Mont. Code Ann. » TITLE 1. GENERAL LAWS AND DEFINITIONS · CHAPTER 2. STATUTORY CONSTRUCTION · Part 1. General Provisions
Montana Code Annotated

Mont. Code Ann. § 1-2-105 (2026)

General Definitional Rules -- Verb Tense, Gender, And Number

✓ current as of May 2026
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  1. MCA Contents
  2. TITLE 1
  3. CHAPTER 2
  4. Part 1
  5. 1-2-105 General definitional rules -- verb tense, gender, and number

TITLE 1. GENERAL LAWS AND DEFINITIONS

CHAPTER 2. STATUTORY CONSTRUCTION

Part 1. General Provisions

General Definitional Rules -- Verb Tense, Gender, And Number

1-2-105. General definitional rules -- verb tense, gender, and number. The following rules apply in this code:

(1) The present tense includes the future as well as the present.

(2) Words used in the masculine gender include the feminine and neuter.

(3) The singular includes the plural and the plural the singular.

History: En. Sec. 16, Pol. C. 1895; re-en. Sec. 16, Rev. C. 1907; amd. Sec. 4, Ch. 4, L. 1921; re-en. Sec. 16, R.C.M. 1921; Cal. Pol. C. Sec. 17; re-en. Sec. 16, R.C.M. 1935; amd. Sec. 1, Ch. 25, L. 1947; amd. Sec. 11-114, Ch. 264, L. 1963; amd. Sec. 3, Ch. 309, L. 1977; R.C.M. 1947, 19-103(part).

Notes of Decisions
Cited in 8 cases (1 in the last 5 years), 1987–2025 · leading case: North v. Bunday, 735 P.2d 270 (Mont. 1987).
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North v. Bunday, 735 P.2d 270 (Mont. 1987). · cites it 16× “The plaintiff, as proponent for the combined comparison rule, contends that the words "the person" in § 27-1-702 must be *273 interpreted in accordance with § 1-2-105, MCA; that the policy of the state, and fairness, require interpretation of § 27-1-702 under the combined…”
State v. Jimmy Booth Jr., 2012 MT 40 (Mont. 2012). · cites it 3× “’” See § 1-2-105(3), MCA. However, we cannot ignore that the Legislature saw fit to include the word “combination” in the statute.”
Boyes v. Eddie, 1998 MT 311 (Mont. 1998). · cites it 3× “” Section 1-2-105(3), MCA. ¶28 Accordingly, we hold that multiple notices of the issuance of Tax Deeds may be placed in the same envelope for mailing.”
In re Case No. 00-33150-7, Zimmermann, 2002 MT 90 (Mont. 2002). · cites it 2× “” See § 1-2-105(3), MCA. Thus, according to the Trustee, the term “judgment debtor” as used in § 25-13-609, MCA, necessarily applies to both a single debtor and joint debtors, and limits joint debtors to a single set of exemptions totaling the aggregate values set forth in the…”
Ramsbacher v. Jim Palmer Trucking, 417 P.3d 313 (Mont. 2018). · cites it 4× “¶ 24 JPT argues PPC's statutory retention of the right of control does not obviate the fact that JPT actually controlled Ramsbacher's work on a daily basis, and § 39-8-207(1)(b)(i), MCA, and the contract further provide that JPT retained "sufficient direction and control over…”
In Re Zimmerman, 2002 MT 90 (Mont. 2002). · cites it 2× “” See § 1-2-105(3), MCA. Thus, according to the Trustee, the term “judgment debtor” as used in § 25-13-609, MCA, necessarily applies to both a single debtor and joint debtors, and limits joint debtors to a single set of exemptions totaling the aggregate values set forth in the…”
Crawford v. Casey Couture, 2016 MT 291 (Mont. 2016). “280); see also Laws of the CSKT § 1-2-105 (2013). Crawford has not identified any basis in federal law that would provide the State court jurisdiction over his claims.”
Marriage of: Rehbein & Paddock, 2025 MT 201 (Mont. 2025). “418, § 80 (amending § 40-6-105(1)(a), MCA, to omit “man” in favor of “person” and omit “he” in favor of “the person”); § 1-2-105(2) (“Words [in the Mont. Code Ann.”
— Mont. Code Ann. § 1-2-105(2) — 1 case
Marriage of: Rehbein & Paddock, 2025 MT 201 (Mont. 2025). “418, § 80 (amending § 40-6-105(1)(a), MCA, to omit “man” in favor of “person” and omit “he” in favor of “the person”); § 1-2-105(2) (“Words [in the Mont. Code Ann.”
— Mont. Code Ann. § 1-2-105(3) — 5 cases
State v. Jimmy Booth Jr., 2012 MT 40 (Mont. 2012). “’” See § 1-2-105(3), MCA. However, we cannot ignore that the Legislature saw fit to include the word “combination” in the statute.”
Boyes v. Eddie, 1998 MT 311 (Mont. 1998). “” Section 1-2-105(3), MCA. ¶28 Accordingly, we hold that multiple notices of the issuance of Tax Deeds may be placed in the same envelope for mailing.”
In re Case No. 00-33150-7, Zimmermann, 2002 MT 90 (Mont. 2002). “” See § 1-2-105(3), MCA. Thus, according to the Trustee, the term “judgment debtor” as used in § 25-13-609, MCA, necessarily applies to both a single debtor and joint debtors, and limits joint debtors to a single set of exemptions totaling the aggregate values set forth in the…”
Ramsbacher v. Jim Palmer Trucking, 417 P.3d 313 (Mont. 2018). “¶ 24 JPT argues PPC's statutory retention of the right of control does not obviate the fact that JPT actually controlled Ramsbacher's work on a daily basis, and § 39-8-207(1)(b)(i), MCA, and the contract further provide that JPT retained "sufficient direction and control over…”
In Re Zimmerman, 2002 MT 90 (Mont. 2002). “” See § 1-2-105(3), MCA. Thus, according to the Trustee, the term “judgment debtor” as used in § 25-13-609, MCA, necessarily applies to both a single debtor and joint debtors, and limits joint debtors to a single set of exemptions totaling the aggregate values set forth in the…”
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