Indiana Code

Ind. Code § 13-30-9-3 (2026)

Allocation of costs of removal or remedial action

✓ current as of May 2026
Find cases: SyfertCases citing this section JustiaInd. Code CornellLII Search CasesGoogle Scholar

     Sec. 3. (a) In resolving an environmental legal action, a court shall allocate the costs of the removal or remedial action in proportion to the acts or omissions of each party, without regard to any theory of joint and several liability, using legal and equitable factors that the court determines are appropriate, including the following:

(1) The degree of care exercised by each party with respect to the release of the hazardous substance or petroleum caused or contributed to by each party.

(2) The amount and characteristics of the hazardous substance or petroleum that was released.

(3) The risks posed by the hazardous substance or petroleum based on the use of the site at the time the hazardous substance or petroleum was released into the environment and the cost effectiveness of the removal or remedial action to address the risks.

(4) Whether a party's acts or omissions violated a federal, state, or local statute, rule, regulation, or ordinance.

(5) The extent to which each party exercised actual and direct managerial control over the site where the hazardous substance or petroleum was released at the time of the release.

(6) Whether an award of reasonable costs, including attorney's fees, to a party involved in the environmental legal action is appropriate.

(7) Other equitable factors, including unjust enrichment, that the court determines are appropriate.

     (b) Notwithstanding subsection (a), if parties have entered into a contract that allocates the costs or responsibility for the removal or remedial action, the terms of the contract control the allocation of costs between the parties to the contract. However, the terms of a contract may not affect the recovery of costs by the state unless the state is a signatory to the contract.

As added by P.L.59-1997, SEC.23.

 

Notes of Decisions
Cited in 9 cases (1 in the last 5 years), 2000–2025 · leading case: Armstrong Cleaners, Inc. v. Erie Ins. Exch., 364 F. Supp. 2d 797 (S.D. Ind. 2005).
Armstrong Cleaners, Inc. v. Erie Ins. Exch., 364 F. Supp. 2d 797 (S.D. Ind. 2005). · cites it 13× “However, the plaintiff, and especially the other potentially responsible parties, in the underlying environmental suit will have powerful incentives to attempt to show that the Armstrongs are liable for a high percentage of the costs pursuant to Ind.Code § 13-30-9-3. The other…”
Indiana Ins. Co. v. Patricia Kopetsky, & KB Home Indiana Inc., 11 N.E.3d 508 (Ind. Ct. App. 2014). · cites it 2× “Pursuant to Ind. Code § 13-30-9-3 , this court is authorized to award KB Home reasonable costs, including attorneys fees, incurred in bringing this action.”
City of Gary, Indiana v. Shafer, 683 F. Supp. 2d 836 (N.D. Ind. 2010). · cites it 2× “Ind.Code § 13-30-9-3; Cooper Industries L.”
Nyby v. Waste Mgmt., Inc., 725 N.E.2d 905 (Ind. Ct. App. 2000). · cites it 2× “Ind.Code § 13-30-9-3 (1998) permits a court to award attorney’s fees to a party involved in an environmental legal action.”
Peniel Grp., Inc. v. Bannon, 973 N.E.2d 575 (Ind. Ct. App. 2012). · cites it 2× “Accordingly, pursuant to Indiana Code section 13-30-9-3, which provides for the allocation of the “costs of the removal or remedial action in proportion to the acts or omissions of each party” in an environmental legal action, Beech Grove Holdings sought a judgment against the…”
Evansville Greenway & Remediation Trust v. S. Indiana Gas & Elec. Co., 661 F. Supp. 2d 989 (S.D. Ind. 2009). · cites it 2× “” Ind.Code § 13-30-9-3(a). Although Frontier Kemper argues that the ELA leaves the issue open, the statutory language clearly states that the court shall allocate costs between the parties, and the parallels to CERCLA are apparent.”
Refined Metals Corp. v. Nl Indus., Inc. (S.D. Ind. 2020). · cites it 2× “” Ind. Code § 13-30-9-3 (a). Refined Metals further argues that the temporal scope of the ELA claim is different, as it seeks only costs incurred after July 2007.”
Impact Holdings LLC v. Coupled Prods. LLC (N.D. Ind. 2025). · cites it 2× “While Plaintiff is correct that attorneys’ fees in prosecuting an ELA claim may be awarded when a claim is resolved, see I.C. § 13-30-9-3(a)(6), an “interest in attorney’s fees is .”
The Peniel Grp., Inc. & Beech Grove Holdings, LLC v. Elizabeth Bannon, Kenneth G. Schaefer, Linda A. Schaefer, Norma Thinnes, Betty Benefiel, Janet Beeler, Charles Dodson & Beth Dodson (Ind. Ct. App. 2012). · cites it 2× “Accordingly, pursuant to Indiana Code section 13-30-9-3, which provides for the allocation of the “costs of the removal or remedial action in proportion to the acts or omissions of each party” in an environmental legal action, Beech Grove Holdings sought a judgment against the…”
Ind. Code § 13-30-9-3(a): 2 cases
Armstrong Cleaners, Inc. v. Erie Ins. Exch., 364 F. Supp. 2d 797 (S.D. Ind. 2005). “However, the plaintiff, and especially the other potentially responsible parties, in the underlying environmental suit will have powerful incentives to attempt to show that the Armstrongs are liable for a high percentage of the costs pursuant to Ind.Code § 13-30-9-3. The other…”
Evansville Greenway & Remediation Trust v. S. Indiana Gas & Elec. Co., 661 F. Supp. 2d 989 (S.D. Ind. 2009). “” Ind.Code § 13-30-9-3(a). Although Frontier Kemper argues that the ELA leaves the issue open, the statutory language clearly states that the court shall allocate costs between the parties, and the parallels to CERCLA are apparent.”
Ind. Code § 13-30-9-3(a)(6): 1 case
Impact Holdings LLC v. Coupled Prods. LLC (N.D. Ind. 2025). “While Plaintiff is correct that attorneys’ fees in prosecuting an ELA claim may be awarded when a claim is resolved, see I.C. § 13-30-9-3(a)(6), an “interest in attorney’s fees is .”
Annotations are extracted automatically from the opinions in the Syfert caselaw corpus and ranked by authority, recency, and treatment. Dots show Syfertize treatment of the citing case itself.