Whatever error (California) · Go Syfert
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Whatever error in California

34 California opinions name it 3 courts 1907–2025 7 in the last five years

The cases below were cited by California courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.

Followed or applied (15)

CaseFollowedCited
Chapman v. Californiared
scotus · 1967 · cited in 3 California opinions naming this issue, 1972–2024
2 sentences

2024“Under traditional application of this state’s harmless error rule, the test of prejudice is whether it is ‘reasonably probable that a result more favorable to the defendant would have occurred had the district attorney refrained from the comment attacked by the defendant.’ ” (People v. Bolton, supra, 23 Cal.3d at p. 214 ; see People v. Watson (1956) 46 Cal.2d 818, 836 .) If constitutional error is involved, then the burden shifts to the state “to prove beyond a reasonable doubt that the error complained of did not contribute to the verdict obtained.” (Chapman v. California (1967) 386 U.S. 18,

1979(See, e.g., People v. Lambert (1975) 52 Cal.App.3d 905, 911 [ 125 Cal.Rptr. 404 ].) Under traditional application of this state’s harmless error rule, the test of prejudice is whether it is “reasonably probable that a result more favorable to the defendant would have occurred had the district attorney refrained from the comment attacked by the defendant. [Citations.]” (People v. Beivelman (1968) 70 Cal.2d 60, 75 [ 73 Cal.Rptr. 521 , 447 P.2d 913 ].) However, if federal constitutional error is involved, then the burden shifts to the state “to prove beyond a reasonable doubt that the error compl

23
Eastern Air Transport, Inc. v. South Carolina Tax Commissiongreen
scotus · 1932 · cited in 2 California opinions naming this issue, 1950–1950
2 sentences

1950(Eastern Air Transport v. South Carolina Tax Comm., 285 U.S. 147, 153 [ 52 S.Ct. 340 , 76 L.Ed. 673 ].) Whatever immunity might attach to the interstate carriage of cargo does not extend to the delivery of food and fuel for consumption on the carrier.

1950(Eastern Air Transport v. South Carolina Tax Comm., 285 U.S. 147, 153 [ 52 S.Ct. 340 , 76 L.Ed. 673 ].) Whatever immunity might attach to the interstate carriage of cargo does not extend to the delivery of food and fuel for consumption on the carrier.

22
People v. Boltongreen
cal · 1979 · cited in 2 California opinions naming this issue, 2015–2024
2 sentences

2024“Under traditional application of this state’s harmless error rule, the test of prejudice is whether it is ‘reasonably probable that a result more favorable to the defendant would have occurred had the district attorney refrained from the comment attacked by the defendant.’ ” (People v. Bolton, supra, 23 Cal.3d at p. 214 ; see People v. Watson (1956) 46 Cal.2d 818, 836 .) If constitutional error is involved, then the burden shifts to the state “to prove beyond a reasonable doubt that the error complained of did not contribute to the verdict obtained.” (Chapman v. California (1967) 386 U.S. 18,

2015(See Bolton, supra, 23 Cal.3d at p. 214 [“Whatever test of prejudice this court applies to the present case, it is certain that any reasonable jury would have reached the same verdict even in the absence of the prosecutor’s remarks.”].) III.

12
Burlington Northern & Santa Fe Railway Co. v. United Statesgreen
scotus · 2009 · cited in 2 California opinions naming this issue, 2017–2017
2 sentences

2017(See *167 Burlington Northern , supra , 556 U.S. at p. 602 , 129 S.Ct. 1870 [one purpose of CERCLA was to ensure cleanup costs "were borne by those responsible for the contamination"].) Whatever factors are appropriate in making an equitable allocation under the HSAA, party responsibility for contributing to the contamination must be part of the analysis.

2017(See *167 Burlington Northern , supra , 556 U.S. at p. 602 , 129 S.Ct. 1870 [one purpose of CERCLA was to ensure cleanup costs "were borne by those responsible for the contamination"].) Whatever factors are appropriate in making an equitable allocation under the HSAA, party responsibility for contributing to the contamination must be part of the analysis.

12
In Re Mosergreen
cal · 1993 · cited in 1 California opinions naming this issue, 2025–2025
1 sentence

2025(People v. Dillard (2017) 8 Cal.App.5th 657, 665 , italics added; see also In re Moser (1993) 6 Cal.4th 342, 352 [“a defendant . . . is entitled to relief based upon a trial court’s misadvisement only if the defendant establishes that he or she was prejudiced by the misadvisement, i.e., that the defendant would not have entered the plea of guilty had the trial court given a proper advisement”]; People v. Walker, supra, 54 Cal.3d at pp. 1022-1023 [“ ‘Unlike an uninformed waiver of the specified constitutional rights [i.e., to trial by jury, to confront and cross-examine witnesses, and against s

11
People v. Watsongreen
cal · 1956 · cited in 1 California opinions naming this issue, 2024–2024
1 sentence

2024“Under traditional application of this state’s harmless error rule, the test of prejudice is whether it is ‘reasonably probable that a result more favorable to the defendant would have occurred had the district attorney refrained from the comment attacked by the defendant.’ ” (People v. Bolton, supra, 23 Cal.3d at p. 214 ; see People v. Watson (1956) 46 Cal.2d 818, 836 .) If constitutional error is involved, then the burden shifts to the state “to prove beyond a reasonable doubt that the error complained of did not contribute to the verdict obtained.” (Chapman v. California (1967) 386 U.S. 18,

11
People v. Lopezgreen
calctapp · 2005 · cited in 1 California opinions naming this issue, 2013–2013
1 sentence

2013We respect the spirit of the People‟s argument but doubt that it would be a sensible use of public funds, in light of the presumption that a defendant sentenced to state prison lacks a “reasonably discernible future financial ability to reimburse the costs of his or her defense” absent a finding of “unusual circumstances.” (§ 987.8, subd. (g)(2)(B); see People v. Lopez (2005) 129 Cal.App.4th 1508, 1537 .) Whatever defendant‟s earning capacity might have been before his incarceration, it is doubtful that he will be working as an electrician in the near 30 future given his sentence of life witho

11
People v. Boydgreen
cal · 1985 · cited in 1 California opinions naming this issue, 1988–1988
2 sentences

1988(See People v. Boyd (1985) 38 Cal.3d 762, 772-779 [ 215 Cal.Rptr. 1 , 700 P.2d 782 ].) Whatever error occurred, however, was nonprejudicial under any standard: the record does not suggest that any extraneous “factors” were in fact presented to or considered by the jury.

1988(See People v. Boyd (1985) 38 Cal.3d 762, 772-779 [ 215 Cal.Rptr. 1 , 700 P.2d 782 ].) Whatever error occurred, however, was nonprejudicial under any standard: the record does not suggest that any extraneous “factors” were in fact presented to or considered by the jury.

11
People v. Lambertgreen
calctapp · 1975 · cited in 1 California opinions naming this issue, 1979–1979
11
People v. Beivelmangreen
cal · 1968 · cited in 1 California opinions naming this issue, 1979–1979
11
People v. Nealgreen
calctapp · 1942 · cited in 1 California opinions naming this issue, 1975–1975
11
Frost v. Superior Courtgreen
calctapp · 1919 · cited in 1 California opinions naming this issue, 1968–1968
11
People Ex Rel. Department of Public Works v. Nahabediangreen
calctapp · 1959 · cited in 1 California opinions naming this issue, 1960–1960
11
People v. Talbotgreen
cal · 1934 · cited in 1 California opinions naming this issue, 1956–1956
11
People v. Coltongreen
calctapp · 1949 · cited in 1 California opinions naming this issue, 1956–1956
11

Distinguished, questioned or overruled (0)

CaseNegativeCited
No negative-treatment citations attached to this issue in California. Read the followed side critically anyway.

Also cited on this issue (41)

CaseCitedYears
Maxon v. Jones green
cal · 1900
2 sentences

1923(Maxon v. Jones, 128 Cal. 77 [ 60 Pac. 516 ]; Estate of Willard, 139 Cal. 501 [64 L.

1923(Maxon v. Jones, 128 Cal. 77 [ 60 Pac. 516 ]; Estate of Willard, 139 Cal. 501 [64 L.

21909–1923
Estate of Willard green
· 1903
2 sentences

1923(Maxon v. Jones, 128 Cal. 77 [ 60 Pac. 516 ]; Estate of Willard, 139 Cal. 501 [64 L.

1909(McKee v. Hunt, 142 Cal. 526 , [ 77 Pac. 1103 ]; Estate of Scott, 1 Cal. App. 742 , [ 83 Pac. 85 ]; Maxon v. Jones, 128 Cal. 77 , [ 60 Pac. 516 ]; Sterritt v. Barker, 119 Cal. 495 , [ 51 Pac. 695 ]; Briggs v. Breen, 123 Cal. 657 , [ 56 Pac. 633, 886 ]; McKee v. Soher, 138 Cal. 367 , [ 71 Pac. 438, 649 ]; Estate of Willard, 139 Cal. 501 , [ 73 Pac. 240 ].) The rule is thus stated in the marginal note to section 356, Woerner’s American Law of Administration: “Executors and administrators cannot bind the estate by any contract, although assuming to do so, but they are primarily liable to the cred

21909–1923
People v. Lucas green
cal · 1995
1 sentence

2025Counsel Was Not Ineffective for Allowing the Questions “The decision whether to object to evidence at trial is a matter of tactics and, because of the deference accorded such decisions on appeal, will seldom establish that counsel was incompetent.” (People v. Lucas, supra, 12 Cal.4th at p. 444 .) Whatever objection defense counsel may have been able to raise to the questions identified, the record suggests a sound tactical reason not to.

12025–2025
People v. Walker green
cal · 1991
1 sentence

2025(People v. Dillard (2017) 8 Cal.App.5th 657, 665 , italics added; see also In re Moser (1993) 6 Cal.4th 342, 352 [“a defendant . . . is entitled to relief based upon a trial court’s misadvisement only if the defendant establishes that he or she was prejudiced by the misadvisement, i.e., that the defendant would not have entered the plea of guilty had the trial court given a proper advisement”]; People v. Walker, supra, 54 Cal.3d at pp. 1022-1023 [“ ‘Unlike an uninformed waiver of the specified constitutional rights [i.e., to trial by jury, to confront and cross-examine witnesses, and against s

12025–2025
People v. Clancey green
cal · 2013
1 sentence

2025In this regard we note the Clancey court expressly declined to “announce a rule that when a trial court offers an indicated sentence, it must advise the defendant of the opportunity to withdraw the plea if the court later decides not to impose the indicated sentence.” (People v. Clancey, supra, 56 Cal.4th at pp. 583-584.) The court also noted that section 1018 authorizes a court to permit a defendant to withdraw a plea of guilty or no contest “for a good cause shown,”8 but it expressly declined to determine what “standard should govern the withdrawal of a plea after a trial court declines to i

12025–2025
People v. Dillard green
calctapp · 2017
1 sentence

2025(People v. Dillard (2017) 8 Cal.App.5th 657, 665 , italics added; see also In re Moser (1993) 6 Cal.4th 342, 352 [“a defendant . . . is entitled to relief based upon a trial court’s misadvisement only if the defendant establishes that he or she was prejudiced by the misadvisement, i.e., that the defendant would not have entered the plea of guilty had the trial court given a proper advisement”]; People v. Walker, supra, 54 Cal.3d at pp. 1022-1023 [“ ‘Unlike an uninformed waiver of the specified constitutional rights [i.e., to trial by jury, to confront and cross-examine witnesses, and against s

12025–2025
People v. Archer CA2/7 green
calctapp · 2014
1 sentence

2025In this regard we note the Clancey court expressly declined to “announce a rule that when a trial court offers an indicated sentence, it must advise the defendant of the opportunity to withdraw the plea if the court later decides not to impose the indicated sentence.” (People v. Clancey, supra, 56 Cal.4th at pp. 583-584.) The court also noted that section 1018 authorizes a court to permit a defendant to withdraw a plea of guilty or no contest “for a good cause shown,”8 but it expressly declined to determine what “standard should govern the withdrawal of a plea after a trial court declines to i

12025–2025
The People v. Mai green
cal · 2013
1 sentence

2022(People v. Mai (2013) 57 Cal.4th 986, 1009 .) H.

12022–2022
People v. Lau green
calctapp · 1986
1 sentence

2021(Ibid.) The court explained: “Whatever defendant’s subjective intent, the substitution of counsel on the morning of trial would certainly have led to a continuance, and the trial court properly found that such a disruption would be unreasonable under the circumstances.” (Ibid.) In People v. Lau (1986) 177 Cal.App.3d 473 at page 479, the defendant asked to substitute retained counsel for appointed counsel on the first day of trial, “literally the moment jury selection was to begin.” After noting the motion was untimely, the trial court asked him to explain why he was dissatisfied with appointed

12021–2021
Grace v. Mansourian CA4/3 green
calctapp · 2015
1 sentence

2021“To justify denial of a request, a party must have a ‘reasonable ground’ to believe he would prevail on the issue. [Citations.] That means more than a hope or a roll of the dice.” (Grace v. Mansourian (2015) 240 Cal.App.4th 523, 532 .) Whatever defendants may have believed about their contention ALADS lacked standing to recover the funds in its own PAC account, nothing prevented them from admitting the 31 facts they were asked to admit related to their taking $100,000 from the PAC account and returning it 17 days later.

12021–2021
DKN Holdings LLC v. Faerber green
cal · 2015
1 sentence

2021(See generally DKN Holdings LLC v. Faerber (2015) 61 Cal.4th 813, 823-825 .) Whatever defendant chooses to label his contention, we conclude that it is meritless. 15 existence, and it is not clear that it would have been an appealable order.

12021–2021
People v. Pre green
calctapp · 2004
1 sentence

2020A defendant’s state of mind must, in the absence of the defendant’s own statements, be established by the circumstances surrounding the commission of the offense.’ [Citations.]” (People v. Baker (2002) 98 Cal.App.4th 1217, 13 . 1223.) Although undue weight should not be given to the severity of the victim’s wounds because severe injuries may be consistent with a desire to kill, heat of passion, or an explosion of violence (People v. Mungia (2008) 44 Cal.4th 1101, 1137 ), the nature and extent of the injuries inflicted nevertheless may be considered in assessing intent (People v. Pre (2004) 117

12020–2020
People v. Baker green
calctapp · 2002
1 sentence

2020A defendant’s state of mind must, in the absence of the defendant’s own statements, be established by the circumstances surrounding the commission of the offense.’ [Citations.]” (People v. Baker (2002) 98 Cal.App.4th 1217, 13 . 1223.) Although undue weight should not be given to the severity of the victim’s wounds because severe injuries may be consistent with a desire to kill, heat of passion, or an explosion of violence (People v. Mungia (2008) 44 Cal.4th 1101, 1137 ), the nature and extent of the injuries inflicted nevertheless may be considered in assessing intent (People v. Pre (2004) 117

12020–2020
People v. Mungia green
cal · 2008
1 sentence

2020A defendant’s state of mind must, in the absence of the defendant’s own statements, be established by the circumstances surrounding the commission of the offense.’ [Citations.]” (People v. Baker (2002) 98 Cal.App.4th 1217, 13 . 1223.) Although undue weight should not be given to the severity of the victim’s wounds because severe injuries may be consistent with a desire to kill, heat of passion, or an explosion of violence (People v. Mungia (2008) 44 Cal.4th 1101, 1137 ), the nature and extent of the injuries inflicted nevertheless may be considered in assessing intent (People v. Pre (2004) 117

12020–2020
Neder v. United States green
scotus · 1999
1 sentence

2016“Our task, then, is to determine ‘whether the record contains evidence that could rationally lead to a contrary finding with respect to the omitted element.’” (People v. Mil (2012) 53 Cal.4th 400, 417 , quoting Neder v. United States (1999) 527 U.S. 1, 19 .) Whatever defendant knew before he went to lunch, the evidence supports that by the time he entered the door of the business he knew a murder, or a grave risk of death, was in the offing.

12016–2016
People v. Mil green
cal · 2012
1 sentence

2016“Our task, then, is to determine ‘whether the record contains evidence that could rationally lead to a contrary finding with respect to the omitted element.’” (People v. Mil (2012) 53 Cal.4th 400, 417 , quoting Neder v. United States (1999) 527 U.S. 1, 19 .) Whatever defendant knew before he went to lunch, the evidence supports that by the time he entered the door of the business he knew a murder, or a grave risk of death, was in the offing.

12016–2016
Yield Dynamics, Inc. v. TEA Systems Corp. green
calctapp · 2007
1 sentence

2014Since it is defendants’ burden as appellants to identify and demonstrate prejudicial error in the judgment or order appealed (Yield Dynamics, supra, 154 Cal.App.4th at pp. 556-557; In re Marriage of McLaughlin (2000) 82 Cal.App.4th 327, 337 ), and defendants have not done so with respect to the attorney fee order, we deem the 18 argument forfeited and disregard the last two paragraphs of this argument section.

12014–2014
McLaughlin v. McLaughlin green
calctapp · 2000
1 sentence

2014Since it is defendants’ burden as appellants to identify and demonstrate prejudicial error in the judgment or order appealed (Yield Dynamics, supra, 154 Cal.App.4th at pp. 556-557; In re Marriage of McLaughlin (2000) 82 Cal.App.4th 327, 337 ), and defendants have not done so with respect to the attorney fee order, we deem the 18 argument forfeited and disregard the last two paragraphs of this argument section.

12014–2014
Charles Bland, Jr. v. California Department of Corrections Attorney General of the State of California green
ca9 · 1994
1 sentence

2001Indeed, the vagueness of his complaints supported the court’s apparent finding that the motion was motivated not by any genuine dissatisfaction with counsel but by a desire to delay the trial. [¶] Whatever defendant’s subjective intent, the substitution of counsel on the morning of trial would certainly have led to a continuance, and the trial court properly found that such a disruption would be unreasonable under the circumstances.” (Ibid., fn. omitted.) Bland, supra, 20 F.3d 1469 , also addressed the timeliness of the defendant’s motion to discharge retained counsel, who had already been hel

12001–2001
People v. Brown green
cal · 1985
1 sentence

1988Finally, defendant may be understood to allege that the court erred by failing to instruct the jury, sua sponte, in accordance with the charge we subsequently required in People v. Brown, supra, 40 Cal.3d 512, 544 , footnote 17.

11988–1988
Phillipson v. Board of Administration, Public Employees' Retirement System green
cal · 1970
11986–1986
French v. French red
cal · 1941
2 sentences

1986However, in the final judgment, for which Larry himself petitioned, the trial court unequivocally awarded Darlene one-half of Larry’s “retirement benefits received from the United States Marine Corps . . . .” Clearly, the courts at that time regarded retirement benefits arising from employment as community property subject to equal division.* **** 6 (Waite v. Waite (1972) 6 Cal.3d 461 [ 99 Cal.Rptr. 325 , 492 P.2d 13 ]; Phillipson v. Board of Administration (1970) 3 Cal.3d 32 [ 89 Cal.Rptr. 61 , 473 P.2d 765 ]; French v. French (1941) 17 Cal.2d 775 [ 112 P.2d 235 , 134 A.L.R. 366 ].) Whatever

1986However, in the final judgment, for which Larry himself petitioned, the trial court unequivocally awarded Darlene one-half of Larry’s “retirement benefits received from the United States Marine Corps . . . .” Clearly, the courts at that time regarded retirement benefits arising from employment as community property subject to equal division.* **** 6 (Waite v. Waite (1972) 6 Cal.3d 461 [ 99 Cal.Rptr. 325 , 492 P.2d 13 ]; Phillipson v. Board of Administration (1970) 3 Cal.3d 32 [ 89 Cal.Rptr. 61 , 473 P.2d 765 ]; French v. French (1941) 17 Cal.2d 775 [ 112 P.2d 235 , 134 A.L.R. 366 ].) Whatever

11986–1986
Waite v. Waite green
cal · 1972
2 sentences

1986However, in the final judgment, for which Larry himself petitioned, the trial court unequivocally awarded Darlene one-half of Larry’s “retirement benefits received from the United States Marine Corps . . . .” Clearly, the courts at that time regarded retirement benefits arising from employment as community property subject to equal division.* **** 6 (Waite v. Waite (1972) 6 Cal.3d 461 [ 99 Cal.Rptr. 325 , 492 P.2d 13 ]; Phillipson v. Board of Administration (1970) 3 Cal.3d 32 [ 89 Cal.Rptr. 61 , 473 P.2d 765 ]; French v. French (1941) 17 Cal.2d 775 [ 112 P.2d 235 , 134 A.L.R. 366 ].) Whatever

1986However, in the final judgment, for which Larry himself petitioned, the trial court unequivocally awarded Darlene one-half of Larry’s “retirement benefits received from the United States Marine Corps . . . .” Clearly, the courts at that time regarded retirement benefits arising from employment as community property subject to equal division.* **** 6 (Waite v. Waite (1972) 6 Cal.3d 461 [ 99 Cal.Rptr. 325 , 492 P.2d 13 ]; Phillipson v. Board of Administration (1970) 3 Cal.3d 32 [ 89 Cal.Rptr. 61 , 473 P.2d 765 ]; French v. French (1941) 17 Cal.2d 775 [ 112 P.2d 235 , 134 A.L.R. 366 ].) Whatever

11986–1986
Williams v. the Daily Review, Inc. green
calctapp · 1965
11981–1981
Maidman v. Jewish Publications, Inc. green
cal · 1960
11981–1981
Snively v. Record Publishing Co. green
cal · 1921
11981–1981
People v. Sanchez green
calctapp · 1972
11975–1975
Jennings v. Superior Court green
cal · 1967
11975–1975
Westbrook v. Mihaly green
cal · 1970
11974–1974
Meyers v. McKillop green
calctapp · 1918
11970–1970
People v. Waller green
cal · 1939
11951–1951
Spear v. United Railroads green
calctapp · 1911
11932–1932
People v. Rolfe green
cal · 1882
11918–1918
People v. Soap green
cal · 1899
11918–1918
McKee v. Soher green
cal · 1903
11909–1909
People v. South P. R. Sugar Co. neutral
prsupreme · 1940
11909–1909
Sterrett v. Barker green
· 1897
11909–1909
Briggs v. Breen green
cal · 1899
11909–1909
Estate of Scott neutral
calctapp · 1905
11909–1909
McKee v. Hunt green
cal · 1904
11909–1909

Statutes the citing opinions construe

CA § Cal. Evidence Code § 352 (4) CA § Cal. Penal Code § 187 (4) CA § Cal. Evidence Code § 452 (3)

Counted by distinct opinions that both name this issue and are annotated to the section; sections every opinion cites regardless of issue are not filtered here, so read the counts against the total above.

Where else courts name it

CA 34 (1907–2025) NY 22 (1860–2018) PA 12 (1900–2021) MO 11 (1865–2014) TX 10 (1881–2024) IL 10 (1900–2004) LA 9 (1903–2001) AL 8 (1846–1998) MI 7 (1964–2025) WY 6 (1923–1995) MS 5 (1897–2008) IN 4 (1925–1991) NC 4 (1950–2004) OR 4 (1916–2016) MT 4 (1937–1972) NJ 4 (1977–2019) AZ 3 (1925–1992) ME 3 (1966–1994) WA 3 (1896–1980) OK 3 (1926–1955) KS 2 (1891–1904) FL 2 (2001–2019) SC 2 (1931–1931) MN 2 (1910–1930) NM 2 (1925–1978) WI 2 (1938–1976) MA 2 (1901–1972) KY 2 (1918–2007) IA 2 (1907–1988)

Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.

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