Missouri Revised Statutes

Mo. Rev. Stat. § 453.080 (2026)

Hearing

✓ current as of May 2026

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453.080. Hearing — decree — contact or exchange of identifying information between adopted person and birth or adoptive parent not to be denied, when — post adoption contact agreement — contact preference form. — 1. The court shall conduct a hearing to determine whether the adoption shall be finalized. If their attorney appears in person, out-of-state adoptive petitioners may appear by video conference. During such hearing, the court shall ascertain whether:

(1) The person sought to be adopted, if a child, has been in the lawful and actual custody of the petitioner for a period of at least six months prior to entry of the adoption decree; except that the six-month period may be waived if the person sought to be adopted is a child who is under the prior and continuing jurisdiction of a court pursuant to chapter 211 and the person desiring to adopt the child is the child's current foster parent. Lawful and actual custody shall include a transfer of custody pursuant to the laws of this state, another state, a territory of the United States, or another country;

(2) The court has received and reviewed a postplacement assessment on the monthly contacts with the adoptive family pursuant to section 453.077, except for good cause shown in the case of a child adopted from a foreign country;

(3) The court has received and reviewed an updated financial affidavit;

(4) The court has received the recommendations of the guardian ad litem and has received and reviewed the recommendations of the person placing the child, the person making the assessment and the person making the postplacement assessment;

(5) There is compliance with the Indian Child Welfare Act, if applicable;

(6) There is compliance with the Interstate Compact on the Placement of Children pursuant to section 210.620; and

(7) It is fit and proper that such adoption should be made.

2. If a petition for adoption has been filed pursuant to section 453.010 and a transfer of custody has occurred pursuant to section 453.110, the court may authorize the filing for finalization in another state if the adoptive parents are domiciled in that state.

3. If the court determines the adoption should be finalized, a decree shall be issued setting forth the facts and ordering that from the date of the decree the adoptee shall be for all legal intents and purposes the child of the petitioner or petitioners. The court may decree that the name of the person sought to be adopted be changed, according to the prayer of the petition.

4. Before the completion of an adoption, the exchange of information among the parties shall be at the discretion of the parties. Prospective adoptive parents and birth parents may enter into a written post adoption contact agreement to allow contact, communication, and the exchange of photographs after the adoption between the adoptive parents and the birth parents. The court shall not order any party to enter into a post adoption contact agreement. The agreement shall be filed with and approved by the court at or before the finalization of the adoption. The court shall approve an agreement only if the agreement is in the best interests of the child. The court may enforce or modify an agreement made under this subsection unless such enforcement or modification is not in the best interests of the child. The agreement shall include:

(1) An acknowledgment by the birth parents that the adoption is irrevocable, even if the adoptive parents do not abide by the post adoption contact agreement;

(2) An acknowledgment by the adoptive parents that the agreement grants the birth parents the right to seek to enforce the provisions of the post adoption contact agreement. Remedies for a breach of the agreement shall include specific performance of the terms of the agreement; provided, that nothing in the agreement shall preclude a party seeking to enforce the agreement from utilizing child welfare mediation before, or in addition to, the commencement of a civil action for specific enforcement;

(3) An acknowledgment that the post adoption contact agreement shall be filed with and approved by the court in order to be enforceable; and

(4) An acknowledgment that the birth parents' consent to the adoption was not conditioned on the post adoption contact agreement and that acceptance of the agreement is fully voluntary.

Upon completion of an adoption, further contact among the parties shall be at the discretion of the adoptive parents or in accordance with a post adoption contact agreement executed under this subsection. The court shall not have jurisdiction to deny an exchange of identifying information between an adoptive parent and a birth parent.

5. Before the completion of an adoption, the court shall make available to the birth parent or parents a contact preference form developed by the state registrar pursuant to section 193.128 and provided to the court by the department of health and senior services. If a birth parent chooses to complete the form, the clerk of the court shall send the form with the certificate of decree of adoption to the state registrar. Such form shall accompany the original birth certificate of the adopted person and may be updated by a birth parent at any time upon the request of the birth parent.

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(RSMo 1939 § 9613, A.L. 1947 V. II p. 213, A.L. 1985 H.B. 366, et al., A.L. 1997 H.B. 343, A.L. 1998 H.B. 1918 merged with S.B. 674, A.L. 2001 S.B. 348, A.L. 2016 H.B. 1599, A.L. 2018 S.B. 819)

Prior revisions: 1929 § 14078; 1919 § 1100

(1953) Validity of judgment of adoption is determined solely by this section. Judgment held sufficient. Hyman v. Stanley (A.), 257 S.W.2d 388.

(1962) In adoption proceedings where petitioning stepfather had married the natural mother who had custody of child under Texas divorce decree, and for more than nine months thereafter shared custody of the child in the home, stepfather's custody was sufficient under this section. In re Adoption of P.J.K. (A.), 359 S.W.2d 360.

Notes of Decisions

Cited in 38 cases (2 in the last 5 years), 1952–2024 · leading case: S.G.W. v. R.B., 753 S.W.2d 933 (Mo. Ct. App. 1988).

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S.G.W. v. R.B., 753 S.W.2d 933 (Mo. Ct. App. 1988). · cites it 10× “While the court must find willful abandonment or willful neglect to have jurisdiction, § 453.080 does not require the adoption decree to recite a specific finding of willful abandonment or willful neglect.”

State ex rel. Dorsey v. Kelly, 327 S.W.2d 160 (Mo. 1959). · cites it 16× “Relator, being thereupon appointed by the court as her guardian ad litem, filed motion to dismiss or, in the alternative, to stay the proceedings on grounds that the child had not been in the lawful and, actual custody of petitioners for a period of at leást nine months,…”

State Ex Rel. M. L. H. v. Carroll, 343 S.W.2d 622 (Mo. Ct. App. 1961). · cites it 10× “Section 453.080 RSMo 1949, 24 V.A.M.S. Before determining whether the Petition for Transfer of Custody under scrutiny before us is one permitted under Chapter 453 RSMo 1949, 24 V.”

D.L.M. v. T.J.S., 134 S.W.3d 673 (Mo. Ct. App. 2004). · cites it 17× “under section 453.080 RSMo 2000 prior to filing the petition for adoption.”

In Re Adoption of P. J. K., 359 S.W.2d 360 (Mo. Ct. App. 1962). · cites it 6× “Section 453.080. The custody of the child had been awarded to the mother by the Texas decree on September 24, 1959, the child had been in the mother’s custody continuously thereafter, and the mother (already a natural parent) did not seek to become an adoptive parent but simply…”

Novak v. Novak, 536 S.W.2d 33 (Mo. 1976). · cites it 6× “banc 1959), this court so recognized when it said: “ * * * contention that the child has not been in the lawful and actual custody of petitioners for a period of at least nine months which, under the provision of section 453.080, is a jurisdictional prerequisite to the entry of…”

Adoption of K. B. I. D. v. v. M. G., 417 S.W.2d 702 (Mo. Ct. App. 1967). · cites it 4× “There is no more substance, in our judgment, to the appellant’s related argument that petitioner could not have had the actual and lawful custody of the adoptee for at least nine months prior to the entry of the decree, as required by Section 453.080, 6 because no preliminary…”

Short v. S. Union Co., 372 S.W.3d 520 (Mo. Ct. App. 2012). · cites it 2× “2004) (interpreting “include” as used in section 453.080 which states that lawful and actual custody “shall include a transfer of custody pursuant to the laws of this state” as a term of enlargement and not as a legislative expression of “the exclusive means by which a party can…”

Adoption of C.M. v. E.M.B.R., 414 S.W.3d 622 (Mo. Ct. App. 2013). · cites it 2× “026; an investigation report, pursuant to section 453.”

Hyman v. Stanley, 257 S.W.2d 388 (Mo. Ct. App. 1953). · cites it 7× “Section 453.080 RSMo 1949, entitled "Hearingdecree" reads: "If the court, after due hearing, is satisfied that the allegations of the petition are true, that the person sought to be adopted, if a minor, has been in the lawful and actual custody of the petitioner or petitioners…”

In Re Hyman's Adoption, 297 S.W.2d 1 (Mo. Ct. App. 1956). · cites it 8× “7525, appellants' first allegation of error is that the petitioners in the adoption cases failed to prove that the children had been in their lawful and actual custody for a period of at least nine months prior to the entry of the adoption decrees as required by Section 453.080…”

Webb v. First Nat'l Bank & Trust Co. of Joplin, 602 S.W.2d 780 (Mo. Ct. App. 1980). · cites it 3× “The focus of the appeal is upon the requirements of § 453.080, RSMo 1949, in effect when the decree of adoption was entered.”

Show all 38 citing cases →

— Mo. Rev. Stat. § 453.080(1) — 1 case

In the Matter of: M.N.V. (Mo. Ct. App. 2021).

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