Colorado Revised Statutes

Colo. Rev. Stat. § 31-15-101 (2026)

Municipalities bodies politic - powers

✓ current as of July 2026
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(1) Municipalities:

(a) Shall be bodies politic and corporate, under such name as they are organized;

(b) May sue or be sued;

(c) May enter into contracts;

(d) May acquire, hold, lease, and dispose of property, both real and personal;

(e) May have a common seal which they may alter at their pleasure; and

(f) May accept the transfer of federal land for public purposes, including but not limited to municipal expansion and residential purposes.

(2) All such municipalities shall have the powers, authority, and privileges granted by this title and by any other law of this state together with such implied and incidental powers, authority, and privileges as may be reasonably necessary, proper, convenient, or useful to the exercise thereof. All such powers, authority, and privileges are subject to the restrictions and limitations provided for in this title and in any other law of this state.

(3) Each municipality may coordinate, pursuant to 43 U.S.C. sec. 1712, the "National Environmental Policy Act of 1969", 42 U.S.C. sec. 4321 et seq., 40 U.S.C. sec. 3312, 16 U.S.C. sec. 530, 16 U.S.C. sec. 1604, and 40 CFR parts 1500 to 1508, with the United States secretary of the interior and the United States secretary of agriculture to develop management plans that address hazardous fuel removal and other forest management practices, water development and conservation measures, watershed protection, public utilities protection, private property protection, and the protection of air quality on federal lands within such municipality's jurisdiction.

Source: L. 75: Entire title R&RE, p. 1104, § 1, effective July 1. L. 76: (1)(f) added, p. 697, § 1, effective April 6. L. 2003: (3) added, p. 1037, § 11, effective April 17.

Editor's note: This section is similar to former §§ 31-12-201 and 31-12-202 as they existed prior to 1975.

Cross references: For the legislative declaration contained in the 2003 act enacting subsection (3), see section 1 of chapter 145, Session Laws of Colorado 2003.

Notes of Decisions
Cited in 9 cases (1 in the last 5 years), 1980–2023 · leading case: Stump v. Gates, 777 F. Supp. 808 (D. Colo. 1991).
Stump v. Gates, 777 F. Supp. 808 (D. Colo. 1991). · cites it 4× “” See Colo.Rev.Stat. § 31-15-101(1)(a), (b) and § 30-11-101(1)(a).”
Bruce v. City of Colorado Springs, 131 P.3d 1187 (Colo. Ct. App. 2005). · cites it 3× “We also reject plaintiff's argument that the money that Adelphia collects from its subscribers and then pays to the City under its voter-approved franchise agreement is inherently a tax.”
South Fork Water & Sanitation Dist. v. Town of South Fork, 252 P.3d 465 (Colo. 2011). · cites it 2× “§ 31-15-101(2), C.RS. (2010) (giving municipalities the "powers, authority, and privileges granted by [Title 31] and by any other law of this state together with such implied and incidental powers, authority, and privileges as may be reasonably necessary, proper, convenient, or…”
Bd. of Cnty. Commissioners of the Cnty. of Teller v. City of Woodland Park, 333 P.3d 55 (Colo. 2014). · cites it 2× “See § 31-15-101(2), C.R.S. (2013). Section 31-12-113 does not limit a municipality's authority to determine the effective date of an annexation ordinance.”
Glennon Heights, Inc. v. Cent. Bank & Trust, 658 P.2d 872 (Colo. 1983). “Sections 31-15-101(2) and 31-15-103, C.R.”
Bailey v. People, 617 P.2d 549 (Colo. 1980). · cites it 3× “, section 31-15-101, C.R.S. 1973 (1977 Repl.”
Estes Park Chamber of Com. v. Town of Estes Park, 199 P.3d 11 (Colo. Ct. App. 2007). · cites it 3× “Is Marketing an Implied or Incidental Power? The Town argues that, even if its marketing activities do not fall within the express grant of advertising power in § 31-15-901(1)(b), such activities are authorized as "implied or incidental" powers under § 31-15-101(2), C.R.98.2006.…”
Durango Transp., Inc. v. City of Durango, 824 P.2d 48 (Colo. Ct. App. 1991). · cites it 3× “In our view, this law demonstrates that cooperation between governmental entities through intergovernmental agreements should be encouraged and that the contracting entities should be deemed to possess the powers necessary to effectuate such agreements.”
Frederickson v. Larimer Cnty. (D. Colo. 2023). · cites it 2× “1993) (citing Colo. Rev. Stat. §§ 31-15-101 (1)(a) and 30-11-101(1)(a)); see, e.”
— Colo. Rev. Stat. § 31-15-101(1)(a) — 1 case
Stump v. Gates, 777 F. Supp. 808 (D. Colo. 1991). “” See Colo.Rev.Stat. § 31-15-101(1)(a), (b) and § 30-11-101(1)(a).”
— Colo. Rev. Stat. § 31-15-101(1)(c) — 1 case
Bruce v. City of Colorado Springs, 131 P.3d 1187 (Colo. Ct. App. 2005). “We also reject plaintiff's argument that the money that Adelphia collects from its subscribers and then pays to the City under its voter-approved franchise agreement is inherently a tax.”
— Colo. Rev. Stat. § 31-15-101(2) — 5 cases
South Fork Water & Sanitation Dist. v. Town of South Fork, 252 P.3d 465 (Colo. 2011). “§ 31-15-101(2), C.RS. (2010) (giving municipalities the "powers, authority, and privileges granted by [Title 31] and by any other law of this state together with such implied and incidental powers, authority, and privileges as may be reasonably necessary, proper, convenient, or…”
Bd. of Cnty. Commissioners of the Cnty. of Teller v. City of Woodland Park, 333 P.3d 55 (Colo. 2014). “See § 31-15-101(2), C.R.S. (2013). Section 31-12-113 does not limit a municipality's authority to determine the effective date of an annexation ordinance.”
Glennon Heights, Inc. v. Cent. Bank & Trust, 658 P.2d 872 (Colo. 1983). “Sections 31-15-101(2) and 31-15-103, C.R.”
Estes Park Chamber of Com. v. Town of Estes Park, 199 P.3d 11 (Colo. Ct. App. 2007). “Is Marketing an Implied or Incidental Power? The Town argues that, even if its marketing activities do not fall within the express grant of advertising power in § 31-15-901(1)(b), such activities are authorized as "implied or incidental" powers under § 31-15-101(2), C.R.98.2006.…”
Durango Transp., Inc. v. City of Durango, 824 P.2d 48 (Colo. Ct. App. 1991). “In our view, this law demonstrates that cooperation between governmental entities through intergovernmental agreements should be encouraged and that the contracting entities should be deemed to possess the powers necessary to effectuate such agreements.”
— Colo. Rev. Stat. § 31-15-101(l)(b) — 1 case
Stump v. Gates, 777 F. Supp. 808 (D. Colo. 1991). “” See Colo.Rev.Stat. § 31-15-101(1)(a), (b) and § 30-11-101(1)(a).”
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