U.S. Code » Title 47 » Chapter CHAPTER 9— INTERCEPTION OF DIGITAL AND OTHER COMMUNICATIONS › Subchapter SUBCHAPTER I— INTERCEPTION OF DIGITAL AND OTHER COMMUNICATIONS

47 U.S.C. § 1001

Definitions

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For purposes of this subchapter—(1) The terms defined in section 2510 of title 18 have, respectively, the meanings stated in that section.(2) The term “call-identifying information” means dialing or signaling information that identifies the origin, direction, destination, or termination of each communication generated or received by a subscriber by means of any equipment, facility, or service of a telecommunications carrier.(3) The term “Commission” means the Federal Communications Commission.(4) The term “electronic messaging services” means software-based services that enable the sharing of data, images, sound, writing, or other information among computing devices controlled by the senders or recipients of the messages.(5) The term “government” means the government of the United States and any agency or instrumentality thereof, the District of Columbia, any commonwealth, territory, or possession of the United States, and any State or political subdivision thereof authorized by law to conduct electronic surveillance.(6) The term “information services”—(A) means the offering of a capability for generating, acquiring, storing, transforming, processing, retrieving, utilizing, or making available information via telecommunications; and(B) includes—(i) a service that permits a customer to retrieve stored information from, or file information for storage in, information storage facilities;(ii) electronic publishing; and(iii) electronic messaging services; but(C) does not include any capability for a telecommunications carrier’s internal management, control, or operation of its telecommunications network.(7) The term “telecommunications support services” means a product, software, or service used by a telecommunications carrier for the internal signaling or switching functions of its telecommunications network.(8) The term “telecommunications carrier”—(A) means a person or entity engaged in the transmission or switching of wire or electronic communications as a common carrier for hire; and(B) includes—(i) a person or entity engaged in providing commercial mobile service (as defined in section 332(d) of this title); or(ii) a person or entity engaged in providing wire or electronic communication switching or transmission service to the extent that the Commission finds that such service is a replacement for a substantial portion of the local telephone exchange service and that it is in the public interest to deem such a person or entity to be a telecommunications carrier for purposes of this subchapter; but(C) does not include—(i) persons or entities insofar as they are engaged in providing information services; and(ii) any class or category of telecommunications carriers that the Commission exempts by rule after consultation with the Attorney General.(Pub. L. 103–414, title I, § 102, Oct. 25, 1994, 108 Stat. 4279.)Statutory Notes and Related SubsidiariesEffective Date

Pub. L. 103–414, title I, § 111, Oct. 25, 1994, 108 Stat. 4288, provided that:“(a)In General.—Except as provided in subsection (b), this title [enacting this subchapter and provisions set out below] shall take effect on the date of enactment of this Act [Oct. 25, 1994].“(b)Assistance Capability and Systems Security and Integrity Requirements.—Sections 103 and 105 of this title [enacting sections 1002 and 1004 of this title] shall take effect on the date that is 4 years after the date of enactment of this Act.”

Short Title

Pub. L. 103–414, title I, § 101, Oct. 25, 1994, 108 Stat. 4279, provided that: “This title [enacting this subchapter and provisions set out as a note above] may be cited as the ‘Communications Assistance for Law Enforcement Act’.”

Notes of Decisions
Cited in 19 cases, 1996–2016 · leading case: In Re US for an Order Aut. Dis. of Prosp. Cell, 412 F. Supp. 2d 947 (E.D. Wis. 2006).
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In Re US for an Order Aut. Dis. of Prosp. Cell, 412 F. Supp. 2d 947 (E.D. Wis. 2006). · cites it 6× “Finally, there is the Communications Assistance for Law Enforcement Act of 1994 (“CALEA”), 47 U.S.C. § 1001 , et seq. That statute requires telecommunications carriers to ensure that their equipment is capable of providing a law enforcement agency with information to which it…”
In Re United States for an Order Directing a Provider of Elec. Commc'n Serv. to Disclose Records to the Gov't, 534 F. Supp. 2d 585 (W.D. Pa. 2008). · cites it 2× “Communications Assistance for Law Enforcement Act of 1994 (1) Statutory Provisions The Communications Assistance for Law Enforcement Act of 1994 (the “CALEA”), 47 U.S.C. § 1001 et seq., was intended to mandate communications carriers’ acquisition and implementation of…”
Am. Council on Educ. v. Fed. Commc'ns Comm'n, 451 F.3d 226 (D.C. Cir. 2006). · cites it 9× “Compare 47 U.S.C. § 1001 (6) (CALEA), with id. § 153(20) (Telecom Act).”
State v. Mullens, 650 S.E.2d 169 (W. Va. 2007). “The Act is codified at 47 U.S.C.A. § 1001 , et seq. (2001). .The prohibitions under Title III are contained in 18 U.”
In Re the United States of Am. for an Order Authorizing the Release of Prospective Cell Site Info., 407 F. Supp. 2d 134 (D.D.C. 2006). “47 U.S.C. § 1001 (2). 8 . 47 U.S.C. § 1002 (a)(2) 9 .”
State v. Faford, 910 P.2d 447 (Wash. 1996). “4279 (1994) (codified at 47 U.S.C.A § 1001 (Supp.1995)). Even by the State's narrow objective standard, federal law would not serve to indicate the reasonableness of expecting privacy in cordless telephone conversations.”
State v. Faford, 128 Wash. 2d 476 (Wash. 1996). “4279 (1994) (codified at 47 U.S.C.A. § 1001 (Supp. 1995)). Even by the State’s narrow objective standard, federal law would not serve to indicate the reasonableness of expecting privacy in cordless telephone conversations.”
In Re Applic. of US for an Order for Disclosure, 405 F. Supp. 2d 435 (S.D.N.Y. 2005). “Prior to the enactment of the USA PATRIOT act, the District of Columbia Circuit had held in connection with its interpretation of a related statute, 47 U.S.C. § 1001 (2), that because a cell phone sends "signals" to cellphone towers in order to operate, the term "signaling…”
In re Apple, Inc., 149 F. Supp. 3d 341 (E.D.N.Y 2016). “” Apple III at 1 (citing 47 U.S.C. § 1001 (6)). As Apple notes: Under CALEA “information services” means the “offering of a capability for generating, acquiring, storing, transforming, processing, retrieving, utilizing, or making available information via telecommunications,”…”
United States v. Espudo, 954 F. Supp. 2d 1029 (S.D. Cal. 2013). “, to overcome the restrictions of CALEA, 47 U.S.C. § 1001 et seq. See, e.g., 2006 S.”
United States Telecom Ass'n v. Fed. Commc'ns Comm'n, 227 F.3d 450 (D.C. Cir. 2000). · cites it 2× “47 U.S.C. §§ 1001 (8X0®, 1002(b)(2)(A). To ensure efficient and uniform implementation of the Act’s surveillance assistance requirements without stifling technological innovation, CALEA permits the telecommunications industry, in consultation with law enforcement agencies,…”
In Re the United States for an Order Relating to Target Phone 2, 733 F. Supp. 2d 939 (N.D. Ill. 2009). “Additionally, the Communications Assistance for Law Enforcement Act (“CAE-LA”), 47 U.S.C. §§ 1001 et seq., which was enacted in 1994, ten years after the creation of the Pen Register Statute, prohibits the government from acquiring information otherwise available under the Pen…”
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