Va. Code » Title 16.1. Courts Not of Record » Chapter 6. Venue, Jurisdiction and Procedure in Civil Matters » Article 3. Procedure in Civil Cases
Virginia Code

Va. Code Ann. § 16.1-106.1 (2026)

Withdrawal of appeal in civil cases

✓ current as of May 2026
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A. A party who has appealed a final judgment or order rendered by a general district court or a juvenile and domestic relations district court in a civil case may seek to withdraw that appeal at any time.

1. If the appeal has not been perfected by posting a required appeal bond or paying required costs, or within 10 days after entry of the judgment or order when no appeal bond or costs are required to perfect the appeal, the appeal may be withdrawn by filing in the district court that entered the judgment or order and serving, in person or by first-class mail, on all parties or their counsel a written notice of intent to withdraw the appeal. When the appeal is withdrawn in the district court, the judgment or order of the district court shall have the same effect as if no appeal had been noted.

2. After the appeal is perfected by posting a required appeal bond or paying required costs, or after 10 days have elapsed since the entry of the judgment or order when no appeal bond or costs are required to perfect the appeal, an appealing party may request that the appeal be withdrawn by filing in the circuit court and serving, in person or by first-class mail, on all parties or their counsel a written notice of intent to withdraw the appeal.

B. Upon receipt of a notice of intent to withdraw an appeal filed in the circuit court, any party to the appeal, or the circuit court on its own motion, may give notice of a hearing, which shall be scheduled no later than the date set by the circuit court for trial of the appeal. Unless the hearing is scheduled at the time previously set for trial of the appeal, notice of the hearing shall be given, in person or by first-class mail, to all parties or their counsel, any non-party who has posted an appeal bond, and, when appropriate, the Department of Social Services, Division of Child Support Enforcement.

C. At the hearing, the circuit court shall determine whether any party objects to the proposed withdrawal. A party may object to the withdrawal of an appeal by filing in the circuit court and serving, in person or by first-class mail, on all parties or their counsel a written notice of objection to withdrawal of the appeal. If such a written objection is filed and served within a reasonable period after service of the notice of intent to withdraw the appeal, upon a showing of good cause by the party objecting to the withdrawal of the appeal, the circuit court may decline to permit the withdrawal of the appeal. If no such written objection is timely filed, the appeal shall be deemed to be withdrawn and, subject to subsections E and F, the circuit court shall enter an order disposing of the case in accordance with the judgment or order entered in the district court.

D. If a party who has appealed a judgment or order of a district court fails to appear in circuit court either at the time for setting the appeal for trial or on the trial date, the circuit court may, upon the motion of any party, enter an order treating the appeal as withdrawn and disposing of the case in accordance with this section. If no party appears for trial, the court may deem the appeal to be withdrawn without a motion and enter an order disposing of the case in accordance with this section.

E. Upon the withdrawal of an appeal from a general district court, the circuit court shall, upon request of a party who did not appeal the judgment or order, determine whether, as a result of the appeal, a party has a right to additional relief in the circuit court which has accrued since the appeal was noted, including but not limited to attorneys' fees provided for by contract or statute. Subject to any rights of a surety pursuant to § 16.1-110, the circuit court shall also order its clerk to disburse any cash bond posted to perfect the appeal as follows:

1. First, to the clerk of the court to cover taxable costs in the circuit court as provided by statute;

2. Second, to the prevailing party in an amount sufficient to satisfy any judgment or order entered in the general district court and any additional relief granted by the circuit court; and

3. Third, the balance, if any, to the person who posted the bond in the general district court.

In addition, the circuit court shall enter such order as may be appropriate to conclude all matters arising out of the appeal from the general district court.

F. Upon the withdrawal of an appeal from a juvenile and domestic relations district court, the circuit court shall, upon request of a party who did not appeal the judgment or order, determine whether, as a result of the appeal, a party has a right to additional relief in the circuit court which has accrued since the appeal was noted, including but not limited to attorneys' fees provided for by contract or statute. Subject to any rights of a surety pursuant to § 16.1-110, the circuit court shall also order its clerk to disburse any cash bond posted to perfect the appeal as follows:

1. First, to the clerk of the court to cover taxable costs in the circuit court as provided by statute;

2. Second, to the prevailing party in an amount sufficient to satisfy any judgment or order entered in the juvenile and domestic relations district court and any additional relief granted by the circuit court; and

3. Third, the balance, if any, to the person who posted the bond in the juvenile and domestic relations district court.

In addition, the circuit court shall enter such order as may be appropriate to conclude all matters arising out of the petition or motion filed in the juvenile and domestic relations district court and the appeal in circuit court, consistent with the judgment or order entered in the juvenile and domestic relations district court, as modified by the grant of any additional relief by the circuit court pursuant to this subsection. Unless the circuit court orders that the case remain in the circuit court, the case shall be remanded to the juvenile and domestic relations district court for purposes of enforcement and future modification and shall be subject to all the requirements of § 16.1-297.

2008, c. 706.

Notes of Decisions
Cited in 30 cases (11 in the last 5 years), 2008–2025 · leading case: Robert & Bertha Robinson Fam., LLC v. Allen, 810 S.E.2d 48 (Va. 2018).
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Robert & Bertha Robinson Fam., LLC v. Allen, 810 S.E.2d 48 (Va. 2018). · cites it 18× “Code § 16.1-106.1 similarly dissuades us from adopting the tenants' position.”
Spear v. Omary (ORDER), 825 S.E.2d 288 (Va. 2019). · cites it 30× “" And where, as here, an appellant files an uncontested withdrawal request in the circuit court, Code § 16.1-106.1(C) directs the circuit court to "enter an order disposing of the case in accordance with the judgment or order entered in the district court.”
Amanda Jonell Price v. Wise Cnty. Dep't of Soc. Servs. (Va. Ct. App. 2021). · cites it 17× “6 Although we do not reach the merits of mother’s argument, we note that, in Code § 16.1-106.1, the General Assembly expressly refers to JDR courts as “district” courts.”
Kimberly J. Plaster, s/k/a Kimberly J. Ely v. Wise Cnty. Dep't of Soc. Servs. (Va. Ct. App. 2024). · cites it 13× “Counsel for DSS objected to the motion and moved the court to “dismiss [mother’s] appeal,” citing as authority for this procedure Code § 16.1-106.1. That statute provides, in pertinent part, that “[i]f a party who has appealed a judgment or order of a district court fails to…”
Powell v. Rawlings, 78 Va. Cir. 369 (Greensville Cir. Ct. 2009). “1-107 provides: No appeal shall be allowed unless and until the party applying for the same or someone for him shall give bond, in an amount and with sufficient surety approved by the judge or by his clerk if there is one, to abide by such judgment as may be rendered on appeal…”
Renzo Torchiani v. Suzanne Senske (Va. Ct. App. 2020). · cites it 9× “1-298(D), “[i]f an appeal to the circuit court is withdrawn in accordance with § 16.1-106.1, the judgment, order, or decree rendered by the juvenile court shall have the same legal effect as if no appeal had been noted.”
Christina Lynn Stewart v. Harrisonburg Rockingham Soc. Servs. Dist. (Va. Ct. App. 2018). · cites it 8× “-2- Next, the circuit court heard argument regarding the withdrawal of mother’s appeal pursuant to Code § 16.1-106.1 because she failed to appear in court.”
James B. Spear, Jr. v. Nawara T. Omary (Va. Ct. App. 2018). · cites it 7× “In appellant’s view, although the circuit court did not state in its withdrawal order that the case was remanded, “by -3- operation of law,” under Code § 16.1-106.1 (controlling statute), the matter was automatically remanded to the J&DR court.”
Bob Woods Union 76, Inc. v. Alotaibi, 80 Va. Cir. 333 (Roanoke County Cir. Ct. 2010). · cites it 2× “1-107: No appeal shall be allowed unless and until the party applying for the same or someone for him shall give bond, in an amount and with sufficient surety approved by the judge or by his clerk if there is one, to abide by such judgment as may be rendered on appeal if such…”
Ashley Williams v. City of Virginia Beach, Dep't of Human Servs. (Va. Ct. App. 2021). · cites it 6× “” The circuit court dismissed mother’s appeal under Code § 16.1-106.1(D), which provides: If a party who has appealed a judgment or order of a district court fails to appear in circuit court either at the time of setting the appeal for trial or on the trial date, the circuit…”
Noure's LLC v. S & M Convenience Deli, LLC (Va. Ct. App. 2024). · cites it 5× “-2- Code § 16.1-106.1(D) provides: If a party who has appealed a judgment or order of a district court fails to appear in circuit court either at the time of setting the appeal for trial or on the trial date, the circuit court may, upon the motion of any party, enter an order…”
Christina Robinson v. Madison Cnty. Dep't of Soc. Servs. (Va. Ct. App. 2014). · cites it 8× “Robinson argues that the circuit court erred in finding that she received proper notice of the circuit court hearing and in treating her appeal as withdrawn pursuant to Code § 16.1-106.1. For the following reasons, we reverse and remand.”
Show all 30 citing cases →
Va. Code Ann. § 16.1-106.1(A): 2 cases
Robert & Bertha Robinson Fam., LLC v. Allen, 810 S.E.2d 48 (Va. 2018). “Code § 16.1-106.1 similarly dissuades us from adopting the tenants' position.”
Amanda Jonell Price v. Wise Cnty. Dep't of Soc. Servs. (Va. Ct. App. 2021). “6 Although we do not reach the merits of mother’s argument, we note that, in Code § 16.1-106.1, the General Assembly expressly refers to JDR courts as “district” courts.”
Va. Code Ann. § 16.1-106.1(A)(1): 1 case
Robert & Bertha Robinson Fam., LLC v. Allen, 810 S.E.2d 48 (Va. 2018). “Code § 16.1-106.1 similarly dissuades us from adopting the tenants' position.”
Va. Code Ann. § 16.1-106.1(B): 1 case
Elite Child, Inc. v. Thor Gallery at Military Circle, 81 Va. Cir. 400 (Norfolk Cir. Ct. 2010).
Va. Code Ann. § 16.1-106.1(C): 1 case
Spear v. Omary (ORDER), 825 S.E.2d 288 (Va. 2019). “" And where, as here, an appellant files an uncontested withdrawal request in the circuit court, Code § 16.1-106.1(C) directs the circuit court to "enter an order disposing of the case in accordance with the judgment or order entered in the district court.”
Va. Code Ann. § 16.1-106.1(D): 20 cases
Amanda Jonell Price v. Wise Cnty. Dep't of Soc. Servs. (Va. Ct. App. 2021). “6 Although we do not reach the merits of mother’s argument, we note that, in Code § 16.1-106.1, the General Assembly expressly refers to JDR courts as “district” courts.”
Kimberly J. Plaster, s/k/a Kimberly J. Ely v. Wise Cnty. Dep't of Soc. Servs. (Va. Ct. App. 2024). “Counsel for DSS objected to the motion and moved the court to “dismiss [mother’s] appeal,” citing as authority for this procedure Code § 16.1-106.1. That statute provides, in pertinent part, that “[i]f a party who has appealed a judgment or order of a district court fails to…”
Ashley Williams v. City of Virginia Beach, Dep't of Human Servs. (Va. Ct. App. 2021). “” The circuit court dismissed mother’s appeal under Code § 16.1-106.1(D), which provides: If a party who has appealed a judgment or order of a district court fails to appear in circuit court either at the time of setting the appeal for trial or on the trial date, the circuit…”
Noure's LLC v. S & M Convenience Deli, LLC (Va. Ct. App. 2024). “-2- Code § 16.1-106.1(D) provides: If a party who has appealed a judgment or order of a district court fails to appear in circuit court either at the time of setting the appeal for trial or on the trial date, the circuit court may, upon the motion of any party, enter an order…”
Christina Lynn Stewart v. Harrisonburg Rockingham Soc. Servs. Dist. (Va. Ct. App. 2018). “-2- Next, the circuit court heard argument regarding the withdrawal of mother’s appeal pursuant to Code § 16.1-106.1 because she failed to appear in court.”
Va. Code Ann. § 16.1-106.1(E): 1 case
Robert & Bertha Robinson Fam., LLC v. Allen, 810 S.E.2d 48 (Va. 2018). “Code § 16.1-106.1 similarly dissuades us from adopting the tenants' position.”
Va. Code Ann. § 16.1-106.1(F): 4 cases
Spear v. Omary (ORDER), 825 S.E.2d 288 (Va. 2019). “" And where, as here, an appellant files an uncontested withdrawal request in the circuit court, Code § 16.1-106.1(C) directs the circuit court to "enter an order disposing of the case in accordance with the judgment or order entered in the district court.”
Renzo Torchiani v. Suzanne Senske (Va. Ct. App. 2020). “1-298(D), “[i]f an appeal to the circuit court is withdrawn in accordance with § 16.1-106.1, the judgment, order, or decree rendered by the juvenile court shall have the same legal effect as if no appeal had been noted.”
James B. Spear, Jr. v. Nawara T. Omary (Va. Ct. App. 2018). “In appellant’s view, although the circuit court did not state in its withdrawal order that the case was remanded, “by -3- operation of law,” under Code § 16.1-106.1 (controlling statute), the matter was automatically remanded to the J&DR court.”
Kimberly J. Plaster, s/k/a Kimberly J. Ely v. Wise Cnty. Dep't of Soc. Servs. (Va. Ct. App. 2024). “Counsel for DSS objected to the motion and moved the court to “dismiss [mother’s] appeal,” citing as authority for this procedure Code § 16.1-106.1. That statute provides, in pertinent part, that “[i]f a party who has appealed a judgment or order of a district court fails to…”
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