2 U.S.C. § 441b

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Notes of Decisions
Cited in 222 cases (6 in the last 5 years), 1976–2026 · leading case: McConnell v. Fed. Election Comm'n, 251 F. Supp. 2d 176 (D.D.C. 2003).
McConnell v. Fed. Election Comm'n, 251 F. Supp. 2d 176 (D.D.C. 2003). · cites it 77× “[8] In addition, under 2 U.S.C. § 441b, corporations and labor unions are prohibited from using their general treasury funds to "make a contribution or expenditure in connection with any election to any political office.”
Fed. Election Comm'n v. Wisconsin Right to Life, Inc., 551 U.S. 449 (2007). · cites it 13× “[6] *2692 E In 1986, in MCFL , we reexamined the longstanding ban on spending corporate and union treasury funds "in connection with" federal elections, 2 U.S.C. § 441b, and drew two conclusions implicated in the present case.”
Fed. Election Comm'n v. Nat'l Right to Work Comm., 459 U.S. 197 (1982). · cites it 13× “One month later, the Commission filed an enforcement proceeding against respondent in the United States District Court for the District of Columbia, seeking to establish respondent’s violation of 2 U.”
Fed. Election Comm'n v. Massachusetts Citizens for Life, Inc., 479 U.S. 238 (1986). · cites it 10× “490 , as renumbered and amended, 2 U. S. C. § 441b. The first question is whether appellee Massachusetts Citizens for Life, Inc.”
First Nat. Bank of Boston v. Bellotti, 435 U.S. 765 (1978). · cites it 6× “volving issues having no material connection with the corporate business, the Court not only invalidates a statute which has been on the books in one form or another for many years, but also casts considerable doubt upon the constitutionality of legislation passed by some 31…”
Fed. Election Comm'n v. Beaumont, 539 U.S. 146 (2003). · cites it 6× “[1] It has no shareholders and, although it receives some donations from traditional business corporations, it is "overwhelmingly funded by private contributions from individuals.”
Fed. Election Comm'n v. NRA Political Victory Fund, 513 U.S. 88 (1994). · cites it 6× “238 (1986) (finding 2 U. S. C. § 441b unconstitutional as applied); Federal Election Comm'n v.”
Stop This Insanity Inc Emp. Leadership Fund v. Fed. Election Comm'n, 902 F. Supp. 2d 23 (D.D.C. 2012). · cites it 11× “The plaintiffs also reference that they challenge the application of the source restrictions in 2 U.S.C. § 441b(a), which prohibits, inter alia, political committees from accepting contributions from corporations.”
Martin Tractor Co. v. Fed. Election Comm'n Nat'l Chamber All. for Politics v. Fed. Election Comm'n, 627 F.2d 375 (D.C. Cir. 1980). · cites it 8× “WALD, Circuit Judge: Appellants in these consolidated appeals brought actions in district court seeking declaratory and injunctive relief from certain of the provisions of section 321 of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971, as amended, 2 U.S.C. § 441b, 1 (“FECA” or the…”
Bread Political Action Comm. v. The Fed. Election Comm'n, 635 F.2d 621 (7th Cir. 1980). · cites it 16× “APPENDIX 2 U.S.C. § 441b provides: § 441b. Contributions or expenditures by national banks, corporations, or labor organizations (a) It is unlawful for any national bank, or any corporation organized by authority of any law of Congress, to make a contribution or expenditure in…”
Minnesota Citizens Concerned for Life, Inc. v. Swanson, 692 F.3d 864 (8th Cir. 2012). · cites it 4× “at 897-98 (characterizing 2 U.S.C. § 441b as a ban on corporate speech).”
California Med. Ass'n v. Fed. Election Comm'n, 453 U.S. 182 (1981). · cites it 4× “" 2 U. S. C. § 441b (b) (2) (C). Contributions by these groups to such funds are not limited by the statute.”
— 2 U.S.C. § 441b(2) — 1 case
Beaumont v. Fed. Election Comm'n, 137 F. Supp. 2d 648 (E.D.N.C. 2000).
— 2 U.S.C. § 441b(2)(C) — 2 cases
Clifton v. Fed. Election Comm'n, 927 F. Supp. 493 (D. Me. 1996).
— 2 U.S.C. § 441b(4) — 1 case
Nat'l Rifle Ass'n of Am. v. Fed. Election Comm'n, 854 F.2d 1330 (D.C. Cir. 1988).
— 2 U.S.C. § 441b(a) — 108 cases
McConnell v. Fed. Election Comm'n, 251 F. Supp. 2d 176 (D.D.C. 2003). “[8] In addition, under 2 U.S.C. § 441b, corporations and labor unions are prohibited from using their general treasury funds to "make a contribution or expenditure in connection with any election to any political office.”
Fed. Election Comm'n v. Wisconsin Right to Life, Inc., 551 U.S. 449 (2007). “[6] *2692 E In 1986, in MCFL , we reexamined the longstanding ban on spending corporate and union treasury funds "in connection with" federal elections, 2 U.S.C. § 441b, and drew two conclusions implicated in the present case.”
Fed. Election Comm'n v. Beaumont, 539 U.S. 146 (2003). “[1] It has no shareholders and, although it receives some donations from traditional business corporations, it is "overwhelmingly funded by private contributions from individuals.”
— 2 U.S.C. § 441b(b) — 2 cases
McConnell v. Fed. Election Comm'n, 251 F. Supp. 2d 176 (D.D.C. 2003). “[8] In addition, under 2 U.S.C. § 441b, corporations and labor unions are prohibited from using their general treasury funds to "make a contribution or expenditure in connection with any election to any political office.”
Colorado Educ. Ass'n v. Rutt, 184 P.3d 65 (Colo. 2008).
— 2 U.S.C. § 441b(b)(2) — 40 cases
Fed. Election Comm'n v. Wisconsin Right to Life, Inc., 551 U.S. 449 (2007). “[6] *2692 E In 1986, in MCFL , we reexamined the longstanding ban on spending corporate and union treasury funds "in connection with" federal elections, 2 U.S.C. § 441b, and drew two conclusions implicated in the present case.”
McConnell v. Fed. Election Comm'n, 251 F. Supp. 2d 176 (D.D.C. 2003). “[8] In addition, under 2 U.S.C. § 441b, corporations and labor unions are prohibited from using their general treasury funds to "make a contribution or expenditure in connection with any election to any political office.”
Repub. Nat'l Comm. v. Fed. Election Comm'n, 487 F. Supp. 280 (S.D.N.Y. 1980).
Shays v. Fed. Election Comm'n, 414 F.3d 76 (D.C. Cir. 2005).
— 2 U.S.C. § 441b(b)(2)(B) — 1 case
Shays v. Fed. Election Comm'n, 337 F. Supp. 2d 28 (D.D.C. 2004).
— 2 U.S.C. § 441b(b)(2)(C) — 25 cases
McConnell v. Fed. Election Comm'n, 251 F. Supp. 2d 176 (D.D.C. 2003). “[8] In addition, under 2 U.S.C. § 441b, corporations and labor unions are prohibited from using their general treasury funds to "make a contribution or expenditure in connection with any election to any political office.”
Stop This Insanity Inc Emp. Leadership Fund v. Fed. Election Comm'n, 902 F. Supp. 2d 23 (D.D.C. 2012). “The plaintiffs also reference that they challenge the application of the source restrictions in 2 U.S.C. § 441b(a), which prohibits, inter alia, political committees from accepting contributions from corporations.”
Fed. Election Comm'n v. Nat'l Right to Work Comm., 459 U.S. 197 (1982). “One month later, the Commission filed an enforcement proceeding against respondent in the United States District Court for the District of Columbia, seeking to establish respondent’s violation of 2 U.”
— 2 U.S.C. § 441b(b)(3) — 1 case
Beck v. Commc'ns Workers of Am. (C.W.A.), 776 F.2d 1187 (4th Cir. 1985).
— 2 U.S.C. § 441b(b)(3)(A) — 2 cases
Fed. Election Comm'n v. Nat'l Educ. Ass'n, 457 F. Supp. 1102 (D.D.C. 1978).
— 2 U.S.C. § 441b(b)(3)(B) — 1 case
Fed. Election Comm'n v. Pub. Citizen, Inc., 64 F. Supp. 2d 1327 (N.D. Ga. 1999).
— 2 U.S.C. § 441b(b)(3)(C) — 3 cases
Fed. Election Comm'n v. Pub. Citizen, Inc., 64 F. Supp. 2d 1327 (N.D. Ga. 1999).
Bread Political Action Comm. v. The Fed. Election Comm'n, 635 F.2d 621 (7th Cir. 1980). “APPENDIX 2 U.S.C. § 441b provides: § 441b. Contributions or expenditures by national banks, corporations, or labor organizations (a) It is unlawful for any national bank, or any corporation organized by authority of any law of Congress, to make a contribution or expenditure in…”
— 2 U.S.C. § 441b(b)(4) — 7 cases
Fed. Election Comm'n v. Massachusetts Citizens for Life, Inc., 479 U.S. 238 (1986). “490 , as renumbered and amended, 2 U. S. C. § 441b. The first question is whether appellee Massachusetts Citizens for Life, Inc.”
Fed. Election Comm'n v. Nat'l Right to Work Comm., 459 U.S. 197 (1982). “One month later, the Commission filed an enforcement proceeding against respondent in the United States District Court for the District of Columbia, seeking to establish respondent’s violation of 2 U.”
Stop This Insanity Inc Emp. Leadership Fund v. Fed. Election Comm'n, 902 F. Supp. 2d 23 (D.D.C. 2012). “The plaintiffs also reference that they challenge the application of the source restrictions in 2 U.S.C. § 441b(a), which prohibits, inter alia, political committees from accepting contributions from corporations.”
Nat'l Rifle Ass'n of Am. v. Fed. Election Comm'n, 854 F.2d 1330 (D.C. Cir. 1988).
— 2 U.S.C. § 441b(b)(4)(A) — 10 cases
Fed. Election Comm'n v. Nat'l Right to Work Comm., 459 U.S. 197 (1982). “One month later, the Commission filed an enforcement proceeding against respondent in the United States District Court for the District of Columbia, seeking to establish respondent’s violation of 2 U.”
Nat'l Org. for Marriage v. McKee, 649 F.3d 34 (1st Cir. 2011).
Common Cause v. Fed. Election Comm'n, 842 F.2d 436 (D.C. Cir. 1988).
Martin Tractor Co. v. Fed. Election Comm'n Nat'l Chamber All. for Politics v. Fed. Election Comm'n, 627 F.2d 375 (D.C. Cir. 1980). “WALD, Circuit Judge: Appellants in these consolidated appeals brought actions in district court seeking declaratory and injunctive relief from certain of the provisions of section 321 of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971, as amended, 2 U.S.C. § 441b, 1 (“FECA” or the…”
— 2 U.S.C. § 441b(b)(4)(A)(i) — 5 cases
McConnell v. Fed. Election Comm'n, 251 F. Supp. 2d 176 (D.D.C. 2003). “[8] In addition, under 2 U.S.C. § 441b, corporations and labor unions are prohibited from using their general treasury funds to "make a contribution or expenditure in connection with any election to any political office.”
Martin Tractor Co. v. Fed. Election Comm'n Nat'l Chamber All. for Politics v. Fed. Election Comm'n, 627 F.2d 375 (D.C. Cir. 1980). “WALD, Circuit Judge: Appellants in these consolidated appeals brought actions in district court seeking declaratory and injunctive relief from certain of the provisions of section 321 of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971, as amended, 2 U.S.C. § 441b, 1 (“FECA” or the…”
Shays v. Fed. Election Comm'n, 337 F. Supp. 2d 28 (D.D.C. 2004).
Stop This Insanity Inc Emp. Leadership Fund v. Fed. Election Comm'n, 902 F. Supp. 2d 23 (D.D.C. 2012). “The plaintiffs also reference that they challenge the application of the source restrictions in 2 U.S.C. § 441b(a), which prohibits, inter alia, political committees from accepting contributions from corporations.”
Nat'l Rifle Ass'n of Am. v. Fed. Election Comm'n, 854 F.2d 1330 (D.C. Cir. 1988).
— 2 U.S.C. § 441b(b)(4)(A)(ii) — 1 case
McConnell v. Fed. Election Comm'n, 251 F. Supp. 2d 176 (D.D.C. 2003). “[8] In addition, under 2 U.S.C. § 441b, corporations and labor unions are prohibited from using their general treasury funds to "make a contribution or expenditure in connection with any election to any political office.”
— 2 U.S.C. § 441b(b)(4)(B) — 7 cases
Martin Tractor Co. v. Fed. Election Comm'n Nat'l Chamber All. for Politics v. Fed. Election Comm'n, 627 F.2d 375 (D.C. Cir. 1980). “WALD, Circuit Judge: Appellants in these consolidated appeals brought actions in district court seeking declaratory and injunctive relief from certain of the provisions of section 321 of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971, as amended, 2 U.S.C. § 441b, 1 (“FECA” or the…”
Bread Political Action Comm. v. The Fed. Election Comm'n, 635 F.2d 621 (7th Cir. 1980). “APPENDIX 2 U.S.C. § 441b provides: § 441b. Contributions or expenditures by national banks, corporations, or labor organizations (a) It is unlawful for any national bank, or any corporation organized by authority of any law of Congress, to make a contribution or expenditure in…”
Stop This Insanity Inc Emp. Leadership Fund v. Fed. Election Comm'n, 902 F. Supp. 2d 23 (D.D.C. 2012). “The plaintiffs also reference that they challenge the application of the source restrictions in 2 U.S.C. § 441b(a), which prohibits, inter alia, political committees from accepting contributions from corporations.”
California Med. Ass'n v. Fed. Election Comm'n, 641 F.2d 619 (9th Cir. 1980).
— 2 U.S.C. § 441b(b)(4)(C) — 8 cases
Fed. Election Comm'n v. Nat'l Right to Work Comm., 459 U.S. 197 (1982). “One month later, the Commission filed an enforcement proceeding against respondent in the United States District Court for the District of Columbia, seeking to establish respondent’s violation of 2 U.”
McConnell v. Fed. Election Comm'n, 251 F. Supp. 2d 176 (D.D.C. 2003). “[8] In addition, under 2 U.S.C. § 441b, corporations and labor unions are prohibited from using their general treasury funds to "make a contribution or expenditure in connection with any election to any political office.”
Fed. Election Comm'n v. NRA Political Victory Fund, 513 U.S. 88 (1994). “238 (1986) (finding 2 U. S. C. § 441b unconstitutional as applied); Federal Election Comm'n v.”
Martin Tractor Co. v. Fed. Election Comm'n Nat'l Chamber All. for Politics v. Fed. Election Comm'n, 627 F.2d 375 (D.C. Cir. 1980). “WALD, Circuit Judge: Appellants in these consolidated appeals brought actions in district court seeking declaratory and injunctive relief from certain of the provisions of section 321 of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971, as amended, 2 U.S.C. § 441b, 1 (“FECA” or the…”
Nat'l Rifle Ass'n of Am. v. Fed. Election Comm'n, 854 F.2d 1330 (D.C. Cir. 1988).
— 2 U.S.C. § 441b(b)(4)(D) — 3 cases
Bread Political Action Comm. v. The Fed. Election Comm'n, 635 F.2d 621 (7th Cir. 1980). “APPENDIX 2 U.S.C. § 441b provides: § 441b. Contributions or expenditures by national banks, corporations, or labor organizations (a) It is unlawful for any national bank, or any corporation organized by authority of any law of Congress, to make a contribution or expenditure in…”
Fed. Election Comm'n v. Nat'l Right to Work Comm., 501 F. Supp. 422 (D.D.C. 1980).
— 2 U.S.C. § 441b(b)(4)(i) — 1 case
Fed. Election Comm'n v. Nat'l Right to Work Comm., 501 F. Supp. 422 (D.D.C. 1980).
— 2 U.S.C. § 441b(b)(5) — 1 case
Washington Educ. Ass'n v. Smith, 638 P.2d 77 (Wash. 1981).
— 2 U.S.C. § 441b(b)(7) — 2 cases
Martin Tractor Co. v. Fed. Election Comm'n Nat'l Chamber All. for Politics v. Fed. Election Comm'n, 627 F.2d 375 (D.C. Cir. 1980). “WALD, Circuit Judge: Appellants in these consolidated appeals brought actions in district court seeking declaratory and injunctive relief from certain of the provisions of section 321 of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971, as amended, 2 U.S.C. § 441b, 1 (“FECA” or the…”
Stop This Insanity Inc Emp. Leadership Fund v. Fed. Election Comm'n, 902 F. Supp. 2d 23 (D.D.C. 2012). “The plaintiffs also reference that they challenge the application of the source restrictions in 2 U.S.C. § 441b(a), which prohibits, inter alia, political committees from accepting contributions from corporations.”
— 2 U.S.C. § 441b(b)(8)(C) — 1 case
— 2 U.S.C. § 441b(c)(2) — 4 cases
McConnell v. Fed. Election Comm'n, 251 F. Supp. 2d 176 (D.D.C. 2003). “[8] In addition, under 2 U.S.C. § 441b, corporations and labor unions are prohibited from using their general treasury funds to "make a contribution or expenditure in connection with any election to any political office.”
Wisconsin Right to Life, Inc. v. Fed. Election Comm'n, 466 F. Supp. 2d 195 (D.D.C. 2006).
Van Hollen v. Fed. Election Comm'n, 851 F. Supp. 2d 69 (D.D.C. 2012).
McConnell v. Fed. Election Comm'n, 540 U.S. 93 (2003).
— 2 U.S.C. § 441b(c)(3)(B) — 1 case
McConnell v. Fed. Election Comm'n, 251 F. Supp. 2d 176 (D.D.C. 2003). “[8] In addition, under 2 U.S.C. § 441b, corporations and labor unions are prohibited from using their general treasury funds to "make a contribution or expenditure in connection with any election to any political office.”
— 2 U.S.C. § 441b(c)(6)(A) — 3 cases
McConnell v. Fed. Election Comm'n, 251 F. Supp. 2d 176 (D.D.C. 2003). “[8] In addition, under 2 U.S.C. § 441b, corporations and labor unions are prohibited from using their general treasury funds to "make a contribution or expenditure in connection with any election to any political office.”
Wisconsin Right to Life, Inc. v. Fed. Election Comm'n, 466 F. Supp. 2d 195 (D.D.C. 2006).
McConnell v. Fed. Election Comm'n, 540 U.S. 93 (2003).
— 2 U.S.C. § 441b(c)(6)(B) — 1 case
McConnell v. Fed. Election Comm'n, 251 F. Supp. 2d 176 (D.D.C. 2003). “[8] In addition, under 2 U.S.C. § 441b, corporations and labor unions are prohibited from using their general treasury funds to "make a contribution or expenditure in connection with any election to any political office.”
— 2 U.S.C. § 441b(e)(3) — 1 case
McConnell v. Fed. Election Comm'n, 251 F. Supp. 2d 176 (D.D.C. 2003). “[8] In addition, under 2 U.S.C. § 441b, corporations and labor unions are prohibited from using their general treasury funds to "make a contribution or expenditure in connection with any election to any political office.”
— 2 U.S.C. § 441b(e)(6)(A) — 1 case
McConnell v. Fed. Election Comm'n, 251 F. Supp. 2d 176 (D.D.C. 2003). “[8] In addition, under 2 U.S.C. § 441b, corporations and labor unions are prohibited from using their general treasury funds to "make a contribution or expenditure in connection with any election to any political office.”
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