Ohio Revised Code

Ohio Rev. Code § 1303.34 (2026)

Overdue instrument - UCC 3-304

✓ current as of May 2026
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(A) An instrument payable on demand becomes overdue at the earliest of the following times:

(1) On the day after the day during which demand for payment is duly made;

(2) If the instrument is a check, ninety days after its date;

(3) If the instrument is not a check, when the instrument has been outstanding for a period of time after its date that is unreasonably long under the circumstances of the particular case in light of the nature of the instrument and the usage of the trade.

(B) With respect to an instrument payable at a definite time, the following rules apply:

(1) If the principal is payable in installments and a due date has not been accelerated, the instrument becomes overdue upon default under the instrument for nonpayment of an installment, and the instrument remains overdue until the default is cured.

(2) If the principal is not payable in installments and the due date has not been accelerated, the instrument becomes overdue on the day after the due date.

(3) If a due date with respect to principal has been accelerated, the instrument becomes overdue on the day after the accelerated due date.

(C) Unless the due date of principal has been accelerated, an instrument does not become overdue if there is default in payment of interest but no default in payment of principal.

Notes of Decisions
Cited in 16 cases, 1957–1997 · leading case: Bank One, Dayton, N.A. v. Doughman, 571 N.E.2d 442 (Ohio Ct. App. 1988).
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Bank One, Dayton, N.A. v. Doughman, 571 N.E.2d 442 (Ohio Ct. App. 1988). · cites it 2× “031 reads in full: “Notwithstanding section 1303.34 of the Revised Code, a buyer who executes a purchase money loan installment note or a retail installment contract in connection with a consumer transaction may assert against any holder, assignee, or transferee of the note or…”
Allis-Chalmers Credit Corp. v. Herbolt, 479 N.E.2d 293 (Ohio Ct. App. 1984). · cites it 2× ““Notwithstanding section 1303.34 of the Revised Code, a buyer who executes a purchase money loan installment note or a retail installment contract in connection with a consumer transaction may assert against any holder, assignee, or transferee of the note or contract,…”
G.F.D. Enter., Inc. v. Nye, 525 N.E.2d 10 (Ohio 1988). · cites it 2× “R.C. 1303.34 provides: “To the extent that a holder is a holder in due course he takes the instrument free from: “(A) all claims to it on the part of any person; and “(B) all defenses of any party to the instrument with whom the holder has not dealt except: “(1) infancy, to the…”
Provident Bank v. Barnhart, 445 N.E.2d 746 (Ohio Ct. App. 1982). · cites it 2× “31 of the Revised Code, any defense which the buyer may assert against the retail seller * * *.”
All Am. Fin. Co. v. Pugh Shows, Inc., 507 N.E.2d 1134 (Ohio 1987). · cites it 2× “See R.C. 1303.34 (UCC 3-305). 1 If All American is a *132 holder in due course, then it is entitled to judgment.”
Cauffiel Mach. Co. v. E. Steel & Metal Co., 391 N.E.2d 743 (Ohio Ct. App. 1978). · cites it 2× ““Want or failure of consideration is a defense as against any person not having the rights of a holder in due course, as provided in section 1303.34 of the Revised Code, except that no consideration is necessary for an instrument or obligation thereon given in payment of or as…”
Sur-Gro Plant Food Co. v. Morgan, 504 N.E.2d 445 (Ohio Ct. App. 1985). · cites it 2× “44, dealing with consideration, states that: “Want or failure of consideration is a defense as against any person not having the rights of a holder in due course, as provided in section 1303.34 of the Revised Code, except that no consideration is necessary for an instrument or…”
Savin v. Cent. Trust Co., N.A., 666 N.E.2d 332 (Ohio Ct. App. 1995). · cites it 4× “R.C. 1303.34 was substantively changed and renumbered effective August 19, 1994.”
Star Bank Nat'l Ass'n v. Cirrocumulus Ltd. P'ship, 700 N.E.2d 918 (Ohio Ct. App. 1997). “R.C. 1303.34 provides: “To the extent that a holder is a holder in due course he takes the instrument free from: *747 “(A) all claims to it on the part of any person; and “(B) all defenses of any party to the instrument with whom the holder has not dealt except: “(1) infancy, to…”
Bank One of Columbus, NA v. Myers, 470 N.E.2d 485 (Ohio Ct. App. 1984). · cites it 6× “03; UCC 3-104) free from “all defenses of any party to the instrument with whom the holder has not dealt” (R.C. 1303.34[B]; UCC 3-305) except the real defenses listed in R.”
Chase Bank of Ohio v. Nealco Leasing, Inc., 636 N.E.2d 388 (Ohio Ct. App. 1993). · cites it 3× “Significantly, the Official Comment to R.C. 1303.34 specifically states that nondelivery, i.”
Am. Plan Corp. v. Woods, 240 N.E.2d 886 (Ohio Ct. App. 1968). · cites it 2× “31, Revised Code? Is appellant’s defense “real” or “personal”? Fraud affecting the value of the consideration paid is fraud in the inducement and is a personal defense which may not be asserted against a holder in due course by reason of Section 1303.34, Revised Code. On the…”
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Ohio Rev. Code § 1303.34(B): 2 cases
G.F.D. Enter., Inc. v. Nye, 525 N.E.2d 10 (Ohio 1988). “R.C. 1303.34 provides: “To the extent that a holder is a holder in due course he takes the instrument free from: “(A) all claims to it on the part of any person; and “(B) all defenses of any party to the instrument with whom the holder has not dealt except: “(1) infancy, to the…”
Savin v. Cent. Trust Co., N.A., 666 N.E.2d 332 (Ohio Ct. App. 1995). “R.C. 1303.34 was substantively changed and renumbered effective August 19, 1994.”
Ohio Rev. Code § 1303.34(B)(2): 1 case
Columbus Checkcashiers, Inc. v. Stiles, 565 N.E.2d 883 (Ohio Ct. App. 1990).
Ohio Rev. Code § 1303.34(B)(3): 1 case
Chase Bank of Ohio v. Nealco Leasing, Inc., 636 N.E.2d 388 (Ohio Ct. App. 1993). “Significantly, the Official Comment to R.C. 1303.34 specifically states that nondelivery, i.”
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