remedial clause (Pennsylvania) · Go Syfert
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remedial clause in Pennsylvania

37 Pennsylvania opinions name it 6 courts 1909–2025 2 in the last five years

The cases below were cited by Pennsylvania courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.

Followed or applied (13)

CaseFollowedCited
Verona v. Schenley Farms Co.green
pa · 1933 · cited in 9 Pennsylvania opinions naming this issue, 2017–2020
2 sentences

2020Accordingly, to the extent the rule of lenity is applicable in a statutory construction analysis, it would apply to an interpretation of the Act’s penalty provisions, rather than subsection (a) which is at issue here.14 As Justice Todd recognizes, “‘there is no impropriety in putting a literal construction on a penal clause, and a liberal construction on a remedial clause in the same statute.’” Concurring and Dissenting Op. at 5, quoting Verona v. Schenley Farms Co., 167 A. 317, 320 (Pa. 1933) (internal quotations omitted).

2020See Verona v. Schenley Farms Co., 167 A. 317, 320 (Pa. 1933) (“’[T]here is no impropriety in putting a literal construction on a penal clause, and a liberal construction on a remedial clause’ in the same statute.”); see also 3 Sutherland Statutory Construction § 60:4 (8th ed.) (approving of judicial practice of separately construing the penal and remedial provisions of a statutory scheme by strictly construing the penal ones, while liberally construing the remedial provisions, noting that this approach “serves the disparate interests of the persons the law penalizes on the one hand and benefit

49
Commonwealth v. Philistingreen
pa · 2001 · cited in 4 Pennsylvania opinions naming this issue, 2011–2025
2 sentences

2025Commonwealth v. Spotz, 716 A.2d 580, 593 (Pa. 1998); see also Commonwealth v. Philistin, 774 A.2d 741, 743 (Pa. 2001) (“Prejudice that might result from a spectator outburst can be cured through a remedial instruction to the jury.”).

2019See, e.g., Bracey, 662 A.2d at 1072 ; Commonwealth v. Johnson, 542 Pa. 384 , 668 A.2d 97, 104-05 (Pa. 1995); Commonwealth v. Styles, 494 Pa. 524 , 431 A.2d 978, 980-81 (Pa. 1981). "[U]nless the unavoidable effect of the incident is to deny the defendant a fair trial, there is no error." Philistin, 774 A.2d at 743 ; Johnson, 668 A.2d at 104 .

24
Commonwealth v. Jonesgreen
pa · 2011 · cited in 3 Pennsylvania opinions naming this issue, 2015–2017
2 sentences

2017Commonwealth v. Sanchez, 36 A.3d 24 , 47–48 (Pa. 2011).

2016In response to allegedly prejudicial conduct by spectators, “[t]he trial court may implement any appropriate remedy requested, including offering a remedial instruction, removing the responsible spectator, or declaring a mistrial.” Commonwealth v. Sanchez, 36 A.3d 24, 47 (Pa. 2011).

23
Commonwealth v. Johnsongreen
pa · 1995 · cited in 2 Pennsylvania opinions naming this issue, 2011–2019
2 sentences

2019See, e.g., Bracey, 662 A.2d at 1072 ; Commonwealth v. Johnson, 542 Pa. 384 , 668 A.2d 97, 104-05 (Pa. 1995); Commonwealth v. Styles, 494 Pa. 524 , 431 A.2d 978, 980-81 (Pa. 1981). "[U]nless the unavoidable effect of the incident is to deny the defendant a fair trial, there is no error." Philistin, 774 A.2d at 743 ; Johnson, 668 A.2d at 104 .

2019See, e.g., Bracey, 662 A.2d at 1072 ; Commonwealth v. Johnson, 542 Pa. 384 , 668 A.2d 97, 104-05 (Pa. 1995); Commonwealth v. Styles, 494 Pa. 524 , 431 A.2d 978, 980-81 (Pa. 1981). "[U]nless the unavoidable effect of the incident is to deny the defendant a fair trial, there is no error." Philistin, 774 A.2d at 743 ; Johnson, 668 A.2d at 104 .

22
Commonwealth v. Stylesgreen
pa · 1981 · cited in 2 Pennsylvania opinions naming this issue, 2011–2019
2 sentences

2019See, e.g., Bracey, 662 A.2d at 1072 ; Commonwealth v. Johnson, 542 Pa. 384 , 668 A.2d 97, 104-05 (Pa. 1995); Commonwealth v. Styles, 494 Pa. 524 , 431 A.2d 978, 980-81 (Pa. 1981). "[U]nless the unavoidable effect of the incident is to deny the defendant a fair trial, there is no error." Philistin, 774 A.2d at 743 ; Johnson, 668 A.2d at 104 .

2019See, e.g., Bracey, 662 A.2d at 1072 ; Commonwealth v. Johnson, 542 Pa. 384 , 668 A.2d 97, 104-05 (Pa. 1995); Commonwealth v. Styles, 494 Pa. 524 , 431 A.2d 978, 980-81 (Pa. 1981). "[U]nless the unavoidable effect of the incident is to deny the defendant a fair trial, there is no error." Philistin, 774 A.2d at 743 ; Johnson, 668 A.2d at 104 .

22
Commonwealth v. Braceygreen
pa · 1995 · cited in 2 Pennsylvania opinions naming this issue, 2011–2019
2 sentences

2019See, e.g., Bracey, 662 A.2d at 1072 ; Commonwealth v. Johnson, 542 Pa. 384 , 668 A.2d 97, 104-05 (Pa. 1995); Commonwealth v. Styles, 494 Pa. 524 , 431 A.2d 978, 980-81 (Pa. 1981). "[U]nless the unavoidable effect of the incident is to deny the defendant a fair trial, there is no error." Philistin, 774 A.2d at 743 ; Johnson, 668 A.2d at 104 .

2011See, e.g., Bracey, 662 A.2d at 1072 ; Commonwealth v. Johnson, 542 Pa. 384 , 668 A.2d 97, 104-05 (1995); Commonwealth v. Styles, 494 Pa. 524 , 431 A.2d 978, 980-81 (1981). “[U]nless the unavoidable effect of the incident is to deny the defendant a fair trial, there is no error.” Philistin, 774 A.2d at 743 ; Johnson, 668 A.2d at 104 .

22
O'ROURKE v. Commonwealthgreen
pa · 2001 · cited in 2 Pennsylvania opinions naming this issue, 2018–2018
2 sentences

2018See O'Rourke , 778 A.2d at 1203 n. 11 (penalty provisions for violations of the Whistleblower Law did not render the law penal in nature, due to the fact that they were "secondary to - and supportive of - the primary purpose of the statute" which was remedial); see generally Verona v. Schenley Farms Co. , 312 Pa. 57 , 167 A. 317 , 320 (1933) ("[T]here is no impropriety in putting a literal construction on a penal clause, and a liberal construction on a remedial clause in the same statute."). 22 In our review of this legislative history, we do not find the change in language from "a calendar ye

2018See O’Rourke, 778 A.2d at 1203 n. 11 (penalty provisions for violations of the Whistleblower Law did not render the law penal in nature, due to the fact that they were “secondary to — and supportive of — the primary purpose of the statute” which was remedial); see generally Verona v. Schenley Farms Co., 167 A. 317, 320 (Pa. 1933) (“[T]here is no impropriety in putting a literal construction on a penal clause, and a liberal construction on a remedial clause in the same statute.”). 22 In our review of this legislative history, we do not find the change in language from “a calendar year” in the e

22
Vann v. Commonwealth, Unemployment Compensation Board of Reviewgreen
pacommwct · 1984 · cited in 2 Pennsylvania opinions naming this issue, 1985–1985
2 sentences

1985To require the referee to advise the claimant as to the strength of his case at any point in the hearing because he is not represented by counsel “casts the referee in the role of surrogate counsel and advocate for the claimant.” 81 Pa.Cmwlth. 189, 194 , 473 A.2d 237, 239 (Doyle, J. dissenting).

1985To require the referee to advise the claimant as to the strength of his case at any point in the hearing because he is not represented by counsel “casts the referee in the role of surrogate counsel and advocate for the claimant.” 81 Pa.Cmwlth. 189, 194 , 473 A.2d 237, 239 (Doyle, J. dissenting).

22
Commonwealth v. Spotzgreen
pa · 1998 · cited in 1 Pennsylvania opinions naming this issue, 2025–2025
1 sentence

2025Commonwealth v. Spotz, 716 A.2d 580, 593 (Pa. 1998); see also Commonwealth v. Philistin, 774 A.2d 741, 743 (Pa. 2001) (“Prejudice that might result from a spectator outburst can be cured through a remedial instruction to the jury.”).

11
Davis v. United Statesgreen
scotus · 2011 · cited in 1 Pennsylvania opinions naming this issue, 2020–2020
1 sentence

2020Cf. Davis v. United States, 564 U.S. 229, 254 (2011) (“The Court's ‘good faith’ exception (unlike, say, inevitable discovery, a remedial doctrine that applies only upon occasion) creates ‘a categorical bar to obtaining redress’ in every case pending when a precedent is overturned.”) (internal citation omitted).

11
Commonwealth v. Savagegreen
pa · 1992 · cited in 1 Pennsylvania opinions naming this issue, 2001–2001
2 sentences

2001Commonwealth v. Savage, 529 Pa. 108, 116 , 602 A.2d 309, 312-13 (1992); Commonwealth v. Marshall, 523 Pa. 556, 569 , 568 A.2d 590, 596 (1989).

2001Commonwealth v. Savage, 529 Pa. 108, 116 , 602 A.2d 309, 312-13 (1992); Commonwealth v. Marshall, 523 Pa. 556, 569 , 568 A.2d 590, 596 (1989).

11
Commonwealth v. Marshallgreen
pa · 1989 · cited in 1 Pennsylvania opinions naming this issue, 2001–2001
2 sentences

2001Commonwealth v. Savage, 529 Pa. 108, 116 , 602 A.2d 309, 312-13 (1992); Commonwealth v. Marshall, 523 Pa. 556, 569 , 568 A.2d 590, 596 (1989).

2001Commonwealth v. Savage, 529 Pa. 108, 116 , 602 A.2d 309, 312-13 (1992); Commonwealth v. Marshall, 523 Pa. 556, 569 , 568 A.2d 590, 596 (1989).

11
Libengood v. Pennsylvania Railroadgreen
pa · 1947 · cited in 1 Pennsylvania opinions naming this issue, 1987–1987
2 sentences

1987Co., 358 Pa. 7, 11 , 55 A.2d 756, 758 (1947); also see Springer v. County of Allegheny, 401 Pa. 557 , 165 A.2d 383 (1960) and Commonwealth v. Rough, 275 Pa.Super. 50 , 61 n. 5, 418 A.2d 605 , 611 n. 5 (1980).

1987Co., 358 Pa. 7, 11 , 55 A.2d 756, 758 (1947); also see Springer v. County of Allegheny, 401 Pa. 557 , 165 A.2d 383 (1960) and Commonwealth v. Rough, 275 Pa.Super. 50 , 61 n. 5, 418 A.2d 605 , 611 n. 5 (1980).

11

Distinguished, questioned or overruled (1)

CaseNegativeCited
Verona v. Schenley Farms Co.green
pa · 1933 · cited in 9 Pennsylvania opinions naming this issue, 2017–2020
2 sentences

2020Accordingly, to the extent the rule of lenity is applicable in a statutory construction analysis, it would apply to an interpretation of the Act’s penalty provisions, rather than subsection (a) which is at issue here.14 As Justice Todd recognizes, “‘there is no impropriety in putting a literal construction on a penal clause, and a liberal construction on a remedial clause in the same statute.’” Concurring and Dissenting Op. at 5, quoting Verona v. Schenley Farms Co., 167 A. 317, 320 (Pa. 1933) (internal quotations omitted).

2020See Verona v. Schenley Farms Co., 167 A. 317, 320 (Pa. 1933) (“’[T]here is no impropriety in putting a literal construction on a penal clause, and a liberal construction on a remedial clause’ in the same statute.”); see also 3 Sutherland Statutory Construction § 60:4 (8th ed.) (approving of judicial practice of separately construing the penal and remedial provisions of a statutory scheme by strictly construing the penal ones, while liberally construing the remedial provisions, noting that this approach “serves the disparate interests of the persons the law penalizes on the one hand and benefit

59

Also cited on this issue (20)

CaseCitedYears
Commonwealth v. Shaleen neutral
pa · 1906
2 sentences

1948Plaintiff’s contention that the statute is penal and must therefore be strictly construed, overlooks the settled rule that ‘there is no impropriety in putting a literal construction on a penal clause and a liberal construction on a remedial clause’ in the same statute: Com. v. Shaleen, 215 Pa. 595 , 64 A. 797 .

1948Plaintiff’s contention that the statute is penal and must therefore be strictly construed, overlooks the settled rule that ‘there is no impropriety in putting a literal construction on a penal clause and a liberal construction on a remedial clause’ in the same statute: Com. v. Shaleen, 215 Pa. 595 , 64 A. 797 .

101909–1959
Alford v. Raschiatore green
pasuperct · 1948
2 sentences

1959Commonwealth v. Shaleen, 215 Pa. 595 , 64 A. 797 ; Alford v. Raschiatore, 163 Pa. Superior Ct. 635 , 63 A. 2d 366 .

1959Commonwealth v. Shaleen, 215 Pa. 595 , 64 A. 797 ; Alford v. Raschiatore, 163 Pa. Superior Ct. 635 , 63 A. 2d 366 .

31949–1959
United States v. Stowell green
scotus · 1890
2 sentences

1948In considering its meaning, it is also important to note that the requirement of the license is in aid of the collection of the revenue payable by brokers pursuant to the Act of 1907, supra. It is settled that ‘statutes to prevent frauds upon the revenue are considered as enacted for the public good and to suppress a public wrong, and therefore, although they impose penalties or forfeitures, are not to be construed, like penal laws generally, strictly in favor of the defendant; but they are to be fairly and reasonably construed, so as to carry out the intention of the legislature’: United Stat

1933In considering its meaning, it is also important to note that the requirement of the license is in aid of the collection of the revenue payable by brokers pursuant to the Act of 1907, supra. It is settled that “statutes to prevent frauds upon the revenue are considered as enacted for the public good and to suppress a public wrong, and therefore, although they impose penalties or forfeitures, are not to be construed, like penal laws generally, strictly in favor of the defendant; but they are to be fairly and reasonably construed, so as to carry out the intention of the legislature”: United Stat

21933–1948
United States v. Ryan green
scotus · 1931
2 sentences

1948In considering its meaning, it is also important to note that the requirement of the license is in aid of the collection of the revenue payable by brokers pursuant to the Act of 1907, supra. It is settled that ‘statutes to prevent frauds upon the revenue are considered as enacted for the public good and to suppress a public wrong, and therefore, although they impose penalties or forfeitures, are not to be construed, like penal laws generally, strictly in favor of the defendant; but they are to be fairly and reasonably construed, so as to carry out the intention of the legislature’: United Stat

1933In considering its meaning, it is also important to note that the requirement of the license is in aid of the collection of the revenue payable by brokers pursuant to the Act of 1907, supra. It is settled that “statutes to prevent frauds upon the revenue are considered as enacted for the public good and to suppress a public wrong, and therefore, although they impose penalties or forfeitures, are not to be construed, like penal laws generally, strictly in favor of the defendant; but they are to be fairly and reasonably construed, so as to carry out the intention of the legislature”: United Stat

21933–1948
Nextel Communications of the Mid-Atlantic, Inc. v. Commonwealth, Department of Revenue green
pa · 2017
1 sentence

2025Moreover, if this Court 12 allows the Commonwealth to, as Dow puts it, “collect additional taxes from Dow in the future[,]” Dow will be treated differently than “other similarly situated corporations based solely on an ‘arbitrary and unreasonable classification which is prohibited by the Uniformity Clause.’” Dow’s Br. at 22 (quoting Nextel II, 171 A.3d at 699 ).

12025–2025
Morales v. Vaughn, Superintendent, State Correctional Institution at Graterford green
scotus · 2002
1 sentence

2016Commonwealth v. Philistin, 774 A.2d 741, 743 (Pa. 2001), cert. denied, 536 U.S. 907 (2002) (citations and quotation marks omitted).

12016–2016
Commonwealth v. Schimelfenig green
pa · 1987
2 sentences

1988We are guided by the remedial rule contained in Chapter 100 of the Rules of Criminal Procedure, Rule 150, and this court's consideration of that rule's applicability to Pa.R. *39 Crim.P. 130 in Commonwealth v. Schimelfenig, 361 Pa.Super. 325 , 522 A.2d 605 (1987).

1988We are guided by the remedial rule contained in Chapter 100 of the Rules of Criminal Procedure, Rule 150, and this court's consideration of that rule's applicability to Pa.R. *39 Crim.P. 130 in Commonwealth v. Schimelfenig, 361 Pa.Super. 325 , 522 A.2d 605 (1987).

11988–1988
Springer v. Allegheny County green
pa · 1960
2 sentences

1987Co., 358 Pa. 7, 11 , 55 A.2d 756, 758 (1947); also see Springer v. County of Allegheny, 401 Pa. 557 , 165 A.2d 383 (1960) and Commonwealth v. Rough, 275 Pa.Super. 50 , 61 n. 5, 418 A.2d 605 , 611 n. 5 (1980).

1987Co., 358 Pa. 7, 11 , 55 A.2d 756, 758 (1947); also see Springer v. County of Allegheny, 401 Pa. 557 , 165 A.2d 383 (1960) and Commonwealth v. Rough, 275 Pa.Super. 50 , 61 n. 5, 418 A.2d 605 , 611 n. 5 (1980).

11987–1987
Commonwealth v. Rough green
pasuperct · 1980
2 sentences

1987Co., 358 Pa. 7, 11 , 55 A.2d 756, 758 (1947); also see Springer v. County of Allegheny, 401 Pa. 557 , 165 A.2d 383 (1960) and Commonwealth v. Rough, 275 Pa.Super. 50 , 61 n. 5, 418 A.2d 605 , 611 n. 5 (1980).

1987Co., 358 Pa. 7, 11 , 55 A.2d 756, 758 (1947); also see Springer v. County of Allegheny, 401 Pa. 557 , 165 A.2d 383 (1960) and Commonwealth v. Rough, 275 Pa.Super. 50 , 61 n. 5, 418 A.2d 605 , 611 n. 5 (1980).

11987–1987
Ziemba v. Hagerty green
pa · 1969
2 sentences

1979Otherwise, it must be pleaded as an affirmative defense by way of new matter in a responsive pleading: Rule 1030; Ziemba v. Hagerty, 436 Pa. 179 , 259 A. 2d 876 (1969).

1979Otherwise, it must be pleaded as an affirmative defense by way of new matter in a responsive pleading: Rule 1030; Ziemba v. Hagerty, 436 Pa. 179 , 259 A. 2d 876 (1969).

11979–1979
Incollingo v. Ewing green
pa · 1971
1 sentence

1978Thus, in Incollingo v. Ewing, 444 Pa. 263 , 282 A. 2d 206 (1971), original defendant, a druggist, was permitted to join as additional defendants, both the manufacturer of the drug and the physician who prescribed its use.

11978–1978
Incollingo v. EWING green
pa · 1971
1 sentence

1978Thus, in Incollingo v. Ewing, 444 Pa. 263 , 282 A. 2d 206 (1971), original defendant, a druggist, was permitted to join as additional defendants, both the manufacturer of the drug and the physician who prescribed its use.

11978–1978
Coppage v. Smith green
pa · 1955
2 sentences

1978As a remedial rule, it has been liberally construed and applied: Ragan v. Steen, supra; Coppage v. Smith, 381 Pa. 400 , 113 A. 2d 247 (1955); Pa.R.C.P. 126.

1978As a remedial rule, it has been liberally construed and applied: Ragan v. Steen, supra; Coppage v. Smith, 381 Pa. 400 , 113 A. 2d 247 (1955); Pa.R.C.P. 126.

11978–1978
Commonwealth v. Murray green
pa · 1970
2 sentences

1974Commonwealth v. Murray, 437 Pa. 326 , 263 A. 2d 886 (1970).

1974Commonwealth v. Murray, 437 Pa. 326 , 263 A. 2d 886 (1970).

11974–1974
Commonwealth v. McCloskey green
pa · 1971
1 sentence

1974Upon review of the history of the grand jury proceedings and the fundamental privilege against self-incrimination, “[i]n seeking to balance society’s interest in the grand jury’s freedom of orderly inquiry and a *64 witness’s right to exercise Ms privilege against self incrimination knowingly and intelligently,” Commonwealth v. McCloskey, supra at 143, 277 A.2d at 777 , we conclude that the McCloskey rule is to be interpreted broadly as a remedial rule 9 and that the evidence in tMs case satisfies the “in any way based” language of McCloshey.

11974–1974
Commonwealth v. YASTE green
pasuperct · 1950
1 sentence

1959As stated by Judge Hirt in Commonwealth v. Yaste, supra, at page 277: . . courts may put a literal construction on a penal clause and a liberal construction on a remedial clause in the same statute.

11959–1959
Bechtel's Election Expenses green
pasuperct · 1909
1 sentence

1933Bechtel’s Election Expenses, supra. In the opinion in that case, the late Judge Head quoted with approval from the opinion in Com. v. Shaleen, 215 Pa. 595 , 597: “ ‘There is no impropriety in putting a literal construction on a penal clause and a liberal construction on a remedial clause in the same act of parliament.’ This was said by Chief Justice Best in Short v. Hubbard, 2 Bing. 349, 9 E.

11933–1933
Mugler v. Kansas green
· 1887
11926–1926
Lee v. Marsh neutral
pa · 1911
11916–1916
Stull v. Reber green
pa · 1906
11909–1909

Where else courts name it

OH 147 (1980–2026) PA 37 (1909–2025) IL 28 (2003–2026) WA 14 (2002–2022) MD 11 (1946–2020) GA 10 (1921–2019) TX 9 (1980–2023) ND 7 (1992–2015) CA 7 (1980–2025) MI 5 (2001–2004) AR 5 (2003–2018) ID 4 (1997–2021) AZ 4 (2012–2018) NY 4 (1992–2020) WI 3 (1975–2010) OR 3 (1929–2023) NJ 3 (1957–1991) NC 3 (1985–2002) MN 3 (1992–2001) MO 3 (1917–2022) VT 2 (1992–1993) OK 2 (2000–2001) DE 2 (2024–2025) CO 2 (1992–2012) FL 2 (1992–2014)

Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.

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