legally recognized claim in North Carolina

2024A complaint is adequate if it provides sufficient information “to give the substantive elements of a legally recognized claim.” Raritan River Steel Co. v. Cherry, Bekaert & Holland, 322 N.C. 200, 205 , 367 S.E.2d 609, 612 (1988).

2024A complaint is adequate if it provides sufficient information “to give the substantive elements of a legally recognized claim.” Raritan River Steel Co. v. Cherry, Bekaert & Holland, 322 N.C. 200, 205 , 367 S.E.2d 609, 612 (1988).

2020Opinion of the Court substantive elements of a legally recognized claim . . . .” Raritan River Steel Co. v. Cherry, Bekaert & Holland, 322 N.C. 200, 205 , 367 S.E.2d 609, 612 (1988) (citing Stanback v. Stanback, 297 N.C. 181, 204 , 254 S.E.2d 611, 626 (1979)).

2020Opinion of the Court substantive elements of a legally recognized claim . . . .” Raritan River Steel Co. v. Cherry, Bekaert & Holland, 322 N.C. 200, 205 , 367 S.E.2d 609, 612 (1988) (citing Stanback v. Stanback, 297 N.C. 181, 204 , 254 S.E.2d 611, 626 (1979)).

2022Id. at 628-29 , 583 S.E.2d at 872 (cleaned up).

2022Id. at 628-29 , 583 S.E.2d at 872 (cleaned up).

2016Gen.Stat. § 1A-1, Rule 8(a)(1) (1983) ; Sutton v. Duke, 277 N.C. 94 , 176 S.E.2d 161 (1970) ). " 'While the concept of notice pleading is liberal in nature, a complaint must nonetheless state enough to give the substantive elements of a legally recognized claim or it may be dismissed under Rule 12(b)(6).' " Highland Paving Co., LLC v. First Bank, 227 N.C.App. 36 , 44, 742 S.E.2d 287 , 293 (2013) (quoting Raritan River Steel Co. v. Cherry, Bekaert & Holland, 322 N.C. 200 , 205, 367 S.E.2d 609 , 612 (1988) ).

2016Gen.Stat. § 1A-1, Rule 8(a)(1) (1983) ; Sutton v. Duke, 277 N.C. 94 , 176 S.E.2d 161 (1970) ). " 'While the concept of notice pleading is liberal in nature, a complaint must nonetheless state enough to give the substantive elements of a legally recognized claim or it may be dismissed under Rule 12(b)(6).' " Highland Paving Co., LLC v. First Bank, 227 N.C.App. 36 , 44, 742 S.E.2d 287 , 293 (2013) (quoting Raritan River Steel Co. v. Cherry, Bekaert & Holland, 322 N.C. 200 , 205, 367 S.E.2d 609 , 612 (1988) ).

2006Under the notice theory of pleadings, a *239 statement of claim is adequate if it gives sufficient notice of the claim asserted to enable the adverse party to answer and prepare for trial[.] Hill v. Perkins, 84 N.C.App. 644, 647 , 353 S.E.2d 686, 688 (1987) (emphasis added) (citations omitted). "`In reviewing a dismissal of a complaint for failure to state a claim, the appellate court must determine whether the complaint alleges the substantive elements of a legally recognized claim and whether it gives sufficient notice of the events which produced the claim to enable the adverse party to pre

2006Under the notice theory of pleadings, a *239 statement of claim is adequate if it gives sufficient notice of the claim asserted to enable the adverse party to answer and prepare for trial[.] Hill v. Perkins, 84 N.C.App. 644, 647 , 353 S.E.2d 686, 688 (1987) (emphasis added) (citations omitted). "`In reviewing a dismissal of a complaint for failure to state a claim, the appellate court must determine whether the complaint alleges the substantive elements of a legally recognized claim and whether it gives sufficient notice of the events which produced the claim to enable the adverse party to pre

2015See Booher v. Frue, 86 N.C.App. 390 , 392-93, 358 S.E.2d 127 , 128 (1987).

2015See Booher v. Frue, 86 N.C.App. 390 , 392-93, 358 S.E.2d 127 , 128 (1987).

2008In reviewing the dismissal of a complaint for failure to state a claim for relief, the appellate court reviews de novo "`whether the complaint alleges the substantive elements of a legally recognized claim and whether it gives sufficient notice of the events which produced the claim to enable the adverse party to prepare for trial.'" Id. at 274, 620 S.E.2d at 880 (quoting Toomer, 155 N.C.App. at 468 , 574 S.E.2d at 83 ).

2008In reviewing the dismissal of a complaint for failure to state a claim for relief, the appellate court reviews de novo "`whether the complaint alleges the substantive elements of a legally recognized claim and whether it gives sufficient notice of the events which produced the claim to enable the adverse party to prepare for trial.'" Id. at 274, 620 S.E.2d at 880 (quoting Toomer, 155 N.C.App. at 468 , 574 S.E.2d at 83 ).

2022But “[a] complaint should not be dismissed under Rule 12(b)(6) . . . unless it affirmatively appears that plaintiff is entitled to no relief under any state of facts which could be presented in support of the claim.” Ladd v. Est. of Kellenberger, 314 N.C. 477, 481 (1985). ¶ 61 To survive a motion to dismiss, a complaint asserting tortious interference by a corporate non-outsider must allege that the defendant acted without justification.

2022But “[a] complaint should not be dismissed under Rule 12(b)(6) . . . unless it affirmatively appears that plaintiff is entitled to no relief under any state of facts which could be presented in support of the claim.” Ladd v. Est. of Kellenberger, 314 N.C. 477, 481 (1985). ¶ 61 To survive a motion to dismiss, a complaint asserting tortious interference by a corporate non-outsider must allege that the defendant acted without justification.

2006Under the notice theory of pleadings, a *239 statement of claim is adequate if it gives sufficient notice of the claim asserted to enable the adverse party to answer and prepare for trial[.] Hill v. Perkins, 84 N.C.App. 644, 647 , 353 S.E.2d 686, 688 (1987) (emphasis added) (citations omitted). "`In reviewing a dismissal of a complaint for failure to state a claim, the appellate court must determine whether the complaint alleges the substantive elements of a legally recognized claim and whether it gives sufficient notice of the events which produced the claim to enable the adverse party to pre

2006App. 644, 647 , 353 S.E.2d 686, 688 (1987) (emphasis added) (citations omitted). “ ‘In reviewing a dismissal of a complaint for failure to státe a claim, the appellate court must determine whether the complaint alleges the substantive elements of a legally recognized claim and whether it gives sufficient notice of the events which produced the claim to enable the adverse party to prepare for trial.’ ” Toomer v. Garrett, 155 N.C.

2022Of course, a complaint must “allege[ ] the substantive elements of a legally recognized claim and . . . give[ ] sufficient notice of the events that produced the claim to enable the adverse party to prepare for trial.” Embree Const. Grp., Inc. v. Rafcor, Inc., 330 N.C. 487 , 490–91 (1992).

2022Of course, a complaint must “allege[ ] the substantive elements of a legally recognized claim and . . . give[ ] sufficient notice of the events that produced the claim to enable the adverse party to prepare for trial.” Embree Const. Grp., Inc. v. Rafcor, Inc., 330 N.C. 487 , 490–91 (1992).

2018"While the concept of notice pleading is liberal in nature, a complaint must nonetheless state enough to give the substantive elements of a legally recognized claim ...." Highland Paving Co., LLC v. First Bank , 227 N.C.

2018“While the concept of notice pleading is liberal in nature, a complaint must nonetheless state enough to give the substantive elements of a legally recognized claim . . . .” Highland Paving Co., LLC v. First Bank, 227 N.C.

2021Auth., 375 N.C. 288 , 297 (2020) (quoting Raritan River Steel Co. v. Cherry, Bekaert & Holland, 322 N.C. 200, 205 (1988)). “[P]roximate cause is ordinarily a question of fact for the jury, to be solved by the exercise of good common sense in the consideration of the evidence of each particular case.” McAllister v. Khie Sem Ha, 347 N.C. 638, 645 (1998) (alteration in original) (quoting Williams v. Carolina Power & Light Co., 296 N.C. 400, 403 (1979)).

2021Auth., 375 N.C. 288 , 297 (2020) (quoting Raritan River Steel Co. v. Cherry, Bekaert & Holland, 322 N.C. 200, 205 (1988)). “[P]roximate cause is ordinarily a question of fact for the jury, to be solved by the exercise of good common sense in the consideration of the evidence of each particular case.” McAllister v. Khie Sem Ha, 347 N.C. 638, 645 (1998) (alteration in original) (quoting Williams v. Carolina Power & Light Co., 296 N.C. 400, 403 (1979)).

2019App. at 35 , 693 S.E.2d at 181 (emphasis added); see also Lowd , 205 N.C.

2019The question before us in those cases, however, is not that which is before us here. *592 In Midkiff , for example, the plaintiff had waived the physician-patient privilege, a legally recognized privilege, and was challenging the trial court's failure to conduct an in camera review "to prevent disclosure of irrelevant or causally unrelated evidence." Midkiff , 204 N.C.

2019App. at 35 , 693 S.E.2d at 181 (emphasis added); see also Lowd , 205 N.C.

2018App. ----, ----, 782 S.E.2d 367 , 370 (2016) (quotation marks and citations omitted).

2018App. at ----, 782 S.E.2d at 370 (quotation marks and citations omitted) (in order to conform with the dictates of Rule 8(a)(1), "a complaint must ... state enough to give the substantive elements of a legally recognized claim or it may be dismissed under Rule 12(b)(6)").

2015In Raritan River Steel Co. v. Cherry, Bekaert & Holland, we reviewed in depth the duty an accountant owes to nonclients who make use of an accountant’s prepared financial reports, and we find that case instructive here. 322 N.C. 200, 207-16 , 367 S.E.2d 609, 613-18 (1988); see also Ballance v. Rinehart, 105 N.C.

2015In Raritan River Steel Co. v. Cherry, Bekaert & Holland we reviewed in depth the duty an accountant owes to nonclients who make use of an accountant’s prepared financial reports, and we find that case instructive here. 322 N.C. 200, 207-16 , 367 S.E.2d 609, 613-18 (1988); see also Ballance v. Rinehart, 105 N.C.

2014App. 30, 33 , 331 S.E.2d 717, 720 (1985) (“Plaintiff’s complaint, therefore, must give sufficient notice of the events on which he bases his claim[] and state sufficient facts to satisfy the substantive elements of a legally recognized claim [to avoid dismissal under Rule 12(b)(6)].”) (emphasis added).

2004App. 275, 278-79 , 291 S.E.2d 282, 285 (1982) (reversing dismissal because allegations that *293 the defendants had a duty to hire a competent construction company, breached that duty, and plaintiff was injured as a result, provided “adequate notice of the nature and extent of a legally recognized claim”).

1996Miller, Federal Practice and Procedure § 1357, at 340 (2d ed. 1990); Raritan River Steel Co. v. Cherry, Bekaert & Holland, 322 N.C. 200, 205 , 367 S.E.2d 609, 612 (1988) ("complaint must ... state enough to give the substantive *494 elements of a legally recognized claim"), appeal after remand, 101 N.C.App. 1 , 398 S.E.2d 889 (1990), rev'd on other grounds, 329 N.C. 646 , 407 S.E.2d 178 (1991); Bynum v. Fredrickson Motor Express Corp., 112 N.C.App. 125, 129 , 434 S.E.2d 241, 243 (1993) (not sufficient to merely allege elements of claim).

1996Miller, Federal Practice and Procedure § 1357, at 340 (2d ed. 1990); Raritan River Steel Co. v. Cherry, Bekaert & Holland, 322 N.C. 200, 205 , 367 S.E.2d 609, 612 (1988) ("complaint must ... state enough to give the substantive *494 elements of a legally recognized claim"), appeal after remand, 101 N.C.App. 1 , 398 S.E.2d 889 (1990), rev'd on other grounds, 329 N.C. 646 , 407 S.E.2d 178 (1991); Bynum v. Fredrickson Motor Express Corp., 112 N.C.App. 125, 129 , 434 S.E.2d 241, 243 (1993) (not sufficient to merely allege elements of claim).