29 U.S.C. § 794d

Electronic and information technology

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(a) Requirements for Federal departments and agencies(1) Accessibility(A) Development, procurement, maintenance, or use of electronic and information technologyWhen developing, procuring, maintaining, or using electronic and information technology, each Federal department or agency, including the United States Postal Service, shall ensure, unless an undue burden would be imposed on the department or agency, that the electronic and information technology allows, regardless of the type of medium of the technology—(i) individuals with disabilities who are Federal employees to have access to and use of information and data that is comparable to the access to and use of the information and data by Federal employees who are not individuals with disabilities; and(ii) individuals with disabilities who are members of the public seeking information or services from a Federal department or agency to have access to and use of information and data that is comparable to the access to and use of the information and data by such members of the public who are not individuals with disabilities.(B) Alternative means efforts

When development, procurement, maintenance, or use of electronic and information technology that meets the standards published by the Access Board under paragraph (2) would impose an undue burden, the Federal department or agency shall provide individuals with disabilities covered by paragraph (1) with the information and data involved by an alternative means of access that allows the individual to use the information and data.

(2) Electronic and information technology standards(A) In generalNot later than 18 months after August 7, 1998, the Architectural and Transportation Barriers Compliance Board (referred to in this section as the “Access Board”), after consultation with the Secretary of Education, the Administrator of General Services, the Secretary of Commerce, the Chairman of the Federal Communications Commission, the Secretary of Defense, and the head of any other Federal department or agency that the Access Board determines to be appropriate, including consultation on relevant research findings, and after consultation with the electronic and information technology industry and appropriate public or nonprofit agencies or organizations, including organizations representing individuals with disabilities, shall issue and publish standards setting forth—(i) for purposes of this section, a definition of electronic and information technology that is consistent with the definition of information technology specified in section 11101(6) of title 40; and(ii) the technical and functional performance criteria necessary to implement the requirements set forth in paragraph (1).(B) Review and amendment

The Access Board shall periodically review and, as appropriate, amend the standards required under subparagraph (A) to reflect technological advances or changes in electronic and information technology.

(3) Incorporation of standards

Not later than 6 months after the Access Board publishes the standards required under paragraph (2), the Federal Acquisition Regulatory Council shall revise the Federal Acquisition Regulation and each Federal department or agency shall revise the Federal procurement policies and directives under the control of the department or agency to incorporate those standards. Not later than 6 months after the Access Board revises any standards required under paragraph (2), the Council shall revise the Federal Acquisition Regulation and each appropriate Federal department or agency shall revise the procurement policies and directives, as necessary, to incorporate the revisions.

(4) Acquisition planning

In the event that a Federal department or agency determines that compliance with the standards issued by the Access Board under paragraph (2) relating to procurement imposes an undue burden, the documentation by the department or agency supporting the procurement shall explain why compliance creates an undue burden.

(5) Exemption for national security systems

This section shall not apply to national security systems, as that term is defined in section 11103(a) of title 40.

(6) Construction(A) EquipmentIn a case in which the Federal Government provides access to the public to information or data through electronic and information technology, nothing in this section shall be construed to require a Federal department or agency—(i) to make equipment owned by the Federal Government available for access and use by individuals with disabilities covered by paragraph (1) at a location other than that where the electronic and information technology is provided to the public; or(ii) to purchase equipment for access and use by individuals with disabilities covered by paragraph (1) at a location other than that where the electronic and information technology is provided to the public.(B) Software and peripheral devices

Except as required to comply with standards issued by the Access Board under paragraph (2), nothing in paragraph (1) requires the installation of specific accessibility-related software or the attachment of a specific accessibility-related peripheral device at a workstation of a Federal employee who is not an individual with a disability.

(b) Technical assistance

The Administrator of General Services and the Access Board shall provide technical assistance to individuals and Federal departments and agencies concerning the requirements of this section.

Not later than 6 months after August 7, 1998, the head of each Federal department or agency shall evaluate the extent to which the electronic and information technology of the department or agency is accessible to and usable by individuals with disabilities described in subsection (a)(1), compared to the access to and use of the technology by individuals described in such subsection who are not individuals with disabilities, and submit a report containing the evaluation to the Attorney General.

(d) Reports(1) Interim report

Not later than 18 months after August 7, 1998, the Attorney General shall prepare and submit to the President a report containing information on and recommendations regarding the extent to which the electronic and information technology of the Federal Government is accessible to and usable by individuals with disabilities described in subsection (a)(1).

(2) Biennial reports

Not later than 3 years after August 7, 1998, and every 2 years thereafter, the Attorney General shall prepare and submit to the President and Congress a report containing information on and recommendations regarding the state of Federal department and agency compliance with the requirements of this section, including actions regarding individual complaints under subsection (f).

(e) Cooperation

Each head of a Federal department or agency (including the Access Board, the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, and the General Services Administration) shall provide to the Attorney General such information as the Attorney General determines is necessary to conduct the evaluations under subsection (c) and prepare the reports under subsection (d).

(f) Enforcement(1) General(A) Complaints

Effective 6 months after the date of publication by the Access Board of final standards described in subsection (a)(2), any individual with a disability may file a complaint alleging that a Federal department or agency fails to comply with subsection (a)(1) in providing electronic and information technology.

(B) Application

This subsection shall apply only to electronic and information technology that is procured by a Federal department or agency not less than 6 months after the date of publication by the Access Board of final standards described in subsection (a)(2).

(2) Administrative complaints

Complaints filed under paragraph (1) shall be filed with the Federal department or agency alleged to be in noncompliance. The Federal department or agency receiving the complaint shall apply the complaint procedures established to implement section 794 of this title for resolving allegations of discrimination in a federally conducted program or activity.

(3) Civil actions

The remedies, procedures, and rights set forth in sections 794a(a)(2) and 794a(b) of this title shall be the remedies, procedures, and rights available to any individual with a disability filing a complaint under paragraph (1).

(g) Application to other Federal laws

This section shall not be construed to limit any right, remedy, or procedure otherwise available under any provision of Federal law (including sections 791 through 794a of this title) that provides greater or equal protection for the rights of individuals with disabilities than this section.

(Pub. L. 93–112, title V, § 508, as added Pub. L. 99–506, title VI, § 603(a), Oct. 21, 1986, 100 Stat. 1830; amended Pub. L. 100–630, title II, § 206(f), Nov. 7, 1988, 102 Stat. 3312; Pub. L. 102–569, title V, § 509(a), Oct. 29, 1992, 106 Stat. 4430; Pub. L. 105–220, title IV, § 408(b), Aug. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1203; Pub. L. 106–246, div. B, title II, § 2405, July 13, 2000, 114 Stat. 555.)Editorial NotesCodification

“Section 11101(6) of title 40” substituted in subsec. (a)(2)(A)(i) for “section 5002(3) of the Clinger-Cohen Act of 1996 (40 U.S.C. 1401(3))” and “section 11103(a) of title 40” substituted in subsec. (a)(5) for “section 5142 of the Clinger-Cohen Act of 1996 (40 U.S.C. 1452)” on authority of Pub. L. 107–217, § 5(c), Aug. 21, 2002, 116 Stat. 1303, the first section of which enacted Title 40, Public Buildings, Property, and Works.

Amendments

2000—Subsec. (f)(1)(A). Pub. L. 106–246, § 2405(1), substituted “Effective 6 months after the date of publication by the Access Board of final standards described in subsection (a)(2),” for “Effective 2 years after August 7, 1998,”.

Subsec. (f)(1)(B). Pub. L. 106–246, § 2405(2), substituted “6 months after the date of publication by the Access Board of final standards described in subsection (a)(2).” for “2 years after August 7, 1998.”

1998—Pub. L. 105–220 amended section catchline and text generally. Prior to amendment, text consisted of subsecs. (a) and (b) relating to electronic and information technology accessibility guidelines.

1992—Pub. L. 102–569 amended section generally, substituting present provisions for provisions relating to electronic equipment accessibility guidelines, in consultation with electronic industry, designed to insure individuals with handicaps use of electronic office equipment with or without special peripherals, requiring the Administrator of General Services to adopt guidelines for electronic equipment accessibility established under this section for Federal procurement of electronic equipment, and defining term “special peripherals”.

1988—Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 100–630, § 206(f)(1), inserted “the Director of” before “the National Institute”, struck out “the” before “General Services”, and substituted “individuals with handicaps” for “handicapped individuals”.

Subsec. (a)(3). Pub. L. 100–630, § 206(f)(2), inserted “by the Director of the National Institute on Disability and Rehabilitation Research and the Administrator of General Services in consultation with the electronics industry and the Interagency Committee for Computer Support of Handicapped Employees” after “revised”.

Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 100–630, § 206(f)(3), substituted “an individual with handicaps” for “a handicapped individual”.

Notes of Decisions

Cited in 27 cases (15 in the last 5 years), 2010–2026 · leading case: Jahinnslerth Orozco v. Merrick Garland, 60 F.4th 684 (D.C. Cir. 2023).

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Jahinnslerth Orozco v. Merrick Garland, 60 F.4th 684 (D.C. Cir. 2023). · cites it 15× “16 V Congress amended 29 U.S.C. § 794d to make sure that agencies would fulfill their responsibility to procure technology that allows employees with disabilities to participate fully in the workplace.”

Allied Tech. Grp., Inc. v. United States, 649 F.3d 1320 (Fed. Cir. 2011). · cites it 10× “I respectfully dissent based on my disagreement with the portion of the court's opinion that addresses Monster's compliance with section 508 of the Rehabilitation Act, 29 U.S.C. § 794d. Section 508 requires agencies, when procuring electronic and information technology, to…”

Leiterman v. Napolitano, 60 F. Supp. 3d 166 (D.D.C. 2014). · cites it 6× “Plaintiffs Section 508 Claim Pursuant to Section 508 of the Rehabilitation Act, 29 U.S.C. § 794d: When developing, procuring, maintaining, or using electronic and information technology, each Federal department or agency, including the United States Postal Service, shall ensure,…”

SAI v. Transp. Sec. Admin., 315 F. Supp. 3d 218 (D.C. Cir. 2018). · cites it 2× “Rehabilitation Act Sai first argues that the TSA violated the Rehabilitation Act, 29 U.S.C. § 794d, and E-FOIA, 5 U.S.C. § 552 (a)(3)(B), (C), by failing to release the requested records in a "native, electronic, or § 508 accessible format" and by failing to provide a copy of…”

Distributed Solutions, Inc. v. United States, 106 Fed. Cl. 1 (Fed. Cl. 2012). “29 U.S.C. § 794d. Section 508 compliance was mandatory under subfactor (a) of the technical factor of the solicitation.”

Santos v. McDonough (D.D.C. 2025). · cites it 12× “The remedies for Section 508 (codified at 29 U.S.C. § 794d) are provided through a winding statutory path.”

Palladian Partners, Inc. v. United States, 119 Fed. Cl. 417 (Fed. Cl. 2014). “Section 508 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, P.L. 93-112, 87 Stat. 355 (1973) (added in the Rehabilitation Act Amendments of 1986, P.”

Orozco v. Bondi (D.D.C. 2026). · cites it 7× “Orozco brings a Section 508 claim, as authorized by 29 U.S.C. § 794d. The court will refer to Rehabilitation Act Sections 501, 504, 505, and 508, which correspond to 29 U.”

Orozco v. Wray (D.D.C. 2021). · cites it 5× “Orozco”) brings this suit under Section 508 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 (“Section 508”), codified in 29 U.S.C. § 794d. See Compl., ECF No. 12 ¶ 1.”

Orozco v. Wray (D.D.C. 2025). · cites it 5× “See 29 U.S.C. § 794d. As relevant here, it requires federal agencies to “ensure .”

Clark v. Perdue (D.D.C. 2021). · cites it 4× “See 29 U.S.C. § 794d. It is manifest, therefore, that section 508 provides no express cause of action.”

D'amore v. Small Bus. Admin. (D.D.C. 2024). · cites it 3× “She states that “in light of the language of Section 508, the necessary ‘injury in fact’ is determined by whether Defendant failed to provide Plaintiffs with ‘access to and use of information and data that is comparable to the access to and use of the information and data by…”

Show all 27 citing cases →

— 29 U.S.C. § 794d(a) — 5 cases

Jahinnslerth Orozco v. Merrick Garland, 60 F.4th 684 (D.C. Cir. 2023). “16 V Congress amended 29 U.S.C. § 794d to make sure that agencies would fulfill their responsibility to procure technology that allows employees with disabilities to participate fully in the workplace.”

Werwie v. Mulvaney (D.D.C. 2020).

Orozco v. Wray (D.D.C. 2021). “Orozco”) brings this suit under Section 508 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 (“Section 508”), codified in 29 U.S.C. § 794d. See Compl., ECF No. 12 ¶ 1.”

Lloyd v. Facebook, Inc. (N.D. Cal. 2022).

Hudson (N.D. Ill. 2025).

— 29 U.S.C. § 794d(a)(1)(A) — 9 cases

Allied Tech. Grp., Inc. v. United States, 649 F.3d 1320 (Fed. Cir. 2011). “I respectfully dissent based on my disagreement with the portion of the court's opinion that addresses Monster's compliance with section 508 of the Rehabilitation Act, 29 U.S.C. § 794d. Section 508 requires agencies, when procuring electronic and information technology, to…”

Clark v. Perdue (D.D.C. 2021). “See 29 U.S.C. § 794d. It is manifest, therefore, that section 508 provides no express cause of action.”

Martinez v. Cot'n Wash, Inc. (Cal. Ct. App. 2022).

Ahmed v. Gable (D.D.C. 2023).

— 29 U.S.C. § 794d(a)(1)(A)(i) — 4 cases

Clark v. Perdue (D.D.C. 2019).

Orozco v. Wray (D.D.C. 2021). “Orozco”) brings this suit under Section 508 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 (“Section 508”), codified in 29 U.S.C. § 794d. See Compl., ECF No. 12 ¶ 1.”

Santos v. McDonough (D.D.C. 2025). “The remedies for Section 508 (codified at 29 U.S.C. § 794d) are provided through a winding statutory path.”

— 29 U.S.C. § 794d(a)(1)(A)(ii) — 4 cases

SAI v. Transp. Sec. Admin., 315 F. Supp. 3d 218 (D.C. Cir. 2018). “Rehabilitation Act Sai first argues that the TSA violated the Rehabilitation Act, 29 U.S.C. § 794d, and E-FOIA, 5 U.S.C. § 552 (a)(3)(B), (C), by failing to release the requested records in a "native, electronic, or § 508 accessible format" and by failing to provide a copy of…”

Sai v. Transp. Sec. Admin. (D.D.C. 2018).

Santos v. McDonough (D.D.C. 2025). “The remedies for Section 508 (codified at 29 U.S.C. § 794d) are provided through a winding statutory path.”

— 29 U.S.C. § 794d(a)(2) — 1 case

— 29 U.S.C. § 794d(a)(5) — 3 cases

Orozco v. Wray (D.D.C. 2025). “See 29 U.S.C. § 794d. As relevant here, it requires federal agencies to “ensure .”

Orozco v. Bondi (D.D.C. 2026). “Orozco brings a Section 508 claim, as authorized by 29 U.S.C. § 794d. The court will refer to Rehabilitation Act Sections 501, 504, 505, and 508, which correspond to 29 U.”

— 29 U.S.C. § 794d(a)(l)(A) — 1 case

— 29 U.S.C. § 794d(a)(l)(A)(i) — 1 case

Leiterman v. Napolitano, 60 F. Supp. 3d 166 (D.D.C. 2014). “Plaintiffs Section 508 Claim Pursuant to Section 508 of the Rehabilitation Act, 29 U.S.C. § 794d: When developing, procuring, maintaining, or using electronic and information technology, each Federal department or agency, including the United States Postal Service, shall ensure,…”

— 29 U.S.C. § 794d(f) — 4 cases

Werwie v. Mulvaney (D.D.C. 2020).

Clark v. Perdue (D.D.C. 2021). “See 29 U.S.C. § 794d. It is manifest, therefore, that section 508 provides no express cause of action.”

Santos v. McDonough (D.D.C. 2025). “The remedies for Section 508 (codified at 29 U.S.C. § 794d) are provided through a winding statutory path.”

— 29 U.S.C. § 794d(f)(1)(A) — 2 cases

Orozco v. Wray (D.D.C. 2021). “Orozco”) brings this suit under Section 508 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 (“Section 508”), codified in 29 U.S.C. § 794d. See Compl., ECF No. 12 ¶ 1.”

— 29 U.S.C. § 794d(f)(1)(a) — 1 case

Santos v. McDonough (D.D.C. 2025). “The remedies for Section 508 (codified at 29 U.S.C. § 794d) are provided through a winding statutory path.”

— 29 U.S.C. § 794d(f)(2) — 2 cases

— 29 U.S.C. § 794d(f)(3) — 5 cases

Santos v. McDonough (D.D.C. 2025). “The remedies for Section 508 (codified at 29 U.S.C. § 794d) are provided through a winding statutory path.”

Orozco v. Wray (D.D.C. 2021). “Orozco”) brings this suit under Section 508 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 (“Section 508”), codified in 29 U.S.C. § 794d. See Compl., ECF No. 12 ¶ 1.”

— 29 U.S.C. § 794d(f)(l)(A) — 1 case

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