Top citers, strongest first. 33 distinct citers.
How cited ↗
discussed
Cited as authority (verbatim quote)
Xuming Zhang v. Merrick Garland
9th Cir. · 2022 · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote
· confidence high
the term 'any' is generally used to indicate lack of restrictions or limitations on the term modified.
examined
Cited as authority (verbatim quote)
Cecilia Guardiola v. United States
(3×)
also: Cited "see"
9th Cir. · 2021 · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote
· confidence high
an alternate remedy under 3730(c)(5) is a remedy achieved through the government's pursuit of a claim after it has chosen not to intervene in a qui tam relator's action.
discussed
Cited as authority (verbatim quote)
United States v. James Wegeler
3rd Cir. · 2019 · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote
· confidence high
an alternate remedy under 3730(c)(5) is a remedy achieved through the government's pursuit of a claim after it has chosen not to intervene in a qui tam relator's fca action.
cited
Cited as authority (rule)
Scott J. Roberts, P.T. v. Virginia Board of Physical Therapy
Va. Ct. App. · 2026 · confidence medium
Barajas v. United States, 258 F.3d 1004, 1012 (9th Cir. 2001))). - 20 - Whether Roberts intended to silence Patient B, the end result endangered the “health” and “welfare” of the public.
discussed
Cited as authority (rule)
Fiorisce v. Colorado Technical University
10th Cir. · 2025 · confidence medium
Barajas v. Northrop Corp., 258 F.3d 1004, 1006, 1010-12 (9th Cir. 2001) (holding a settlement agreement initiated by the Air Force with a defense contractor to resolve a suspension/debarment proceeding was an alternate remedy because it was substantially the same remedy as could have been obtained if the government intervened in the FCA action); In re Pharm.
cited
Cited as authority (rule)
Miller v. United States, Citibank, N.A.
2d Cir. · 2024 · confidence medium
Barajas v. United States, 258 F.3d 1004, 1010 (9th Cir. 2001))); see also Hefner, 495 F.3d at 112 ("The statute evinces no intent to compensate relators who bring unfounded § 3729 claims . . . .").
discussed
Cited as authority (rule)
(PC) Kishor v. Jillian
E.D. Cal. · 2023 · confidence medium
Barajas v. United States, 258 F.3d 1004, 1005 (9th Cir. 2001); Stoner v. Santa Clara 19 County Office of Educ., 502 F.3d 1116, 1127 (9th Cir. 2007) (holding that “a pro se relator cannot 20 prosecute a qui tam action on behalf of the United States”).
cited
Cited as authority (rule)
State ex rel. Hurst v. Fanatics, Inc.
Ill. App. Ct. · 2021 · confidence medium
Barajas v. Northrop Corp., 258 F.3d 1004, 1010 (9th Cir. 2001); United States ex rel.
cited
Cited as authority (rule)
State ex rel. Hurst v. Fanatics, Inc.
Ill. App. Ct. · 2021 · confidence medium
Barajas v. Northrop Corp., 258 F.3d 1004, 1010 (9th Cir. 2001); United States ex rel.
discussed
Cited as authority (rule)
Kennedy v. Novo A/S
(2×)
D.D.C. · 2020 · confidence medium
Barajas v. United States, 258 F.3d 1004, 1010 (9th Cir. 2001) (“An alternate remedy under § 3730(c)(5) is a remedy achieved through the government’s pursuit of a claim after it has chosen not to intervene in a qui tam relator’s FCA action.” (citing United States ex rel.
examined
Cited as authority (rule)
GUARDIOLA v. RENOWN HEALTH
(4×)
also: Cited "see"
D. Nev. · 2020 · confidence medium
Barajas v. United States, 258 F.3d 1004, 1010 (9th Cir. 2001). 1 III.
discussed
Cited as authority (rule)
Shi v. Moog, Inc.
W.D.N.Y. · 2019 · confidence medium
Barajas v. United States, 258 F.3d 1004, 1013 (9th Cir. 2001) (“On the facts of this case, it is clear that if Northrop had not agreed to replace and repair the faulty FDTs [flight data transmitters] and replace the defective damping fluid, the government would have had to pay to cure the problem.
discussed
Cited as authority (rule)
United States v. L-3 Communications EOTech, Inc.
2d Cir. · 2019 · confidence medium
While Babalola and Webster dealt directly with whether the "alternate remedy" provision is applicable when there is no qui tam action pending, the courts in Barajas and Bledsoe were focused more on whether the applicability of § 3730(c)(5) depended on whether or not the government had intervened in the qui tam action--and they concluded that it was applicable only if the government had not intervened, see , e.g. , Bledsoe , 342 F.3d at 647 ("We hold that 'alternate remedy' refers to the government's pursuit of any alternative to intervening in a relator's qui tam action." (emphasis added)); *…
discussed
Cited as authority (rule)
United States v. L-3 Communications EOTech, Inc.
S.D.N.Y. · 2017 · confidence medium
Barajas v. United States, 258 F.3d 1004, 1010 (9th Cir. 2001) (“An alternate remedy under [Section] 3730(c)(5) is a remedy achieved through the government’s pursuit of a claim after it has chosen not to intervene in a qui tam relator’s FCA action.
discussed
Cited as authority (rule)
United States ex rel. Lee v. Northern Adult Daily Health Care Center
E.D.N.Y · 2016 · confidence medium
Barajas v. United States, 258 F.3d 1004, 1012 (9th Cir.2001) (assessing relator’s allegations and procedural history and concluding that settlement agreement with government requiring debarment qualified as an "alternate remedy”); In re Pharm.
examined
Cited as authority (rule)
Rille v. PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
(4×)
8th Cir. · 2015 · confidence medium
Barajas v. United States, 258 F.3d 1004, 1010 (9th Cir. 2001) (internal quotation omitted).
discussed
Cited as authority (rule)
Meridian Joint School District No. 2 v. D.A.
9th Cir. · 2015 · confidence medium
In Matthew’s case, the district court declined to follow the Fifth Circuit’s approach on the grounds that it could look beyond the language of a statute to avoid “an absurd result or a decision that would violate Congressional intent in enacting the statute.” See Barajas v. United States, 258 F.3d 1004, 1012 (9th Cir.2001).
cited
Cited as authority (rule)
United States v. Kurlander
D.N.J. · 2014 · confidence medium
Barajas v. Northrop Corp., 258 F.3d 1004, 1012 (9th Cir.2001).
discussed
Cited as authority (rule)
Samuel Babalola v. Arun Sharma
(2×)
5th Cir. · 2014 · confidence medium
Barajas v. Northrop Corp., 258 F.3d 1004, 1010 (9th Cir.2001) 6 (describing an “alternate remedy under § 3730(c)(5) [as] a remedy achieved through the government’s pursuit of a claim after it has chosen not to intervene in a qui tam relator’s FCA action”) (emphasis added). 7 Nevertheless, the relators argue that our holding “would completely eviscerate the FCA by allowing the government to sidestep putative relators by racing to beat them to the courthouse through initiating related criminal or other actions as soon as a putative relator voluntarily discloses fraud to the government…
discussed
Cited as authority (rule)
Neal Roberts v. United States
(2×)
8th Cir. · 2013 · confidence medium
Barajas v. United States, 258 F.3d 1004, 1010 (9th Cir. 2001) (internal quotation omitted).
cited
Cited as authority (rule)
Neal Roberts v. United States
8th Cir. · 2013 · confidence medium
Barajas v. United States, 258 F.3d 1004, 1010 (9th Cir. 2001) (internal quotation omitted).
discussed
Cited as authority (rule)
Watanabe v. Lankford
D. Haw. · 2010 · confidence medium
Barajas v. United States, 258 F.3d 1004, 1012 (9th Cir.2001) (citations and quotation marks omitted), or “contravene any clear legislative history[.]” In re Catapult Entm’t, Inc., 165 F.3d 747 , 754 (9th Cir.1999).
discussed
Cited as authority (rule)
United States Ex Rel. Alderson v. Quorum Health Group, Inc.
M.D. Fla. · 2001 · confidence medium
Barajas v. Northrop Corp., 258 F.3d 1004, 1012 (9th Cir.2001) (clear statutory scheme “designed to help fight fraud against the government by encouraging private individuals to come forward with information about fraud that might otherwise remain hidden.”).
cited
Cited "see, e.g."
Ryan v. Mansapit-Shimizu
9th Cir. · 2025 · signal: see also · confidence low
Id.; see also Barajas, 258 F.3d at 1010 .