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5 Iowa opinions name it 2 courts 1974–2021 1 in the last five years
The cases below were cited by Iowa courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.
| Case | Followed | Cited |
|---|---|---|
Ella Metcalf, Etc. v. Harold O. Swank, Etc.green2 sentences1988However, the emerging rule would appear to be that since the administrative remedy cannot resolve a constitutional challenge, exhaustion will not be required unless the administrative action might make judicial determination of the constitutional question unnecessary. 444 F.2d 1353, 1355-56 (7th Cir.1971) (citations omitted). 1974See Public Utilities Commission v. United States, 355 U.S. 534, 539-540 , 78 S.Ct. 446 , 2 L.Ed.2d 470 (1958).” Metcalf v. Swank, 444 F.2d 1353, 1355-1356 . | 2 | 2 |
Iowa Fuel & Minerals, Inc. v. Iowa State Board of Regentsgreen1 sentence2021See Iowa Fuel & Minerals, Inc. v. Iowa State Bd. of Regents, 471 N.W.2d 859 , 862–63 (Iowa 1991) 12 (“When a contract is not ambiguous, it will be enforced as written, but when there are ambiguities in a contract, they are strictly construed against the drafter.” (internal citation omitted)); see also Beres, 943 N.W.2d at 588 (Appel, J., concurring specially) (recognizing “an emerging rule of interpretation dictates that plea bargains should be construed against the government, with ambiguities in the plea agreement to be construed against the state”). | 1 | 1 |
United States v. James M. Gebbie, Midwest Presort Mailing Services, Inc., and James D. Richtergreen1 sentence2020See, e.g., United States v. Gebbie, 294 F.3d 540 , 551–52 (3d Cir. 2002) (“When we interpret ambiguous plea agreements and extrinsic evidence does not resolve the ambiguity, then we construe the ambiguity against the drafter. | 1 | 1 |
Public Util. Comm'n of Cal. v. United Statesgreen2 sentences1974See Public Utilities Commission v. United States, 355 U.S. 534, 539-540 , 78 S.Ct. 446 , 2 L.Ed.2d 470 (1958).” Metcalf v. Swank, 444 F.2d 1353, 1355-1356 . 1974See Public Utilities Commission v. United States, 355 U.S. 534, 539-540 , 78 S.Ct. 446 , 2 L.Ed.2d 470 (1958).” Metcalf v. Swank, 444 F.2d 1353, 1355-1356 . | 1 | 1 |
| Case | Negative | Cited |
|---|---|---|
| No negative-treatment citations attached to this issue in Iowa. Read the followed side critically anyway. | ||
| Case | Cited | Years |
|---|---|---|
Matters v. City of Ames
green
1 sentence1988Although approving the rule, we held that the plaintiff was still faced with the exhaustion requirement because he had challenged the ordinance “as applied,” not “on its face.” Matters, 219 N.W.2d at 720 . | 1 | 1988–1988 |
Salas v. Cortez
green
2 sentences1982Salas, 24 Cal.3d at 27 , 154 Cal.Rptr. at 533 , 593 P.2d at 230 . 1982Salas, 24 Cal.3d at 27 , 154 Cal.Rptr. at 533 , 593 P.2d at 230 . | 1 | 1982–1982 |
Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.