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7 West Virginia opinions name it 2 courts 1991–2025 3 in the last five years
The cases below were cited by West Virginia courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.
| Case | Followed | Cited |
|---|---|---|
Schweiker v. Wilsongreen2 sentences2025Va. 508 , 618 S.E.2d 517 (2005), the court referenced a more deferential standard by citing the United States Supreme Court’s Schweiker v. Wilson, 450 U.S. 221 (1981) opinion when it stated: “This inquiry employs a relatively relaxed standard reflecting the Court’s awareness that the drawing of lines that create distinctions is peculiarly a legislative task and an unavoidable one. 2005The United States Supreme Court expressed this view in Schweiker v. Wilson, 450 U.S. 221, 234 , 101 S.Ct. 1074 , 67 L.Ed.2d 186 , (1981) (quoting Massachusetts Bd. of Retirement v. Murgia, 427 U.S. 307, 314 , 96 S.Ct. 2562 , 49 L.Ed.2d 520 (1976)): “ ‘This inquiry employs a relatively relaxed standard reflecting the Court’s awareness that the drawing of lines that create distinctions is peculiarly a legislative task and an unavoidable one. | 3 | 5 |
Massachusetts Board of Retirement v. Murgiagreen2 sentences2005The United States Supreme Court expressed this view in Schweiker v. Wilson, 450 U.S. 221, 234 , 101 S.Ct. 1074 , 67 L.Ed.2d 186 , (1981) (quoting Massachusetts Bd. of Retirement v. Murgia, 427 U.S. 307, 314 , 96 S.Ct. 2562 , 49 L.Ed.2d 520 (1976)): “ ‘This inquiry employs a relatively relaxed standard reflecting the Court’s awareness that the drawing of lines that create distinctions is peculiarly a legislative task and an unavoidable one. 2005The United States Supreme Court expressed this view in Schweiker v. Wilson, 450 U.S. 221, 234 , 101 S.Ct. 1074 , 67 L.Ed.2d 186 , (1981) (quoting Massachusetts Bd. of Retirement v. Murgia, 427 U.S. 307, 314 , 96 S.Ct. 2562 , 49 L.Ed.2d 520 (1976)): “ ‘This inquiry employs a relatively relaxed standard reflecting the Court’s awareness that the drawing of lines that create distinctions is peculiarly a legislative task and an unavoidable one. | 3 | 4 |
| Case | Negative | Cited |
|---|---|---|
| No negative-treatment citations attached to this issue in West Virginia. Read the followed side critically anyway. | ||
| Case | Cited | Years |
|---|---|---|
Marcus v. Holley
green
2 sentences2025Va. 508 , 618 S.E.2d 517 (2005), the court referenced a more deferential standard by citing the United States Supreme Court’s Schweiker v. Wilson, 450 U.S. 221 (1981) opinion when it stated: “This inquiry employs a relatively relaxed standard reflecting the Court’s awareness that the drawing of lines that create distinctions is peculiarly a legislative task and an unavoidable one. 2025Any inquiry into the classifications established in a legislative enactment should be “a relatively relaxed standard reflecting the Court's awareness that the drawing of lines that create distinctions is peculiarly a legislative task and an unavoidable one. 12 Perfection in making the necessary classification is neither possible nor necessary.” Marcus, 217 W. | 2 | 2025–2025 |
City of Charlotte v. Local 660, International Ass'n of Firefighters
green
2 sentences2021In assessing the firefighters’ union’s claim, the Supreme Court stated that: Since it is not here asserted and this Court would reject such a contention if it were made that [the firefighters’] status as union members or their interest in obtaining a dues checkoff is such as to entitle them to special treatment under the Equal Protection Clause, the city’s practice must meet only a relatively relaxed standard of reasonableness in order to survive constitutional scrutiny.[41] Citing City of Charlotte, numerous courts have held that prohibitions on union dues payroll deductions are subject only 2021In assessing the firefighters’ union’s claim, the Supreme Court stated that: Since it is not here asserted and this Court would reject such a contention if it were made that [the firefighters’] status as union members or their interest in obtaining a dues checkoff is such as to entitle them to special treatment under the Equal Protection Clause, the city’s practice must meet only a relatively relaxed standard of reasonableness in order to survive constitutional scrutiny.[41] Citing City of Charlotte, numerous courts have held that prohibitions on union dues payroll deductions are subject only | 1 | 2021–2021 |
Gibson v. West Virginia Department of Highways
green
1 sentence1992In Gibson v. West Virginia Department of Highways, 185 W.Va. at 220, 406 S.E.2d at 446 , we recognized that under the rational basis test, the classification process is peculiarly a legislative function: “The Supreme Court expressed this point in Schweiker v. Wilson, 450 U.S. 221, 234 , 101 S.Ct. 1074, 1083 , 67 L.Ed.2d 186, 198 (1981), quoting Massachusetts Board of Retirement v. Murgia, 427 U.S. 307, 314 , 96 S.Ct. 2562, 2567 , 49 L.Ed.2d 520, 525 (1976): *603 ‘ “This inquiry employs a relatively relaxed standard reflecting the Court’s awareness that the drawing of lines that create distinct | 1 | 1992–1992 |
Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.