Indiana Code

Ind. Code § 34-51-2-16 (2026)

Nonparty defense; pleadings

✓ current as of May 2026
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     Sec. 16. A nonparty defense that is known by the defendant when the defendant files the defendant's first answer shall be pleaded as a part of the first answer. A defendant who gains actual knowledge of a nonparty defense after the filing of an answer may plead the defense with reasonable promptness. However, if the defendant was served with a complaint and summons more than one hundred fifty (150) days before the expiration of the limitation of action applicable to the claimant's claim against the nonparty, the defendant shall plead any nonparty defense not later than forty-five (45) days before the expiration of that limitation of action. The trial court may alter these time limitations or make other suitable time limitations in any manner that is consistent with:

(1) giving the defendant a reasonable opportunity to discover the existence of a nonparty defense; and

(2) giving the claimant a reasonable opportunity to add the nonparty as an additional defendant to the action before the expiration of the period of limitation applicable to the claim.

[Pre-1998 Recodification Citation: 34-4-33-10(c).]

As added by P.L.1-1998, SEC.47.

 

Notes of Decisions
Cited in 18 cases (5 in the last 5 years), 1999–2024 · leading case: Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp. v. Cobb, 754 N.E.2d 905 (Ind. 2001).
Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp. v. Cobb, 754 N.E.2d 905 (Ind. 2001). · cites it 12× “The language of Indiana Code § 34-4-38-10(c) (now Indiana Code § 34-51-2-16) states that, "[a] defendant who gains actual knowledge of a nonparty defense after the filing of an answer may plead the defense with reasonable promptness.”
McClain v. Chem-Lube Corp., 759 N.E.2d 1096 (Ind. Ct. App. 2001). · cites it 10× “An amendment of a pleading to assert a nonparty defense is governed by Ind.Code § 34-51-2-16, which states as follows: A nonparty defense that is known by the defendant when the defendant files the defendant's first answer shall be pleaded as a part of the first answer.”
USF Holland, Inc. v. Radogno, Cameli, & Hoag, P.C., 2014 IL App (1st) 131727, 24 N.E.3d 97. · cites it 14× “Ind. Code Ann. § 34-51-2-16 (West 2004). Thus, Keppen's motion argued that "under either Illinois or Indiana law, a non-party defense is untimely, and not allowed.”
Adam Nagel & Emily Nagel v. N. Indiana Pub. Serv. Co., 26 N.E.3d 30 (Ind. Ct. App. 2015). · cites it 2× “I.C. § 34-51-2-16. When service of a complaint occurs more than 150 days before the expiration of the statute of limitations, this statute “strikes a balance between providing a reasonable opportunity to the defendant to discover and assert a nonparty defense and providing a…”
Joseph D. Hardiman & Jaketa L. Patterson, as Co-Administrators of the Est. of Britney R. Meux v. Jason R. Cozmanoff, 4 N.E.3d 1148 (Ind. 2014). · cites it 2× “Indeed, the trial court noted that the limited stay left the Estate free to pursue discovery against anyone except Cozmanoff. Finally, Indiana law requires Cozmanoff to plead any nonparty defense at least forty-five days before the expiration of the statute of limitation, Ind.”
USF Holland, Inc. v. Radogno, Cameli, & Hoag, P.C., 2014 IL App (1st) 131727. · cites it 11× “Ind. Code Ann. § 34-51-2-16 (West 2004). Thus, Keppen’s motion argued that “under either Illinois or Indiana law, a non-party defense is untimely, and not allowed.”
Owens Corning Fiberglas Corp. v. Cobb, 714 N.E.2d 295 (Ind. Ct. App. 1999). · cites it 3× “CODE § 34-51-2-16 in 1998. [5] The record does not contain an order ruling on OC's motion to strike Cobb's punitive damage prayers and claims; because Cobb was awarded punitive damages, we can only presume that the trial court denied OC's motion.”
Witte v. M.M. Ex Rel. Mundy, 800 N.E.2d 185 (Ind. Ct. App. 2003). · cites it 4× “Ind.Code § 34-51-2-16. Otherwise, the defense is to be asserted with "reasonable promptness.”
Denton v. Universal AM-CAN, Ltd., 2015 IL App (1st) 132905. “See Ind. Code Ann. § 34-51-2-16 (West 2012). We reject this argument for two reasons.”
Indiana Farm Bureau Ins. v. Electrolux Home Prods., Inc, No. 4:19-cv-00050 (S.D. Ind. Dec. 31, 2019). · cites it 8× “of the CMP supplants the deadline for motions to amend the pleadings and the requirements of Ind. Code § 34-51-2-16 ,2 which prescribes the time by which a defendant must plead a nonparty defense.”
Eastgate Investments I, LLC v. MW Builders, Inc., No. 2:19-cv-00304 (N.D. Ind. Jan. 10, 2023). · cites it 7× “” Ind. Code Ann. § 34-51-2-16 .; see Parker v.”
Jones v. The Kaplan Trucking Co., No. 4:17-cv-00022 (N.D. Ind. Oct. 24, 2019). · cites it 6× “Under Ind. Code § 34-51-2-16 , a “nonparty defense that is known by the defendant when the defendant files the defendant's first answer shall be pleaded as a part of the first answer.”
Ind. Code § 34-51-2-16(1): 2 cases
Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp. v. Cobb, 754 N.E.2d 905 (Ind. 2001). “The language of Indiana Code § 34-4-38-10(c) (now Indiana Code § 34-51-2-16) states that, "[a] defendant who gains actual knowledge of a nonparty defense after the filing of an answer may plead the defense with reasonable promptness.”
Owens Corning v. Cobb, No. 49S04-0001-CV-33 (Ind. Sept. 10, 2001).
Ind. Code § 34-51-2-16(1)(2): 1 case
McClain v. Chem-Lube Corp., 759 N.E.2d 1096 (Ind. Ct. App. 2001). “An amendment of a pleading to assert a nonparty defense is governed by Ind.Code § 34-51-2-16, which states as follows: A nonparty defense that is known by the defendant when the defendant files the defendant's first answer shall be pleaded as a part of the first answer.”
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