general reasonableness standard in Iowa

10 Iowa opinions name it 2 courts 1987–2019 0 in the last five years

The cases below were cited by Iowa courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.

Followed or applied (21)

Case	Followed	Cited
State v. Krepsgreen iowa · 2002 · cited in 3 Iowa opinions naming this issue, 2017–2019 2 sentences 2019See Pennsylvania v. Mimms, 434 U.S. 106, 108-09 (1977) (“The touchstone of our analysis under the Fourth Amendment is always ‘the reasonableness in all the circumstances of the particular governmental invasion of a citizen’s personal security.’” (citation omitted)); Kreps, 650 N.W.2d at 641 (“The Fourth Amendment imposes a general reasonableness standard upon all searches and seizures.”). 2018See Pennsylvania v. Mimms , 434 U.S. 106 , 108-09 (1977) ("The touchstone of our analysis under the Fourth Amendment is always the reasonableness in all circumstances of the particular governmental invasion of a citizen's personal security." (citation omitted) ); State v. Kreps , 650 N.W.2d 636 , 641 (Iowa 2002) ("The Fourth Amendment imposes a general reasonableness standard upon all searches and seizures.").	3	3
Pennsylvania v. Mimmsgreen scotus · 1977 · cited in 3 Iowa opinions naming this issue, 2017–2019 2 sentences 2019See Pennsylvania v. Mimms, 434 U.S. 106, 108-09 (1977) (“The touchstone of our analysis under the Fourth Amendment is always ‘the reasonableness in all the circumstances of the particular governmental invasion of a citizen’s personal security.’” (citation omitted)); Kreps, 650 N.W.2d at 641 (“The Fourth Amendment imposes a general reasonableness standard upon all searches and seizures.”). 2018See Pennsylvania v. Mimms , 434 U.S. 106 , 108-09 (1977) ("The touchstone of our analysis under the Fourth Amendment is always the reasonableness in all circumstances of the particular governmental invasion of a citizen's personal security." (citation omitted) ); State v. Kreps , 650 N.W.2d 636 , 641 (Iowa 2002) ("The Fourth Amendment imposes a general reasonableness standard upon all searches and seizures.").	3	3
Jones v. Stategreen del · 1999 · cited in 1 Iowa opinions naming this issue, 2013–2013 2 sentences 2013Ed. 2d 412 (1990)); State v. Boyanovsky, 743 P.2d 711, 712 (Or. 1987) (invalidating warrantless sobriety roadblock under state constitution prior to United States Supreme Court’s decision in Sitz); Pimental v. Dep’t of Transp., 561 A.2d 1348, 1352 (R.I. 1989) (same); City of Seattle v. Mesiani, 755 P.2d 775, 777 (Wash. 1988) (same); 2 Friesen § 11.09, at 11–110 to 11– 112 & n.479. 40See, e.g., People v. Hill, 929 P.2d 735 , 738–39 (Colo. 1996); State v. Greenfield, 634 A.2d 879, 883 (Conn. 1993); Jones v. State, 745 A.2d 856, 869 (Del. 1999); State v. Quino, 840 P.2d 358, 362 (Haw. 1992); Comm 2013See, e.g., People v. Hill, 929 P.2d 735, 738-39 (Colo.1996); State v. Greenfield, 228 Conn. 62 , 634 A.2d 879, 883 (1993); Jones v. State, 745 A.2d 856, 869 (Del.1999); State v. Quino, 74 Haw. 161 , 840 P.2d 358, 362 (1992); Commonwealth v. Stoute, 422 Mass. 782 , 665 N.E.2d 93, 95-98 (1996); In re Welfare of E.D.J., 502 N.W.2d 779, 783 (Minn.1993); State v. Clayton, 309 Mont. 215 , 45 P.3d 30, 34 (2002); State v. Quezada, 141 N.H. 258 , 681 A.2d 79, 80-81 (1996); State v. Tucker, 136 N.J. 158 , 642 A.2d 401, 405-06 (1994); Commonwealth v. Matos, 543 Pa. 449 , 672 A.2d 769, 776 (1996); State v	1	1
Commonwealth v. Stoutegreen mass · 1996 · cited in 1 Iowa opinions naming this issue, 2013–2013 2 sentences 2013See, e.g., People v. Hill, 929 P.2d 735, 738-39 (Colo.1996); State v. Greenfield, 228 Conn. 62 , 634 A.2d 879, 883 (1993); Jones v. State, 745 A.2d 856, 869 (Del.1999); State v. Quino, 74 Haw. 161 , 840 P.2d 358, 362 (1992); Commonwealth v. Stoute, 422 Mass. 782 , 665 N.E.2d 93, 95-98 (1996); In re Welfare of E.D.J., 502 N.W.2d 779, 783 (Minn.1993); State v. Clayton, 309 Mont. 215 , 45 P.3d 30, 34 (2002); State v. Quezada, 141 N.H. 258 , 681 A.2d 79, 80-81 (1996); State v. Tucker, 136 N.J. 158 , 642 A.2d 401, 405-06 (1994); Commonwealth v. Matos, 543 Pa. 449 , 672 A.2d 769, 776 (1996); State v 2013See, e.g., People v. Hill, 929 P.2d 735, 738-39 (Colo.1996); State v. Greenfield, 228 Conn. 62 , 634 A.2d 879, 883 (1993); Jones v. State, 745 A.2d 856, 869 (Del.1999); State v. Quino, 74 Haw. 161 , 840 P.2d 358, 362 (1992); Commonwealth v. Stoute, 422 Mass. 782 , 665 N.E.2d 93, 95-98 (1996); In re Welfare of E.D.J., 502 N.W.2d 779, 783 (Minn.1993); State v. Clayton, 309 Mont. 215 , 45 P.3d 30, 34 (2002); State v. Quezada, 141 N.H. 258 , 681 A.2d 79, 80-81 (1996); State v. Tucker, 136 N.J. 158 , 642 A.2d 401, 405-06 (1994); Commonwealth v. Matos, 543 Pa. 449 , 672 A.2d 769, 776 (1996); State v	1	1
State v. Quezadagreen nh · 1996 · cited in 1 Iowa opinions naming this issue, 2013–2013 2 sentences 2013See, e.g., People v. Hill, 929 P.2d 735, 738-39 (Colo.1996); State v. Greenfield, 228 Conn. 62 , 634 A.2d 879, 883 (1993); Jones v. State, 745 A.2d 856, 869 (Del.1999); State v. Quino, 74 Haw. 161 , 840 P.2d 358, 362 (1992); Commonwealth v. Stoute, 422 Mass. 782 , 665 N.E.2d 93, 95-98 (1996); In re Welfare of E.D.J., 502 N.W.2d 779, 783 (Minn.1993); State v. Clayton, 309 Mont. 215 , 45 P.3d 30, 34 (2002); State v. Quezada, 141 N.H. 258 , 681 A.2d 79, 80-81 (1996); State v. Tucker, 136 N.J. 158 , 642 A.2d 401, 405-06 (1994); Commonwealth v. Matos, 543 Pa. 449 , 672 A.2d 769, 776 (1996); State v 2013See, e.g., People v. Hill, 929 P.2d 735, 738-39 (Colo.1996); State v. Greenfield, 228 Conn. 62 , 634 A.2d 879, 883 (1993); Jones v. State, 745 A.2d 856, 869 (Del.1999); State v. Quino, 74 Haw. 161 , 840 P.2d 358, 362 (1992); Commonwealth v. Stoute, 422 Mass. 782 , 665 N.E.2d 93, 95-98 (1996); In re Welfare of E.D.J., 502 N.W.2d 779, 783 (Minn.1993); State v. Clayton, 309 Mont. 215 , 45 P.3d 30, 34 (2002); State v. Quezada, 141 N.H. 258 , 681 A.2d 79, 80-81 (1996); State v. Tucker, 136 N.J. 158 , 642 A.2d 401, 405-06 (1994); Commonwealth v. Matos, 543 Pa. 449 , 672 A.2d 769, 776 (1996); State v	1	1
State v. Greenfieldgreen conn · 1993 · cited in 1 Iowa opinions naming this issue, 2013–2013 2 sentences 2013See, e.g., People v. Hill, 929 P.2d 735, 738-39 (Colo.1996); State v. Greenfield, 228 Conn. 62 , 634 A.2d 879, 883 (1993); Jones v. State, 745 A.2d 856, 869 (Del.1999); State v. Quino, 74 Haw. 161 , 840 P.2d 358, 362 (1992); Commonwealth v. Stoute, 422 Mass. 782 , 665 N.E.2d 93, 95-98 (1996); In re Welfare of E.D.J., 502 N.W.2d 779, 783 (Minn.1993); State v. Clayton, 309 Mont. 215 , 45 P.3d 30, 34 (2002); State v. Quezada, 141 N.H. 258 , 681 A.2d 79, 80-81 (1996); State v. Tucker, 136 N.J. 158 , 642 A.2d 401, 405-06 (1994); Commonwealth v. Matos, 543 Pa. 449 , 672 A.2d 769, 776 (1996); State v 2013See, e.g., People v. Hill, 929 P.2d 735, 738-39 (Colo.1996); State v. Greenfield, 228 Conn. 62 , 634 A.2d 879, 883 (1993); Jones v. State, 745 A.2d 856, 869 (Del.1999); State v. Quino, 74 Haw. 161 , 840 P.2d 358, 362 (1992); Commonwealth v. Stoute, 422 Mass. 782 , 665 N.E.2d 93, 95-98 (1996); In re Welfare of E.D.J., 502 N.W.2d 779, 783 (Minn.1993); State v. Clayton, 309 Mont. 215 , 45 P.3d 30, 34 (2002); State v. Quezada, 141 N.H. 258 , 681 A.2d 79, 80-81 (1996); State v. Tucker, 136 N.J. 158 , 642 A.2d 401, 405-06 (1994); Commonwealth v. Matos, 543 Pa. 449 , 672 A.2d 769, 776 (1996); State v	1	1
People v. Hillgreen colo · 1996 · cited in 1 Iowa opinions naming this issue, 2013–2013 2 sentences 2013Ed. 2d 412 (1990)); State v. Boyanovsky, 743 P.2d 711, 712 (Or. 1987) (invalidating warrantless sobriety roadblock under state constitution prior to United States Supreme Court’s decision in Sitz); Pimental v. Dep’t of Transp., 561 A.2d 1348, 1352 (R.I. 1989) (same); City of Seattle v. Mesiani, 755 P.2d 775, 777 (Wash. 1988) (same); 2 Friesen § 11.09, at 11–110 to 11– 112 & n.479. 40See, e.g., People v. Hill, 929 P.2d 735 , 738–39 (Colo. 1996); State v. Greenfield, 634 A.2d 879, 883 (Conn. 1993); Jones v. State, 745 A.2d 856, 869 (Del. 1999); State v. Quino, 840 P.2d 358, 362 (Haw. 1992); Comm 2013See, e.g., People v. Hill, 929 P.2d 735, 738-39 (Colo.1996); State v. Greenfield, 228 Conn. 62 , 634 A.2d 879, 883 (1993); Jones v. State, 745 A.2d 856, 869 (Del.1999); State v. Quino, 74 Haw. 161 , 840 P.2d 358, 362 (1992); Commonwealth v. Stoute, 422 Mass. 782 , 665 N.E.2d 93, 95-98 (1996); In re Welfare of E.D.J., 502 N.W.2d 779, 783 (Minn.1993); State v. Clayton, 309 Mont. 215 , 45 P.3d 30, 34 (2002); State v. Quezada, 141 N.H. 258 , 681 A.2d 79, 80-81 (1996); State v. Tucker, 136 N.J. 158 , 642 A.2d 401, 405-06 (1994); Commonwealth v. Matos, 543 Pa. 449 , 672 A.2d 769, 776 (1996); State v	1	1
Michigan Department of State Police v. Sitzgreen scotus · 1990 · cited in 1 Iowa opinions naming this issue, 2013–2013 2 sentences 2013Safety, 519 N.W.2d 183, 187 (Minn.1994); see also State v. Henderson, 114 Idaho 293 , 756 P.2d 1057, 1063 (1988) (invalidating sobriety checkpoint where police lack express legislative authority, particularized suspicion, and judicial approval on state constitutional grounds prior to United States Supreme Court's decision to uphold them on a general reasonableness standard in Michigan Department of State Police v. Sitz, 496 U.S. 444 , 110 S.Ct. 2481 , 110 L.Ed.2d 412 (1990)); State v. Boyanovsky, 304 Or. 131 , 743 P.2d 711, 712 (1987) (invalidating warrantless sobriety roadblock under state co 2013Safety, 519 N.W.2d 183, 187 (Minn.1994); see also State v. Henderson, 114 Idaho 293 , 756 P.2d 1057, 1063 (1988) (invalidating sobriety checkpoint where police lack express legislative authority, particularized suspicion, and judicial approval on state constitutional grounds prior to United States Supreme Court's decision to uphold them on a general reasonableness standard in Michigan Department of State Police v. Sitz, 496 U.S. 444 , 110 S.Ct. 2481 , 110 L.Ed.2d 412 (1990)); State v. Boyanovsky, 304 Or. 131 , 743 P.2d 711, 712 (1987) (invalidating warrantless sobriety roadblock under state co	1	1
Commonwealth v. Matosgreen pa · 1996 · cited in 1 Iowa opinions naming this issue, 2013–2013 2 sentences 2013See, e.g., People v. Hill, 929 P.2d 735, 738-39 (Colo.1996); State v. Greenfield, 228 Conn. 62 , 634 A.2d 879, 883 (1993); Jones v. State, 745 A.2d 856, 869 (Del.1999); State v. Quino, 74 Haw. 161 , 840 P.2d 358, 362 (1992); Commonwealth v. Stoute, 422 Mass. 782 , 665 N.E.2d 93, 95-98 (1996); In re Welfare of E.D.J., 502 N.W.2d 779, 783 (Minn.1993); State v. Clayton, 309 Mont. 215 , 45 P.3d 30, 34 (2002); State v. Quezada, 141 N.H. 258 , 681 A.2d 79, 80-81 (1996); State v. Tucker, 136 N.J. 158 , 642 A.2d 401, 405-06 (1994); Commonwealth v. Matos, 543 Pa. 449 , 672 A.2d 769, 776 (1996); State v 2013See, e.g., People v. Hill, 929 P.2d 735, 738-39 (Colo.1996); State v. Greenfield, 228 Conn. 62 , 634 A.2d 879, 883 (1993); Jones v. State, 745 A.2d 856, 869 (Del.1999); State v. Quino, 74 Haw. 161 , 840 P.2d 358, 362 (1992); Commonwealth v. Stoute, 422 Mass. 782 , 665 N.E.2d 93, 95-98 (1996); In re Welfare of E.D.J., 502 N.W.2d 779, 783 (Minn.1993); State v. Clayton, 309 Mont. 215 , 45 P.3d 30, 34 (2002); State v. Quezada, 141 N.H. 258 , 681 A.2d 79, 80-81 (1996); State v. Tucker, 136 N.J. 158 , 642 A.2d 401, 405-06 (1994); Commonwealth v. Matos, 543 Pa. 449 , 672 A.2d 769, 776 (1996); State v	1	1
State v. Hendersongreen idaho · 1988 · cited in 1 Iowa opinions naming this issue, 2013–2013 2 sentences 2013Safety, 519 N.W.2d 183, 187 (Minn.1994); see also State v. Henderson, 114 Idaho 293 , 756 P.2d 1057, 1063 (1988) (invalidating sobriety checkpoint where police lack express legislative authority, particularized suspicion, and judicial approval on state constitutional grounds prior to United States Supreme Court's decision to uphold them on a general reasonableness standard in Michigan Department of State Police v. Sitz, 496 U.S. 444 , 110 S.Ct. 2481 , 110 L.Ed.2d 412 (1990)); State v. Boyanovsky, 304 Or. 131 , 743 P.2d 711, 712 (1987) (invalidating warrantless sobriety roadblock under state co 2013Safety, 519 N.W.2d 183, 187 (Minn.1994); see also State v. Henderson, 114 Idaho 293 , 756 P.2d 1057, 1063 (1988) (invalidating sobriety checkpoint where police lack express legislative authority, particularized suspicion, and judicial approval on state constitutional grounds prior to United States Supreme Court's decision to uphold them on a general reasonableness standard in Michigan Department of State Police v. Sitz, 496 U.S. 444 , 110 S.Ct. 2481 , 110 L.Ed.2d 412 (1990)); State v. Boyanovsky, 304 Or. 131 , 743 P.2d 711, 712 (1987) (invalidating warrantless sobriety roadblock under state co	1	1
City of Seattle v. Mesianigreen wash · 1988 · cited in 1 Iowa opinions naming this issue, 2013–2013 2 sentences 2013Safety, 519 N.W.2d 183, 187 (Minn.1994); see also State v. Henderson, 114 Idaho 293 , 756 P.2d 1057, 1063 (1988) (invalidating sobriety checkpoint where police lack express legislative authority, particularized suspicion, and judicial approval on state constitutional grounds prior to United States Supreme Court's decision to uphold them on a general reasonableness standard in Michigan Department of State Police v. Sitz, 496 U.S. 444 , 110 S.Ct. 2481 , 110 L.Ed.2d 412 (1990)); State v. Boyanovsky, 304 Or. 131 , 743 P.2d 711, 712 (1987) (invalidating warrantless sobriety roadblock under state co 2013Safety, 519 N.W.2d 183, 187 (Minn.1994); see also State v. Henderson, 114 Idaho 293 , 756 P.2d 1057, 1063 (1988) (invalidating sobriety checkpoint where police lack express legislative authority, particularized suspicion, and judicial approval on state constitutional grounds prior to United States Supreme Court's decision to uphold them on a general reasonableness standard in Michigan Department of State Police v. Sitz, 496 U.S. 444 , 110 S.Ct. 2481 , 110 L.Ed.2d 412 (1990)); State v. Boyanovsky, 304 Or. 131 , 743 P.2d 711, 712 (1987) (invalidating warrantless sobriety roadblock under state co	1	1
State v. Tuckergreen nj · 1994 · cited in 1 Iowa opinions naming this issue, 2013–2013 2 sentences 2013See, e.g., People v. Hill, 929 P.2d 735, 738-39 (Colo.1996); State v. Greenfield, 228 Conn. 62 , 634 A.2d 879, 883 (1993); Jones v. State, 745 A.2d 856, 869 (Del.1999); State v. Quino, 74 Haw. 161 , 840 P.2d 358, 362 (1992); Commonwealth v. Stoute, 422 Mass. 782 , 665 N.E.2d 93, 95-98 (1996); In re Welfare of E.D.J., 502 N.W.2d 779, 783 (Minn.1993); State v. Clayton, 309 Mont. 215 , 45 P.3d 30, 34 (2002); State v. Quezada, 141 N.H. 258 , 681 A.2d 79, 80-81 (1996); State v. Tucker, 136 N.J. 158 , 642 A.2d 401, 405-06 (1994); Commonwealth v. Matos, 543 Pa. 449 , 672 A.2d 769, 776 (1996); State v 2013See, e.g., People v. Hill, 929 P.2d 735, 738-39 (Colo.1996); State v. Greenfield, 228 Conn. 62 , 634 A.2d 879, 883 (1993); Jones v. State, 745 A.2d 856, 869 (Del.1999); State v. Quino, 74 Haw. 161 , 840 P.2d 358, 362 (1992); Commonwealth v. Stoute, 422 Mass. 782 , 665 N.E.2d 93, 95-98 (1996); In re Welfare of E.D.J., 502 N.W.2d 779, 783 (Minn.1993); State v. Clayton, 309 Mont. 215 , 45 P.3d 30, 34 (2002); State v. Quezada, 141 N.H. 258 , 681 A.2d 79, 80-81 (1996); State v. Tucker, 136 N.J. 158 , 642 A.2d 401, 405-06 (1994); Commonwealth v. Matos, 543 Pa. 449 , 672 A.2d 769, 776 (1996); State v	1	1
State v. Boyanovskygreen or · 1987 · cited in 1 Iowa opinions naming this issue, 2013–2013 2 sentences 2013Safety, 519 N.W.2d 183, 187 (Minn.1994); see also State v. Henderson, 114 Idaho 293 , 756 P.2d 1057, 1063 (1988) (invalidating sobriety checkpoint where police lack express legislative authority, particularized suspicion, and judicial approval on state constitutional grounds prior to United States Supreme Court's decision to uphold them on a general reasonableness standard in Michigan Department of State Police v. Sitz, 496 U.S. 444 , 110 S.Ct. 2481 , 110 L.Ed.2d 412 (1990)); State v. Boyanovsky, 304 Or. 131 , 743 P.2d 711, 712 (1987) (invalidating warrantless sobriety roadblock under state co 2013Safety, 519 N.W.2d 183, 187 (Minn.1994); see also State v. Henderson, 114 Idaho 293 , 756 P.2d 1057, 1063 (1988) (invalidating sobriety checkpoint where police lack express legislative authority, particularized suspicion, and judicial approval on state constitutional grounds prior to United States Supreme Court's decision to uphold them on a general reasonableness standard in Michigan Department of State Police v. Sitz, 496 U.S. 444 , 110 S.Ct. 2481 , 110 L.Ed.2d 412 (1990)); State v. Boyanovsky, 304 Or. 131 , 743 P.2d 711, 712 (1987) (invalidating warrantless sobriety roadblock under state co	1	1
Pimental v. Department of Transportationgreen ri · 1989 · cited in 1 Iowa opinions naming this issue, 2013–2013 2 sentences 2013Ed. 2d 412 (1990)); State v. Boyanovsky, 743 P.2d 711, 712 (Or. 1987) (invalidating warrantless sobriety roadblock under state constitution prior to United States Supreme Court’s decision in Sitz); Pimental v. Dep’t of Transp., 561 A.2d 1348, 1352 (R.I. 1989) (same); City of Seattle v. Mesiani, 755 P.2d 775, 777 (Wash. 1988) (same); 2 Friesen § 11.09, at 11–110 to 11– 112 & n.479. 40See, e.g., People v. Hill, 929 P.2d 735 , 738–39 (Colo. 1996); State v. Greenfield, 634 A.2d 879, 883 (Conn. 1993); Jones v. State, 745 A.2d 856, 869 (Del. 1999); State v. Quino, 840 P.2d 358, 362 (Haw. 1992); Comm 2013Safety, 519 N.W.2d 183, 187 (Minn.1994); see also State v. Henderson, 114 Idaho 293 , 756 P.2d 1057, 1063 (1988) (invalidating sobriety checkpoint where police lack express legislative authority, particularized suspicion, and judicial approval on state constitutional grounds prior to United States Supreme Court's decision to uphold them on a general reasonableness standard in Michigan Department of State Police v. Sitz, 496 U.S. 444 , 110 S.Ct. 2481 , 110 L.Ed.2d 412 (1990)); State v. Boyanovsky, 304 Or. 131 , 743 P.2d 711, 712 (1987) (invalidating warrantless sobriety roadblock under state co	1	1
State v. Younggreen wash · 1998 · cited in 1 Iowa opinions naming this issue, 2013–2013 2 sentences 2013Ed. 2d 412 (1990)); State v. Boyanovsky, 743 P.2d 711, 712 (Or. 1987) (invalidating warrantless sobriety roadblock under state constitution prior to United States Supreme Court’s decision in Sitz); Pimental v. Dep’t of Transp., 561 A.2d 1348, 1352 (R.I. 1989) (same); City of Seattle v. Mesiani, 755 P.2d 775, 777 (Wash. 1988) (same); 2 Friesen § 11.09, at 11–110 to 11– 112 & n.479. 40See, e.g., People v. Hill, 929 P.2d 735 , 738–39 (Colo. 1996); State v. Greenfield, 634 A.2d 879, 883 (Conn. 1993); Jones v. State, 745 A.2d 856, 869 (Del. 1999); State v. Quino, 840 P.2d 358, 362 (Haw. 1992); Comm 2013See, e.g., People v. Hill, 929 P.2d 735, 738-39 (Colo.1996); State v. Greenfield, 228 Conn. 62 , 634 A.2d 879, 883 (1993); Jones v. State, 745 A.2d 856, 869 (Del.1999); State v. Quino, 74 Haw. 161 , 840 P.2d 358, 362 (1992); Commonwealth v. Stoute, 422 Mass. 782 , 665 N.E.2d 93, 95-98 (1996); In re Welfare of E.D.J., 502 N.W.2d 779, 783 (Minn.1993); State v. Clayton, 309 Mont. 215 , 45 P.3d 30, 34 (2002); State v. Quezada, 141 N.H. 258 , 681 A.2d 79, 80-81 (1996); State v. Tucker, 136 N.J. 158 , 642 A.2d 401, 405-06 (1994); Commonwealth v. Matos, 543 Pa. 449 , 672 A.2d 769, 776 (1996); State v	1	1
Ascher v. Commissioner of Public Safetygreen minn · 1994 · cited in 1 Iowa opinions naming this issue, 2013–2013 2 sentences 2013Safety, 519 N.W.2d 183, 187 (Minn. 1994); see also State v. Henderson, 756 P.2d 1057, 1063 (Idaho 1988) (invalidating sobriety checkpoint where police lack express legislative authority, particularized suspicion, and judicial approval on state constitutional grounds prior to United States Supreme Court’s decision to uphold them on a general reasonableness standard in Michigan Department of State Police v. Sitz, 496 U.S. 444 , 110 S. Ct. 2481 , 110 L. 2013Safety, 519 N.W.2d 183, 187 (Minn.1994); see also State v. Henderson, 114 Idaho 293 , 756 P.2d 1057, 1063 (1988) (invalidating sobriety checkpoint where police lack express legislative authority, particularized suspicion, and judicial approval on state constitutional grounds prior to United States Supreme Court's decision to uphold them on a general reasonableness standard in Michigan Department of State Police v. Sitz, 496 U.S. 444 , 110 S.Ct. 2481 , 110 L.Ed.2d 412 (1990)); State v. Boyanovsky, 304 Or. 131 , 743 P.2d 711, 712 (1987) (invalidating warrantless sobriety roadblock under state co	1	1
In Re the Welfare of E.D.J.green minn · 1993 · cited in 1 Iowa opinions naming this issue, 2013–2013 2 sentences 2013Ed. 2d 412 (1990)); State v. Boyanovsky, 743 P.2d 711, 712 (Or. 1987) (invalidating warrantless sobriety roadblock under state constitution prior to United States Supreme Court’s decision in Sitz); Pimental v. Dep’t of Transp., 561 A.2d 1348, 1352 (R.I. 1989) (same); City of Seattle v. Mesiani, 755 P.2d 775, 777 (Wash. 1988) (same); 2 Friesen § 11.09, at 11–110 to 11– 112 & n.479. 40See, e.g., People v. Hill, 929 P.2d 735 , 738–39 (Colo. 1996); State v. Greenfield, 634 A.2d 879, 883 (Conn. 1993); Jones v. State, 745 A.2d 856, 869 (Del. 1999); State v. Quino, 840 P.2d 358, 362 (Haw. 1992); Comm 2013See, e.g., People v. Hill, 929 P.2d 735, 738-39 (Colo.1996); State v. Greenfield, 228 Conn. 62 , 634 A.2d 879, 883 (1993); Jones v. State, 745 A.2d 856, 869 (Del.1999); State v. Quino, 74 Haw. 161 , 840 P.2d 358, 362 (1992); Commonwealth v. Stoute, 422 Mass. 782 , 665 N.E.2d 93, 95-98 (1996); In re Welfare of E.D.J., 502 N.W.2d 779, 783 (Minn.1993); State v. Clayton, 309 Mont. 215 , 45 P.3d 30, 34 (2002); State v. Quezada, 141 N.H. 258 , 681 A.2d 79, 80-81 (1996); State v. Tucker, 136 N.J. 158 , 642 A.2d 401, 405-06 (1994); Commonwealth v. Matos, 543 Pa. 449 , 672 A.2d 769, 776 (1996); State v	1	1
State v. Quinogreen haw · 1992 · cited in 1 Iowa opinions naming this issue, 2013–2013 2 sentences 2013See, e.g., People v. Hill, 929 P.2d 735, 738-39 (Colo.1996); State v. Greenfield, 228 Conn. 62 , 634 A.2d 879, 883 (1993); Jones v. State, 745 A.2d 856, 869 (Del.1999); State v. Quino, 74 Haw. 161 , 840 P.2d 358, 362 (1992); Commonwealth v. Stoute, 422 Mass. 782 , 665 N.E.2d 93, 95-98 (1996); In re Welfare of E.D.J., 502 N.W.2d 779, 783 (Minn.1993); State v. Clayton, 309 Mont. 215 , 45 P.3d 30, 34 (2002); State v. Quezada, 141 N.H. 258 , 681 A.2d 79, 80-81 (1996); State v. Tucker, 136 N.J. 158 , 642 A.2d 401, 405-06 (1994); Commonwealth v. Matos, 543 Pa. 449 , 672 A.2d 769, 776 (1996); State v 2013See, e.g., People v. Hill, 929 P.2d 735, 738-39 (Colo.1996); State v. Greenfield, 228 Conn. 62 , 634 A.2d 879, 883 (1993); Jones v. State, 745 A.2d 856, 869 (Del.1999); State v. Quino, 74 Haw. 161 , 840 P.2d 358, 362 (1992); Commonwealth v. Stoute, 422 Mass. 782 , 665 N.E.2d 93, 95-98 (1996); In re Welfare of E.D.J., 502 N.W.2d 779, 783 (Minn.1993); State v. Clayton, 309 Mont. 215 , 45 P.3d 30, 34 (2002); State v. Quezada, 141 N.H. 258 , 681 A.2d 79, 80-81 (1996); State v. Tucker, 136 N.J. 158 , 642 A.2d 401, 405-06 (1994); Commonwealth v. Matos, 543 Pa. 449 , 672 A.2d 769, 776 (1996); State v	1	1
State v. Claytongreen mont · 2002 · cited in 1 Iowa opinions naming this issue, 2013–2013 2 sentences 2013Ed. 2d 412 (1990)); State v. Boyanovsky, 743 P.2d 711, 712 (Or. 1987) (invalidating warrantless sobriety roadblock under state constitution prior to United States Supreme Court’s decision in Sitz); Pimental v. Dep’t of Transp., 561 A.2d 1348, 1352 (R.I. 1989) (same); City of Seattle v. Mesiani, 755 P.2d 775, 777 (Wash. 1988) (same); 2 Friesen § 11.09, at 11–110 to 11– 112 & n.479. 40See, e.g., People v. Hill, 929 P.2d 735 , 738–39 (Colo. 1996); State v. Greenfield, 634 A.2d 879, 883 (Conn. 1993); Jones v. State, 745 A.2d 856, 869 (Del. 1999); State v. Quino, 840 P.2d 358, 362 (Haw. 1992); Comm 2013See, e.g., People v. Hill, 929 P.2d 735, 738-39 (Colo.1996); State v. Greenfield, 228 Conn. 62 , 634 A.2d 879, 883 (1993); Jones v. State, 745 A.2d 856, 869 (Del.1999); State v. Quino, 74 Haw. 161 , 840 P.2d 358, 362 (1992); Commonwealth v. Stoute, 422 Mass. 782 , 665 N.E.2d 93, 95-98 (1996); In re Welfare of E.D.J., 502 N.W.2d 779, 783 (Minn.1993); State v. Clayton, 309 Mont. 215 , 45 P.3d 30, 34 (2002); State v. Quezada, 141 N.H. 258 , 681 A.2d 79, 80-81 (1996); State v. Tucker, 136 N.J. 158 , 642 A.2d 401, 405-06 (1994); Commonwealth v. Matos, 543 Pa. 449 , 672 A.2d 769, 776 (1996); State v	1	1
State v. Randolphgreen ca5 · 2002 · cited in 1 Iowa opinions naming this issue, 2013–2013 2 sentences 2013Ed. 2d 412 (1990)); State v. Boyanovsky, 743 P.2d 711, 712 (Or. 1987) (invalidating warrantless sobriety roadblock under state constitution prior to United States Supreme Court’s decision in Sitz); Pimental v. Dep’t of Transp., 561 A.2d 1348, 1352 (R.I. 1989) (same); City of Seattle v. Mesiani, 755 P.2d 775, 777 (Wash. 1988) (same); 2 Friesen § 11.09, at 11–110 to 11– 112 & n.479. 40See, e.g., People v. Hill, 929 P.2d 735 , 738–39 (Colo. 1996); State v. Greenfield, 634 A.2d 879, 883 (Conn. 1993); Jones v. State, 745 A.2d 856, 869 (Del. 1999); State v. Quino, 840 P.2d 358, 362 (Haw. 1992); Comm 2013See, e.g., People v. Hill, 929 P.2d 735, 738-39 (Colo.1996); State v. Greenfield, 228 Conn. 62 , 634 A.2d 879, 883 (1993); Jones v. State, 745 A.2d 856, 869 (Del.1999); State v. Quino, 74 Haw. 161 , 840 P.2d 358, 362 (1992); Commonwealth v. Stoute, 422 Mass. 782 , 665 N.E.2d 93, 95-98 (1996); In re Welfare of E.D.J., 502 N.W.2d 779, 783 (Minn.1993); State v. Clayton, 309 Mont. 215 , 45 P.3d 30, 34 (2002); State v. Quezada, 141 N.H. 258 , 681 A.2d 79, 80-81 (1996); State v. Tucker, 136 N.J. 158 , 642 A.2d 401, 405-06 (1994); Commonwealth v. Matos, 543 Pa. 449 , 672 A.2d 769, 776 (1996); State v	1	1
Terry v. Ohiogreen scotus · 1968 · cited in 1 Iowa opinions naming this issue, 1987–1987 2 sentences 1987Terry v. Ohio, 392 U.S. 1, 20 , 88 S.Ct. 1868, 1879 , 20 L.Ed.2d 889, 905 (1968). 1987Terry v. Ohio, 392 U.S. 1, 20 , 88 S.Ct. 1868, 1879 , 20 L.Ed.2d 889, 905 (1968).	1	1

Distinguished, questioned or overruled (0)

Case	Negative	Cited
No negative-treatment citations attached to this issue in Iowa. Read the followed side critically anyway.

Also cited on this issue (6)

Case	Cited	Years
Birchfield v. N. Dakota. William Robert Bernard green scotus · 2016 2 sentences 2017Id. at ___, 136 S. Ct. at 2186 . 2017Id. at ___, 136 S. Ct. at 2186 .	3	2017–2017
State v. Clayton green mont · 2002 1 sentence 2013See, e.g., People v. Hill, 929 P.2d 735, 738-39 (Colo.1996); State v. Greenfield, 228 Conn. 62 , 634 A.2d 879, 883 (1993); Jones v. State, 745 A.2d 856, 869 (Del.1999); State v. Quino, 74 Haw. 161 , 840 P.2d 358, 362 (1992); Commonwealth v. Stoute, 422 Mass. 782 , 665 N.E.2d 93, 95-98 (1996); In re Welfare of E.D.J., 502 N.W.2d 779, 783 (Minn.1993); State v. Clayton, 309 Mont. 215 , 45 P.3d 30, 34 (2002); State v. Quezada, 141 N.H. 258 , 681 A.2d 79, 80-81 (1996); State v. Tucker, 136 N.J. 158 , 642 A.2d 401, 405-06 (1994); Commonwealth v. Matos, 543 Pa. 449 , 672 A.2d 769, 776 (1996); State v	1	2013–2013
State v. Young green wash · 1998 1 sentence 2013See, e.g., People v. Hill, 929 P.2d 735, 738-39 (Colo.1996); State v. Greenfield, 228 Conn. 62 , 634 A.2d 879, 883 (1993); Jones v. State, 745 A.2d 856, 869 (Del.1999); State v. Quino, 74 Haw. 161 , 840 P.2d 358, 362 (1992); Commonwealth v. Stoute, 422 Mass. 782 , 665 N.E.2d 93, 95-98 (1996); In re Welfare of E.D.J., 502 N.W.2d 779, 783 (Minn.1993); State v. Clayton, 309 Mont. 215 , 45 P.3d 30, 34 (2002); State v. Quezada, 141 N.H. 258 , 681 A.2d 79, 80-81 (1996); State v. Tucker, 136 N.J. 158 , 642 A.2d 401, 405-06 (1994); Commonwealth v. Matos, 543 Pa. 449 , 672 A.2d 769, 776 (1996); State v	1	2013–2013
State v. Jones green wva · 1995 2 sentences 2013See, e.g., People v. Hill, 929 P.2d 735, 738-39 (Colo.1996); State v. Greenfield, 228 Conn. 62 , 634 A.2d 879, 883 (1993); Jones v. State, 745 A.2d 856, 869 (Del.1999); State v. Quino, 74 Haw. 161 , 840 P.2d 358, 362 (1992); Commonwealth v. Stoute, 422 Mass. 782 , 665 N.E.2d 93, 95-98 (1996); In re Welfare of E.D.J., 502 N.W.2d 779, 783 (Minn.1993); State v. Clayton, 309 Mont. 215 , 45 P.3d 30, 34 (2002); State v. Quezada, 141 N.H. 258 , 681 A.2d 79, 80-81 (1996); State v. Tucker, 136 N.J. 158 , 642 A.2d 401, 405-06 (1994); Commonwealth v. Matos, 543 Pa. 449 , 672 A.2d 769, 776 (1996); State v 2013See, e.g., People v. Hill, 929 P.2d 735, 738-39 (Colo.1996); State v. Greenfield, 228 Conn. 62 , 634 A.2d 879, 883 (1993); Jones v. State, 745 A.2d 856, 869 (Del.1999); State v. Quino, 74 Haw. 161 , 840 P.2d 358, 362 (1992); Commonwealth v. Stoute, 422 Mass. 782 , 665 N.E.2d 93, 95-98 (1996); In re Welfare of E.D.J., 502 N.W.2d 779, 783 (Minn.1993); State v. Clayton, 309 Mont. 215 , 45 P.3d 30, 34 (2002); State v. Quezada, 141 N.H. 258 , 681 A.2d 79, 80-81 (1996); State v. Tucker, 136 N.J. 158 , 642 A.2d 401, 405-06 (1994); Commonwealth v. Matos, 543 Pa. 449 , 672 A.2d 769, 776 (1996); State v	1	2013–2013
Whren v. United States green scotus · 1996 2 sentences 2008Id. (citing Whren, 517 U.S. at 810 , 116 S.Ct. at 1772 , 135 L.Ed.2d at 95 ). 2008Id. (citing Whren, 517 U.S. at 810 , 116 S.Ct. at 1772 , 135 L.Ed.2d at 95 ).	1	2008–2008
State v. Scott green iowa · 1987 1 sentence 2002Scott, 409 N.W.2d at 467 .	1	2002–2002

Statutes the citing opinions construe

IA § Iowa Code § 124.401 (3) IA § Iowa Code § 321J.10 (3) IA § Iowa Code § 321J.6 (3) IA § Iowa Code § 321J.8 (3) IA § Iowa Code § 321J.9 (3) IA § Iowa Code § 462A.13 (3) IA § Iowa Code § 462A.14C (3) IA § Iowa Code § 462A.14D (3) IA § Iowa Code § 462A.2 (3) IA § Iowa Code § 804.20 (3) IA § Iowa Code § 808.3 (3) IA § Iowa Code § 903.1 (3)

Counted by distinct opinions that both name this issue and are annotated to the section; sections every opinion cites regardless of issue are not filtered here, so read the counts against the total above.

Where else courts name it

OH 27 (2013–2025) IL 10 (1992–2026) IA 10 (1987–2019) CA 7 (1967–2025) MN 6 (2007–2016) ND 3 (2013–2015) PA 3 (1978–2009) MD 3 (1978–1998) MO 3 (2002–2013) VT 2 (2001–2018) AK 2 (1979–2020) ID 2 (1989–1993) WA 2 (2007–2007)

Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.

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