People v. Flecha, 43 A.D.3d 1385 (N.Y. App. Div. 2007). · Go Syfert
People v. Flecha, 43 A.D.3d 1385 (N.Y. App. Div. 2007). Cases Citing This Book View Copy Cite
17 citation events (17 in the last 25 years) across 1 distinct court.
Strongest positive: People v. Smith (nyappdiv, 2020-08-20)
Top citers, strongest first. 11 distinct citers. How cited ↗
discussed Cited as authority (rule) People v. Smith
N.Y. App. Div. · 2020 · confidence medium
Under the circumstances here, the court should have instructed the jury to consider count two "only in the alternative as an inclusory concurrent count" of count one ( People v Flecha , 43 AD3d 1385, 1386 [4th Dept 2007], lv denied 9 NY3d 990 [2007]; see CPL 300.40 [3] [b]).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) People v. Roth
N.Y. App. Div. · 2019 · confidence medium
People v Collins , 167 AD3d 1493 , 1498 [4th Dept 2018], lv denied 32 NY3d 1202 [2019]; People v Butcher , 11 AD3d 956 , 957-958 [4th Dept 2004], lv denied 3 NY3d 755 [2004]) and, as such, "should have been considered only in the alternative as an inclusory concurrent count" of manslaughter ( People v Flecha , 43 AD3d 1385, 1386 [4th Dept 2007], lv denied 9 NY3d 990 [2007]; see CPL 300.30 [4]).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) People v. Stewart
N.Y. App. Div. · 2014 · confidence medium
We agree with defendant that assault in the second degree (§ 120.05 [2]) under count two of the indictment is a lesser included offense of assault in the first degree (§ 120.10 [1]) “and therefore should have been considered only in the alternative as an inclusory concurrent count of as sault in the first degree” (People v Flecha, 43 AD3d 1385, 1386 [2007], lv denied 9 NY3d 990 [2007]; see CPL 300.30 [4]; 300.40 [3] [b]).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) People v. Stewart
N.Y. App. Div. · 2014 · confidence medium
We agree with defendant that assault in the second degree (§ 120.05 [2]) under count two of the indictment is a lesser included offense of assault in the first degree (§ 120.10 [1]) “and therefore should have been considered only in the alternative as an inclusory concurrent count of as sault in the first degree” (People v Flecha, 43 AD3d 1385, 1386 [2007], lv denied 9 NY3d 990 [2007]; see CPL 300.30 [4]; 300.40 [3] [b]).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) People v. March
N.Y. App. Div. · 2011 · confidence medium
In addition, viewing the evidence in the light most favorable to the People (see People v Contes, 60 NY2d 620, 621 [1983]), we conclude that it is legally sufficient to support the intent elements of the attempted murder and assault crimes of which defendant was convicted (see People v Bleakley, 69 NY2d 490, 495 [1987]; see also People v Green, 74 AD3d 1899, 1900 [2010], lv denied 15 NY3d 852 [2010]; People v Flecha, 43 AD3d 1385, 1386 [2007], lv denied 9 NY3d 990 [2007]).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) People v. Johnson
N.Y. App. Div. · 2011 · confidence medium
We agree with defendant, however, that assault in the second degree (Penal Law § 120.05 [2]) is a lesser included offense of assault in the first degree (§ 120.10 [1]) “and therefore should have been considered only in the alternative as an inclusory concurrent count of assault in the first degree” (People v Flecha, 43 AD3d 1385, 1386 [2007], lv denied 9 NY3d 990 [2007]; see CPL 300.30 [4]).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) People v. Extale
N.Y. App. Div. · 2010 · confidence medium
Contrary to defendant’s further contentions, the court properly charged assault in the second degree as a lesser included offense of assault in the first degree under Penal Law § 120.10 (1) (see People v Flecha, 43 AD3d 1385, 1386 [2007], lv denied 9 NY3d 990 [2007]), and the court’s submission of the lesser included offense did not violate defendant’s double jeopardy rights (see generally Matter of Suarez v Byrne, 10 NY3d 523, 538 [2008], rearg denied 11 NY3d 753 [2008]).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) People v. Semrau
N.Y. App. Div. · 2010 · confidence medium
Here, the record of the suppression hearing establishes that defendant voluntarily accompanied the police to the police station and was not handcuffed prior to making the statements (see People v Towsley, 53 AD3d 1083, 1084 [2008], lv denied 11 NY3d 795 [2008]; People v Regan, 21 AD3d 1357, 1358 [2005]), he was provided food, beverages and use of the bathroom (see People v Dozier, 32 AD3d 1346 [2006], lv dismissed 8 NY3d 880 [2007]; People v Hernandez, 25 AD3d 377, 378 [2006], lv denied 6 NY3d 834 [2006]), and the questioning was investigatory rather than accusatory (see People v Murphy, 43 AD…
discussed Cited as authority (rule) People v. Martin
N.Y. App. Div. · 2008 · confidence medium
The record of the suppression hearing supports the court’s determination that defendant was not in custody when he was questioned by the police officers at his girlfriend’s house, and thus Miranda warnings were not required at that time (see People v Towsley, 53 AD3d 1083 [2008]; People v Flecha, 43 AD3d 1385, 1385-1386 [2007], lv denied 9 NY3d 990 [2007]).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) People v. Towsley
N.Y. App. Div. · 2008 · confidence medium
As the court properly determined, defendant was not in custody when he made his initial statements to the police and Miranda warnings were not required (see People v Flecha, 43 AD3d 1385, 1386 [2007], lv denied 9 NY3d 990 [2007]).
cited Cited as authority (rule) People v. Wise
N.Y. App. Div. · 2007 · confidence medium
That intent “ ‘may be inferred from [defendant’s] conduct, the surrounding circumstances, and the medical evidence’ ” (People v Flecha, 43 AD3d 1385, 1386 [2007]).
Retrieving the full opinion text from the archive…
The People of the State of New York
v.
Luis Flecha
Appellate Division of the Supreme Court of the State of New York.
Sep 28, 2007.
43 A.D.3d 1385
Cited by 17 opinions  |  Published

Appeal from a judgment of the Monroe County Court (John J. Connell, J.), rendered November 19, 2005. The judgment convicted defendant, upon a nonjury trial, of assault in the first degree, assault in the second degree (three counts), and endangering the welfare of a child.

It is hereby ordered that the judgment so appealed from be and the same hereby is unanimously modified on the law by reversing that part convicting defendant of assault in the second degree under count two of the indictment and dismissing that count of the indictment and as modified the judgment is affirmed.

Memorandum: Defendant appeals from a judgment convicting him following a bench trial of one count each of assault in the first degree (Penal Law § 120.10 [1]) and endangering the welfare of a child (§ 260.10 [1]), and three counts of assault in the second degree (§ 120.05 [4], [8], [9]). County Court properly refused to suppress defendant’s statements to the police. The record of the suppression hearing establishes that defendant voluntarily accompanied two officers to the Public Safety Build[*1386] ing, that he was never handcuffed or otherwise restrained, and that the initial interview was not accusatory. “Under these circumstances, a reasonable person innocent of any crime would not have believed that he or she was in custody, and thus [Miranda] warnings were not required” (People v Dozier, 32 AD3d 1346, 1346 [2006], Iv dismissed 8 NY3d 880 [2007]; see People v Tankleff, 199 AD2d 550, 552 [1993], affd 84 NY2d 992 [1994]; People v Vandunk, 2 AD3d 1058 [2003], Iv denied 3 NY3d 742 [2004]). “Because the initial statement was not the product of pr e-Miranda custodial interrogation, the post -Miranda detailed confession given by defendant cannot be considered the fruit of the poisonous tree” (People v Flecha, 195 AD2d 1052, 1053 [1993]).

The evidence, viewed in the light most favorable to the People (see People v Contes, 60 NY2d 620, 621 [1983]), is legally sufficient to support the conviction of assault in the first degree. The intent of defendant to cause serious injury “may be inferred from his conduct, the surrounding circumstances, and the medical evidence” (People v White, 216 AD2d 872, 873 [1995], lv denied 86 NY2d 805 [1995]; see People v Watson, 269 AD2d 755, 756 [2000], Iv denied 95 NY2d 806 [2000]). Defendant failed to preserve for our review his contention that the verdict is inconsistent insofar as the court in this bench trial found him guilty of both intentionally and recklessly causing serious physical injury by means of the same dangerous instrument (see CPL 470.05 [2]; see generally People v Carter, 7 NY3d 875, 876 [2006]; People v Garner, 174 AD2d 1028, 1029 [1991], lv denied 78 NY2d 966 [1991]), and we decline to exercise our power to review that contention as a matter of discretion in the interest of justice (see CPL 470.15 [6] [a]).

We note, however, that assault in the second degree under the second count of the indictment (Penal Law § 120.05 [4]) is a lesser included offense of assault in the first degree under Penal Law § 120.10 (1) (see People v Green, 56 NY2d 427, 435 [1982], rearg denied 57 NY2d 775 [1982]), and therefore should have been considered only in the alternative as an inclusory concurrent count of assault in the first degree (see CPL 300.30 [4]; 300.40 [3] [b]; People v Fort, 292 AD2d 821 [2002], Iv denied 98 NY2d 710 [2002]). We therefore modify the judgment accordingly. The sentence is not unduly harsh or severe. Present— Martoche, J.R, Smith, Peradotto, Green and Pine, JJ.