N.J. Stat. » Title 12A — COMMERCIAL TRANSACTIONS
New Jersey Statutes

N.J. Stat. § 12A:2-314 (2026)

Implied warranty: merchantability; usage of trade

✓ current as of May 2026
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(1) Unless excluded or modified (12A:2-316), a warranty that the goods shall be merchantable is implied in a contract for their sale if the seller is a merchant with respect to goods of that kind. Under this section the serving for value of food or drink to be consumed either on the premises or elsewhere is a sale.

(2) Goods to be merchantable must be at least such as

(a) pass without objection in the trade under the contract description; and

(b) in the case of fungible goods, are of fair average quality within the description; and

(c) are fit for the ordinary purposes for which such goods are used; and

(d) run, within the variations permitted by the agreement, of even kind, quality and quantity within each unit and among all units involved; and

(e) are adequately contained, packaged, and labeled as the agreement may require; and

(f) conform to the promises or affirmations of fact made on the container or label if any.

(3) Unless excluded or modified (12A:2-316) other implied warranties may arise from course of dealing or usage of trade.

Notes of Decisions
Cited in 58 cases (23 in the last 5 years), 1976–2026 · leading case: Crozier v. Johnson & Johnson Consum. Companies, Inc., 901 F. Supp. 2d 494 (D.N.J. 2012).
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Crozier v. Johnson & Johnson Consum. Companies, Inc., 901 F. Supp. 2d 494 (D.N.J. 2012). · cites it 8× “§ 12A:2-314, and of fitness under N.J. Stat. Ann. § 12A:2-314, in connection with the sale of Neosporin NEO TO GO! first aid antiseptic/pain relieving spray.”
Montich v. Miele USA, Inc., 849 F. Supp. 2d 439 (D.N.J. 2012). · cites it 6× “11, 2009) (citing N.J. Stat. Ann. § 12A:2-314). New Jersey has adopted the Uniform Commercial Code (“UCC”) which provides, in pertinent part, “that for goods to be merchantable they must at least”: “(a) pass without objection in the trade under the contract description; .”
ARLANDSON v. Hartz Mountain Corp., 792 F. Supp. 2d 691 (D.N.J. 2011). · cites it 4× “11, 2009) (citing N.J. Stat. Ann. § 12A:2-314). New Jersey has adopted the Uniform Commercial Code (“UCC”) which provides, in pertinent part, that for goods to be merchantable they must at least: (a) pass without objection in the trade under the contract description; and .”
Marcus v. BMW of North Am., LLC, 687 F.3d 583 (3d Cir. 2012). · cites it 2× “, N.J. Stat. Ann. § 12A:2-314 cmt. 13 (discussing how, in an action based on breach of warranty, “it is of course necessary to show .”
Volin v. Gen. Elec. Co., 189 F. Supp. 3d 411 (D.N.J. 2016). · cites it 3× “” N.J.S.A. § 12A:2-314(1). One definition of merchantability is that the goods are “fit for the ordinary purposes for which such goods are used.”
Argabright v. Rheem Mfg. Co., 201 F. Supp. 3d 578 (D.N.J. 2016). · cites it 2× “2013) (citing N.J.S.A. § 12A:2-314). “ ‘Merchantability does not mean that the goods are exactly as the buyer expected, but rather that the goods satisfy a minimum level of quality.”
Dzielak v. Whirlpool Corp., 26 F. Supp. 3d 304 (D.N.J. 2014). · cites it 2× “47 at 12 (quoting N.J.S.A. § 12A:2-314). In short, according to Plaintiffs, they were not just promised that their clothes would be *330 washed.”
Asp v. Toshiba Am. Consum. Prods., LLC, 616 F. Supp. 2d 721 (S.D. Ohio 2008). · cites it 3× “See N.J. Stat. Ann. § 12A:2-314. Moreover, Toshiba is a merchant in DVRs.”
Kuzian v. Electrolux Home Prods., Inc., 937 F. Supp. 2d 599 (D.N.J. 2013). · cites it 2× “N.J.S.A. 12A:2-314. New Jersey law also provides, “Where the seller at the time of contracting has reason to know any particular purpose for which the goods are required and that the buyer is relying on the seller’s skill or judgment to select or furnish suitable goods, there is…”
Green v. Green Mountain Coffee Roasters, Inc., 279 F.R.D. 275 (D.N.J. 2011). · cites it 2× “1956) (emphasis added); see also N.J. Stat. Ann. § 12A:2-314(2)(c) (describing merchantable goods as those that are “fit for the ordinary purposes for which such goods are used”).”
In re Porsche Cars North Am., Inc., 880 F. Supp. 2d 801 (S.D. Ohio 2012). “2314 (adopting UCC § 2-314 as Michigan law); N.J. Stat. Ann. § 12A:2-314 (adopting UCC § 2-314 as New Jersey law); Tex.”
Nelson v. Nissan North Am., Inc., 894 F. Supp. 2d 558 (D.N.J. 2012). · cites it 2× ““Pursuant to the implied warranty of merchantability, a merchant warrants that goods sold are fit for the ordinary purposes for which the goods are used.”
Show all 58 citing cases →
N.J. Stat. § 12A:2-314(1): 13 cases
Volin v. Gen. Elec. Co., 189 F. Supp. 3d 411 (D.N.J. 2016). “” N.J.S.A. § 12A:2-314(1). One definition of merchantability is that the goods are “fit for the ordinary purposes for which such goods are used.”
New Jersey Transit Corp. v. Harsco Corp., 497 F.3d 323 (3d Cir. 2007).
Asp v. Toshiba Am. Consum. Prods., LLC, 616 F. Supp. 2d 721 (S.D. Ohio 2008). “See N.J. Stat. Ann. § 12A:2-314. Moreover, Toshiba is a merchant in DVRs.”
Scheller v. Wilson Certified Foods, Inc., 559 P.2d 1074 (Ariz. Ct. App. 1976).
Gen. Elec. Credit Corp. of Tennessee v. Ger-Beck Mach. Co., Inc., Fischer Indus., Inc., & Am. Tool, Inc., Ger-Beck Mach. Co., Inc., Am. Tool, Inc. & Fischer Indus., Inc., Third-Party v. Gen. Automation, Inc., Third-Party Appeal of Ger-Beck Mach. Co., Inc, 806 F.2d 1207 (3d Cir. 1987).
N.J. Stat. § 12A:2-314(1)(c): 1 case
Little v. KIA Motors Am., Inc., 190 A.3d 502 (N.J. Super. Ct. App. Div. 2018).
N.J. Stat. § 12A:2-314(2): 2 cases
The Carrington Tea Co. d/b/a Carrington Farms v. Pretium Packing L.L.C. (D.N.J. 2023).
Jill Steele v. Am. Honda Motor Co., Inc. (N.J. Super. Ct. App. Div. 2026).
N.J. Stat. § 12A:2-314(2)(c): 11 cases
Green v. Green Mountain Coffee Roasters, Inc., 279 F.R.D. 275 (D.N.J. 2011). “1956) (emphasis added); see also N.J. Stat. Ann. § 12A:2-314(2)(c) (describing merchantable goods as those that are “fit for the ordinary purposes for which such goods are used”).”
Asp v. Toshiba Am. Consum. Prods., LLC, 616 F. Supp. 2d 721 (S.D. Ohio 2008). “See N.J. Stat. Ann. § 12A:2-314. Moreover, Toshiba is a merchant in DVRs.”
Lithuanian Com. Corp. v. Sara Lee Hosiery, 179 F.R.D. 450 (D.N.J. 1998).
Gen. Elec. Credit Corp. v. Ger-Beck Mach. Co., 806 F.2d 1207 (3d Cir. 1986).
Scattaglia v. Mercedes-benz USA, LLC (D.N.J. 2021).
N.J. Stat. § 12A:2-314(2)(e): 1 case
Volin v. Gen. Elec. Co., 189 F. Supp. 3d 411 (D.N.J. 2016). “” N.J.S.A. § 12A:2-314(1). One definition of merchantability is that the goods are “fit for the ordinary purposes for which such goods are used.”
N.J. Stat. § 12A:2-314(2)(f): 3 cases
In re 100% Grated Parmesan Cheese Mktg. & Sales Practices Litig., 348 F. Supp. 3d 797 (E.D. Ill. 2018).
West Trenton Hardware, LLC v. Brooklyn Textiles, LLC (D.N.J. 2024).
In Re: 100% Grated Parmesan Cheese Mktg. & Sales Practices Litig. (N.D. Ill. 2018).
N.J. Stat. § 12A:2-314(a): 2 cases
Gen. Elec. Credit Corp. of Tennessee v. Ger-Beck Mach. Co., Inc., Fischer Indus., Inc., & Am. Tool, Inc., Ger-Beck Mach. Co., Inc., Am. Tool, Inc. & Fischer Indus., Inc., Third-Party v. Gen. Automation, Inc., Third-Party Appeal of Ger-Beck Mach. Co., Inc, 806 F.2d 1207 (3d Cir. 1987).
Gen. Elec. Credit Corp. v. Ger-Beck Mach. Co., 806 F.2d 1207 (3d Cir. 1986).
N.J. Stat. § 12A:2-314(f): 1 case
ARLANDSON v. Hartz Mountain Corp., 792 F. Supp. 2d 691 (D.N.J. 2011). “11, 2009) (citing N.J. Stat. Ann. § 12A:2-314). New Jersey has adopted the Uniform Commercial Code (“UCC”) which provides, in pertinent part, that for goods to be merchantable they must at least: (a) pass without objection in the trade under the contract description; and .”
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