N.C. Gen. Stat. » Chapter 7B
NC General Statutes

N.C. Gen. Stat. § 7B-2901 (2026)

Confidentiality of records

✓ current as of July 2026
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(a) The clerk shall maintain a complete record of all juvenile cases filed in the clerk's office alleging abuse, neglect, or dependency. The records shall be withheld from public inspection and, except as provided in this subsection, may be examined only by order of the court. The record shall include the summons, petition, custody order, court order, written motions, the electronic or mechanical recording of the hearing, and other papers filed in the proceeding. The recording of the hearing shall be reduced to a written transcript only when notice of appeal has been timely given. After the time for appeal has expired with no appeal having been filed, the recording of the hearing may be erased or destroyed upon the written order of the court or in accordance with a retention schedule approved by the Director of the Administrative Office of the Courts and the Department of Natural and Cultural Resources under G.S. 121-5(c).

The following persons may examine the juvenile's record maintained pursuant to this subsection and obtain copies of written parts of the record without an order of the court:

(1) The person named in the petition as the juvenile;

(2) The guardian ad litem;

(3) The county department of social services; and

(4) The juvenile's parent, guardian, or custodian, or the attorney for the juvenile or the juvenile's parent, guardian, or custodian.

(b) The Director of the Department of Social Services shall maintain a record of the cases of juveniles under protective custody by the Department or under placement by the court, which shall include family background information; reports of social, medical, psychiatric, or psychological information concerning a juvenile or the juvenile's family; interviews with the juvenile's family; or other information which the court finds should be protected from public inspection in the best interests of the juvenile. The records maintained pursuant to this subsection may be examined only in the following circumstances:

(1) The juvenile's guardian ad litem or the juvenile, including a juvenile who has reached age 18 or been emancipated, is authorized to review the record and request all or part of the record unless prohibited by federal law. The department shall provide electronic or written copies of the requested information within a reasonable period of time.

(2) A district or superior court judge of this State presiding over a civil matter in which the department is not a party may order the department to release confidential information, after providing the department with reasonable notice and an opportunity to be heard and then determining that the information is relevant and necessary to the trial of the matter before the court and unavailable from any other source. This subsection shall not be construed to relieve any court of its duty to conduct hearings and make findings required under relevant federal law before ordering the release of any private medical or mental health information or records related to substance abuse or HIV status or treatment. The department may surrender the requested records to the court, for in camera review, if surrender is necessary to make the required determinations.

(3) A district or superior court judge of this State presiding over a criminal or delinquency matter shall conduct an in camera review before releasing to the defendant or juvenile any confidential records maintained by the department of social services, except those records the defendant or juvenile is entitled to pursuant to subdivision (1) of this subsection.

(4) The department may disclose confidential information to a parent, guardian, custodian, or caretaker in accordance with G.S. 7B-700.

(c) In the case of a child victim, the court may order the sharing of information among such public agencies as the court deems necessary to reduce the trauma to the victim.

(d) The court's entire record of a proceeding involving consent for an abortion on an unemancipated minor under Article 1A, Part 2 of Chapter 90 of the General Statutes is not a matter of public record, shall be maintained separately from any juvenile record, shall be withheld from public inspection, and may be examined only by order of the court, by the unemancipated minor, or by the unemancipated minor's attorney or guardian ad litem. (1979, c. 815, s. 1; 1987, c. 297; 1994, Ex. Sess., c. 7, s. 1; 1995, c. 462, s. 4; c. 509, s. 5; 1997-459, s. 2; 1998-202, s. 6; 2001-208, s. 10; 2001-487, s. 101; 2009-311, s. 18; 2017-158, s. 23; 2021-100, s. 18.)

 

Notes of Decisions
Cited in 12 cases (4 in the last 5 years), 2002–2026 · leading case: State v. White, 827 S.E.2d 80 (N.C. 2019).
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State v. White, 827 S.E.2d 80 (N.C. 2019). · cites it 6× “See N.C.G.S. § 7B-2901 (2017) (governing the maintenance under seal of records pertaining to reports of juvenile abuse, neglect, and dependency); id.”
In Re Greene, 568 S.E.2d 634 (N.C. Ct. App. 2002). · cites it 3× “Section 7B-2901(b) of our statutes provides that: The Director of the Department of Social Services shall maintain a record of the cases of juveniles under protective custody by the Department or under placement by the court, which shall include family background information .”
In Re: D.a., A.a., L.A., 820 S.E.2d 873 (N.C. Ct. App. 2018). · cites it 3× “N.C.G.S. § 7B-2901 (2017)("The [juvenile's parent] may examine the juvenile's record maintained pursuant to this subsection and obtain copies of written parts of the record without an order of the court[.”
In re J.L., 685 S.E.2d 11 (N.C. Ct. App. 2009). · cites it 10× “Under N.C. Gen. Stat. § 7B-2901(b) (2007), The Director of the Department of Social Services shall maintain a record of the cases of juveniles .”
Fore v. The W. N.C. Conf. of the United Methodist Church (N.C. Ct. App. 2022). · cites it 19× “” N.C. Gen. Stat. § 7B-2901(b) (2003). The statute was silent on whether a party in litigation who did not hold those records could assert the protection afforded by § 7B-2901(b).”
Fore v. The W. N.C. Conf. of the United Methodist Church (N.C. Ct. App. 2022). · cites it 19× “” N.C. Gen. Stat. § 7B-2901(b) (2003). The statute was silent on whether a party in litigation who did not hold those records could assert the protection afforded by § 7B-2901(b).”
Doe v. Doe, 823 S.E.2d 583 (N.C. Ct. App. 2018). “4(l) and G.S. 7B-2901 will be compromised by an open hearing.”
In Re Jl, 685 S.E.2d 11 (N.C. Ct. App. 2009). · cites it 10× “Under N.C. Gen.Stat. § 7B-2901(b) (2007), The Director of the Department of Social Services shall maintain a record of the cases of juveniles .”
Vang v. Ashby (M.D.N.C. 2020). · cites it 4× “§ 7B-302, of Plaintiff’s children and/or includes references to related confidential state court records, see N.C. Gen. Stat. § 7B-2901. The Court finds that a compelling interest in protecting the minors’ privacy outweighs the public’s right of access to those materials.”
Mastanduno v. Nat'l Freight Indus., 821 S.E.2d 592 (N.C. Ct. App. 2018). · cites it 3× “4(a) (2017) ("Records of criminal investigations conducted by public law enforcement agencies ... are not public records.”
In re: M.H. (N.C. Ct. App. 2026). · cites it 2× “See N.C. Gen. Stat. § 7B-2901(a) (2025) (“The clerk shall maintain a complete record of all juvenile cases filed in the clerk’s office alleging abuse, neglect, or dependency.”
Rhoads v. Guilford Cnty. North Carolina (M.D.N.C. 2024). “§ 7B-2901(a) (2021). Moreover, sealing the transcripts, where the pertinent basis for Plaintiffs’ claim appears already in the complaint, is narrowly tailored to serve that compelling interest.”
— N.C. Gen. Stat. § 7B-2901(a) — 2 cases
In re: M.H. (N.C. Ct. App. 2026). “See N.C. Gen. Stat. § 7B-2901(a) (2025) (“The clerk shall maintain a complete record of all juvenile cases filed in the clerk’s office alleging abuse, neglect, or dependency.”
Rhoads v. Guilford Cnty. North Carolina (M.D.N.C. 2024). “§ 7B-2901(a) (2021). Moreover, sealing the transcripts, where the pertinent basis for Plaintiffs’ claim appears already in the complaint, is narrowly tailored to serve that compelling interest.”
— N.C. Gen. Stat. § 7B-2901(b) — 5 cases
In Re Greene, 568 S.E.2d 634 (N.C. Ct. App. 2002). “Section 7B-2901(b) of our statutes provides that: The Director of the Department of Social Services shall maintain a record of the cases of juveniles under protective custody by the Department or under placement by the court, which shall include family background information .”
In re J.L., 685 S.E.2d 11 (N.C. Ct. App. 2009). “Under N.C. Gen. Stat. § 7B-2901(b) (2007), The Director of the Department of Social Services shall maintain a record of the cases of juveniles .”
Fore v. The W. N.C. Conf. of the United Methodist Church (N.C. Ct. App. 2022). “” N.C. Gen. Stat. § 7B-2901(b) (2003). The statute was silent on whether a party in litigation who did not hold those records could assert the protection afforded by § 7B-2901(b).”
Fore v. The W. N.C. Conf. of the United Methodist Church (N.C. Ct. App. 2022). “” N.C. Gen. Stat. § 7B-2901(b) (2003). The statute was silent on whether a party in litigation who did not hold those records could assert the protection afforded by § 7B-2901(b).”
In Re Jl, 685 S.E.2d 11 (N.C. Ct. App. 2009). “Under N.C. Gen.Stat. § 7B-2901(b) (2007), The Director of the Department of Social Services shall maintain a record of the cases of juveniles .”
— N.C. Gen. Stat. § 7B-2901(b)(2) — 2 cases
Fore v. The W. N.C. Conf. of the United Methodist Church (N.C. Ct. App. 2022). “” N.C. Gen. Stat. § 7B-2901(b) (2003). The statute was silent on whether a party in litigation who did not hold those records could assert the protection afforded by § 7B-2901(b).”
Fore v. The W. N.C. Conf. of the United Methodist Church (N.C. Ct. App. 2022). “” N.C. Gen. Stat. § 7B-2901(b) (2003). The statute was silent on whether a party in litigation who did not hold those records could assert the protection afforded by § 7B-2901(b).”
— N.C. Gen. Stat. § 7B-2901(d) — 1 case
Mastanduno v. Nat'l Freight Indus., 821 S.E.2d 592 (N.C. Ct. App. 2018). “4(a) (2017) ("Records of criminal investigations conducted by public law enforcement agencies ... are not public records.”
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