Conn. Gen. Stat. » Title 22a — ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION · Chapter 446i — Water Resources. Invasive Plants
Connecticut General Statutes

Conn. Gen. Stat. § 22a-359 (2026)

(Formerly Sec. 25-7b). Regulation of dredging, erection of structures and placement of fill in tidal, coastal or navigable waters. Sunken or grounded vessels. Definitions

✓ current as of May 2026
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(a) The Commissioner of Energy and Environmental Protection shall regulate dredging and the erection of structures and the placement of fill, and work incidental thereto, in the tidal, coastal or navigable waters of the state waterward of the coastal jurisdiction line. Any decisions made by the commissioner pursuant to this section shall be made with due regard for indigenous aquatic life, fish and wildlife, the prevention or alleviation of shore erosion and coastal flooding, the use and development of adjoining uplands, the improvement of coastal and inland navigation for all vessels, including small craft for recreational purposes, the use and development of adjacent lands and properties and the interests of the state, including pollution control, water quality, recreational use of public water and management of coastal resources, with proper regard for the rights and interests of all persons concerned.

(b) After consultation with the Connecticut Port Authority, the Commissioner of Energy and Environmental Protection may consider any sunken or grounded vessel, scow, lighter or similar structure lying within the tidal, coastal or navigable waters of the state to be an encroachment subject to the provisions of this section and sections 22a-360 to 22a-363, inclusive.

(c) As used in this section and sections 22a-360 to 22a-363b, inclusive, “coastal jurisdiction line” means the location of the topographical elevation of the highest predicted tide for the period beginning in 1983 and ending in 2001, referenced to the most recent National Tidal Datum Epoch as published by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and described in terms of feet of elevation above the North American Vertical Datum of 1988.

(d) For any tidal, coastal or navigable waters of the state located upstream of a tide gate, weir, or other device that modifies the flow of tidal waters, the coastal jurisdiction line for such tidal, coastal or navigable waters shall be the elevation of mean high water as found at the downstream location of such device.

(e) As used in this section and sections 22a-360 to 22a-363a, inclusive, “navigable waters” means Long Island Sound, any cove, bay or inlet of Long Island Sound, and that portion of any tributary, river or stream that empties into Long Island Sound upstream to the first permanent obstruction to navigation for watercraft from Long Island Sound.

(1963, P.A. 569, S. 1; 1971, P.A. 872, S. 57; P.A. 78-102, S. 1; P.A. 79-201; P.A. 82-191, S. 2; P.A. 87-495, S. 2; P.A. 11-80, S. 1; P.A. 12-101, S. 4; June Sp. Sess. P.A. 15-5, S. 34.)

History: 1971 act replaced water resources commission with commissioner of environmental protection; P.A. 78-102 authorized commissioner to regulate placement of fill, required consideration of aquatic life, fish and wildlife, coastal flooding and water quality with regard to erecting structures and placing fill in state waters; P.A. 79-201 required consideration of management of coastal resources; P.A. 82-191 added Subsec. (b) re consideration of sunken or grounded vessels or similar structures as encroachments requiring a permit; Sec. 25-7b transferred to Sec. 22a-359 in 1983; P.A. 87-495 amended Subsec. (a) to apply section to dredging and to clarify that structures and fill are regulated waterward of the high tide line and added a new Subsec. (c) defining “high tide line”; pursuant to P.A. 11-80, “Commissioner of Environmental Protection” was changed editorially by the Revisors to “Commissioner of Energy and Environmental Protection”, effective July 1, 2011; P.A. 12-101 amended Subsec. (a) to replace “high tide line” with “coastal jurisdiction line”, amended Subsec. (c) to replace definition of “high tide line” with definition of “coastal jurisdiction line” and replace “22a-363” with “22a-363b”, added Subsec. (d) re coastal jurisdiction line for any tidal, coastal or navigable waters of the state located upstream of a tide gate, weir or other device that modifies the flow of tidal waters, and added Subsec. (e) re definition of “navigable waters”; June Sp. Sess. P.A. 15-5 amended Subsec. (b) by replacing “Commissioner of Transportation” with “Connecticut Port Authority”, effective July 1, 2016.

Annotations to former section 25-7b:

No determination of littoral rights of applicant and neighboring owners made in issuance of permits under section; commission only determining under police power necessary curtailment of applicant's common law littoral rights. 157 C. 528. Applications under section and to dredge under Sec. 25-7d (22a-361) could be heard together by water resources commission. 159 C. 82. Standards set forth in statute are specific enough to be constitutionally sound. 161 C. 50. Applicable to power lines over or under rivers. 162 C. 89. Cited. 165 C. 224. Commission is not precluded from granting an otherwise proper application because of some prior unlicensed activity by an applicant. Id., 231. Cited. 175 C. 483.

Cited. 29 CS 298.

Annotations to present section:

Cited. 215 C. 616. By its plain meaning, the term “high tide line” refers to the highest point at which the water's surface intersects with the land over the course of the entire yearly tidal cycle, excluding only the extraordinary conditions created by a hurricane or other intense storm; the maximum height of water may be higher than what is observed at any given moment, but it must be at least as high as what is observed under nonextreme weather conditions; if, absent intense storm activity, the water level at high tide ever reaches a given location, that location is necessarily waterward of the high tide line as defined in Subsec. (c); section not unconstitutionally void for vagueness as applied. 305 C. 681. Under 2003 revision, use of the 1-year frequency tidal flood elevation as a method to determine the location of the high tide line was entirely consistent with section; section allows for use of different measurements or surveys by department when determining location of the high tide line, and the only limitations as to permissible methods are that the method used must be suitable and that storm surges due to hurricanes or other intense storms may not be included when determining high tide line. 308 C. 359.

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Notes of Decisions
Cited in 11 cases (4 in the last 5 years), 2006–2022 · leading case: Nussbaum v. Dept. of Energy & Env't Prot., 261 A.3d 1182 (Conn. App. Ct. 2021).
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Nussbaum v. Dept. of Energy & Env't Prot., 261 A.3d 1182 (Conn. App. Ct. 2021). · cites it 5× “n, may, under certain circumstances, alter the mean high waterline bordering private shoreline property, (b) cor- rectly determined the location of the mean high water- line bordering the plaintiffs’ property, and (c) properly balanced the plaintiffs’ private rights with the…”
Rapoport v. Zoning Bd. of Appeals Stamford, 19 A.3d 622 (Conn. 2011). · cites it 5× “General Statutes § 22a-359 (a) provides in relevant part that “[t]he Commissioner of Environmental Protection shall regulate dredging and the erection of structures and the placement of fill, and work incidental thereto, in the tidal, coastal or navigable waters of the state…”
Dipietro v. Zoning Bd. of Appeals, 889 A.2d 269 (Conn. App. Ct. 2006). · cites it 4× “The plaintiff argues that the state, pursuant to General Statutes § 22a-359 etseq., has the exclusive jurisdiction to regulate conduct waterward of the mean high water mark, thus preventing enforcement of a municipal regulation affecting use of docks.”
Lawrence v. Dept. of Energy & Env't Prot., 176 A.3d 608 (Conn. App. Ct. 2017). · cites it 10× “He alleges that the final decision allowing the construction of the pier is clearly erroneous and arbitrary, capricious, and an abuse of discretion because it violates the Tidal Wetlands Act, General Statutes §§ 22a-28 et seq. ; the Coastal Management Act, General Statutes §§…”
Lane v. Comm'r of Env't Prot., 43 A.3d 821 (Conn. App. Ct. 2012). · cites it 2× “3 June 24, 1939, is the date on which the Structures, Dredging and Fill Act; General Statutes § 22a-359 et seq.; originally was enacted.”
Islander East Pipeline Co., LLC v. Blumenthal, 478 F. Supp. 2d 289 (D. Conn. 2007). · cites it 2× “(“Islander East”) seeks declaratory and injunctive relief from the defendants’ requirement that it obtain a state permit under Connecticut’s Structures, Dredging and Fill Act (“SDF”), Conn. Gen.Stat. § 22a-359 et seq., in order to lawfully carry out its activities related to…”
Ertel v. Rocque, 946 A.2d 1251 (Conn. App. Ct. 2008). · cites it 2× “In 1988, after concluding that the plaintiff had violated General Statutes §§ 22a-359 through 22a-363 by, inter alia, continuously exceeding the scope of the permit and knowingly and wilfully failing to remove unauthorized structures in a regulated area, the department revoked…”
Nussbaum v. Dept. of Energy & Env't Prot., No. AC43865 Appendix (Conn. App. Ct. Aug. 17, 2021). · cites it 2× “4 In mak- ing a decision as to whether a permit should issue for these fences, the commissioner was required to con- sider and balance the private landowner’s property rights with the state’s and the public’s interest and rights in land, which is held in public trust, to…”
Nussbaum v. Dept. of Energy & Env't Prot., No. AC43865 Appendix (Conn. App. Ct. Aug. 17, 2021). · cites it 2× “4 In mak- ing a decision as to whether a permit should issue for these fences, the commissioner was required to con- sider and balance the private landowner’s property rights with the state’s and the public’s interest and rights in land, which is held in public trust, to…”
Cohen v. Dept. of Energy & Env't Prot., 215 Conn. App. 767 (Conn. App. Ct. 2022). · cites it 2× “On April 14, 2015, the defendants, pursuant to the Structures, Dredging and Fill Act of 1939, General Stat- utes § 22a-359 et seq. (structures, dredging and fill act); the Tidal Wetlands Act of 1969 (tidal wetlands act), General Statutes § 22a-28 et seq.”
Lane v. Comm'r of Env't Prot., No. SC19027 (Conn. Oct. 7, 2014). · cites it 3× “coastal resources’’; General Statutes § 22a-359 (a); which harmful effects § 22a-361 was intended to prevent.”
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 22a-359(a): 1 case
Lawrence v. Dept. of Energy & Env't Prot., 176 A.3d 608 (Conn. App. Ct. 2017). “He alleges that the final decision allowing the construction of the pier is clearly erroneous and arbitrary, capricious, and an abuse of discretion because it violates the Tidal Wetlands Act, General Statutes §§ 22a-28 et seq. ; the Coastal Management Act, General Statutes §§…”
Annotations are extracted automatically from the opinions in the Syfert caselaw corpus and ranked by authority, recency, and treatment. Dots show Syfertize treatment of the citing case itself.