Va. Code » Title 63.2. Welfare (Social Services) » Subtitle III. Social Services Programs » Chapter 12. Adoption » Article 1. General Provisions
Virginia Code

Va. Code Ann. § 63.2-1208 (2026)

Investigations; report to circuit court

✓ current as of May 2026
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A. Upon consideration of the petition, the circuit court shall, upon being satisfied as to proper jurisdiction and venue, immediately enter either an interlocutory order referring the case to a child-placing agency to conduct a visitation and prepare a report of visitation or an order of reference referring the case to a child-placing agency to conduct an investigation and prepare a report of investigation, unless no investigation is required pursuant to this chapter. In agency adoption cases for which an interlocutory order is entered, the petition shall contain the provisional consent of the child-placing agency. The court shall enter the interlocutory order or order of reference concurrently with the entering of an order of publication, if such is necessary. Upon entry of the interlocutory order or order of reference, the clerk shall forward a copy of the interlocutory order or order of reference, the petition, and all exhibits thereto to the Commissioner and the child-placing agency retained to provide investigative, reporting, and supervisory services. If no Virginia agency was retained to provide such services, the interlocutory order or order of reference, petition, and all exhibits shall be forwarded to the local director of social services of the locality where the petitioners reside or resided at the time of filing the petition or had legal residence at the time the petition was filed.

B. Upon receiving a petition and interlocutory order or order of reference from the circuit court, the applicable agency shall make a thorough investigation of the matter and report thereon in writing, in such form as the Commissioner may prescribe, to the circuit court. In cases in which an order of reference was received, the agency shall file a report of investigation with the circuit court within 60 days after the copy of the petition and all exhibits thereto are forwarded. In cases in which an interlocutory order was received, the agency shall file a report of visitation within 30 days after the completion of all placement visits required pursuant to § 63.2-1212. In agency adoption cases, as long as the agency continues to recommend the adoption, the agency shall file its final agency consent with the report. A copy of the applicable report to the circuit court shall be served on the Commissioner by delivering or mailing a copy to him on or before the day of filing such report with the circuit court. On the applicable report to the circuit court there shall be appended either acceptance of service or certificate of the local director, or the representative of the child-placing agency, that copies were served as this section requires, showing the date of delivery or mailing. The circuit court shall expeditiously consider the merits of the petition upon receipt of the applicable report and enter a final order of adoption.

C. If the applicable report is not made to the circuit court within the periods specified, the circuit court may proceed to hear and determine the merits of the petition and enter such order or orders as the circuit court may deem appropriate.

D. The visitation or investigation requested by the circuit court in an interlocutory order or order of reference shall include, in addition to other inquiries that the circuit court may require the child-placing agency or local director to make, inquiries as to (i) whether the petitioner is financially able, except as provided in Chapter 13 (§ 63.2-1300 et seq.), morally suitable, in satisfactory physical and mental health and a proper person to care for and to train the child; (ii) what the physical and mental condition of the child is; (iii) why the parents, if living, desire to be relieved of the responsibility for the custody, care, and maintenance of the child, and what their attitude is toward the proposed adoption; (iv) whether the parents have abandoned the child or are morally unfit to have custody over him; (v) the circumstances under which the child came to live, and is living, in the physical custody of the petitioner; (vi) whether the child is a suitable child for adoption by the petitioner; (vii) what fees have been paid by the petitioners or on their behalf to persons or agencies that have assisted them in obtaining the child; and (viii) whether the requirements of subsections E and F have been met. Any report made to the circuit court shall include a recommendation as to the action to be taken by the circuit court on the petition. A copy of any report made to the circuit court shall be furnished to counsel of record representing the adopting parent or parents. When the investigation reveals that there may have been a violation of § 63.2-1200 or § 63.2-1218, the local director or child-placing agency shall so inform the circuit court and the Commissioner.

E. The applicable report shall include the relevant physical and mental history of the birth parents if known to the person making the report. The child-placing agency or local director shall document in the report all efforts they made to encourage birth parents to share information related to their physical and mental history. However, nothing in this subsection shall require that an investigation of the physical and mental history of the birth parents be made.

F. The applicable report shall include a statement by the child-placing agency or local director that all reasonably ascertainable background, medical, and psychological records of the child, including whether the child has been the subject of an investigation as the perpetrator of sexual abuse, have been provided to the prospective adoptive parent(s). The report also shall include a list of such records provided.

G. The court may enter a final order of adoption under the following circumstances:

1. In cases in which an order of reference was entered and the report of investigation has been received, if (i) the child has been placed in the physical custody of the petitioner by a child-placing agency; (ii) the placing or supervising agency certifies to the circuit court that the child has lived in the physical custody of the petitioner continuously for a period of at least six months immediately preceding the filing of the petition and has been visited by a representative of such agency at least three times within a six-month period, provided that there are not less than 90 days between the first and last visit; and (iii) the court is of the opinion that entry of a final order of adoption would otherwise be proper.

2. In cases in which an interlocutory order was entered and both the report of visitation and final agency consent have been received, if (i) the child has been placed in the physical custody of the petitioner by a child-placing agency; (ii) the placing or supervising agency certifies to the circuit court that the child has been visited by a representative of such agency at least three times within a six-month period, provided that there are not less than 90 days between the first and last visit; and (iii) the court is of the opinion that entry of a final order of adoption would otherwise be proper.

In cases in which the court entered either an interlocutory order or order of reference and the child was placed by a child-placing agency, the circuit court may, for good cause shown, omit the requirement that the three visits be made within a six-month period, provided that not less than three visits were made.

H. If the specific provisions set out in §§ 63.2-1228, 63.2-1238, 63.2-1242 and 63.2-1244 do not apply, the petition and all exhibits shall be forwarded to the local director where the petitioners reside or to a licensed child-placing agency.

Code 1950, §§ 63-348.1, 63-349, 63-356.1; 1950, pp. 441, 626; 1954, c. 489; 1956, cc. 187, 300, 489; 1962, c. 603; 1964, cc. 139, 429; 1968, cc. 346, 578, §§ 63.1-222, 63.1-223, 63.1-231; 1972, c. 823; 1974, cc. 26, 337, 421, 493, 507; 1975, c. 364; 1977, c. 526; 1978, c. 730; 1979 c. 339; 1980, c. 740; 1982, c. 115; 1985, cc. 298, 300; 1986, cc. 481, 482; 1987, c. 482; 1988, cc. 53, 579, 599, 882; 1989, c. 647; 1992, c. 607; 1993, c. 553; 1995, cc. 772, 826; 2000, c. 830, §§ 63.1-219.35, 63.1-219.45, 63.1-219.49, 63.1-219.51; 2002, c. 747; 2003, c. 502; 2006, cc. 825, 848; 2007, c. 446; 2018, c. 694; 2022, c. 377.

Notes of Decisions
Cited in 14 cases (5 in the last 5 years), 2005–2026 · leading case: Copeland v. Todd, 715 S.E.2d 11 (Va. 2011).
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Copeland v. Todd, 715 S.E.2d 11 (Va. 2011). · cites it 8× “) Additionally, Code § 63.2-1208, which sets forth procedures by which a court may order a child-placing agency to conduct an investigation into the adoption and report its findings to the court, also includes considerations that go beyond a mere best interest of the child…”
T.S.G. v. B.A.S., 665 S.E.2d 854 (Va. Ct. App. 2008). · cites it 30× “1 The following day, the court entered the order of publication and an order of reference directing the Mecklenburg County Department of Social Services (DSS) to conduct an investigation of the matter and then report to the court, pursuant to Code § 63.2-1208. Subsequently, the…”
TSG v. Bas, 665 S.E.2d 854 (Va. Ct. App. 2008). · cites it 30× “[1] The following day, the *856 court entered the order of publication and an order of reference directing the Mecklenburg County Department of Social Services (DSS) to conduct an investigation of the matter and then report to the court, pursuant to Code § 63.2-1208.…”
Harshaw v. Bethany Christian Servs., 714 F. Supp. 2d 771 (W.D. Mich. 2010). · cites it 5× “In turn, subsection F states, in its entirety, "The report shall include a statement by the child-placing agency or local director that all reasonably ascertainable background, medical, and psychological records of the child have been provided to the prospective adoptive parent.”
Mast v. A.A. (Va. 2026). · cites it 5× “§ 63.2-1208 and [§] 63.2-1228.” But a final order of adoption requires a “report made pursuant to § 63.”
Tracey Cook & Arthur Cook v. Gary Scott Jensen & Jennifer Debra Springer Jensen (Va. Ct. App. 2020). · cites it 4× “The circuit court entered an order of reference pursuant to Code § 63.2-1208 directing the local Department of Social Services (DSS) to “make a thorough investigation of the matter in accordance with [Code §] 63.”
Lisa J. Yokshas & Scott L. Greaser v. Bristol City Dep't of Soc. Servs. (Va. Ct. App. 2017). · cites it 2× “”); see also Code § 63.2-1208(D)(v) (requiring a child ‐ 9 ‐ placing agency to investigate “the circumstances under which the child came to live, and is living, in the physical custody of the petitioner”).”
Michelina Bonanno v. James LeRoy Quinn, II (Va. Ct. App. 2020). · cites it 2× “Code § 63.2-1208. As 1 The record in this case was sealed.”
Michelina Bonanno v. James LeRoy Quinn, II (Va. Ct. App. 2020). · cites it 2× “Code § 63.2-1208. As 1 The record in this case was sealed.”
J.M. v. A.A. (Va. Ct. App. 2024). · cites it 2× “And the circuit court did refer the adoption to a child-placing agency, the Department of Social Services, as required by Code § 63.2-1208, and appointed a guardian ad litem.”
J.M. v. A.A. (Va. Ct. App. 2024). · cites it 2× “And the circuit court did refer the adoption to a child-placing agency, the Department of Social Services, as required by Code § 63.2-1208, and appointed a guardian ad litem.”
J.M. v. A.A. (Va. Ct. App. 2024). · cites it 2× “And the circuit court did refer the adoption to a child-placing agency, the Department of Social Services, as required by Code § 63.2-1208, and appointed a guardian ad litem.”
Show all 14 citing cases →
— Va. Code Ann. § 63.2-1208(A) — 2 cases
Copeland v. Todd, 715 S.E.2d 11 (Va. 2011). “) Additionally, Code § 63.2-1208, which sets forth procedures by which a court may order a child-placing agency to conduct an investigation into the adoption and report its findings to the court, also includes considerations that go beyond a mere best interest of the child…”
Harshaw v. Bethany Christian Servs., 714 F. Supp. 2d 771 (W.D. Mich. 2010). “In turn, subsection F states, in its entirety, "The report shall include a statement by the child-placing agency or local director that all reasonably ascertainable background, medical, and psychological records of the child have been provided to the prospective adoptive parent.”
— Va. Code Ann. § 63.2-1208(D) — 4 cases
T.S.G. v. B.A.S., 665 S.E.2d 854 (Va. Ct. App. 2008). “1 The following day, the court entered the order of publication and an order of reference directing the Mecklenburg County Department of Social Services (DSS) to conduct an investigation of the matter and then report to the court, pursuant to Code § 63.2-1208. Subsequently, the…”
Copeland v. Todd, 715 S.E.2d 11 (Va. 2011). “) Additionally, Code § 63.2-1208, which sets forth procedures by which a court may order a child-placing agency to conduct an investigation into the adoption and report its findings to the court, also includes considerations that go beyond a mere best interest of the child…”
TSG v. Bas, 665 S.E.2d 854 (Va. Ct. App. 2008). “[1] The following day, the *856 court entered the order of publication and an order of reference directing the Mecklenburg County Department of Social Services (DSS) to conduct an investigation of the matter and then report to the court, pursuant to Code § 63.2-1208.…”
Harshaw v. Bethany Christian Servs., 714 F. Supp. 2d 771 (W.D. Mich. 2010). “In turn, subsection F states, in its entirety, "The report shall include a statement by the child-placing agency or local director that all reasonably ascertainable background, medical, and psychological records of the child have been provided to the prospective adoptive parent.”
— Va. Code Ann. § 63.2-1208(D)(iii) — 2 cases
T.S.G. v. B.A.S., 665 S.E.2d 854 (Va. Ct. App. 2008). “1 The following day, the court entered the order of publication and an order of reference directing the Mecklenburg County Department of Social Services (DSS) to conduct an investigation of the matter and then report to the court, pursuant to Code § 63.2-1208. Subsequently, the…”
TSG v. Bas, 665 S.E.2d 854 (Va. Ct. App. 2008). “[1] The following day, the *856 court entered the order of publication and an order of reference directing the Mecklenburg County Department of Social Services (DSS) to conduct an investigation of the matter and then report to the court, pursuant to Code § 63.2-1208.…”
— Va. Code Ann. § 63.2-1208(D)(v) — 1 case
Lisa J. Yokshas & Scott L. Greaser v. Bristol City Dep't of Soc. Servs. (Va. Ct. App. 2017). “”); see also Code § 63.2-1208(D)(v) (requiring a child ‐ 9 ‐ placing agency to investigate “the circumstances under which the child came to live, and is living, in the physical custody of the petitioner”).”
— Va. Code Ann. § 63.2-1208(E) — 1 case
Copeland v. Todd, 715 S.E.2d 11 (Va. 2011). “) Additionally, Code § 63.2-1208, which sets forth procedures by which a court may order a child-placing agency to conduct an investigation into the adoption and report its findings to the court, also includes considerations that go beyond a mere best interest of the child…”
— Va. Code Ann. § 63.2-1208(F) — 1 case
Harshaw v. Bethany Christian Servs., 714 F. Supp. 2d 771 (W.D. Mich. 2010). “In turn, subsection F states, in its entirety, "The report shall include a statement by the child-placing agency or local director that all reasonably ascertainable background, medical, and psychological records of the child have been provided to the prospective adoptive parent.”
— Va. Code Ann. § 63.2-1208(G) — 1 case
Mast v. A.A. (Va. 2026). “§ 63.2-1208 and [§] 63.2-1228.” But a final order of adoption requires a “report made pursuant to § 63.”
— Va. Code Ann. § 63.2-1208(G)(1) — 1 case
Mast v. A.A. (Va. 2026). “§ 63.2-1208 and [§] 63.2-1228.” But a final order of adoption requires a “report made pursuant to § 63.”
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