People v. Townsley, 240 A.D.2d 955 (N.Y. App. Div. 1997). · Go Syfert
People v. Townsley, 240 A.D.2d 955 (N.Y. App. Div. 1997). Cases Citing This Book View Copy Cite
36 citation events (26 in the last 25 years) across 3 distinct courts.
Strongest positive: The People v. Samuel J. Smith (ny, 2019-06-06)
Treatment trajectory · 1998 → 2026 · click a year to view as-of
1998 2012 2026
Top citers, strongest first. 14 distinct citers. How cited ↗
discussed Cited as authority (rule) The People v. Samuel J. Smith
NY · 2019 · confidence medium
People v Chestnut, 149 AD3d 772, 773 [2d Dept 2017], lv denied 29 NY3d 1077 [2017]; People v McBride, 272 AD2d 200 , 200 [1st Dept 2000], lv denied 95 NY2d 868 [2000]; People v Townsley, 240 AD2d 955, 958 [3d Dept 1997], lv denied 90 NY2d 943 [1997], reconsideration denied 90 NY2d 1014 [1997]).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) People v. Rogers
N.Y. App. Div. · 2018 · confidence medium
Nothing in the first challenged comment improperly shifted the burden of proof to defendant to demonstrate that his expenditures were authorized ( see People v Barber , 13 AD3d 898, 900 [2004], lv denied 4 NY3d 796 [2005]; People v Townsley , 240 AD2d 955, 958-959 [1997], lvs denied 90 NY2d 943 , 1014 [1997]), and the prosecutor's remarks regarding the jury's responsibility to decide whether defendant made the expenditures for his own benefit or that of SEARCO were fair responses to defendant's argument that it was not the jury's role to decide whether the expenditures were proper ( see genera…
discussed Cited as authority (rule) People v. Goodrell
N.Y. App. Div. · 2015 · confidence medium
Defendant’s further contention that the court erred in failing to suppress the prospective in-court identification testimony of one of the victims is moot, inasmuch as that victim did not identify defendant at trial (see People v Townsley, 240 AD2d 955, 957 [1997], lv denied 90 NY2d 943 [1997], reconsideration denied 90 NY2d 1014 [1997]).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) People v. Goodrell
N.Y. App. Div. · 2015 · confidence medium
Defendant’s further contention that the court erred in failing to suppress the prospective in-court identification testimony of one of the victims is moot, inasmuch as that victim did not identify defendant at trial (see People v Townsley, 240 AD2d 955, 957 [1997], lv denied 90 NY2d 943 [1997], reconsideration denied 90 NY2d 1014 [1997]).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) People v. Roseboro
N.Y. App. Div. · 2015 · confidence medium
A defendant seeking the charge has “the initial burden of proving that [the missing witness] was under the control of the People and that his testimony would be relevant, noncumulative and beneficial to them” (People v Townsley, 240 AD2d 955, 958 [1997] [internal quotation marks omitted]; see also People v Vanhoesen, 31 AD3d 805, 809 [2006]; People v Drayton, 24 AD3d 686 [2005]; Buttice v Dyer, 1 AD3d 552 , 553 [2003]; People v Williams, 283 AD2d 944 [2001]; People v Williams, 256 AD2d 1110, 1111 [1998]; People v Swinton, 200 AD2d 892, 894 [1994]; People v Hicks, 154 AD2d 713, 714 [1989]; …
discussed Cited as authority (rule) People v. Santana
Colo. · 2011 · confidence medium
See, eg., United States v. Diaz-Diaz, 433 F.3d 128, 135 (1st Cir.2005) (holding that even if prosecutor's possible burden-shifting remarks were error, any error was "immediately and effectively" addressed by "prompt and thorough" instructions to the jury); United States v. Paul, 175 F.3d 906, 912 (11th Cir.1999) (stating that to whatever degree the prosecutor's comments may have shifted the burden of proof, any prejudice was cured by the court's and counsel's instructions to the jury); Flowers v. State, 738 N.E.2d 1051, 1058-59 (Ind.2000) ("[PJrosecutor's comments during closing argument infer…
discussed Cited as authority (rule) People v. Arnold
N.Y. App. Div. · 2006 · confidence medium
None of the factors set forth by defendant, including his youth, lack of significant criminal history and childhood hardships, mitigate the violent nature of his conduct, which included the repeated stabbing of an unarmed victim (see People v Townsley, 240 AD2d 955, 959 [1997], lvs denied 90 NY2d 1014 , 1015 [1997]; People v Baker, 225 AD2d 949, 950 [1996], lv denied 88 NY2d 844 [1996]).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) People v. Beyer
N.Y. App. Div. · 2005 · confidence medium
While some of the prosecutor’s statements implied that defendant had some burden of proof, some of the statements objected to were fair comment on the evidence or in response to the defense summation (see People v Townsley, 240 AD2d 955, 958-959 [1997], lv denied 90 NY2d 943 [1997]).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) People v. Barber
N.Y. App. Div. · 2004 · confidence medium
Likewise, the prosecutor’s statement in summation that the evidence did not contradict the prosecution witnesses’ testimony was a permissible response to the defense theory that the victim and her mother had fabricated the charges and did not, as defendant suggests, shift the burden of proof to defendant (see People v Townsley, 240 AD2d 955, 958-959 [1997], lv denied 90 NY2d 943 [1997]).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) People v. Polanco
N.Y. App. Div. · 2004 · confidence medium
In these circumstances, and despite his young age and lack of a criminal record (see People v Townsley, 240 AD2d 955, 959 [1997], lv denied 90 NY2d 943 [1997]), we find no abuse of discretion nor any extraordinary circumstances warranting modification of any aspect of the sentence imposed (see e.g.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) People v. Burnett
N.Y. App. Div. · 2003 · confidence medium
The contention of defendant that County Court erred in denying his motion to suppress his statements to an investigator with the Department of Corrections is moot because those statements were never introduced at trial (see People v Falcon, 281 AD2d 368, 368-369 [2001], lv denied 96 NY2d 901 [2001]; People v Townsley, 240 AD2d 955, 957 [1997], lv denied 90 NY2d 943 , 1014 [1997]).
discussed Cited "see" People v. Smith
N.Y. App. Div. · 2018 · signal: see · confidence high
In the First, Second, and Third Departments, it is well established that the proponent of such a charge has the " initial burden of proving,' " inter alia, that the missing witness has " noncumulative' " testimony to offer on behalf of the opposing party (People v Roseboro, 127 AD3d 998, 998-999 [2d Dept 2015], lv denied 26 NY3d 934 [2015] [emphasis added]; see People v Townsley, 240 AD2d 955, 958 [3d Dept 1997], lv denied 90 NY2d 943 [1997], reconsideration denied 90 NY2d 1014 [1997]; People v Hill, 165 AD2d 691 , 692 [1st Dept 1990], lv denied 76 NY2d 987 [1990]).
cited Cited "see, e.g." Pillco v. 160 Dikeman St., LLC
N.Y. App. Div. · 2025 · signal: see also · confidence low
Operating Auth. , 170 AD2d 402, 404 ; Mercedes v Amusements of Am. , 160 AD2d 630, 631 ; Wilson v Bodian , 130 AD2d 221, 233 ; see also People v Townsley , 240 AD2d 955, 957 ).
discussed Cited "see, e.g." People v. Legrand
N.Y. App. Div. · 2000 · signal: see also · confidence low
Even assuming, arguendo, that an isolated com ment of the prosecutor shifted the burden of proof to defendant, we conclude that the trial court adequately instructed the jury that defendant was not required to prove anything and that the People’s burden of proof never shifts (see, People v Lopez, 233 AD2d 886 , lv denied 89 NY2d 925 ; see also, People v Townsley, 240 AD2d 955, 959 , lv denied 90 NY2d 943 , 1014).
Retrieving the full opinion text from the archive…
The People of the State of New York
v.
Tayden Townsley, Also Known as T-Rock
Appellate Division of the Supreme Court of the State of New York.
Jun 26, 1997.
240 A.D.2d 955
1997 N.Y. App. Div. LEXIS 6971
Cardona.
Cited by 33 opinions  |  Published
Cardona, P. J.

Appeal from a judgment of the[*956] County Court of Sullivan County (Czajka, J.), rendered June 23, 1995, upon a verdict convicting defendant of the crimes of murder in the second degree, criminal possession of a weapon in the second degree (two counts), attempted murder in the second degree, assault in the first degree and criminal use of a firearm in the first degree (two counts).

On July 1, 1994, 16-year-old Lynell James was found dead from a gunshot wound to the back of his head at Beverly Garden Apartments, located in the Town of Fallsburg, Sullivan County. The assailant also shot and wounded Johmar Brangan, an acquaintance of the victim. Fallsburg Police Department Detective Bart Rasnick interviewed people outside the crime scene and learned the street name of a possible suspect. The name given was "T-Rock”. Rasnick asked Sharanda Gambel if she knew who T-Rock was and she indicated that he should know because he had arrested T-Rock a year earlier. Rasnick then went to an apartment where he knew T-Rock and his brother had left some clothing and a book bag. In the book bag he found the name "Townsley”. The name matched the arrest record. Rasnick obtained a photograph of defendant from the previous arrest and showed it to Gambel, who confirmed that Townsley was T-Rock. Thereafter, an arrest warrant was issued for defendant.

On July 12, 1994, Police Officer Edward Liotard and several other officers went to a building in response to a reported sighting of defendant. Hearing movement on top of the building, the officers went around to the front and observed defendant coming out a window. Liotard told defendant to "freeze” and defendant complied. While the Police Chief watched defendant, Liotard went upstairs and pulled defendant back through the window. Liotard asked defendant if he was Tayden Townsley and defendant responded that he was not. When asked by Liotard who he was, defendant mumbled some incomprehensible first name and stated that his last name was Anderson. Joined by the Police Chief, Liotard again asked defendant his name and was told "Anderson”. The police asked him if he was Tayden Townsley and were told no. Liotard removed defendant’s baseball cap and recognized him as Townsley, one of several persons he had previously questioned in an unrelated investigation.

Defendant was arrested and charged in an eight-count indictment with one count of murder in the second degree, two counts of criminal possession of a weapon in the second degree, one count of attempted murder in the second degree, one count of assault in the first degree, two counts of criminal use of a[*957] firearm in the first degree and one count of criminal possession of a weapon in the third degree. Following a combined Huntley-Wade hearing, defendant was tried before a jury and convicted of all charges, with the exception of criminal possession of a weapon in the third degree—the jury did not consider this charge because it found defendant guilty of criminal possession of a weapon in the second degree. Defendant was sentenced to an aggregate prison term of 371/2 years to life. Defendant appeals.

Defendant first argues that County Court committed error when it failed to suppress his statements to Liotard because they were made in the absence of Miranda warnings. We disagree. Although defendant was in custody at the time Liotard questioned him regarding his identity, it is well settled that the police are entitled to make a reasonable inquiry to establish an arrestee’s identity without the need for formal warnings (see, People v Rivera, 26 NY2d 304, 309; People v Perez, 198 AD2d 540, 541-542, lv denied 82 NY2d 929; People v Nelson, 147 AD2d 774, 775, lv denied 74 NY2d 794; see also, People v Rodney, 85 NY2d 289, 292-293).

Defendant next contends that County Court erred when it failed to suppress Gambel’s prospective in-court identification testimony. We conclude that the prosecution’s decision not to call Gambel as a witness at trial rendered this issue moot since reversal of County Court’s suppression ruling under such circumstances would have no effect on defendant’s rights (see, Matter of Hearst Corp. v Clyne, 50 NY2d 707, 714).

We also find no error in County Court’s ruling which precluded the admission into evidence of Brangan’s emergency room records containing a reference that he had been shot in a drive-by shooting. Vladimar Andres, the emergency room physician who treated Brangan, testified that the manner in which Brangan sustained his gunshot wounds was not relevant to his treatment or diagnosis. Furthermore, Brangan denied telling emergency room personnel that he had been injured in a drive-by shooting. Since Andres’ testimony established that the reference to the shootings was not germane to Brangan’s treatment and diagnosis (see, Williams v Alexander, 309 NY 283, 288) and the source of the information on the hospital record was unknown (see, Ginsberg v North Shore Hosp., 213 AD2d 592, lv denied 86 NY2d 701), the record was properly ruled inadmissible under the business records exception to the hearsay rule (see, CPLR 4518 [a]).

Defendant further argues that County Court improperly denied his application for a missing witness charge based on[*958] the People’s failure to call Simeon Nelson to testify. As the party seeking the charge, defendant had the initial burden of proving that Nelson "was under the control of the People and that his testimony would be relevant, noncumulative and beneficial to them” (People v Swinton, 200 AD2d 892, 894, lv denied 83 NY2d 1007; see, People v Gonzalez, 68 NY2d 424, 427). Although defendant made a showing that Nelson was available to the People, and knowledgeable about a material issue upon which evidence was already in the case, he failed to show that Nelson’s testimony would be noncumulative. Notably, the People called Aaron Aubrey, who testified that he saw defendant shoot James. Under the circumstances, defendant was not entitled to the missing witness charge.

We find no merit to defendant’s next contention that County Court improperly instructed the jury on criminal intent in relation to the charge of murder in the second degree. The court charged as follows:

"According to the law, a person intends to cause the death of another person when his conscious aim or objective is to cause the death of that person.
"It is not necessary for the People to establish that the intent to kill was present in the mind of the Defendant for any period of time before he shot Lynell James in the head. It is sufficient if you find that such intent to kill was in the mind of the Defendant at the time that he did so, that is, at the time he shot Lynell James in the head.”

Defendant objects to the last phrase of County Court’s charge contending that it improperly conveyed the impression that the court had concluded that defendant shot James, thereby removing this issue of fact from the jury’s consideration. In rejecting this contention, we note that the court followed the Pattern Jury Instructions on criminal intent, as they then existed, verbatim (2 CJI [NY] PL 125.25 [1], at 204-205; see generally, People v Bernard, 222 AD2d 599, lv denied 88 NY2d 844). Moreover, at the beginning of its charge County Court specifically instructed the jury: "You must not take any of my rulings or anything else I said or say to you now as meaning that I have any opinion in this case one way or the other.” Viewed in context, we find that the intent charge was proper.

Defendant also urges reversal on the ground that the prosecutor erroneously shifted the burden of proof during his summation when he questioned defendant’s failure to call his brother, Salee Townsley, known by the street name "Smooth”, as a witness. We disagree. There was conflicting testimony as to whether Smooth was in the apartment at the time of the shooting. The prosecutor’s remarks were made in response to defense counsel’s statements during summation that Smooth[*959] was not in the apartment and, as such, we cannot say that the prosecutor’s remarks were improper (see, People v Tankleff, 84 NY2d 992, 994; People v Bombard, 203 AD2d 711, 713, lv denied 84 NY2d 823; People v Taylor, 172 AD2d 784, 785, lv denied 78 NY2d 958). Moreover, despite defense counsel’s failure to request a curative instruction that no negative inference may be drawn from defendant’s failure to call a witness, the court did ultimately charge that defendant was not required to prove anything and that the People’s burden never shifts. Although the prosecutor’s reference to Smooth having been "in and out” of court during the trial was not supported by the record and, therefore, improper, defendant has failed to show that this remark, particularly when viewed in the context of the entire summation, had " 'a decided tendency to prejudice the jury’ ” (People v Halm, 81 NY2d 819, 821, quoting People v Ashwal, 39 NY2d 105, 110) so as to deprive him of a fair trial.

In his pro se brief, defendant contends that he was deprived of his constitutional right to a trial by a jury of his choice (see, People v Anderson, 70 NY2d 729) when County Court discharged one of the sworn jurors due to illness and substituted an alternate. Our review of the record reveals that on the date when the juror did not appear, the People had completed its proof, the defense was scheduled to begin its case and the jury was expected to receive the case to begin deliberations the next day. Before acting to discharge the juror, County Court conducted an inquiry into the juror’s absence and ascertained that the juror had been hospitalized for pneumonia and pleural effusion and was not expected to be discharged either that day or the next day. We are satisfied that County Court made "a reasonably thorough inquiry and recitation on the record of the facts and reasons for invoking the statutory authorization of discharging and replacing a juror based on continued unavailability” (People v Page, 72 NY2d 69, 73; see, CPL 270.35 [2] [a];* People v Lesiuk, 81 NY2d 485, 491).

Finally, we find no merit to defendant’s argument that the sentence imposed was harsh and excessive. Neither defendant’s age at the time of the shootings (19) nor the fact that he lacked a criminal record negate the heinous nature of his acts (see, e.g., People v Motter, 228 AD2d 582, 589); nor do these factors warrant a reduction of the sentence in the interest of justice (see, CPL 470.15 [6] [b]).

[*960] White, Casey, Spain and. Carpinello, JJ., concur. Ordered that the judgment is affirmed.

The statutory requirement of a "reasonably thorough inquiry” (CPL 270.35 [2] [a]) was added by amendment to CPL 270.35 (see, L 1996, ch 630, § 1) through a new subdivision (2) effective October 4, 1996, which was subsequent to the commission of the instant crimes. Nevertheless, the rule as enunciated in People v Page (supra) is applicable to the instant case.