automatic companion rule (Pennsylvania) · Go Syfert
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automatic companion rule in Pennsylvania

9 Pennsylvania opinions name it 2 courts 1995–2017 0 in the last five years

The cases below were cited by Pennsylvania courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.

Followed or applied (9)

CaseFollowedCited
Commonwealth v. Kearneygreen
pasuperct · 1992 · cited in 3 Pennsylvania opinions naming this issue, 1999–2011
2 sentences

2011Cases finding the Terry frisk of an arrestee’s companion permissible include: Commonwealth v. Kearney, 411 Pa.Super. 274 , 601 A.2d 346, 348 (Pa.Super.1992); Commonwealth v. Chamberlain, 332 Pa.Super. 108 , 480 A.2d 1209, 1212 (Pa.Super.1984); and Commonwealth v. Hook, 313 Pa.Super. 1 , 459 A.2d 379, 382 (Pa.Super.1983).

2011Cases finding the Terry frisk of an arrestee’s companion permissible include: Commonwealth v. Kearney, 411 Pa.Super. 274 , 601 A.2d 346, 348 (Pa.Super.1992); Commonwealth v. Chamberlain, 332 Pa.Super. 108 , 480 A.2d 1209, 1212 (Pa.Super.1984); and Commonwealth v. Hook, 313 Pa.Super. 1 , 459 A.2d 379, 382 (Pa.Super.1983).

33
Commonwealth v. Chamberlaingreen
pa · 1984 · cited in 3 Pennsylvania opinions naming this issue, 1999–2011
2 sentences

2011Cases finding the Terry frisk of an arrestee’s companion permissible include: Commonwealth v. Kearney, 411 Pa.Super. 274 , 601 A.2d 346, 348 (Pa.Super.1992); Commonwealth v. Chamberlain, 332 Pa.Super. 108 , 480 A.2d 1209, 1212 (Pa.Super.1984); and Commonwealth v. Hook, 313 Pa.Super. 1 , 459 A.2d 379, 382 (Pa.Super.1983).

2011Cases finding the Terry frisk of an arrestee’s companion permissible include: Commonwealth v. Kearney, 411 Pa.Super. 274 , 601 A.2d 346, 348 (Pa.Super.1992); Commonwealth v. Chamberlain, 332 Pa.Super. 108 , 480 A.2d 1209, 1212 (Pa.Super.1984); and Commonwealth v. Hook, 313 Pa.Super. 1 , 459 A.2d 379, 382 (Pa.Super.1983).

33
Commonwealth v. Hookgreen
pasuperct · 1983 · cited in 3 Pennsylvania opinions naming this issue, 1999–2011
2 sentences

2011Cases finding the Terry frisk of an arrestee’s companion permissible include: Commonwealth v. Kearney, 411 Pa.Super. 274 , 601 A.2d 346, 348 (Pa.Super.1992); Commonwealth v. Chamberlain, 332 Pa.Super. 108 , 480 A.2d 1209, 1212 (Pa.Super.1984); and Commonwealth v. Hook, 313 Pa.Super. 1 , 459 A.2d 379, 382 (Pa.Super.1983).

2011Cases finding the Terry frisk of an arrestee’s companion permissible include: Commonwealth v. Kearney, 411 Pa.Super. 274 , 601 A.2d 346, 348 (Pa.Super.1992); Commonwealth v. Chamberlain, 332 Pa.Super. 108 , 480 A.2d 1209, 1212 (Pa.Super.1984); and Commonwealth v. Hook, 313 Pa.Super. 1 , 459 A.2d 379, 382 (Pa.Super.1983).

33
Commonwealth v. Jacksongreen
pasuperct · 2006 · cited in 2 Pennsylvania opinions naming this issue, 2007–2017
2 sentences

2017See Jackson, 907 A.2d at 544-45 .

2007Id.; see also Commonwealth v. Jackson, 907 A.2d 540, 543 (Pa.Super.2006) (holding pat down of group of men was justified where one of men was suspect in crime; area was known for its high crime and community had a history of inhabitants who reacted violently to officers). ¶ 7 This is not an issue of the officers conducting a search substantiated by the automatic-companion rule.

22
United States v. Raymond J. Berryhillgreen
ca9 · 1971 · cited in 3 Pennsylvania opinions naming this issue, 2011–2017
2 sentences

2017Id. at 544 (citing Commonwealth v. Graham, 685 A.2d 132, 136 (Pa. Super. 1996) (overturned on other grounds)).4 In Jackson, the defendant was seen in a high crime area engaging in a narcotics transaction prior to leaving officers’ sight.

2011In that case, we discussed a legal concept termed “the automatic companion rule”: The “automatic companion” rule provides that “all companions of [an] arres-tee within the immediate vicinity, capable of accomplishing a harmful assault on the officer, are constitutionally subjected to the cursory ‘pat-down’ reasonably necessary to give assurance that they are unarmed.” United States v. Berryhill, 445 F.2d 1189, 1198 (9th Cir. 1971).

13
Commonwealth v. Grahamgreen
pasuperct · 1996 · cited in 3 Pennsylvania opinions naming this issue, 1999–2017
2 sentences

2015This Court has ruled that a Terry frisk of an arrestee’s companion is permissible and, recently, addressed the constitutionality of the automatic companion rule. … … [I]n Commonwealth v. Graham, 454 Pa. Super. 169 , 685 A.2d 132 (Pa. Super. 1996), rev'd on other grounds, 554 Pa. 472 , 721 A.2d 1075 (1998)[, this Court] rejected a per se rule that a companion of an arrestee is subject to a “pat-down” regardless of the justification for such search as contrary to the Fourth Amendment of the United States Constitution and Article I, Section 8 of the Pennsylvania Constitution.

2015This Court has ruled that a Terry frisk of an arrestee’s companion is permissible and, recently, addressed the constitutionality of the automatic companion rule. … … [I]n Commonwealth v. Graham, 454 Pa. Super. 169 , 685 A.2d 132 (Pa. Super. 1996), rev'd on other grounds, 554 Pa. 472 , 721 A.2d 1075 (1998)[, this Court] rejected a per se rule that a companion of an arrestee is subject to a “pat-down” regardless of the justification for such search as contrary to the Fourth Amendment of the United States Constitution and Article I, Section 8 of the Pennsylvania Constitution.

13
Commonwealth v. Pinneygreen
pa · 1977 · cited in 1 Pennsylvania opinions naming this issue, 2017–2017
1 sentence

2017We reiterate the importance of individualized suspicion and note that in the case of a self-protective search for weapons, “a police officer must be able to point to particular facts from which he could reasonably infer -8- J-S80035-16 that the individual was armed and dangerous.” Commonwealth v. Pinney, 378 A.2d 293, 296 (Pa. 1977).

11
Commonwealth v. Kuegreen
pa · 1997 · cited in 1 Pennsylvania opinions naming this issue, 1999–1999
2 sentences

1999See, e.g., Commonwealth v. Kue, 547 Pa. 668 , 671 n. 1, 692 A.2d 1076 , 1077 n. 1 (1997); Commonwealth v. Shiflet, 543 Pa. 164 , 172 n. 4, 670 A.2d 128 , 131 n. 4 (1995). ¶ 12 This Court has ruled that a Te'iry frisk of an arrestee’s companion is permissible and, recently, addressed the constitutionality of the automatic companion rule.

1999See, e.g., Commonwealth v. Kue, 547 Pa. 668 , 671 n. 1, 692 A.2d 1076 , 1077 n. 1 (1997); Commonwealth v. Shiflet, 543 Pa. 164 , 172 n. 4, 670 A.2d 128 , 131 n. 4 (1995). ¶ 12 This Court has ruled that a Te'iry frisk of an arrestee’s companion is permissible and, recently, addressed the constitutionality of the automatic companion rule.

11
Michigan v. Summersgreen
scotus · 1981 · cited in 1 Pennsylvania opinions naming this issue, 1996–1996
2 sentences

1996The risk of harm to both the police and the occupants is minimized if the officers routinely exercised unquestioned command of the situation." Michigan v. Summers, 452 U.S. 692, 702-03 , 101 S.Ct. 2587, 2594 , 69 L.Ed.2d 340, 349-50 (1981) (emphasis added) (footnote omitted). [5] The dissent contends that the instant analysis of the automatic companion rule is unwarranted.

1996The risk of harm to both the police and the occupants is minimized if the officers routinely exercised unquestioned command of the situation." Michigan v. Summers, 452 U.S. 692, 702-03 , 101 S.Ct. 2587, 2594 , 69 L.Ed.2d 340, 349-50 (1981) (emphasis added) (footnote omitted). [5] The dissent contends that the instant analysis of the automatic companion rule is unwarranted.

11

Distinguished, questioned or overruled (0)

CaseNegativeCited
No negative-treatment citations attached to this issue in Pennsylvania. Read the followed side critically anyway.

Also cited on this issue (3)

CaseCitedYears
Commonwealth v. Graham green
pa · 1998
2 sentences

2015This Court has ruled that a Terry frisk of an arrestee’s companion is permissible and, recently, addressed the constitutionality of the automatic companion rule. … … [I]n Commonwealth v. Graham, 454 Pa. Super. 169 , 685 A.2d 132 (Pa. Super. 1996), rev'd on other grounds, 554 Pa. 472 , 721 A.2d 1075 (1998)[, this Court] rejected a per se rule that a companion of an arrestee is subject to a “pat-down” regardless of the justification for such search as contrary to the Fourth Amendment of the United States Constitution and Article I, Section 8 of the Pennsylvania Constitution.

2015This Court has ruled that a Terry frisk of an arrestee’s companion is permissible and, recently, addressed the constitutionality of the automatic companion rule. … … [I]n Commonwealth v. Graham, 454 Pa. Super. 169 , 685 A.2d 132 (Pa. Super. 1996), rev'd on other grounds, 554 Pa. 472 , 721 A.2d 1075 (1998)[, this Court] rejected a per se rule that a companion of an arrestee is subject to a “pat-down” regardless of the justification for such search as contrary to the Fourth Amendment of the United States Constitution and Article I, Section 8 of the Pennsylvania Constitution.

21999–2015
Commonwealth v. Shiflet green
pa · 1995
2 sentences

1999See, e.g., Commonwealth v. Kue, 547 Pa. 668 , 671 n. 1, 692 A.2d 1076 , 1077 n. 1 (1997); Commonwealth v. Shiflet, 543 Pa. 164 , 172 n. 4, 670 A.2d 128 , 131 n. 4 (1995). ¶ 12 This Court has ruled that a Te'iry frisk of an arrestee’s companion is permissible and, recently, addressed the constitutionality of the automatic companion rule.

1999See, e.g., Commonwealth v. Kue, 547 Pa. 668 , 671 n. 1, 692 A.2d 1076 , 1077 n. 1 (1997); Commonwealth v. Shiflet, 543 Pa. 164 , 172 n. 4, 670 A.2d 128 , 131 n. 4 (1995). ¶ 12 This Court has ruled that a Te'iry frisk of an arrestee’s companion is permissible and, recently, addressed the constitutionality of the automatic companion rule.

11999–1999
Terry v. Ohio green
scotus · 1968
2 sentences

1995The automatic companion rule treats companionship as the dispositive factor in determining the legitimacy of a limited search under Terry v. Ohio, 392 U.S. 1 , 88 S.Ct. 1868 , 20 L.Ed.2d 889 (1978).

1995The automatic companion rule treats companionship as the dispositive factor in determining the legitimacy of a limited search under Terry v. Ohio, 392 U.S. 1 , 88 S.Ct. 1868 , 20 L.Ed.2d 889 (1978).

11995–1995

Where else courts name it

PA 9 (1995–2017) KY 3 (2008–2012) MN 2 (2014–2025) WY 2 (2003–2008) WA 2 (2016–2016) DE 2 (2005–2008)

Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.

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