Colo. Rev. Stat. » Title 18
Colorado Revised Statutes

Colo. Rev. Stat. § 18-18-204 (2026)

Schedule II

✓ current as of July 2026
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(1) A substance shall be added to schedule II by the general assembly when:

(a) The substance has high potential for abuse;

(b) The substance has currently accepted medical use in treatment in the United States, or currently accepted medical use with severe restrictions; and

(c) The abuse of the substance may lead to severe psychological or physical dependence.

(2) Unless specifically excepted by Colorado or federal law or Colorado or federal regulation or more specifically included in another schedule, the following controlled substances are listed in schedule II:

(a) Any of the following substances, however manufactured:

(I) Opium and opium derivative, and any salt, compound, derivative, or preparation of opium or opium derivative, excluding apomorphine, dextrorphan, nalbuphine, butorphanol, nalmefene, naloxone, and naltrexone, but including:

(A) Raw opium;

(B) Opium extracts;

(C) Opium fluid;

(D) Powdered opium;

(E) Granulated opium;

(F) Tincture of opium;

(G) Codeine;

(H) Ethylmorphine;

(I) Etorphine hydrochloride;

(J) Hydrocodone;

(K) Hydromorphone;

(L) Metopon;

(M) Morphine;

(N) Oxycodone;

(O) Oxymorphone;

(P) Thebaine.

(II) Any salt, compound, derivative, or preparation that is chemically equivalent or identical with any of the substances listed in subparagraph (I) of this paragraph (a), but not isoquinoline alkaloids of opium;

(III) Opium poppy and poppy straw;

(IV) Coca leaves and any salt, compound, derivative, or preparation of coca leaves, including cocaine and ecgonine and their salts, isomers, derivatives, and salts of isomers and derivatives, and any salt, compound, derivative, or preparation that is chemically equivalent or identical with any of these substances, but not including decocainized coca leaves or extractions of coca leaves which do not contain cocaine or ecgonine;

(V) Concentrate of poppy straw (the crude extract of poppy straw in either liquid, solid, or powder form which contains the phenanthrene alkaloids of the opium poppy).

(b) Any of the following synthetic opiates, including any isomers, esters, ethers, salts, and salts of isomers, esters, and ethers of them that are theoretically possible within the specific chemical designation:

(I) Alfentanil;

(II) Alphaprodine;

(III) Anileridine;

(IV) Benzitramide;

(V) Carfentanil;

(VI) Dihydrocodeine;

(VII) Diphenoxylate;

(VIII) Fentanyl;

(IX) Isomethadone; (IX.5) Levo-alphacetylmethadol;

(X) Levomethorphan;

(XI) Levorphanol;

(XII) Metazocine;

(XIII) Methadone;

(XIV) Methadone - Intermediate, 4-cyano-2- dimethylamino-4, 4-diphenyl butane;

(XV) Moramide - Intermediate, 2-methyl-3-morpholino-1, 1-diphenylpropane- carboxylic acid;

(XVI) Pethidine (meperidine);

(XVII) Pethidine - Intermediate-A, 4-cyano-1- methyl-4-phenylpiperidine;

(XVIII) Pethidine - Intermediate-B, ethyl-4- phenylpiperidine-4-carboxylate;

(XIX) Pethidine - Intermediate-C, 1-methyl- 4-phenylpiperidine-4-carboxylic acid;

(XX) Phenazocine;

(XXI) Piminodine;

(XXII) Propoxyphene (non-dosage forms);

(XXIII) Racemethorphan;

(XXIV) Racemorphan;

(XXV) Sufentanil.

(c) Any material, compound, mixture, or preparation containing any quantity of the following substances, their salts, isomers, or salts of isomers, having a stimulant effect on the central nervous system:

(I) Amphetamine;

(II) Methamphetamine;

(III) Phenmetrazine;

(IV) Methylphenidate.

(d) Any material, compound, mixture, or preparation containing any quantity of the following substances having a depressant effect on the central nervous system, including any salts, isomers, and salts of isomers of them that are theoretically possible within the specific chemical designation:

(I) Amobarbital;

(II) Pentobarbital;

(III) Phencyclidine;

(IV) Secobarbital;

(V) Glutethimide.

(e) (I) Repealed.

(II) Nabilone [Another name for nabilone: (+) trans-3-(1,1-demethylheptyl)-6,6a,7,8,10, 10a-hexahydro- 1-hydroxy-6,6-dimethyl-9Hdibenzo [b,d] pyran-9-one].

(f) Any material, compound, mixture, or preparation containing any quantity of the following substances:

(I) Immediate precursor to amphetamine and methamphetamine: phenylacetone (Some trade or other names: phenyl-2-propanone; P2P; benzyl methyl ketone; methyl benzyl ketone.), ephedrine, alpha-phenylacetoacetonitrile, phenylacetic acid, and 1-phenyl-2-nitropropene;

(II) Immediate precursors to phencyclidine:

(A) 1-phenylcyclohexylamine;

(B) 1-piperidinocyclohexanecarbonitrile (PCC);

(C) Piperdine;

(D) Morpholine;

(E) Pyrrolidine;

(III) Remifentanil hydrochloride.

(g) Unless specifically excepted or unless listed in another schedule, any material, compound, mixture, or preparation which is a controlled substance analog, as defined in section 18-18-102 (6), the chemical structure of which is substantially similar to the chemical structure of a controlled substance in schedule II of this part 2 or that was specifically designed to produce an effect substantially similar to or greater than the effect of a controlled substance in schedule II of this part 2, all or part of which is intended for human consumption, shall be treated for the purposes of this article as a controlled substance in schedule II of this part 2.

Source: L. 92: Entire article R&RE, p. 337, § 1, effective July 1. L. 94: (2)(b)(IX.5) added, p. 1722, § 22, effective July 1. L. 96: (2)(f)(I) amended, p. 1843, § 9, effective July 1. L. 99: (2)(f)(III) added, p. 797, § 12, effective July 1. L. 2000: (2)(e)(I) repealed, p. 697, § 13, effective July 1. L. 2022: (2)(b)(V) amended, (HB 22-1326), ch. 225, p. 1662, § 40, effective July 1.

Editor's note: This section is similar to former § 12-22-310 as it existed prior to 1992.

Cross references: For the legislative declaration in HB 22-1326 stating the purpose of, and the provision directing legislative staff agencies to conduct, a post-enactment review pursuant to § 2-2-1201 scheduled in 2024, 2025, and 2027, see sections 1 and 55 of chapter 225, Session Laws of Colorado 2022. To obtain a copy of the review, once completed, go to "Legislative Resources and Requirements" on the Colorado General Assembly's website.

Notes of Decisions
Cited in 30 cases (1 in the last 5 years), 1994–2026 · leading case: People v. Frantz, 114 P.3d 34 (Colo. Ct. App. 2005).
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People v. Frantz, 114 P.3d 34 (Colo. Ct. App. 2005). · cites it 10× “See § 18-18-204(2). But see People v. Reed, 56 P.”
People v. Cline, 2019 CO 33 (Colo. 2019). · cites it 4× “See § 18-18-204, C.R.S. (2018) (listing methamphetamine as a schedule II substance); § 18-18-403.”
People v. Hodges, 134 P.3d 419 (Colo. Ct. App. 2006). · cites it 3× “Section 18-18-204(2)(e)(II), C.R.S.2004, states that methamphetamine is a controlled substance “listed in schedule II.”
Patton v. People, 35 P.3d 124 (Colo. 2001). · cites it 2× “the same time period: That on or between the Ist day of October, 1996 and the 4th day of February, 1997, in the County of Moffat, State of Colorado: CoUNT XVII Brand Mitchell Patton did unlawfully and knowingly, MANUFACTURE a Schedule II controlled substance, to-wit:…”
People v. Redinger, 906 P.2d 81 (Colo. 1995). · cites it 4× “Redinger was later charged with one count of possession of a Schedule II controlled substance, a class 4 felony, in violation of sections 18-18-204 and 18-18-405(2)(a)(I), 8B C.”
People ex rel. S.X.M., 271 P.3d 1124 (Colo. Ct. App. 2011). · cites it 3× “, or a schedule II controlled substance, as defined in section 18-18-204, C.R.S., unless the child tests positive for a scheduled II controlled substance as a result of the mother's lawful intake of such substance as prescribed.”
People v. Moran, 983 P.2d 143 (Colo. Ct. App. 1999). · cites it 5× “See § 18-18-204(1), C.R.S.1998 (specifying when a substance shall be added to those listed in the various categories).”
People v. Santana, 240 P.3d 302 (Colo. Ct. App. 2009). · cites it 4× “§ 18-18-204(2)(a)(IV), C.R.S.2008. As noted above, defendant vigorously challenged the prosecution's assertion that the substance he gave to the undercover officer was, in fact, crack cocaine.”
People v. McMillon, 892 P.2d 879 (Colo. 1995). · cites it 2× “McMillon was charged with one count of unlawful possession of a schedule II controlled substance in violation of section 18-18-204, 8B C.R.S. (1994 Supp.).”
People v. T.H., 892 P.2d 301 (Colo. 1995). · cites it 2× “was thereafter charged with possession of a schedule II controlled substance in violation of section 18-18-204, 8B C.R.S. (1994 Supp.), and possession of a schedule II controlled substance with intent to dispense in violation of section 18 — 18—405, 8B C.”
People v. Whitaker, 32 P.3d 511 (Colo. Ct. App. 2001). · cites it 3× “Section 18-18-204(2)(c)(IT), C.R.S.2000. Accordingly, de *517 fendant argues that the language in § 18-18-405(2)(a)(I) directs that his offense, based upon possession of a schedule II controlled substance, is a class 4 felony.”
People v. Goodale, 78 P.3d 1103 (Colo. 2003). “(2003); § 18-18-204(2)(a)(IV), 6 C.R.S. (2003). If the substance is listed on schedule III, IV, or V, it is a class one misdemeanor.”
Show all 30 citing cases →
— Colo. Rev. Stat. § 18-18-204(1) — 1 case
People v. Moran, 983 P.2d 143 (Colo. Ct. App. 1999). “See § 18-18-204(1), C.R.S.1998 (specifying when a substance shall be added to those listed in the various categories).”
— Colo. Rev. Stat. § 18-18-204(2) — 2 cases
People v. Frantz, 114 P.3d 34 (Colo. Ct. App. 2005). “See § 18-18-204(2). But see People v. Reed, 56 P.”
People v. Moran, 983 P.2d 143 (Colo. Ct. App. 1999). “See § 18-18-204(1), C.R.S.1998 (specifying when a substance shall be added to those listed in the various categories).”
— Colo. Rev. Stat. § 18-18-204(2)(a)(D)(N) — 1 case
People v. Guthrie, 286 P.3d 530 (Colo. 2012).
— Colo. Rev. Stat. § 18-18-204(2)(a)(IV) — 4 cases
People v. Santana, 240 P.3d 302 (Colo. Ct. App. 2009). “§ 18-18-204(2)(a)(IV), C.R.S.2008. As noted above, defendant vigorously challenged the prosecution's assertion that the substance he gave to the undercover officer was, in fact, crack cocaine.”
People v. Goodale, 78 P.3d 1103 (Colo. 2003). “(2003); § 18-18-204(2)(a)(IV), 6 C.R.S. (2003). If the substance is listed on schedule III, IV, or V, it is a class one misdemeanor.”
People v. Tyler, 874 P.2d 1037 (Colo. 1994).
People v. MacK, 895 P.2d 530 (Colo. 1995).
— Colo. Rev. Stat. § 18-18-204(2)(c)(II) — 4 cases
People v. Frantz, 114 P.3d 34 (Colo. Ct. App. 2005). “See § 18-18-204(2). But see People v. Reed, 56 P.”
People v. Williams, 183 P.3d 577 (Colo. Ct. App. 2007).
People v. Brazzel, 18 P.3d 1285 (Colo. 2001).
Peo v. Marceleno (Colo. Ct. App. 2026).
— Colo. Rev. Stat. § 18-18-204(2)(c)(IT) — 1 case
People v. Whitaker, 32 P.3d 511 (Colo. Ct. App. 2001). “Section 18-18-204(2)(c)(IT), C.R.S.2000. Accordingly, de *517 fendant argues that the language in § 18-18-405(2)(a)(I) directs that his offense, based upon possession of a schedule II controlled substance, is a class 4 felony.”
— Colo. Rev. Stat. § 18-18-204(2)(e)(II) — 1 case
People v. Hodges, 134 P.3d 419 (Colo. Ct. App. 2006). “Section 18-18-204(2)(e)(II), C.R.S.2004, states that methamphetamine is a controlled substance “listed in schedule II.”
— Colo. Rev. Stat. § 18-18-204(2)(f)(l) — 1 case
People v. Frantz, 114 P.3d 34 (Colo. Ct. App. 2005). “See § 18-18-204(2). But see People v. Reed, 56 P.”
— Colo. Rev. Stat. § 18-18-204(2)(g) — 1 case
People v. Frantz, 114 P.3d 34 (Colo. Ct. App. 2005). “See § 18-18-204(2). But see People v. Reed, 56 P.”
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