence medium
The remaining omissions are small gaps in the transcript that do not “interfere with comprehension of the testimony to an extent that would hinder fair review.” Ward v. Heckler, 786 F.2d 844, 848 (8th Cir.1986) (per curiam).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Flaherty v. Halter
D. Minnesota · 2001 · confidence medium
See, Rogers v. Chater, 118 F.3d 600, 602 (8th Cir.1997); Pena v. Chater, supra at 908; Chant v. Bowen, 930 F.2d 633, 639 (8th Cir.1991); Kirby v. Sullivan, supra at 1328; Ward v. Heckler, 786 F.2d 844, 846 (8th Cir.1986).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) James Cantrell v. Kenneth S. Apfel, Commissioner, Social Security Administration
8th Cir. · 2000 · confidence medium
See Prosch, 201 F.3d at 1013-14 ; Ward v. Heckler, 786 F.2d 844, 846-47 (8th Cir.1986) (per curiam) (holding that a treating physician’s conclusory opinions warranted less deference than the “detailed and thorough” reports of two consulting physicians).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) James Cantrell v. Kenneth S. Apfel
8th Cir. · 2000 · confidence medium
See Prosch, 201 F.3d at 1013 - 14; Ward v. Heckler, 786 F.2d 844, 846-47 (8th Cir. 1986) (per curiam) (holding that a treating physician’s conclusory opinions warranted less deference than the “detailed and thorough” reports of two consulting physicians).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Sandra C. Bergmann, 1 v. Kenneth S. Apfel, Commissioner of Social Security
8th Cir. · 2000 · confidence medium
It is well-settled that a treating physician’s opinion is entitled to substantial weight “unless it is unsupported by medically acceptable clinical or diagnostic data.” Kirby v. Sullivan, 923 F.2d 1323, 1328 (8th Cir.1991); (citing Ward v. Heckler, 786 F.2d 844, 846 (8th Cir.1986)); 02 see also Jenkins, 196 F.3d at 924-25 ; Ghant, 930 F.2d at 639 ; McGhee v. Harris, 683 F.2d 256, 259 (8th Cir.1982).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Pettijohn v. Apfel
D.S.D. · 2000 · confidence medium
The opinion of a treating physician is entitled to great weight, Chamberlain v. Shalala, 47 F.3d 1489, 1494 (8th Cir.1995) (citing Ward v. Heckler, 786 F.2d 844, 846 (8th Cir.1986)), although such opinion is not conclusive. [¶ 4] “Under the relevant statute, ‘disability’ is defined as the ‘inability to engage in any substantial gainful activity by reason of any medically determinable physical or mental impairment ... which has lasted or can be expected to last for a continuous period of not less than 12 months.’ See 42 U.S.C. § 423 (d)(1)(A); see also 20 C.F.R. § 404.1505 (a). ‘…
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Allen R. Prosch v. Kenneth S. Apfel, Commissioner of Social Security (2×)
8th Cir. · 2000 · confidence medium
Moreover, an ALJ may credit other medical evaluations over that of the treating physician when such other assessments "are supported by better or more thorough medical evidence." Rogers, 118 F.3d at 602 ; see also Pena v. Chater, 76 F.3d 906, 908 (8th Cir. 1996); Ward v. Heckler, 786 F.2d 844, 846-47 (8th Cir. 1986). 12 Here, Dr. Crowe's opinion conflicted with the medical assessments of every other physician of record, all of whom concluded that Prosch was able to perform work activities beyond those required to perform sedentary work.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Allen R. Prosch v. Kenneth S. Apfel
8th Cir. · 2000 · confidence medium
Moreover, an ALJ may credit other medical evaluations over that of the treating physician when such other assessments “are supported by better or more thorough medical evidence.” Rogers, 118 F.3d at 602 ; see also Pena v. Chater, 76 F.3d 906, 908 (8th Cir. 1996); Ward v. Heckler, 786 F.2d 844, 846-47 (8th Cir. 1986).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Rhodes v. Apfel (2×)
E.D. Mo. · 1999 · confidence medium
See Metz, 49 F.3d at 377 (physician's conclusory statement without supporting evidence does not amount to substantial evidence of disability); Woolf, 3 F.3d at 1213-14 (physician's opinion may be discounted when based only on claimant's subjective complaints of pain and there is no testing or objective medical evidence to support opinion); Ward v. Heckler, 786 F.2d 844, 846 (8th Cir.1986) (per curiam) (physician's opinion must be supported by medically acceptable clinical or diagnostic data).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Dornack v. Apfel (2×)
D. Minnesota · 1999 · confidence medium
See, Ghant v. Bowen, 930 F.2d 633, 639 (8th Cir.1991); Kirby v. Sullivan, supra; Ward v. Heckler, 786 F.2d 844, 846 (8th Cir. 1986).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Cripe v. Apfel
N.D. Iowa · 1998 · confidence medium
Rogers v. Chater, 118 F.3d 600, 602 (8th Cir.1997)(footnote omitted)(citing Ward v. Heckler, 786 F.2d 844, 846 (8th Cir.1986)).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Branson v. Callahan
N.D. Iowa · 1998 · confidence medium
Ward v. Heckler, 786 F.2d 844, 846 (8th Cir.1986).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Walters v. Apfel
E.D. Mo. · 1998 · confidence medium
Ward v. Heckler, 786 F.2d 844, 846 (8th Cir.1986).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Delores ROGERS, Appellant, v. Shirley CHATER, Commissioner of the Social Security Administration, Appellee
8th Cir. · 1997 · confidence medium
Ward v. Heckler, 786 F.2d 844, 846 (8th Cir.1986).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Delores Rogers v. Shirley Chater
8th Cir. · 1997 · confidence medium
Ward v. Heckler, 786 F.2d 844, 846 (8th Cir. 1986).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Hinkle v. Callahan
W.D. Mo. · 1997 · confidence medium
Ward v. Heckler, 786 F.2d 844, 846 (8th Cir.1986) (per curiam).
cited Cited as authority (rule) William Meeks v. Shirley S. Chater, Commissioner of the Social Security Administration
8th Cir. · 1997 · confidence medium
Ward v. Heckler, 786 F.2d 844, 846 (8th Cir.1986) (per curiam).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Louis Wright v. Shirley S. Chater, Commissioner of the Social Security Administration
8th Cir. · 1997 · confidence medium
Ward v. Heckler, 786 F.2d 844, 846 (8th Cir.1986) (per curiam).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Louis Wright v. Shirley S. Chater
8th Cir. · 1997 · confidence medium
Ward v. Heckler, 786 F.2d 844, 846 (8th Cir. 1986) (per curiam).
cited Cited as authority (rule) William Meeks v. Shirley S. Chater
8th Cir. · 1997 · confidence medium
Ward v. Heckler, 786 F.2d 844, 846 (8th Cir. 1986) (per curiam).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Maurice R. WILSON, Appellant, v. Shirley S. CHATER, Commissioner of the Social Security Administration, Appellee
8th Cir. · 1996 · confidence medium
Although the opinion of a treating physician is entitled to great weight, Chamberlain v. Shalala, 47 F.3d 1489, 1494 (8th Cir.1995) (citing Ward v. Heckler, 786 F.2d 844, 846 (8th Cir.1986)), such an opinion is not conclusive and must be supported by medically acceptable clinical or diagnostic data.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Maurice Wilson v. Shirley S. Chater
8th Cir. · 1996 · confidence medium
Although the opinion of a treating physician is entitled to great weight, Chamberlain v. Shalala, 47 F.3d 1489, 1494 (8th Cir. 1995) (citing Ward v. Heckler, 786 F.2d 844, 846 (8th Cir. 1986)), such an opinion is not conclusive and must be supported by medically acceptable clinical or diagnostic data.
cited Cited as authority (rule) Leona Cady v. Shirley S. Chater, Commissioner of the Social Security Administration
8th Cir. · 1995 · confidence medium
Chamberlain v. Shalala, 47 F.3d 1489, 1494 (8th Cir.1995); Matthews v. Bowen, 879 F.2d 422, 424 (8th Cir.1989) (citing Ward v. Heckler, 786 F.2d 844, 846 (8th Cir.1986)).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Leona Cady v. Shirley Chater
8th Cir. · 1995 · confidence medium
Chamberlain v. Shalala, 47 F.3d 1489, 1494 (8th Cir. 1995); Matthews v. Bowen, 879 F.2d 422, 424 (8th Cir. 1989) (citing Ward v. Heckler, 786 F.2d 844, 846 (8th Cir. 1986)).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Darrel METZ, Appellant, v. Donna E. SHALALA, Secretary of the Department of Health and Human Services, Appellee
8th Cir. · 1995 · confidence medium
Ward v. Heckler, 786 F.2d 844, 846 (8th Cir.1986).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Halpin v. Sullivan
E.D. Mo. · 1992 · confidence medium
Ward v. Heckler, 786 F.2d 844, 846 (8th Cir.1986); Waudby v. Bowen, 713 F.Supp. 325, 330 (W.D.Mo. 1989).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Darrell E. NELSON, Appellant, v. Louis SULLIVAN, Secretary of Health and Human Services, Appellee
8th Cir. · 1992 · confidence medium
Browning, 958 F.2d at 823 (citing Ward v. Heckler, 786 F.2d 844, 846 (8th Cir.1986)).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Jones v. Sullivan
W.D. Mo. · 1991 · confidence medium
Ward v. Heckler, 786 F.2d 844, 845 (8th Cir.1986).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) James THOMAS, Appellant, v. Louis W. SULLIVAN, M.D., Secretary of Health and Human Services, Appellee (2×)
8th Cir. · 1991 · confidence medium
Ward v. Heckler, 786 F.2d 844, 846 (8th Cir.1986) (per curiam).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Robertson v. Sullivan
8th Cir. · 1991 · confidence medium
Pope v. Bowen, 886 F.2d 1038, 1041 (8th Cir.1989); Ward v. Heckler, 786 F.2d 844, 846-47 (8th Cir.1986) (per curiam ). 12 In this case, claimant has been examined numerous times by many different physicians over a long period of time.
cited Cited as authority (rule) Robertson v. Sullivan
8th Cir. · 1991 · confidence medium
Pope v. Bowen, 886 F.2d 1038, 1041 (8th Cir.1989); Ward v. Heckler, 786 F.2d 844, 846-47 (8th Cir.1986) (per curiam).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Jerry L. POPE, Appellant, v. Otis BOWEN, Secretary of Health and Human Services of the United States, Appellee
8th Cir. · 1989 · confidence medium
Ward v. Heckler, 786 F.2d 844, 846-47 (8th Cir.1986).
Retrieving the full opinion text from the archive…
13 soc.sec.rep.ser. 148, unempl.ins.rep. Cch 16,701 Floyd Ward
v.
Margaret Heckler, Secretary, Health & Human Services
85-2069.
Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit.
Mar 19, 1986.
786 F.2d 844
1986 U.S. App. LEXIS 23121
Dennis W. Jennings, Kansas City, Mo., for appellant., Judith M. Strong, Asst. U.S. Atty., Kansas City, Mo., for appellee.
Ross, Bright, Arnold.
Cited by 88 opinions  |  Published
[*846] PER CURIAM.

Floyd Ward appeals from a district court [1] order granting summary judgment to the Secretary of Health and Human Services (the Secretary) in an action initiated by Ward seeking judicial review of the Secretary’s denial of his application for dis- ■ ability benefits. We affirm.

I. Background

Ward is a sixty-five year old man with an eighth-grade education. His past relevant employment includes work as a construction laborer and, between 1971 and 1982, work as a “beef lugger” at a meat packing plant. In December 1981, Ward fell while carrying a hindquarter of beef which landed on top of him injuring his back. He continued to work until March 22, 1982, when pain in his legs and lower back allegedly forced him to quit his job.

Ward filed the present application for a period of disability and disability insurance benefits on January 13, 1983, alleging disability due to leg and back pain, arthritis of the spine, shortness of breath, and numbness and lack of grip in his dominant right hand. The application was denied initially and on reconsideration. Ward requested and received a hearing before an AU concerning his claim. Subsequent to that hearing, the AU concluded that Ward could not return to his previous employment, but that he retained the residual functional capacity for at least medium work and perhaps did not even have a severe impairment. The AU discounted a treating physician’s contrary assessment of Ward’s residual capabilities, both because it was not objectively supported by clinical or laboratory data and because it was contradicted by the opinions of the other physicians which were supported by such data. For these and other reasons, the AU concluded that Ward’s complaints of disabling pain were not credible. Accordingly, considering Ward’s exertional limitations and nonexertional pain, and using Rule 203.03 of the Medical-Vocational Guidelines, 20 C.F.R. Part 404, Subpart P, Appendix 2 (the Guidelines) as a framework for decision-making, the AU concluded Ward was not disabled within the meaning of the Social Security Act (the Act). The Appeals Council affirmed the AU’s decision on July 24, 1984, and the district court granted summary judgment to the Secretary on July 5, 1985. This appeal followed.

II. Discussion

Ward first contends, and correctly so, that in the context of a disability determination a treating physician’s opinion is ordinarily entitled to greater weight than the opinion of a consulting physician. Hancock v. Secretary of the Department of HEW, 603 F.2d 739, 740 (8th Cir.1979). However, a qualified medical opinion is not conclusive in determining disability status. Vasquez v. Schweiker, 701 F.2d 733, 736 (8th Cir.1983). A trier of fact may discount medical reports and/or physicians’ statements which are unsupported by medically acceptable clinical or diagnostic data. Janka v. Secretary of HEW, 589 F.2d 365, 369 (8th Cir.1978). Even statements made by a claimant’s treating physician regarding the existence of a disability have been held to be properly discounted in favor of the contrary medical opinion of a consulting physician where the treating physician’s statements were conclusory in nature. Brand v. Secretary of the Department of HEW, 623 F.2d 523, 527-28 (8th Cir.1980).

In the present case, although some medical evidence indicates that Ward suffers from physical impairments, only rather conclusory statements of one treating physician indicate that Ward’s impairments are substantial or disabling. Dr. Reynolds expressed this conclusion when completing a medical report form submitted to the Social Security Administration and when answering interrogatories propounded by Ward’s attorney. Although each document requested that Dr. Reynolds summarize Ward’s medical problems, including the nature and. source of his exertional and non[*847] exertional impairments, Dr. Reynolds did not complete those portions of the forms. Moreover, only two brief medical reports submitted by Ward in support of his claim contain any clinical or diagnostic observations by Dr. Reynolds. The first report, dated April 13, 1982, contains a brief history and the results of a general physical examination performed by Dr. Reynolds upon the occasion of Ward’s admission to the hospital. At that time Dr. Reynolds noted marked spasms in Ward’s lumbar muscles and a restriction in Ward’s ability to raise his right leg. The second report, dated August 1, 1982, is actually a discharge summary dictated and transcribed some three months after Ward’s release from the hospital in which Dr. Reynolds outlined a conservative treatment regime including rest and medication. Although in the latter report Dr. Reynolds referred to Dr. Clough’s examination of Ward, and we assume that he was also aware of the EMG results reported by Ward’s other physician, Dr. Allen, Dr. Reynolds’ later conclusions concerning the extent of Ward’s impairment do not appear consistent with these physicians’ statements characterizing Ward’s condition as mild. Finally, although Dr. Reynolds has treated Ward since March 1982, Ward admitted that he does not see Dr. Reynolds, very often, that his prescriptions are good for one year, that on his most recent visit Dr. Reynolds did nothing more than renew his prescriptions, and that beginning three months pri- or to the administrative hearing he has visited the Veterans Administration Hospital each month for treatment of his condition.

In contrast, the reports of the consulting physicians were both detailed and thorough. Neither Dr. Riller nor Dr. Wilkins found any evidence of a significant arthritic condition in Ward’s legs or spine. Dr. Riller explained that, in his opinion, any organic abnormalities which were found in those areas were consistent with Ward’s age and prior occupation. Furthermore, in most respects the consulting physicians’ findings appear to be compatible with Dr. Clough’s and Dr. Allen’s assessments of Ward’s chronic back condition absent the acute symptoms Ward evidenced shortly after his accident.

In sum, the conclusory nature of Dr. Reynolds’ opinion of the severity of Ward’s condition, the contradictory medical evidence supplied by other physicians, and the factual circumstances involved in this case combine to discredit Dr. Reynolds’ conclusions. Viewing the record as a whole, therefore, we conclude that the AU’s determination to that effect was supported by substantial evidence.

Ward next contends that the AU failed to properly evaluate his subjective complaints of pain in accordance with the standards adopted in the Social Security Disability Benefits Reform Act of 1984 and in Polaski v. Heckler, 751 F.2d 943 (8th Cir. 1984). Specifically, Ward argues that the AU discredited his testimony because the objective medical evidence did not support his subjective complaints, and because the AU’s personal observations of Ward at the hearing were not consistent with those complaints. The Secretary contends that the AU’s determination was properly based upon a combination of factors, including consideration of the objective medical evidence; the AU’s personal observations of Ward; and the quality, character and content of Ward’s own testimony.

Although an adjudicator may not discount a claimant’s subjective complaints solely because they are not supported by the objective medical evidence, the absence of such evidence is one factor to be considered in evaluating the credibility of the claimant’s testimony and complaints. Polaski, 751 F.2d at 948 (quoting Polaski v. Heckler, 739 F.2d 1320, 1321-22 (8th Cir.1984)). Similarly, subjective complaints may not be discredited solely on the basis of an AU’s personal observation of the claimant at the hearing. Id. In the instant case, however, the AU gave full consideration to Ward’s complaints in the context of the remaining evidence in the record and concluded that they were not credible. The lack of objective medical support for Dr.[*848] Reynolds’ opinion and for Ward’s description of the severity of his condition and the physical limitations imposed thereby were clearly factors in the AU’s decision. The AU also noted that his own observation of Ward (i.e., that Ward had no apparent problem walking, sitting, standing, concentrating, remembering, or attending to his surroundings during the hearing) was a factor. However, the AU also discussed the existing objective medical evidence in detail. Clearly, inconsistencies existed among that evidence, the various physicians’ interpretations of that evidence, and Ward’s subjective complaints. Subjective complaints may be discounted where, as here, there are inconsistencies in the evidence as a whole. Id.; see also Conley v. Bowen, 781 F.2d 143, 146-47 (8th Cir.1986) (per curiam).

Ward also challenges the validity of the vocational expert’s testimony, arguing that his responses to the hypothetical questions posed by the AU do not constitute substantial evidence because those questions failed to set out all of Ward's impairments and included assumptions not supported by the record. Tennant v. Schweiker, 682 F.2d 707, 711 (8th Cir.1982). Examination of the hearing transcript reveals that the AU actually posed a series of three hypothetical questions based upon the same description of Ward’s physical impairments, but varying the severity of the limitations imposed upon Ward’s physical capabilities. Contrary to Ward’s contention, the AU’s description of Ward’s physical impairments does not appear deficient. The AU included in his description each of Ward’s physical complaints and mentioned the pain Ward suffers. Two of the hypothetical questions explored the combined impact of Ward's physical impairments and the limitations Ward testified he experiences upon Ward’s employability. The remaining hypothetical set forth Ward’s physical limitations to the extent the AU found them to exist. Therefore, the hypothetical questions were appropriate in light of the AU’s credibility determinations discussed previously.

Finally, Ward contends that the transcript of his administrative hearing was not sufficiently complete to ensure a fair evaluation upon judicial review of his claims. Examination of the thirty-two page transcript reveals that, on the average, between one and two times per page small portions of testimony were inaudible. The gaps appear very small, however; at most a few words at a time. Although distracting, the gaps did not interfere with comprehension of the testimony to an extent that would hinder fair review.

Accordingly, the order of the district court is affirmed.

1

. The Honorable Joseph E. Steven, Jr., United States District Judge for the Western District of Missouri, Western Division.