AGC motion (New York) · Go Syfert
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AGC motion in New York

175 New York opinions name it 1 courts 2016–2026 87 in the last five years

The cases below were cited by New York courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.

Followed or applied (65)

CaseFollowedCited
In re Halbfishgreen
nyappdiv · 2010 · cited in 11 New York opinions naming this issue, 2016–2017
2 sentences

2017Respondent has not replied or otherwise responded to AGC’s motion or raised any of the available defenses (see Rules for Attorney Disciplinary Matters [22 NYCRR] § 1240.13 [b]); therefore, we grant the motion (see Matter of Bailey, 145 AD3d 1182, 1182 [2016]; Matter of Halbfish, 78 AD3d 1320, 1321 [2010]).

2017Respondent has not replied or otherwise responded to AGC’s motion or raised any of the available defenses (see Rules for Attorney Disciplinary Matters [22 NYCRR] § 1240.13 [b]); therefore, we grant the motion (see Matter of Bailey, 145 AD3d 1182, 1182 [2016]; Matter of Halbfish, 78 AD3d 1320, 1321 [2010]).

1111
Matter of Colbygreen
nyappdiv · 2017 · cited in 12 New York opinions naming this issue, 2018–2024
2 sentences

2024Respondent has not responded to AGC's motion; thus, we deem the defenses enumerated in Rules for Attorney Disciplinary Matters § 1240.13 (b) waived ( see Matter of Hankes , 210 AD3d 1282, 1282 [3d Dept 2022]; Matter of Colby , 156 AD3d 1215, 1215-1216 [3d Dept 2017]).

2023Respondent has not responded to AGC's motion; thus we find that he has waived his available defenses and deem his misconduct established ( see Matter of Hankes , 210 AD3d 1282, 1282 [3d Dept 2022]; Matter of Colby , 156 AD3d 1215, 1215-1216 [3d Dept 2017]; Rules for Attorney Disciplinary Matters [22 NYCRR] § 1240.13 [b]). [FN2] Turning to the issue of the appropriate disciplinary sanction for respondent's misconduct ( see Rules for Attorney Disciplinary Matters [22 NYCRR] § 1240.13 [c]), we note that respondent's misconduct is aggravated by his failure to notify this Court and AGC of his Flori

1012
Matter of Tendlergreen
nyappdiv · 2015 · cited in 8 New York opinions naming this issue, 2017–2025
2 sentences

2025Thus, we grant AGC's motion, confirm respondent's disbarment and strike his name from the roll of attorneys nunc pro tunc to September 5, 2025, the date of his guilty plea ( see Matter of Tendler , 131 AD3d 1301, 1302 [3d Dept 2015]; Matter of Russell , 216 AD2d 790, 791 [3d Dept 1995]).

2025Thus, we grant AGC's motion, confirm respondent's disbarment and strike his name from the roll of attorneys nunc pro tunc to September 5, 2025, the date of his guilty plea ( see Matter of Tendler , 131 AD3d 1301, 1302 [3d Dept 2015]; Matter of Russell , 216 AD2d 790, 791 [3d Dept 1995]).

78
Matter of Hoinesgreen
nyappdiv · 2020 · cited in 7 New York opinions naming this issue, 2021–2024
2 sentences

2023Given this, we partially grant AGC's motion, [FN1] find the misconduct established and turn to the issue of the appropriate disciplinary sanction ( see Matter of Hoines , 185 AD3d at 1350; Matter of Abongwa , 176 AD3d 1471 , 1473 [3d Dept 2019]).

2021In her submission to this Court in response to AGC's motion, respondent raises none of her available defenses and, accordingly, we find that she has waived her opportunity to do so ( see Matter of Hoines , 185 AD3d 1349, 1349 [2020]).

77
Matter of Humphreygreen
nyappdiv · 2017 · cited in 9 New York opinions naming this issue, 2017–2018
2 sentences

2018Consequently, we grant AGC's motion and suspend respondent from the practice of law during the pendency of AGC's investigation and until further order of this Court ( see Rules for Attorney Disciplinary Matters [22 NYCRR] § 1240.9 [a]; see also Matter of Battaglia , 159 AD3d 1269 [2018]; Matter of DiStefano , 154 AD3d 1055 [2017]; Matter of Humphrey , 151 AD3d 1539 [2017]).

2018Consequently, we grant AGC's motion and suspend respondent from the practice of law during the pendency of AGC's investigation and until further order of this Court ( see Rules for Attorney [*2]Disciplinary Matters [22 NYCRR] § 1240.9 [a]; see also Matter of DiStefano , 154 AD3d 1055 [2017]; Matter of Humphrey , 151 AD3d 1539 [2017]).

69
Matter of Hankesgreen
nyappdiv · 2022 · cited in 6 New York opinions naming this issue, 2023–2025
2 sentences

2025Here, respondent's failure to submit a timely response to AGC's motion constitutes a waiver of the available defenses ( see Matter of Laurenzo , 231 AD3d 1236 , 1236 [3d Dept 2024]; Matter of Hankes , 210 AD3d 1282, 1282 [3d Dept 2022]). [FN1] Accordingly, we deem the misconduct established, grant AGC's motion and turn to the sanction to be imposed.

2025Inasmuch as respondent has failed to respond to AGC's motion, he has presented no mitigating factors for consideration, particularly factors that might merit a deviation from the serious discipline imposed in New Jersey ( see Matter of Hankes , 210 AD3d at 1283 ; Matter of Ugwuonye , 209 AD3d 1254, 1255 [3d Dept 2022]).

66
Matter of Baileygreen
nyappdiv · 2016 · cited in 6 New York opinions naming this issue, 2017–2018
2 sentences

2018Respondent has not responded or otherwise appeared on the motion. [FN1] Respondent's failure to respond to AGC's motion results in the waiver of his available defenses ( see Rules for Attorney Disciplinary Matters [22 NYCRR] § 1240.13 [b]) and, accordingly, we grant AGC's motion and turn to the issue of the appropriate disciplinary sanction ( see Matter of Colby , 156 AD3d 1215, 1215-1216 [2017]; Matter of Bailey , 145 AD3d 1182, 1182 [2016]).

2018Accordingly, we grant AGC's motion and turn to the issue of the appropriate disciplinary sanction ( see Matter of Bailey , 145 AD3d 1182, 1182-1183 [2016]; Matter of Steig , 144 AD3d 1313, 1314 [2016]).

66
Matter of Reynoldsgreen
nyappdiv · 2017 · cited in 5 New York opinions naming this issue, 2017–2019
2 sentences

2019Accordingly, we grant AGC's motion and suspend respondent from the practice of law, effective immediately ( see Matter of Reynolds , 151 AD3d 1542, 1543 [2017]).

2018Accordingly, we find that respondent has engaged in conduct that poses an immediate threat to the public interest, grant AGC's motion and suspend respondent from practice, effective immediately ( see Matter of Reynolds , 151 AD3d at 1543 ).

55
Matter of DiStefanogreen
nyappdiv · 2017 · cited in 5 New York opinions naming this issue, 2018–2018
2 sentences

2018We, therefore, grant AGC's motion and suspend respondent from the practice of law during the pendency of AGC's investigations and until further order of this Court ( see Matter of DiStefano , 154 AD3d 1055, 1057 [2017]; Matter of Nichols , 152 AD3d 1044, 1045 [2017]).

2018Consequently, we grant AGC's motion and suspend respondent from the practice of law during the pendency of AGC's investigation and until further order of this Court ( see Rules for Attorney [*2]Disciplinary Matters [22 NYCRR] § 1240.9 [a]; see also Matter of DiStefano , 154 AD3d 1055 [2017]; Matter of Humphrey , 151 AD3d 1539 [2017]).

45
Matter of Butchergreen
nyappdiv · 2017 · cited in 4 New York opinions naming this issue, 2019–2025
2 sentences

2025To the extent that respondent seeks to delay this proceeding given his pending pardon application, we note that the automatic disbarment provision of Judiciary Law § 90 is self-executing ( see Matter of Young , 232 AD3d at 1111); thus, there is no basis to deny or otherwise delay in deciding AGC's motion, which is a "formality that merely confirms respondent's disbarment" in New York ( Matter of Butcher, 153 AD3d 1127, 1127 [3d Dept 2017]).

2025To the extent that respondent seeks to delay this proceeding given his pending pardon application, we note that the automatic disbarment provision of Judiciary Law § 90 is self-executing ( see Matter of Young , 232 AD3d at 1111); thus, there is no basis to deny or otherwise delay in deciding AGC's motion, which is a "formality that merely confirms respondent's disbarment" in New York ( Matter of Butcher, 153 AD3d 1127, 1127 [3d Dept 2017]).

44
Matter of Caniziogreen
nyappdiv · 2022 · cited in 5 New York opinions naming this issue, 2023–2025
2 sentences

2024As such, we grant AGC's motion and suspend respondent during the pendency of AGC's investigation and until further order of this Court ( see Matter of Canizio , 210 AD3d at 1188; Matter of Nestler , 193 AD3d at 1321-1322).

2024Importantly, AGC states that it has "no knowledge of whether respondent's escrow account remains open or whether respondent continues to use the account for any purpose." Accordingly, we find that there is an immediate threat to the public should this escrow account remain open and, therefore, we grant AGC's motion, suspending respondent from the practice of law ( see Rules for Atty Disciplinary Matters [22 NYCRR] § 1240.9 [a]; Matter of Canizio , 210 AD3d at 1188 ).

35
Matter of Faucigreen
nyappdiv · 2021 · cited in 4 New York opinions naming this issue, 2022–2025
2 sentences

2025In doing so, we remind respondent of his affirmative and ongoing obligation to respond or appear for further investigatory or disciplinary proceedings, and note that his failure to do so within six months of this order may result in his disbarment without further notice ( see Matter of Canizio , 210 AD3d 1187, 1188-1189 [3d Dept 2022]; Matter of Fauci , 200 AD3d 1474, 1475 [3d Dept 2021]).

2023By December 2021 order, however, this Court suspended respondent from practice upon allegations that he had been uncooperative with the investigation of his conduct by the Attorney Grievance Committee for the Third Judicial Department (hereinafter AGC) ( Matter of Fauci , 200 AD3d 1474 [3d Dept 2021]). [FN1] Alleging that respondent has remained uncooperative with its investigation of his conduct since his suspension, AGC now moves for his disbarment by order to show cause and affirmation of counsel, and respondent has not responded to AGC's motion.

34
Matter of Cohengreen
nyappdiv · 2023 · cited in 3 New York opinions naming this issue, 2023–2025
2 sentences

2025Matter of Fauci , 221 AD3d at 1241-1242; Matter of Cohen , 217 AD3d at 1249).

2025Matter of Fauci , 221 AD3d at 1241-1242; Matter of Cohen , 217 AD3d at 1249).

33
Matter of Jenkinsgreen
nyappdiv · 2023 · cited in 3 New York opinions naming this issue, 2024–2024
2 sentences

2024Here, respondent has not responded to AGC's motion in any respect and he has therefore necessarily not invoked any of his available defenses ( see Matter of Jenkins , 222 AD3d 1319, 1320 [3d Dept 2023]).

2024Here, respondent has not responded to AGC's motion and has therefore necessarily not invoked any of his available defenses ( see Matter of Jenkins , 222 AD3d 1319, 1320 [3d Dept 2023]).

33
Matter of Steiggreen
nyappdiv · 2016 · cited in 3 New York opinions naming this issue, 2017–2018
2 sentences

2018Accordingly, we grant AGC's motion and turn to the issue of the appropriate disciplinary sanction ( see Matter of Bailey , 145 AD3d 1182, 1182-1183 [2016]; Matter of Steig , 144 AD3d 1313, 1314 [2016]).

2017Accordingly, we grant AGC’s motion and turn to the issue of the appropriate disciplinary sanction (see Matter of Bailey, 145 AD3d 1182, 1182 [2016]; Matter of Steig, 144 AD3d 1313, 1314 [2016]).

33
Matter of Ebrahimzadehgreen
nyappdiv · 2016 · cited in 3 New York opinions naming this issue, 2017–2018
2 sentences

2018Accordingly, we grant AGC's motion and turn to the issue of the appropriate disciplinary sanction ( see Matter of Tambolini , 155 AD3d 1302, 1303 [2017]; Matter of Ebrahimzadeh , 140 AD3d 1466, 1466 [2016]).

2018Accordingly, we grant AGC's motion and turn to the inquiry of the appropriate discipline to be imposed ( see Matter of Tambolini , 155 AD3d 1302, 1303 [2017]; Matter of Ebrahimzadeh , 140 AD3d 1466, 1466 [2016]).

33
In re Croakgreen
nyappdiv · 2017 · cited in 8 New York opinions naming this issue, 2017–2018
2 sentences

2018Accordingly, we find that respondent has engaged in conduct that poses an immediate threat to the public interest and, therefore, grant AGC's motion and suspend respondent from the practice of law, effective immediately ( Matter of Humphrey , 151 AD3d 1539, 1540 [2017]; Matter of Croak , 148 AD3d 1451 , 1452 [2017]).

2017Accordingly, we grant AGC’s motion and suspend respondent from the practice of law during the pendency of AGC’s investigation and until further order of this Court (see Rules for Attorney Disciplinary Matters [22 NYCRR] § 1240.9 [a] [1], [3]; see also Matter of Croak, 148 AD3d 1451 , 1451-1452 [2017]).

28
Matter of Petitongreen
nyappdiv · 2017 · cited in 3 New York opinions naming this issue, 2020–2025
2 sentences

2025Matter of Sobkiewicz , 208 AD3d 938, 939 [3d Dept 2022]; Matter of Scott , 187 AD3d 1480, 1481 [3d Dept 2020]; Matter of Petiton , 155 AD3d 118, 120 [2d Dept 2017]; Matter of Williams , 148 AD3d 269, 270-271 [2d Dept 2017]).Accordingly, we grant AGC's motion to the extent of striking respondent's name from the roll of attorneys nunc pro tunc to June 9, 2022 ( see Matter of Ferriero , 172 AD3d 1698, 1699 [3d Dept 2019]). [FN1] Clark, J.P., Pritzker, Lynch, Fisher and Mackey, JJ., concur.

2025Matter of Sobkiewicz , 208 AD3d 938, 939 [3d Dept 2022]; Matter of Scott , 187 AD3d 1480, 1481 [3d Dept 2020]; Matter of Petiton , 155 AD3d 118, 120 [2d Dept 2017]; Matter of Williams , 148 AD3d 269, 270-271 [2d Dept 2017]).Accordingly, we grant AGC's motion to the extent of striking respondent's name from the roll of attorneys nunc pro tunc to June 9, 2022 ( see Matter of Ferriero , 172 AD3d 1698 , 1699 [3d Dept 2019]). [FN1] Clark, J.P., Pritzker, Lynch, Fisher and Mackey, JJ., concur.

23
Matter of Pastelgreen
nyappdiv · 2022 · cited in 3 New York opinions naming this issue, 2023–2025
2 sentences

2025Respondent's conviction of a New York felony results in his automatic disbarment by operation of law and, for purposes of this proceeding, his plea of guilty serves as the functional equivalent of a conviction ( see Matter of Pastel , 203 AD3d 1306, 1307 [3d Dept 2022]; Matter of Sherwood , 164 AD3d 1539 , 1539-1540 [3d Dept 2018]; Matter of Butcher , 153 AD3d 1127, 1127 [3d Dept 2017]; see also Judiciary Law § 90 [4] [a], [b], [e]).

2023As we need only perform the ministerial task of confirming respondent's disbarred status ( see Matter of Pastel , 203 AD3d at 1307 ; Matter of Zwijacz , 201 AD3d at 1200 ; Matter of Percoco , 171 AD3d 1450 , 1452 [3d Dept 2019]), we grant AGC's motion and strike respondent's name from the roll of attorneys nunc pro tunc to December 5, 2022, the date of his guilty plea.

23
In re Attorneys in Violation of Judiciary Law § 468-agreen
nyappdiv · 2013 · cited in 3 New York opinions naming this issue, 2018–2025
2 sentences

2025Accordingly, AGC's motion to strike respondent's name from the roll of attorneys following his conviction for a felony in this state is "a formality which merely confirms respondent's disbarred status" ( Matter of Brunet , 106 AD3d 1443, 1443 [3d Dept 2013]; see Matter of Werther , 193 AD3d 1228, 1228 [3d Dept 2021]).

2025Accordingly, AGC's motion to strike respondent's name from the roll of attorneys following his conviction for a felony in this state is "a formality which merely confirms respondent's disbarred status" ( Matter of Brunet , 106 AD3d 1443 , 1443 [3d Dept 2013]; see Matter of Werther , 193 AD3d 1228, 1228 [3d Dept 2021]).

23
Matter of Williamsgreen
nyappdiv · 2017 · cited in 3 New York opinions naming this issue, 2020–2025
2 sentences

2025Matter of Sobkiewicz , 208 AD3d 938, 939 [3d Dept 2022]; Matter of Scott , 187 AD3d 1480, 1481 [3d Dept 2020]; Matter of Petiton , 155 AD3d 118, 120 [2d Dept 2017]; Matter of Williams , 148 AD3d 269, 270-271 [2d Dept 2017]).Accordingly, we grant AGC's motion to the extent of striking respondent's name from the roll of attorneys nunc pro tunc to June 9, 2022 ( see Matter of Ferriero , 172 AD3d 1698, 1699 [3d Dept 2019]). [FN1] Clark, J.P., Pritzker, Lynch, Fisher and Mackey, JJ., concur.

2025Matter of Sobkiewicz , 208 AD3d 938, 939 [3d Dept 2022]; Matter of Scott , 187 AD3d 1480, 1481 [3d Dept 2020]; Matter of Petiton , 155 AD3d 118, 120 [2d Dept 2017]; Matter of Williams , 148 AD3d 269, 270-271 [2d Dept 2017]).Accordingly, we grant AGC's motion to the extent of striking respondent's name from the roll of attorneys nunc pro tunc to June 9, 2022 ( see Matter of Ferriero , 172 AD3d 1698 , 1699 [3d Dept 2019]). [FN1] Clark, J.P., Pritzker, Lynch, Fisher and Mackey, JJ., concur.

23
Matter of Burneygreen
nyappdiv · 2020 · cited in 3 New York opinions naming this issue, 2020–2021
2 sentences

2021We find that this last minute attempt at offering minimal compliance does not warrant the denial of [*2]AGC's motion ( see Matter of Burney , 183 AD3d 1005, 1006-1007 [2020]; see also Matter of Meltzer , 189 AD3d 80 , 82 [2020]).

2021However, in light of our determination to suspend him for one year for his contemptuous conduct, we also remind respondent that he has an affirmative obligation to respond or appear for further investigatory or disciplinary proceedings before AGC regarding the client complaint that precipitated that part of AGC's motion seeking relief pursuant to Rules for Attorney Disciplinary Matters (22 NYCRR) § 1240.9 ( see Matter of Burney , 183 AD3d 1005, 1006-1007 [2020]).

23
Matter of Musafirigreen
nyappdiv · 2016 · cited in 3 New York opinions naming this issue, 2017–2018
2 sentences

2018In doing so, we note that, while we may consider the severity of the sanction imposed in Vermont, we are not bound by that determination ( see Matter of Musafiri , 144 AD3d 1387 , 1388 [2016]; Matter of Marshall , 67 AD3d 1122 , 1123 [2009]).

2017Turning to the appropriate discipline to be imposed, having considered the nature of respondent’s misconduct, the discipline imposed in Pennsylvania and his failure to respond to the subject motion, we hold that, in order to protect the public, maintain the honor and integrity of the profession and deter others from committing similar misconduct, respondent should be suspended from the practice of law for a period of four years (see Matter of Musafiri, 144 AD3d 1387, 1388 [2016]; Matter of Macchiaverna, 125 AD3d 1043, 1044 [2015]).

23
Matter of Zankowskigreen
nyappdiv · 2022 · cited in 2 New York opinions naming this issue, 2023–2026
22
Matter of Carusogreen
nyappdiv · 2022 · cited in 2 New York opinions naming this issue, 2022–2026
2 sentences

2026As AGC possesses broad authority to obtain records and documents in furtherance of its investigative responsibilities (<i>see Matter of Caruso</i>, 205 AD3d 1264, 1264 [3d Dept 2022]), Rules for Attorney Disciplinary Matters (22 NYCRR) § 1240.9 (a) (3) provides that the mere failure to comply with the lawful demand of AGC during its investigation provides a sufficient basis to suspend the attorney (<i>see e.g.

2022Accordingly, we grant AGC's motion and suspend respondent from the practice of law during the pendency of AGC's investigation and until further order of this Court ( see Rules for Attorney Disciplinary Matters [22 NYCRR] § 1240.9 [a]; see also Matter of Caruso , 205 AD3d 1264, 1265 [3d Dept 2022]).

22
Matter of Croakgreen
nyappdiv · 2017 · cited in 2 New York opinions naming this issue, 2019–2025
22
Matter of Radshawgreen
nyappdiv · 2023 · cited in 2 New York opinions naming this issue, 2024–2025
22
Matter of Scottgreen
nyappdiv · 2020 · cited in 2 New York opinions naming this issue, 2022–2025
22
Matter of Werthergreen
nyappdiv · 2021 · cited in 2 New York opinions naming this issue, 2022–2025
22
Matter of Sobkiewiczgreen
nyappdiv · 2022 · cited in 2 New York opinions naming this issue, 2024–2025
22
In re Dalygreen
nyappdiv · 2007 · cited in 2 New York opinions naming this issue, 2022–2025
22
In re Kerekesgreen
nyappdiv · 2012 · cited in 2 New York opinions naming this issue, 2022–2025
22
Matter of Matemugreen
nyappdiv · 2021 · cited in 2 New York opinions naming this issue, 2022–2025
22
Matter of Ugwuonyegreen
nyappdiv · 2022 · cited in 2 New York opinions naming this issue, 2025–2025
22
Matter of Lynumgreen
nyappdiv · 2022 · cited in 2 New York opinions naming this issue, 2024–2024
22
Matter of McCulloughgreen
nyappdiv · 2023 · cited in 2 New York opinions naming this issue, 2023–2024
22
Matter of Llewellyngreen
nyappdiv · 2023 · cited in 2 New York opinions naming this issue, 2024–2024
22
Matter of Caracogreen
nyappdiv · 2021 · cited in 2 New York opinions naming this issue, 2024–2024
22
Matter of Burneygreen
nyappdiv · 2020 · cited in 2 New York opinions naming this issue, 2023–2023
22
Matter of Attorneys in Violation of Judiciary Law § 468-a (Roberts)green
nyappdiv · 2021 · cited in 2 New York opinions naming this issue, 2022–2022
22

Distinguished, questioned or overruled (0)

CaseNegativeCited
No negative-treatment citations attached to this issue in New York. Read the followed side critically anyway.

Also cited on this issue (15)

CaseCitedYears
In re Koziol green
nyappdiv · 2017
2 sentences

2022Here, in light of respondent's failure to respond to AGC's motion, he has waived any available defenses and AGC's motion to impose discipline is granted ( see Matter of Colby , 156 AD3d 1215, 1215-1216 [3d Dept 2017]; Matter of Tan , 149 AD3d 1344 , 1345 [3d Dept 2017]; Matter of Halbfish , 144 AD3d 1263, 1263 [3d Dept 2016]).

2020Inasmuch as respondent's submission in response does not contest any of the findings of misconduct or raise any of the available defenses ( see Rules for Attorney Disciplinary Matters [22 NYCRR] § 1240.13 [b]), AGC's motion to impose discipline is granted ( see Matter of Tan , 149 AD3d 1344 , 1345 [2017]).

122017–2022
In re Plimpton neutral
nyappdiv · 2014
2 sentences

2026Respondent has not submitted a response to AGC's instant motion; thus, he has waived any of the aforementioned defenses to the extent that any were available to him. [FN1] Accordingly, we grant AGC's motion in this regard and consider the discipline to be imposed ( see Matter of Lee , 238 AD3d at 1317; Matter of Friedman , 166 AD3d 1208 , 1208 [3d Dept 2018]; Matter of Plimpton , 120 AD3d 1486 , 1487 [3d Dept 2014]).

2018Respondent has not replied or otherwise responded to AGC's motion or raised any of the available defenses ( see Rules for Attorney Disciplinary Matters [22 NYCRR] § 1240.13 [b]); therefore, we grant the motion ( see Matter of Tan , 149 AD3d 1344 , 1345 [2017]). [FN1] Turning to the issue of the appropriate disciplinary sanction, we take note that an attorney's knowing misappropriation of client funds constitutes one of the "most serious violation[s] of an attorney's ethical obligations" and cannot be tolerated ( Matter of Plimpton , 120 AD3d 1486 , 1487 [2014] [internal quotation marks and cit

32018–2026
In re Merker green
nyappdiv · 2016
22020–2025
Matter of Anderson green
nyappdiv · 2022
22024–2024
In re Ashdjian neutral
nyappdiv · 2001
22022–2022
Matter of Shapiro neutral
nyappdiv · 2020
22020–2021
In re Frank neutral
nyappdiv · 2016
22017–2018
In re Nimmer neutral
nyappdiv · 2013
22017–2017
Matter of Marshall green
nyappdiv · 2017
12026–2026
Matter of Pierre green
nyappdiv · 2017
12026–2026
Matter of Espinoza neutral
nyappdiv · 2021
12026–2026
Matter of Novofastovsky green
nyappdiv · 2022
12026–2026
In re Courtney neutral
nyappdiv · 2014
12026–2026
Matter of Moreno green
nyappdiv · 2017
12026–2026
In re Levy neutral
nyappdiv · 2003
12026–2026

Statutes the citing opinions construe

NY § N.Y. Judiciary Law § 90 (58) NY § N.Y. Penal Law § 155.40 (8) NY § N.Y. Penal Law § 190.65 (7)

Counted by distinct opinions that both name this issue and are annotated to the section; sections every opinion cites regardless of issue are not filtered here, so read the counts against the total above.

Where else courts name it

NY 175 (2016–2026) OR 3 (2025–2025) NM 2 (2003–2012) IA 2 (2007–2007)

Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.

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