legally recognized exception in Hawaii

11 Hawaii opinions name it 2 courts 1986–2024 2 in the last five years

The cases below were cited by Hawaii courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.

Followed or applied (18)

Case	Followed	Cited
State v. Bonnellgreen haw · 1993 · cited in 5 Hawaii opinions naming this issue, 1996–2024 2 sentences 2024"It is well established that warrantless searches and seizures of items within a constitutionally protected area are 'presumptively unreasonable unless there is both probable cause and a legally recognized exception to the warrant requirement.'" 4 NOT FOR PUBLICATION IN WEST'S HAWAI‘I REPORTS AND PACIFIC REPORTER State v. Phillips, 138 Hawaiʻi 321, 336, 382 P.3d 133, 148 (2016) (quoting State v. Bonnell, 75 Haw. 124, 137 , 856 P.2d 1265, 1273 (1993)). 2024"It is well established that warrantless searches and seizures of items within a constitutionally protected area are 'presumptively unreasonable unless there is both probable cause and a legally recognized exception to the warrant requirement.'" 4 NOT FOR PUBLICATION IN WEST'S HAWAI‘I REPORTS AND PACIFIC REPORTER State v. Phillips, 138 Hawaiʻi 321, 336, 382 P.3d 133, 148 (2016) (quoting State v. Bonnell, 75 Haw. 124, 137 , 856 P.2d 1265, 1273 (1993)).	4	5
State v. Jenkinsgreen haw · 2000 · cited in 3 Hawaii opinions naming this issue, 2002–2021 2 sentences 2002See State v. Jenkins, 93 Hawai'i 87, 102 , 997 P.2d 13, 28 (2000) (“Any warrantless search of a constitutionally protected area is presumptively unreasonable unless there is both probable cause and a legally recognized exception to the warrant requirement.” (Internal quotation marks, brackets, and citations omitted.)). 2002See State v. Jenkins, 93 Hawai`i 87, 102, 997 P.2d 13, 28 (2000) ("Any warrantless search of a constitutionally protected area is presumptively unreasonable unless there is both probable cause and a legally recognized exception to the warrant requirement." (Internal quotation marks, brackets, and citations omitted.)).	3	3
State v. Clarkgreen haw · 1982 · cited in 3 Hawaii opinions naming this issue, 1993–2000 2 sentences 2000There were probable cause and exigent circumstances to justify the seizure. [A]ny warrantless search of a constitutionally protected area is presumptively unreasonable unless there is both probable cause and a legally recognized exception to the warrant requirement. [State v.] Bonnell, 75 Haw. [124,] 137, 856 P.2d [1265,] 1273 [(1993)]; see also State v. Propios, 76 Hawai'i 474, 477 , 879 P.2d 1057, 1060 (1994); State v. Perham, 72 Haw. 290, 292 , 814 P.2d 914, 915 , reconsideration denied, 72 Haw. 616 , 841 P.2d 1074 (1991); State v. Wiley, 69 Haw. 589, 591 , 752 P.2d 102, 103 (1988); State v 2000There were probable cause and exigent circumstances to justify the seizure. [A]ny warrantless search of a constitutionally protected area is presumptively unreasonable unless there is both probable cause and a legally recognized exception to the warrant requirement. [State v.] Bonnell, 75 Haw. [124,] 137, 856 P.2d [1265,] 1273 [(1993)]; see also State v. Propios, 76 Hawai'i 474, 477 , 879 P.2d 1057, 1060 (1994); State v. Perham, 72 Haw. 290, 292 , 814 P.2d 914, 915 , reconsideration denied, 72 Haw. 616 , 841 P.2d 1074 (1991); State v. Wiley, 69 Haw. 589, 591 , 752 P.2d 102, 103 (1988); State v	3	3
State v. Russogreen haw · 1984 · cited in 3 Hawaii opinions naming this issue, 1993–2000 2 sentences 2000There were probable cause and exigent circumstances to justify the seizure. [A]ny warrantless search of a constitutionally protected area is presumptively unreasonable unless there is both probable cause and a legally recognized exception to the warrant requirement. [State v.] Bonnell, 75 Haw. [124,] 137, 856 P.2d [1265,] 1273 [(1993)]; see also State v. Propios, 76 Hawai'i 474, 477 , 879 P.2d 1057, 1060 (1994); State v. Perham, 72 Haw. 290, 292 , 814 P.2d 914, 915 , reconsideration denied, 72 Haw. 616 , 841 P.2d 1074 (1991); State v. Wiley, 69 Haw. 589, 591 , 752 P.2d 102, 103 (1988); State v 2000There were probable cause and exigent circumstances to justify the seizure. [A]ny warrantless search of a constitutionally protected area is presumptively unreasonable unless there is both probable cause and a legally recognized exception to the warrant requirement. [State v.] Bonnell, 75 Haw. [124,] 137, 856 P.2d [1265,] 1273 [(1993)]; see also State v. Propios, 76 Hawai'i 474, 477 , 879 P.2d 1057, 1060 (1994); State v. Perham, 72 Haw. 290, 292 , 814 P.2d 914, 915 , reconsideration denied, 72 Haw. 616 , 841 P.2d 1074 (1991); State v. Wiley, 69 Haw. 589, 591 , 752 P.2d 102, 103 (1988); State v	3	3
State v. Wileygreen haw · 1988 · cited in 3 Hawaii opinions naming this issue, 1993–2000 2 sentences 2000There were probable cause and exigent circumstances to justify the seizure. [A]ny warrantless search of a constitutionally protected area is presumptively unreasonable unless there is both probable cause and a legally recognized exception to the warrant requirement. [State v.] Bonnell, 75 Haw. [124,] 137, 856 P.2d [1265,] 1273 [(1993)]; see also State v. Propios, 76 Hawai'i 474, 477 , 879 P.2d 1057, 1060 (1994); State v. Perham, 72 Haw. 290, 292 , 814 P.2d 914, 915 , reconsideration denied, 72 Haw. 616 , 841 P.2d 1074 (1991); State v. Wiley, 69 Haw. 589, 591 , 752 P.2d 102, 103 (1988); State v 2000There were probable cause and exigent circumstances to justify the seizure. [A]ny warrantless search of a constitutionally protected area is presumptively unreasonable unless there is both probable cause and a legally recognized exception to the warrant requirement. [State v.] Bonnell, 75 Haw. [124,] 137, 856 P.2d [1265,] 1273 [(1993)]; see also State v. Propios, 76 Hawai'i 474, 477 , 879 P.2d 1057, 1060 (1994); State v. Perham, 72 Haw. 290, 292 , 814 P.2d 914, 915 , reconsideration denied, 72 Haw. 616 , 841 P.2d 1074 (1991); State v. Wiley, 69 Haw. 589, 591 , 752 P.2d 102, 103 (1988); State v	3	3
State v. Phillips.green haw · 2016 · cited in 2 Hawaii opinions naming this issue, 2019–2024 2 sentences 2024"It is well established that warrantless searches and seizures of items within a constitutionally protected area are 'presumptively unreasonable unless there is both probable cause and a legally recognized exception to the warrant requirement.'" 4 NOT FOR PUBLICATION IN WEST'S HAWAI‘I REPORTS AND PACIFIC REPORTER State v. Phillips, 138 Hawaiʻi 321, 336, 382 P.3d 133, 148 (2016) (quoting State v. Bonnell, 75 Haw. 124, 137 , 856 P.2d 1265, 1273 (1993)). 2019The Search Violated Rodrigues’ Constitutional Rights It is well-established that any warrantless search of a constitutionally protected area is “presumptively unreasonable unless there is both probable cause and a legally recognized exception to the warrant requirement.” State v. Phillips, 138 Hawaii 321, 336, 382 P.3d 133, 148 (2016); State v. Wallace, 80 Hawaii 382, 393, 910 P.2d 695, 706 (1996); State v. Bonnell, 75 Haw. 124, 137 , 856 P.2d 1265, 1273 (1993).	2	2
State v. Wallacegreen haw · 1996 · cited in 2 Hawaii opinions naming this issue, 2002–2019 2 sentences 2019The Search Violated Rodrigues’ Constitutional Rights It is well-established that any warrantless search of a constitutionally protected area is “presumptively unreasonable unless there is both probable cause and a legally recognized exception to the warrant requirement.” State v. Phillips, 138 Hawaii 321, 336, 382 P.3d 133, 148 (2016); State v. Wallace, 80 Hawaii 382, 393, 910 P.2d 695, 706 (1996); State v. Bonnell, 75 Haw. 124, 137 , 856 P.2d 1265, 1273 (1993). 2002State v. Jenkins, 93 Hawai'i 87, 102 , 997 P.2d 13, 28 (2000); State v. Wallace, 80 Hawai'i 382, 393 , 910 P.2d 695, 706 (1996); State v. Bonnell, 75 Haw. 124, 137 , 856 P.2d 1265, 1273 (1993).	2	2
State v. Propiosgreen haw · 1994 · cited in 2 Hawaii opinions naming this issue, 1996–2000 2 sentences 2000There were probable cause and exigent circumstances to justify the seizure. [A]ny warrantless search of a constitutionally protected area is presumptively unreasonable unless there is both probable cause and a legally recognized exception to the warrant requirement. [State v.] Bonnell, 75 Haw. [124,] 137, 856 P.2d [1265,] 1273 [(1993)]; see also State v. Propios, 76 Hawai'i 474, 477 , 879 P.2d 1057, 1060 (1994); State v. Perham, 72 Haw. 290, 292 , 814 P.2d 914, 915 , reconsideration denied, 72 Haw. 616 , 841 P.2d 1074 (1991); State v. Wiley, 69 Haw. 589, 591 , 752 P.2d 102, 103 (1988); State v 2000There were probable cause and exigent circumstances to justify the seizure. [A]ny warrantless search of a constitutionally protected area is presumptively unreasonable unless there is both probable cause and a legally recognized exception to the warrant requirement. [State v.] Bonnell, 75 Haw. [124,] 137, 856 P.2d [1265,] 1273 [(1993)]; see also State v. Propios, 76 Hawai'i 474, 477 , 879 P.2d 1057, 1060 (1994); State v. Perham, 72 Haw. 290, 292 , 814 P.2d 914, 915 , reconsideration denied, 72 Haw. 616 , 841 P.2d 1074 (1991); State v. Wiley, 69 Haw. 589, 591 , 752 P.2d 102, 103 (1988); State v	2	2
State v. Ortizgreen haw · 1984 · cited in 2 Hawaii opinions naming this issue, 1996–2000 2 sentences 2000There were probable cause and exigent circumstances to justify the seizure. [A]ny warrantless search of a constitutionally protected area is presumptively unreasonable unless there is both probable cause and a legally recognized exception to the warrant requirement. [State v.] Bonnell, 75 Haw. [124,] 137, 856 P.2d [1265,] 1273 [(1993)]; see also State v. Propios, 76 Hawai'i 474, 477 , 879 P.2d 1057, 1060 (1994); State v. Perham, 72 Haw. 290, 292 , 814 P.2d 914, 915 , reconsideration denied, 72 Haw. 616 , 841 P.2d 1074 (1991); State v. Wiley, 69 Haw. 589, 591 , 752 P.2d 102, 103 (1988); State v 2000There were probable cause and exigent circumstances to justify the seizure. [A]ny warrantless search of a constitutionally protected area is presumptively unreasonable unless there is both probable cause and a legally recognized exception to the warrant requirement. [State v.] Bonnell, 75 Haw. [124,] 137, 856 P.2d [1265,] 1273 [(1993)]; see also State v. Propios, 76 Hawai'i 474, 477 , 879 P.2d 1057, 1060 (1994); State v. Perham, 72 Haw. 290, 292 , 814 P.2d 914, 915 , reconsideration denied, 72 Haw. 616 , 841 P.2d 1074 (1991); State v. Wiley, 69 Haw. 589, 591 , 752 P.2d 102, 103 (1988); State v	2	2
State v. Kalunagreen haw · 1974 · cited in 2 Hawaii opinions naming this issue, 1996–2000 2 sentences 2000There were probable cause and exigent circumstances to justify the seizure. [A]ny warrantless search of a constitutionally protected area is presumptively unreasonable unless there is both probable cause and a legally recognized exception to the warrant requirement. [State v.] Bonnell, 75 Haw. [124,] 137, 856 P.2d [1265,] 1273 [(1993)]; see also State v. Propios, 76 Hawai'i 474, 477 , 879 P.2d 1057, 1060 (1994); State v. Perham, 72 Haw. 290, 292 , 814 P.2d 914, 915 , reconsideration denied, 72 Haw. 616 , 841 P.2d 1074 (1991); State v. Wiley, 69 Haw. 589, 591 , 752 P.2d 102, 103 (1988); State v 2000There were probable cause and exigent circumstances to justify the seizure. [A]ny warrantless search of a constitutionally protected area is presumptively unreasonable unless there is both probable cause and a legally recognized exception to the warrant requirement. [State v.] Bonnell, 75 Haw. [124,] 137, 856 P.2d [1265,] 1273 [(1993)]; see also State v. Propios, 76 Hawai'i 474, 477 , 879 P.2d 1057, 1060 (1994); State v. Perham, 72 Haw. 290, 292 , 814 P.2d 914, 915 , reconsideration denied, 72 Haw. 616 , 841 P.2d 1074 (1991); State v. Wiley, 69 Haw. 589, 591 , 752 P.2d 102, 103 (1988); State v	2	2
State v. Rittegreen haw · 1985 · cited in 2 Hawaii opinions naming this issue, 1996–2000 2 sentences 2000There were probable cause and exigent circumstances to justify the seizure. [A]ny warrantless search of a constitutionally protected area is presumptively unreasonable unless there is both probable cause and a legally recognized exception to the warrant requirement. [State v.] Bonnell, 75 Haw. [124,] 137, 856 P.2d [1265,] 1273 [(1993)]; see also State v. Propios, 76 Hawai'i 474, 477 , 879 P.2d 1057, 1060 (1994); State v. Perham, 72 Haw. 290, 292 , 814 P.2d 914, 915 , reconsideration denied, 72 Haw. 616 , 841 P.2d 1074 (1991); State v. Wiley, 69 Haw. 589, 591 , 752 P.2d 102, 103 (1988); State v 2000There were probable cause and exigent circumstances to justify the seizure. [A]ny warrantless search of a constitutionally protected area is presumptively unreasonable unless there is both probable cause and a legally recognized exception to the warrant requirement. [State v.] Bonnell, 75 Haw. [124,] 137, 856 P.2d [1265,] 1273 [(1993)]; see also State v. Propios, 76 Hawai'i 474, 477 , 879 P.2d 1057, 1060 (1994); State v. Perham, 72 Haw. 290, 292 , 814 P.2d 914, 915 , reconsideration denied, 72 Haw. 616 , 841 P.2d 1074 (1991); State v. Wiley, 69 Haw. 589, 591 , 752 P.2d 102, 103 (1988); State v	2	2
State v. Barrettgreen haw · 1985 · cited in 2 Hawaii opinions naming this issue, 1996–2000 2 sentences 2000There were probable cause and exigent circumstances to justify the seizure. [A]ny warrantless search of a constitutionally protected area is presumptively unreasonable unless there is both probable cause and a legally recognized exception to the warrant requirement. [State v.] Bonnell, 75 Haw. [124,] 137, 856 P.2d [1265,] 1273 [(1993)]; see also State v. Propios, 76 Hawai'i 474, 477 , 879 P.2d 1057, 1060 (1994); State v. Perham, 72 Haw. 290, 292 , 814 P.2d 914, 915 , reconsideration denied, 72 Haw. 616 , 841 P.2d 1074 (1991); State v. Wiley, 69 Haw. 589, 591 , 752 P.2d 102, 103 (1988); State v 2000There were probable cause and exigent circumstances to justify the seizure. [A]ny warrantless search of a constitutionally protected area is presumptively unreasonable unless there is both probable cause and a legally recognized exception to the warrant requirement. [State v.] Bonnell, 75 Haw. [124,] 137, 856 P.2d [1265,] 1273 [(1993)]; see also State v. Propios, 76 Hawai'i 474, 477 , 879 P.2d 1057, 1060 (1994); State v. Perham, 72 Haw. 290, 292 , 814 P.2d 914, 915 , reconsideration denied, 72 Haw. 616 , 841 P.2d 1074 (1991); State v. Wiley, 69 Haw. 589, 591 , 752 P.2d 102, 103 (1988); State v	2	2
State v. Fieldsgreen haw · 1984 · cited in 2 Hawaii opinions naming this issue, 1993–1996 2 sentences 1993That being the case, “[a]ny warrantless search of a constitutionally protected area is . . . presumptively unreasonable unless there is both probable cause and a legally recognized exception to the warrant requirement.” Id. (citations omitted); see also State v. Wiley, 69 Haw. 589, 591 , 752 P.2d 102, 103 (1988); State v. Fields, 67 Haw. 268, 281 , 686 P.2d 1379, 1389 (1984); State v. Russo, 67 Haw. 126, 137 , 681 P.2d 553, 561 (1984); Clark, 65 Haw. at 493-94 , 654 P.2d at 359-60 (1982). 4 “ ‘[A] search is not. . .made legal by what it turns up. 1993That being the case, “[a]ny warrantless search of a constitutionally protected area is . . . presumptively unreasonable unless there is both probable cause and a legally recognized exception to the warrant requirement.” Id. (citations omitted); see also State v. Wiley, 69 Haw. 589, 591 , 752 P.2d 102, 103 (1988); State v. Fields, 67 Haw. 268, 281 , 686 P.2d 1379, 1389 (1984); State v. Russo, 67 Haw. 126, 137 , 681 P.2d 553, 561 (1984); Clark, 65 Haw. at 493-94 , 654 P.2d at 359-60 (1982). 4 “ ‘[A] search is not. . .made legal by what it turns up.	1	2
State v. Elliottgreen haw · 1980 · cited in 1 Hawaii opinions naming this issue, 2024–2024 2 sentences 2024"An automobile search without a warrant . . . would not be constitutionally proscribed where the search is conducted as an incident to a proper arrest, or, assuming the existence of probable cause, where exigent circumstances are present." State v. Elliott, 61 Haw. 492, 494-95 , 605 P.2d 930, 932 (1980) (internal citations omitted). 2024"An automobile search without a warrant . . . would not be constitutionally proscribed where the search is conducted as an incident to a proper arrest, or, assuming the existence of probable cause, where exigent circumstances are present." State v. Elliott, 61 Haw. 492, 494-95 , 605 P.2d 930, 932 (1980) (internal citations omitted).	1	1
State v. Biggargreen haw · 1986 · cited in 1 Hawaii opinions naming this issue, 2003–2003 2 sentences 2003State v. Biggar, 68 Haw. 404, 407 , 716 P.2d 493, 495 (1986) (citations omitted). 2003State v. Biggar, 68 Haw. 404, 407 , 716 P.2d 493, 495 (1986) (citations omitted).	1	1
State v. Phillipsgreen haw · 1985 · cited in 1 Hawaii opinions naming this issue, 1993–1993 2 sentences 1993In law it is good or bad when it starts and does not change character from its success.’ ” State v. Phillips, 67 Haw. 535, 541 , 696 P.2d 346, 351 (1985) (quoting United States v. Di Re, 332 U.S. 581, 595 , 68 S. Ct. 222, 229 , 92 L. 1993In law it is good or bad when it starts and does not change character from its success.’ ” State v. Phillips, 67 Haw. 535, 541 , 696 P.2d 346, 351 (1985) (quoting United States v. Di Re, 332 U.S. 581, 595 , 68 S. Ct. 222, 229 , 92 L.	1	1
State v. Eldertsgreen haw · 1980 · cited in 1 Hawaii opinions naming this issue, 1986–1986 2 sentences 1986State v. Elderts, 62 Haw. 495, 498 , 617 P.2d 89, 92 (1980); State v. Kender, 60 Haw. 301, 307 , 588 P.2d 447, 451 (1978). 1986State v. Elderts, 62 Haw. 495, 498 , 617 P.2d 89, 92 (1980); State v. Kender, 60 Haw. 301, 307 , 588 P.2d 447, 451 (1978).	1	1
State v. Kendergreen haw · 1979 · cited in 1 Hawaii opinions naming this issue, 1986–1986 2 sentences 1986State v. Elderts, 62 Haw. 495, 498 , 617 P.2d 89, 92 (1980); State v. Kender, 60 Haw. 301, 307 , 588 P.2d 447, 451 (1978). 1986State v. Elderts, 62 Haw. 495, 498 , 617 P.2d 89, 92 (1980); State v. Kender, 60 Haw. 301, 307 , 588 P.2d 447, 451 (1978).	1	1

Distinguished, questioned or overruled (0)

Case	Negative	Cited
No negative-treatment citations attached to this issue in Hawaii. Read the followed side critically anyway.

Also cited on this issue (3)

Case	Cited	Years
State v. Perham green haw · 1991 2 sentences 2000There were probable cause and exigent circumstances to justify the seizure. [A]ny warrantless search of a constitutionally protected area is presumptively unreasonable unless there is both probable cause and a legally recognized exception to the warrant requirement. [State v.] Bonnell, 75 Haw. [124,] 137, 856 P.2d [1265,] 1273 [(1993)]; see also State v. Propios, 76 Hawai'i 474, 477 , 879 P.2d 1057, 1060 (1994); State v. Perham, 72 Haw. 290, 292 , 814 P.2d 914, 915 , reconsideration denied, 72 Haw. 616 , 841 P.2d 1074 (1991); State v. Wiley, 69 Haw. 589, 591 , 752 P.2d 102, 103 (1988); State v 2000There were probable cause and exigent circumstances to justify the seizure. [A]ny warrantless search of a constitutionally protected area is presumptively unreasonable unless there is both probable cause and a legally recognized exception to the warrant requirement. [State v.] Bonnell, 75 Haw. [124,] 137, 856 P.2d [1265,] 1273 [(1993)]; see also State v. Propios, 76 Hawai'i 474, 477 , 879 P.2d 1057, 1060 (1994); State v. Perham, 72 Haw. 290, 292 , 814 P.2d 914, 915 , reconsideration denied, 72 Haw. 616 , 841 P.2d 1074 (1991); State v. Wiley, 69 Haw. 589, 591 , 752 P.2d 102, 103 (1988); State v	2	1996–2000
Public Schools v. Walker green scotus · 1870 1 sentence 1993That being the case, “[a]ny warrantless search of a constitutionally protected area is . . . presumptively unreasonable unless there is both probable cause and a legally recognized exception to the warrant requirement.” Id. (citations omitted); see also State v. Wiley, 69 Haw. 589, 591 , 752 P.2d 102, 103 (1988); State v. Fields, 67 Haw. 268, 281 , 686 P.2d 1379, 1389 (1984); State v. Russo, 67 Haw. 126, 137 , 681 P.2d 553, 561 (1984); Clark, 65 Haw. at 493-94 , 654 P.2d at 359-60 (1982). 4 “ ‘[A] search is not. . .made legal by what it turns up.	1	1993–1993
United States v. Di Re green scotus · 1948 2 sentences 1993In law it is good or bad when it starts and does not change character from its success.’ ” State v. Phillips, 67 Haw. 535, 541 , 696 P.2d 346, 351 (1985) (quoting United States v. Di Re, 332 U.S. 581, 595 , 68 S. Ct. 222, 229 , 92 L. 1993In law it is good or bad when it starts and does not change character from its success.’ ” State v. Phillips, 67 Haw. 535, 541 , 696 P.2d 346, 351 (1985) (quoting United States v. Di Re, 332 U.S. 581, 595 , 68 S. Ct. 222, 229 , 92 L.	1	1993–1993

Statutes the citing opinions construe

HI § Haw. Rev. Stat. § 712-1243 (6) HI § Haw. Rev. Stat. § 712-1241 (4) HI § Haw. Rev. Stat. § 712-1249 (3)

Counted by distinct opinions that both name this issue and are annotated to the section; sections every opinion cites regardless of issue are not filtered here, so read the counts against the total above.

Where else courts name it

IL 81 (1982–2025) NC 50 (1982–2024) CT 24 (1979–2025) FL 16 (1989–2025) HI 11 (1986–2024) CO 6 (1992–2008) CA 6 (1978–2003) TX 4 (2015–2022) OK 4 (1990–2017) MN 4 (2015–2024) MI 3 (1965–1984) NM 3 (2018–2025) DE 3 (1953–1977) WA 3 (1987–2010) RI 2 (2008–2008)

Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.

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