search for plain error (Wyoming) · Go Syfert
← Wyoming issues

search for plain error in Wyoming

42 Wyoming opinions name it 1 courts 1993–2024 5 in the last five years

The cases below were cited by Wyoming courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.

Followed or applied (42)

CaseFollowedCited
Hornecker v. Stategreen
wyo · 1999 · cited in 6 Wyoming opinions naming this issue, 2005–2012
2 sentences

2012Plain error, as we have often stated, occurs when the record clearly shows an error that transgressed a clear and unequivocal rule of law which adversely affected a substantial right." Hornecker v. State, 977 P.2d 1289, 1291 (Wyo.1999); see also Craver v. State, 942 P.2d 1110, 1115 (Wyo.1997).

2006Plain error, as we have often stated, occurs when the record clearly shows an error that transgressed a clear and unequivocal rule of law which adversely affected a substantial right." Hornecker v. State, 977 P.2d 1289, 1291 (Wyo.1999); see also Craver v. State, 942 P.2d 1110, 1115 (Wyo.1997).

66
Craver v. Stategreen
wyo · 1997 · cited in 6 Wyoming opinions naming this issue, 2004–2012
2 sentences

2012Plain error, as we have often stated, occurs when the record clearly shows an error that transgressed a clear and unequivocal rule of law which adversely affected a substantial right." Hornecker v. State, 977 P.2d 1289, 1291 (Wyo.1999); see also Craver v. State, 942 P.2d 1110, 1115 (Wyo.1997).

2006Plain error, as we have often stated, occurs when the record clearly shows an error that transgressed a clear and unequivocal rule of law which adversely affected a substantial right." Hornecker v. State, 977 P.2d 1289, 1291 (Wyo.1999); see also Craver v. State, 942 P.2d 1110, 1115 (Wyo.1997).

66
FH v. State (In re Interest of ECH)green
wyo · 2018 · cited in 5 Wyoming opinions naming this issue, 2018–2024
2 sentences

2024But because Mother “failed to address [her] due process rights to the juvenile court, our review of the issue is limited to a search for plain error.” 5 Id. (citing W.R.A.P. 9.05; Int. of ECH, 2018 WY 83 , ¶ 21, 423 P.3d 295, 302 (Wyo. 2018); KC, 2015 WY 73, ¶ 47 , 351 P.3d at 248 ).

2023W.R.A.P. 9.05; ECH, ¶ 21, 423 P.3d at 302 ; KC, ¶ 47, 351 P.3d at 248 .

25
Miller v. Stategreen
wyo · 2009 · cited in 2 Wyoming opinions naming this issue, 2012–2019
2 sentences

2019Therefore, we limit our review to a search for plain error."); Miller v. State , 2009 WY 125 , ¶ 19, 217 P.3d 793 , 800-01 (Wyo. 2009) ("Next, we turn to Mr. Miller's assertion that his detention was impermissible under the Fourth Amendment.

2019Therefore, we limit our review to a search for plain error."); Miller v. State , 2009 WY 125 , ¶ 19, 217 P.3d 793 , 800-01 (Wyo. 2009) ("Next, we turn to Mr. Miller's assertion that his detention was impermissible under the Fourth Amendment.

22
Leiker v. Stategreen
wyo · 1999 · cited in 2 Wyoming opinions naming this issue, 2014–2016
2 sentences

2016Brown v. State, 2014 WY 104, ¶ 19 , 332 P.3d 1168, 1174-75 (Wyo.2014) (citing Leiker v. State, 994 P.2d 917, 918 (Wyo.1999)).

2014Leiker v. State, 994 P.2d 917, 918 (Wyo.1999).

22
Hirsch v. Stategreen
wyo · 2006 · cited in 2 Wyoming opinions naming this issue, 2009–2015
2 sentences

2015"However, when no objection is made concerning the consideration of a particular factor, review is necessarily confined to a search for plain error[.]' Id. at 7 , 199 P.3d at 524 (quoting Hirsch v. State, 2006 WY 66, ¶31 , 135 P.3d 586, 598 (Wyo.2006)).

2015"However, when no objection is made concerning the consideration of a particular factor, review is necessarily confined to a search for plain error[.]' Id. at 7 , 199 P.3d at 524 (quoting Hirsch v. State, 2006 WY 66, ¶31 , 135 P.3d 586, 598 (Wyo.2006)).

22
Sandoval v. Stategreen
wyo · 2009 · cited in 2 Wyoming opinions naming this issue, 2013–2013
2 sentences

2013To dispose of the property so as to make it unlikely that the owner will recover it. [¶ 42] Dennis did not object to the instructions actually given to the jury; "our review is therefore confined to a search for plain error." Magnus v. State, 2013 WY 13, ¶ 23 , 293 P.3d 459, 467 (Wyo.2013) (citing Sandoval v. State, 2009 WY 121, ¶ 6 , 217 P.3d 393, 395 (Wyo.2009)).

2013To dispose of the property so as to make it unlikely that the owner will recover it. [¶ 42] Dennis did not object to the instructions actually given to the jury; "our review is therefore confined to a search for plain error." Magnus v. State, 2013 WY 13, ¶ 23 , 293 P.3d 459, 467 (Wyo.2013) (citing Sandoval v. State, 2009 WY 121, ¶ 6 , 217 P.3d 393, 395 (Wyo.2009)).

22
Taul v. Stategreen
wyo · 1993 · cited in 2 Wyoming opinions naming this issue, 1995–1996
2 sentences

1996Taul v. State, 862 P.2d 649, 656 (Wyo.1993).

1995Taul v. State, 862 P.2d 649, 658 (Wyo.1993).

22
KC v. Stategreen
wyo · 2015 · cited in 3 Wyoming opinions naming this issue, 2021–2024
2 sentences

2024But because Mother “failed to address [her] due process rights to the juvenile court, our review of the issue is limited to a search for plain error.” 5 Id. (citing W.R.A.P. 9.05; Int. of ECH, 2018 WY 83 , ¶ 21, 423 P.3d 295, 302 (Wyo. 2018); KC, 2015 WY 73, ¶ 47 , 351 P.3d at 248 ).

2024But because Mother “failed to address [her] due process rights to the juvenile court, our review of the issue is limited to a search for plain error.” 5 Id. (citing W.R.A.P. 9.05; Int. of ECH, 2018 WY 83 , ¶ 21, 423 P.3d 295, 302 (Wyo. 2018); KC, 2015 WY 73, ¶ 47 , 351 P.3d at 248 ).

13
Ernest Ray Watts v. Stategreen
wyo · 2016 · cited in 2 Wyoming opinions naming this issue, 2017–2018
2 sentences

2018Hamilton v. State, 2017 WY 72 , ¶ 7, 396 P.3d 1009 , 1011 (Wyo. 2017) (citing Watts v. State , 2016 WY 40 , ¶ 6, 370 P.3d 104 , 106 (Wyo. 2016) ).

2018Hamilton v. State, 2017 WY 72 , ¶ 7, 396 P.3d 1009 , 1011 (Wyo. 2017) (citing Watts v. State , 2016 WY 40 , ¶ 6, 370 P.3d 104 , 106 (Wyo. 2016) ).

12
Kyle Joseph Anderson v. The State of Wyominggreen
wyo · 2014 · cited in 2 Wyoming opinions naming this issue, 2015–2017
2 sentences

2017Anderson, ¶ 40, 327 P.3d at 99 . [¶40] The instruction is clearly reflected in the record; however, Mr. Webb cannot demonstrate the district court violated a clear and unequivocal rule of law in a clear and obvious, and not merely arguable, way when it gave the jury this instruction.

2015"Plain error exists when '1) the record is clear about the incident alleged as error; 2) there was a transgression of a clear and unequivocal rule of law; and 3) the party claiming the error was denied a substantial right resulting in material prejudice.'" Deeds, 2014 WY 124, ¶21 , 335 P.3d at 479 (quoting Anderson v. State, 2014 WY 74, ¶40 , 327 P.3d 89, 99 (Wyo.2014)). [T17] At sentencing, the prosecutor argued, "Your Honor, as [stated] in the PSI, probation is not appropriate for Mr. Butler. [The treatment] they have for sex offenders is not appropriate.

12
In Interest of JGgreen
wyo · 1987 · cited in 1 Wyoming opinions naming this issue, 2024–2024
1 sentence

2024“Plain error occurs when ‘1) the record is clear about the incident alleged as error; 2) there was a transgression of a clear and unequivocal rule of law; and 3) the party claiming the error was denied a substantial right resulting in material prejudice.’” Int of BG, 2023 WY 40 ¶ 29 , 528 P.3d at 412 (quoting Int. of DT, 2017 WY 36, ¶ 23 , 391 P.3d at 1143 ); Int. of JG, 742 P.2d 770, 775 (Wyo. 1987) (there must be “a ‘clear and unequivocal rule of law[] which [the] particular facts…transgress[] in a clear and obvious, not merely arguable way’”) (quoting Jahnke v. State, 692 P.2d 911, 928 (Wyo

11
Vaughn v. Stategreen
wyo · 1998 · cited in 1 Wyoming opinions naming this issue, 2024–2024
1 sentence

2024“Plain error occurs when ‘1) the record is clear about the incident alleged as error; 2) there was a transgression of a clear and unequivocal rule of law; and 3) the party claiming the error was denied a substantial right resulting in material prejudice.’” Int of BG, 2023 WY 40 ¶ 29 , 528 P.3d at 412 (quoting Int. of DT, 2017 WY 36, ¶ 23 , 391 P.3d at 1143 ); Int. of JG, 742 P.2d 770, 775 (Wyo. 1987) (there must be “a ‘clear and unequivocal rule of law[] which [the] particular facts…transgress[] in a clear and obvious, not merely arguable way’”) (quoting Jahnke v. State, 692 P.2d 911, 928 (Wyo

11
Jahnke v. Stategreen
wyo · 1984 · cited in 1 Wyoming opinions naming this issue, 2024–2024
1 sentence

2024“Plain error occurs when ‘1) the record is clear about the incident alleged as error; 2) there was a transgression of a clear and unequivocal rule of law; and 3) the party claiming the error was denied a substantial right resulting in material prejudice.’” Int of BG, 2023 WY 40 ¶ 29 , 528 P.3d at 412 (quoting Int. of DT, 2017 WY 36, ¶ 23 , 391 P.3d at 1143 ); Int. of JG, 742 P.2d 770, 775 (Wyo. 1987) (there must be “a ‘clear and unequivocal rule of law[] which [the] particular facts…transgress[] in a clear and obvious, not merely arguable way’”) (quoting Jahnke v. State, 692 P.2d 911, 928 (Wyo

11
KAA v. Stategreen
wyo · 2001 · cited in 1 Wyoming opinions naming this issue, 2022–2022
2 sentences

2022KP, 2004 WY 165, ¶ 13 , 102 P.3d at 221; In re KAA, 2001 WY 24, ¶ 8 , 18 P.3d 1159, 1161 (Wyo. 2001).

2022KP, 2004 WY 165, ¶ 13 , 102 P.3d at 221; In re KAA, 2001 WY 24, ¶ 8 , 18 P.3d 1159, 1161 (Wyo. 2001).

11
Brown v. Stategreen
wyo · 1998 · cited in 1 Wyoming opinions naming this issue, 2019–2019
1 sentence

2019Because Mr. Miller did not raise this issue with the district court, we review for plain error."); Mora v. State , 984 P.2d 477 , 479 (Wyo. 1999) ("Because Appellant's counsel offered no pretrial motion to suppress the evidence gained in the search, and lodged no objection to its admission at trial, we consider Appellant's claim under a plain error standard."); Ross v. State , 930 P.2d 965 , 968 (Wyo. 1996) ("Absent a pretrial motion to suppress or objection at trial, admission of evidence must amount to plain error in order to presage reversal."); Brown v. State , 953 P.2d 1170 , 1175 (Wyo. 1

11
Mora v. Stategreen
wyo · 1999 · cited in 1 Wyoming opinions naming this issue, 2019–2019
1 sentence

2019Because Mr. Miller did not raise this issue with the district court, we review for plain error."); Mora v. State , 984 P.2d 477 , 479 (Wyo. 1999) ("Because Appellant's counsel offered no pretrial motion to suppress the evidence gained in the search, and lodged no objection to its admission at trial, we consider Appellant's claim under a plain error standard."); Ross v. State , 930 P.2d 965 , 968 (Wyo. 1996) ("Absent a pretrial motion to suppress or objection at trial, admission of evidence must amount to plain error in order to presage reversal."); Brown v. State , 953 P.2d 1170 , 1175 (Wyo. 1

11
Ross v. Stategreen
wyo · 1996 · cited in 1 Wyoming opinions naming this issue, 2019–2019
1 sentence

2019Because Mr. Miller did not raise this issue with the district court, we review for plain error."); Mora v. State , 984 P.2d 477 , 479 (Wyo. 1999) ("Because Appellant's counsel offered no pretrial motion to suppress the evidence gained in the search, and lodged no objection to its admission at trial, we consider Appellant's claim under a plain error standard."); Ross v. State , 930 P.2d 965 , 968 (Wyo. 1996) ("Absent a pretrial motion to suppress or objection at trial, admission of evidence must amount to plain error in order to presage reversal."); Brown v. State , 953 P.2d 1170 , 1175 (Wyo. 1

11
Schmidt v. Stategreen
wyo · 2017 · cited in 1 Wyoming opinions naming this issue, 2018–2018
2 sentences

2018Schmidt v. State, 2017 WY 101, ¶22 , 401 P.3d 868, 878 (Wyo. 2017) (quoting Toth v. State, 2015 WY 86A, ¶29 , 353 P.3d 696, 705-06 (Wyo. 2015)). [1121] For any alleged errors in the admission of testimony to which Mr. Garriott did not object, we limit our review tq a search for plain error.

2018Schmidt v. State, 2017 WY 101, ¶22 , 401 P.3d 868, 878 (Wyo. 2017) (quoting Toth v. State, 2015 WY 86A, ¶29 , 353 P.3d 696, 705-06 (Wyo. 2015)). [1121] For any alleged errors in the admission of testimony to which Mr. Garriott did not object, we limit our review tq a search for plain error.

11
Hathaway v. Stategreen
wyo · 2017 · cited in 1 Wyoming opinions naming this issue, 2018–2018
2 sentences

2018Hathaway v. State, 2017 WY 92, ¶ 29 , 399 P.3d 625, 634 (Wyo. 2017).

2018Hathaway v. State, 2017 WY 92, ¶ 29 , 399 P.3d 625, 634 (Wyo. 2017).

11
Gregory M. Toth v. Stategreen
wyo · 2015 · cited in 1 Wyoming opinions naming this issue, 2018–2018
1 sentence

2018Schmidt v. State, 2017 WY 101, ¶22 , 401 P.3d 868, 878 (Wyo. 2017) (quoting Toth v. State, 2015 WY 86A, ¶29 , 353 P.3d 696, 705-06 (Wyo. 2015)). [1121] For any alleged errors in the admission of testimony to which Mr. Garriott did not object, we limit our review tq a search for plain error.

11
Sweet v. Stategreen
wyo · 2010 · cited in 1 Wyoming opinions naming this issue, 2017–2017
2 sentences

2017See Sweet v. State, 2010 WY 87, ¶ 22 , 234 P.3d 1193, 1202 (Wyo. 2010) (using the plain error standard to review vouching issue because defendant did not object on that basis).

2017See Sweet v. State, 2010 WY 87, ¶ 22 , 234 P.3d 1193, 1202 (Wyo. 2010) (using the plain error standard to review vouching issue because defendant did not object on that basis).

11
In the Matter of the Termination of Parental Rights to AGS and AMLD, Minor Children. SASgreen
wyo · 2014 · cited in 1 Wyoming opinions naming this issue, 2017–2017
2 sentences

2017“We have often repeated that we will not consider a new issue on appeal that has not first been brought to the attention of the district court.” In re AGS, 2014 WY 143, ¶ 33 , 337 P.3d 470, 480 (Wyo. 2014) (citations omitted).

2017“We have often repeated that we will not consider a new issue on appeal that has not first been brought to the attention of the district court.” In re AGS, 2014 WY 143, ¶ 33 , 337 P.3d 470, 480 (Wyo. 2014) (citations omitted).

11
John Wayne Butler v. Stategreen
wyo · 2015 · cited in 1 Wyoming opinions naming this issue, 2016–2016
2 sentences

2016We therefore forego our usual standard of review and confine our review to a search for plain error,. [180] To establish plain error, an appellant "must establish by reference to the record that a clear and obvious violation of a clear and unequivocal rule of law adversely affected a substantial right to such a degree that [the appellant! was materially prejudiced." Vaught v. State, 2016 WY 7, ¶ 14 , 366 P.3d 512, 516 (Wyo. 2016); see also Butler v. State, 2015 WY 119 , 1 16, 358 P.3d 1259, 1264 (Wyo. 2015). 2.

2016We therefore forego our usual standard of review and confine our review to a search for plain error,. [180] To establish plain error, an appellant "must establish by reference to the record that a clear and obvious violation of a clear and unequivocal rule of law adversely affected a substantial right to such a degree that [the appellant! was materially prejudiced." Vaught v. State, 2016 WY 7, ¶ 14 , 366 P.3d 512, 516 (Wyo. 2016); see also Butler v. State, 2015 WY 119 , 1 16, 358 P.3d 1259, 1264 (Wyo. 2015). 2.

11
Daniel Ray Bowlsby v. The State of Wyominggreen
wyo · 2013 · cited in 1 Wyoming opinions naming this issue, 2016–2016
11
Steven W. Vaught v. Stategreen
wyo · 2016 · cited in 1 Wyoming opinions naming this issue, 2016–2016
11
Kiyon L. Browngreen
wyo · 2014 · cited in 1 Wyoming opinions naming this issue, 2016–2016
11
Bitz v. Stategreen
wyo · 2003 · cited in 1 Wyoming opinions naming this issue, 2014–2014
11
Joreski v. Stategreen
wyo · 2012 · cited in 1 Wyoming opinions naming this issue, 2013–2013
11
Larry Edward Magnus v. The State of Wyominggreen
wyo · 2013 · cited in 1 Wyoming opinions naming this issue, 2013–2013
11
Walker v. Stategreen
wyo · 2012 · cited in 1 Wyoming opinions naming this issue, 2012–2012
11
Creecy v. Stategreen
wyo · 2009 · cited in 1 Wyoming opinions naming this issue, 2010–2010
11
Manes v. Stategreen
wyo · 2004 · cited in 1 Wyoming opinions naming this issue, 2009–2009
11
Gayler v. Stategreen
wyo · 1998 · cited in 1 Wyoming opinions naming this issue, 2006–2006
11
Dice v. Stategreen
wyo · 1992 · cited in 1 Wyoming opinions naming this issue, 2002–2002
11
Capshaw v. Stategreen
wyo · 2000 · cited in 1 Wyoming opinions naming this issue, 2001–2001
11
Seymour v. Stategreen
wyo · 1997 · cited in 1 Wyoming opinions naming this issue, 2001–2001
11
Hodgins v. Stategreen
wyo · 1998 · cited in 1 Wyoming opinions naming this issue, 2000–2000
11
Dudley v. Stategreen
wyo · 1998 · cited in 1 Wyoming opinions naming this issue, 1999–1999
11
Baier v. Stategreen
wyo · 1995 · cited in 1 Wyoming opinions naming this issue, 1995–1995
11

Distinguished, questioned or overruled (0)

CaseNegativeCited
No negative-treatment citations attached to this issue in Wyoming. Read the followed side critically anyway.

Also cited on this issue (9)

CaseCitedYears
In the Interest of: BG, minor child, NG v. The State of Wyoming green
wyo · 2023
2 sentences

2024“Plain error occurs when ‘1) the record is clear about the incident alleged as error; 2) there was a transgression of a clear and unequivocal rule of law; and 3) the party claiming the error was denied a substantial right resulting in material prejudice.’” Int of BG, 2023 WY 40 ¶ 29 , 528 P.3d at 412 (quoting Int. of DT, 2017 WY 36, ¶ 23 , 391 P.3d at 1143 ); Int. of JG, 742 P.2d 770, 775 (Wyo. 1987) (there must be “a ‘clear and unequivocal rule of law[] which [the] particular facts…transgress[] in a clear and obvious, not merely arguable way’”) (quoting Jahnke v. State, 692 P.2d 911, 928 (Wyo

2024“Plain error occurs when ‘1) the record is clear about the incident alleged as error; 2) there was a transgression of a clear and unequivocal rule of law; and 3) the party claiming the error was denied a substantial right resulting in material prejudice.’” Int of BG, 2023 WY 40 ¶ 29 , 528 P.3d at 412 (quoting Int. of DT, 2017 WY 36, ¶ 23 , 391 P.3d at 1143 ); Int. of JG, 742 P.2d 770, 775 (Wyo. 1987) (there must be “a ‘clear and unequivocal rule of law[] which [the] particular facts…transgress[] in a clear and obvious, not merely arguable way’”) (quoting Jahnke v. State, 692 P.2d 911, 928 (Wyo

12024–2024
Raymond Alexander Verheydt v. Tammi Wai-Ping Verheydt green
wyo · 2013
1 sentence

2024But because Mother “failed to address [her] due process rights to the juvenile court, our review of the issue is limited to a search for plain error.” 5 Id. (citing W.R.A.P. 9.05; Int. of ECH, 2018 WY 83 , ¶ 21, 423 P.3d 295, 302 (Wyo. 2018); KC, 2015 WY 73, ¶ 47 , 351 P.3d at 248 ).

12024–2024
In the Interest of: DT and NT, Minor Children.<br /> ST v. State green
wyo · 2017
2 sentences

2024“Plain error occurs when ‘1) the record is clear about the incident alleged as error; 2) there was a transgression of a clear and unequivocal rule of law; and 3) the party claiming the error was denied a substantial right resulting in material prejudice.’” Int of BG, 2023 WY 40 ¶ 29 , 528 P.3d at 412 (quoting Int. of DT, 2017 WY 36, ¶ 23 , 391 P.3d at 1143 ); Int. of JG, 742 P.2d 770, 775 (Wyo. 1987) (there must be “a ‘clear and unequivocal rule of law[] which [the] particular facts…transgress[] in a clear and obvious, not merely arguable way’”) (quoting Jahnke v. State, 692 P.2d 911, 928 (Wyo

2024“Plain error occurs when ‘1) the record is clear about the incident alleged as error; 2) there was a transgression of a clear and unequivocal rule of law; and 3) the party claiming the error was denied a substantial right resulting in material prejudice.’” Int of BG, 2023 WY 40 ¶ 29 , 528 P.3d at 412 (quoting Int. of DT, 2017 WY 36, ¶ 23 , 391 P.3d at 1143 ); Int. of JG, 742 P.2d 770, 775 (Wyo. 1987) (there must be “a ‘clear and unequivocal rule of law[] which [the] particular facts…transgress[] in a clear and obvious, not merely arguable way’”) (quoting Jahnke v. State, 692 P.2d 911, 928 (Wyo

12024–2024
In the Interest of KP v. State green
wyo · 2004
1 sentence

2022KP, 2004 WY 165, ¶ 13 , 102 P.3d at 221; In re KAA, 2001 WY 24, ¶ 8 , 18 P.3d 1159, 1161 (Wyo. 2001).

12022–2022
Shaun Kenneth Hamilton v. State green
wyo · 2017
2 sentences

2018Hamilton v. State, 2017 WY 72 , ¶ 7, 396 P.3d 1009 , 1011 (Wyo. 2017) (citing Watts v. State , 2016 WY 40 , ¶ 6, 370 P.3d 104 , 106 (Wyo. 2016) ).

2018Hamilton v. State, 2017 WY 72 , ¶ 7, 396 P.3d 1009 , 1011 (Wyo. 2017) (citing Watts v. State , 2016 WY 40 , ¶ 6, 370 P.3d 104 , 106 (Wyo. 2016) ).

12018–2018
Sanderson v. State green
wyo · 2007
1 sentence

2018Sanderson, ¶ 16, 165 P.3d at 89 . [¶34] The record clearly shows the prosecutor's argument that Mr. Buszkiewic did not make certain statements to the authorities, satisfying the first part of the plain error test.

12018–2018
Kelley v. State green
wyo · 2009
12015–2015
Andrew William Deeds green
wyo · 2014
12015–2015
Russell v. State green
wyo · 1993
11993–1993

Statutes the citing opinions construe

WY § Wyo. Stat. § 14-3-440 (5) WY § Wyo. Stat. § 6-2-314 (4) WY § Wyo. Stat. § 6-2-315 (4) WY § Wyo. Stat. § 6-2-502 (4) WY § Wyo. Stat. § 14-3-208 (3) WY § Wyo. Stat. § 14-3-414 (3) WY § Wyo. Stat. § 14-3-415 (3) WY § Wyo. Stat. § 14-3-429 (3) WY § Wyo. Stat. § 14-3-431 (3) WY § Wyo. Stat. § 14-5-101 (3) WY § Wyo. Stat. § 6-2-302 (3) WY § Wyo. Stat. § 7-21-103 (3)

Counted by distinct opinions that both name this issue and are annotated to the section; sections every opinion cites regardless of issue are not filtered here, so read the counts against the total above.

Where else courts name it

WY 42 (1993–2024) MI 6 (2023–2025) NJ 6 (2006–2026) NE 4 (2019–2021) MO 2 (1991–1991)

Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.

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