Code of Alabama

Ala. Code § 13A-12-231 (2026)

Trafficking in Cannabis, Cocaine, Illegal Drugs, Amphetamine, Methamphetamine, Synthetic Controlled Substances; Penalties.

✓ official Alabama Legislature (ALISON) text, current July 2026

Find cases: SyfertCases citing this section JustiaAla. Code CornellLII Search CasesGoogle Scholar

Except as authorized in Chapter 2, Title 20:

(1) Any person who knowingly sells, manufactures, delivers, or brings into this state, or who is knowingly in actual or constructive possession of, in excess of one kilo or 2.2 pounds of any part of the plant of the genus Cannabis, whether growing or not, the seeds thereof, the resin extracted from any part of the plant, and every compound, manufacture, salt, derivative, mixture, or preparation of the plant, its seeds, or resin including the completely defoliated mature stalks of the plant, fiber produced from the stalks, oil, or cake, or the completely sterilized samples of seeds of the plant which are incapable of germination is guilty of a felony, which shall be known as “trafficking in cannabis.” Nothing in this subdivision shall apply to samples of tetrahydrocannabinols including, but not limited to, all synthetic or naturally produced samples of tetrahydrocannabinols which contain more than 15 percent by weight of tetrahydrocannabinols and which do not contain plant material exhibiting the external morphological features of the plant cannabis. If the quantity of cannabis involved:

a. Is in excess of one kilo or 2.2 pounds, but less than 100 pounds, the person shall be sentenced to a mandatory minimum term of imprisonment of three calendar years and to pay a fine of twenty-five thousand dollars ($25,000).

b. Is 100 pounds or more, but less than 500 pounds, the person shall be sentenced to a mandatory minimum term of imprisonment of five calendar years and to pay a fine of fifty thousand dollars ($50,000).

c. Is 500 pounds or more, but less than 1,000 pounds, the person shall be sentenced to a mandatory minimum term of imprisonment of 15 calendar years and to pay a fine of two hundred thousand dollars ($200,000).

d. Is 1,000 pounds or more, the person shall be sentenced to a mandatory term of imprisonment of life.

(2) Any person who knowingly sells, manufactures, delivers, or brings into this state, or who is knowingly in actual or constructive possession of, 28 grams or more of cocaine or of any mixture containing cocaine, described in Section 20-2-25(1), is guilty of a felony, which shall be known as “trafficking in cocaine.” If the quantity involved:

a. Is 28 grams or more, but less than 500 grams, the person shall be sentenced to a mandatory minimum term of imprisonment of three calendar years and to pay a fine of fifty thousand dollars ($50,000).

b. Is 500 grams or more, but less than one kilo, the person shall be sentenced to a mandatory minimum term of imprisonment of five calendar years and to pay a fine of one hundred thousand dollars ($100,000).

c. Is one kilo, but less than 10 kilos, the person shall be sentenced to a mandatory minimum term of imprisonment of 15 calendar years and to pay a fine of two hundred fifty thousand dollars ($250,000).

d. Is 10 kilos or more, the person shall be sentenced to a mandatory term of imprisonment of life.

(3) Any person, except as otherwise authorized by law, who knowingly sells, manufactures, delivers, or brings into this state, or who is knowingly in actual or constructive possession of, four grams or more of any morphine, opium, or any salt, isomer, or salt of an isomer thereof, including heroin, as described in Section 20-2-23(b)(2) or Section 20-2-25(1)a., or four grams or more of any mixture containing any such substance, or any mixture containing Fentanyl or any synthetic controlled substance Fentanyl analogue, as described in Sections 20-2-23 and 20-2-25, is guilty of a felony, which shall be known as “trafficking in illegal drugs.” If the quantity involved:

a. Is four grams or more, but less than 14 grams, the person shall be sentenced to a mandatory minimum term of imprisonment of three calendar years and to pay a fine of fifty thousand dollars ($50,000).

b. Is 14 grams or more, but less than 28 grams, the person shall be sentenced to a mandatory minimum term of imprisonment of 10 calendar years and to pay a fine of one hundred thousand dollars ($100,000).

c. Is 28 grams or more, but less than 56 grams, the person shall be sentenced to a mandatory minimum term of imprisonment of 25 calendar years and to pay a fine of five hundred thousand dollars ($500,000).

d. Is 56 grams or more, the person shall be sentenced to a mandatory term of imprisonment of life.

(4) Any person who knowingly sells, manufactures, delivers, or brings into this state, or who is knowingly in actual or constructive possession of 1,000 or more pills or capsules of methaqualone, as described in Section 20-2-1, et seq., is guilty of a felony, which shall be known as “trafficking in illegal drugs.” If the quantity involved:

a. Is 1,000 pills or capsules, but less than 5,000 pills or capsules, the person shall be sentenced to a mandatory minimum term of imprisonment of three calendar years and pay a fine of fifty thousand dollars ($50,000).

b. Is 5,000 capsules or more, but less than 25,000 capsules, the person shall be imprisoned to a mandatory minimum term of imprisonment of 10 calendar years and pay a fine of one hundred thousand dollars ($100,000).

c. Is 25,000 pills or more, but less than 100,000 pills or capsules, the person shall be sentenced to a mandatory minimum term of imprisonment of 25 calendar years and pay a fine of five hundred thousand dollars ($500,000).

d. Is 100,000 capsules or more, the person shall be sentenced to a mandatory term of imprisonment of life.

(5) Any person who knowingly sells, manufactures, delivers, or brings into this state, or who is knowingly in actual or constructive possession of 500 or more pills or capsules of hydromorphone, as is described in Section 20-2-1, et seq., is guilty of a felony, which shall be known as “trafficking in illegal drugs.” If the quantity involved:

a. Is 500 pills or capsules or more but less than 1,000 pills or capsules, the person shall be sentenced to a mandatory term of imprisonment of three calendar years and to pay a fine of fifty thousand dollars ($50,000).

b. Is 1,000 pills or capsules or more, but less than 4,000 pills or capsules, the person shall be sentenced to a mandatory term of imprisonment of 10 calendar years and to pay a fine of one hundred thousand dollars ($100,000).

c. Is 4,000 pills or capsules or more but less than 10,000 pills or capsules, the person shall be sentenced to a mandatory term of imprisonment of 25 calendar years and to pay a fine of one hundred thousand dollars ($100,000).

d. Is more than 10,000 pills or capsules, the person shall be sentenced to a mandatory term of life.

(6) Any person who knowingly sells, manufactures, delivers, or brings into this state, or who is knowingly in actual or constructive possession of, 28 grams or more of 3,4-methylenedioxy amphetamine, or of any mixture containing 3,4-methylenedioxy amphetamine, is guilty of a felony, which shall be known as “trafficking in illegal drugs.” If the quantity involved:

d. Is 10 kilos or more, the person shall be sentenced to a mandatory term of imprisonment of life.

(7) Any person who knowingly sells, manufactures, delivers, or brings into this state, or who is knowingly in actual or constructive possession of, 28 grams or more of 5-methoxy-3,4-methylenedioxy amphetamine, or of any mixture containing 5-methoxy-3,4-methylenedioxy amphetamine, is guilty of a felony, which shall be known as “trafficking in illegal drugs.” If the quantity involved:

d. Is 10 kilos or more, the person shall be sentenced to a mandatory term of imprisonment of life.

(8) Any person who knowingly sells, manufactures, delivers, or brings into this state, or who is knowingly in actual or constructive possession of, four grams or more of phencyclidine, or any mixture containing phencyclidine, is guilty of a felony, which shall be known as “trafficking in illegal drugs.” If the quantity involved:

b. Is 14 grams or more, but less than 28 grams, the person shall be sentenced to a mandatory minimum term of imprisonment of five calendar years and to pay a fine of one hundred thousand dollars ($100,000).

c. Is 28 grams or more, but less than 56 grams, the person shall be sentenced to a mandatory minimum term of imprisonment of 15 calendar years and to pay a fine of two hundred fifty thousand dollars ($250,000).

d. Is 56 grams or more, the person shall be sentenced to a mandatory term of imprisonment of life.

(9) Any person who knowingly sells, manufactures, delivers, or brings into this state, or who is knowingly in actual or constructive possession of, four grams or more of lysergic acid diethylamide, or four grams or more of any mixture containing lysergic acid diethylamide, is guilty of a felony, which shall be known as “trafficking in illegal drugs.” If the quantity involved:

d. Is 56 grams or more, the person shall be sentenced to a mandatory term of imprisonment of life.

(10) Any person who knowingly sells, manufactures, delivers, or brings into this state, or who is knowingly in actual or constructive possession of, 28 grams or more of amphetamine or any mixture containing amphetamine, its salt, optical isomer, or salt of its optical isomer thereof, is guilty of a felony, which shall be known as “trafficking in amphetamine.” If the quantity involved:

a. Is 28 grams or more but less than 500 grams, the person shall be sentenced to a mandatory minimum term of imprisonment of three calendar years and to pay a fine of fifty thousand dollars ($50,000).

c. Is one kilo but less than 10 kilos, the person shall be sentenced to a mandatory minimum term of imprisonment of 15 calendar years and to pay a fine of two hundred fifty thousand dollars ($250,000).

d. Is 10 kilos or more, the person shall be sentenced to a mandatory term of imprisonment of life.

(11) Any person who knowingly sells, manufactures, delivers, or brings into this state, or who is knowingly in actual or constructive possession of, 28 grams or more of methamphetamine or any mixture containing methamphetamine, its salts, optical isomers, or salt of its optical isomers thereof, is guilty of a felony, which shall be known as “trafficking in methamphetamine.” If the quantity involved:

d. Is 10 kilos or more, the person shall be sentenced to a mandatory term of imprisonment of life.

(12) Any person who knowingly sells, manufactures, delivers, or brings into this state, or who is knowingly in actual or constructive possession of 56 or more grams of a synthetic controlled substance or a synthetic controlled substance analogue, as described in Section 20-2-23(a)(4) or (5), except for any synthetic controlled substance Fentanyl analogue referenced in subdivision (13), is guilty of a felony, which shall be known as “trafficking in synthetic controlled substances.” If the quantity involved:

a. Is 56 grams or more, but less than 500 grams, the person shall be sentenced to a mandatory minimum term of imprisonment of three calendar years and to pay a fine of fifty thousand dollars ($50,000).

b. Is 500 grams or more, but less than 1 kilo, the person shall be sentenced to a mandatory minimum term of imprisonment of 10 calendar years and to pay a fine of one hundred thousand dollars ($100,000).

d. Is 10 kilos or more, the person shall be sentenced to a mandatory term of imprisonment of life.

(13) Any person, unless otherwise authorized by law, who knowingly sells, manufactures, delivers, or brings into this state, or who is knowingly in actual or constructive possession of, one gram or more of Fentanyl or any synthetic controlled substance Fentanyl analogue, as a single component as described in Sections 20-2-23 and 20-2-25, is guilty of a felony, which shall be known as “trafficking in illegal drugs.” If the quantity involved:

a.1. Is one gram or more, but less than two grams, the person shall be sentenced to a mandatory minimum term of imprisonment of three calendar years and to pay a minimum fine of fifty thousand dollars ($50,000).

2. Is two grams or more, but less than four grams, the person shall be sentenced to a mandatory minimum term of imprisonment of 10 calendar years and to pay a minimum fine of one hundred thousand dollars ($100,000).

3. Is four grams or more, but less than eight grams, the person shall be sentenced to a mandatory minimum term of imprisonment of 25 calendar years and to pay a minimum fine of five hundred thousand dollars ($500,000).

4. Is eight grams or more, the person shall be sentenced to a mandatory term of imprisonment of life and to pay a minimum fine of seven hundred fifty thousand dollars ($750,000).

b.1. Notwithstanding any provision of law, in addition to any penalties provided by law, upon a second conviction of this subdivision, the person shall be sentenced to an additional term of imprisonment of five calendar years, which is not subject to suspension or probation.

2. Upon a third or subsequent conviction of this subdivision, in addition to any penalties provided by law, the person shall be sentenced to an additional term of imprisonment of 10 calendar years, which is not subject to suspension or probation.

(14) In lieu of the weight ranges listed in subdivision (12), a person may instead be charged with trafficking any substance listed in subdivisions (3) and (12) if that person possesses 50 or more individual packages of that substance. The person shall only be sentenced according to the sentence range provision listed in paragraph a. of each subdivision for the specific substance contained in the 50 or more individual packages if charged pursuant to this subdivision, subdivision (15), or subdivision (16), if applicable. In order to charge a person pursuant to this subdivision, the same substance must be contained in each of the 50 or more individual packages.

(15) The felonies of “trafficking in cannabis,” “trafficking in cocaine,” “trafficking in illegal drugs,” “trafficking in amphetamine,” “trafficking in methamphetamine,” and “trafficking in synthetic controlled substances” as defined in subdivisions (1) through (14) shall be treated as Class A felonies for purposes of this title, including sentencing under Section 13A-5-9. Provided, however, that the sentence of imprisonment for a defendant with one or more prior felony convictions who violates subdivisions (1) through (14) shall be the sentence provided therein, or the sentence provided under Section 13A-5-9, whichever is greater. Provided further, that the fine for a defendant with one or more prior felony convictions who violates subdivisions (1) through (14) shall be the fine provided therein, or the fine provided under Section 13A-5-9, whichever is greater.

(16) Notwithstanding any provision of law to the contrary, any person who has possession of a firearm during the commission of any act proscribed by this section shall be punished by a term of imprisonment of five calendar years, which shall be in addition to, and not in lieu of, the punishment otherwise provided, and a fine of twenty-five thousand dollars ($25,000). The court shall not suspend the five-year additional sentence of the person or give the person a probationary sentence.

(Acts 1980, No. 80-587, p. 926; Acts 1986, No. 86-534, p. 1035, §2; Acts 1987, No. 87-708, p. 1246, §2; §20-2-80; transferred to this section by Acts 1988, 1st Ex. Sess., No. 88-918, p. 512, §2(4); Acts 1990, No. 90-389, p. 533, §2; Acts 1991, No. 91-447, p. 817, §1; Acts 1995, No. 95-543, p. 1135, §1; Act 2012-267, p. 517, §2; Act 2014-184, p. 530, §2; Act 2018-552, §1; Act 2023-4, §1.)

Notes of Decisions

Cited in 172 cases (7 in the last 5 years), 1990–2026 · leading case: Lightfoot v. State, 152 So. 3d 434 (Ala. Crim. App. 2012).

Sort: Relevance Newest Treatment

Lightfoot v. State, 152 So. 3d 434 (Ala. Crim. App. 2012). · cites it 21× “At the sentencing hearing, the trial court sentenced Lightfoot to a total of 15 years’ imprisonment for the trafficking conviction, which included the 5-year enhancement in § 13A-12-231(13) for possession of a firearm during the commission of the crime, and ordered Lightfoot to…”

Harmelin v. Michigan, 501 U.S. 957 (1991). · cites it 4× “See Ala. Code §13A-12-231(1) (Supp. 1990). The mandatory minimum sentences vary depending on the particular drug involved and the amount of the drug at issue.”

United States v. Nakey Demetruis White, 837 F.3d 1225 (11th Cir. 2016). · cites it 4× “He had pled guilty to cocaine trafficking in violation of Ala. Code § 13A-12-231 in 2007. 2 . Defendant was convicted in 2001 of second degree robbery in violation of Ala.”

Lightfoot v. State, 152 So. 3d 445 (Ala. 2013). · cites it 19× “Lightfoot was also convicted of the unlawful possession of marijuana in the second degree. *448 The trial court sentenced Lightfoot to one year’s imprisonment for the possession conviction and ordered him to pay a $500 fine.”

Wilson v. State, 830 So. 2d 765 (Ala. Crim. App. 2001). · cites it 13× “86-534, codified at § 13A-12-231, Ala.Code 1975, under which Wilson was charged, is titled the "Drug Baron's Enforcement Act of 1986.”

Browder v. State, 728 So. 2d 1108 (Ala. 1997). · cites it 29× “Section 13A-12-204 has incorporated, without any limitation, the punishment of § 13A-12-231, for any conspiracy that has as its object a crime subject to § 13A-12-231.”

Patterson v. State, 6 So. 3d 35 (Ala. Crim. App. 2008). · cites it 32× “urned against Patterson alleged that Patterson *37 "did knowingly sell, manufacture, deliver, or bring into this state, or was knowingly in actual or constructive possession of any morphine, opium, or any salt, isomer or salt of an isomer, to-wit: 28 grams or more, but less than…”

Brown v. State, 939 So. 2d 957 (Ala. Crim. App. 2005). · cites it 9× “[1] Brown was charged with, and convicted of, trafficking in methamphetamine, a violation of § 13A-12-231(11), Ala.Code 1975, and unlawful manufacture of a controlled substance, methamphetamine, in the first degree, a violation of § 13A-12-218(a), Ala.”

Ex Parte Washington, 818 So. 2d 424 (Ala. 2001). · cites it 10× “The Court of Criminal Appeals has consistently interpreted the various subsections of § 13A-12-231 as requiring the State to prove the knowing possession of the controlled substance, but not knowledge of the actual quantity possessed.”

Williams v. State, 104 So. 3d 254 (Ala. Crim. App. 2012). · cites it 5× “2006), this Court upheld against a double-jeopardy challenge convictions for both trafficking in methamphetamine and manufacturing methamphetamine arising out of the same act or transaction, specifically finding that trafficking in methamphetamine under § 13A-12-231(11), Ala.…”

Davis v. State, 728 So. 2d 192 (Ala. Crim. App. 1997). · cites it 17× “The appellant, Morgan Delano Davis, was convicted for trafficking in marijuana, a violation of § 13A-12-231, Code of Alabama 1975, as charged in the indictment.”

Snowden v. State, 968 So. 2d 1004 (Ala. Crim. App. 2006). · cites it 6× “Code 1975; and two counts of unlawful possession of drug paraphernalia, see § 13A-12-260, Ala.”

Show all 172 citing cases →

— Ala. Code § 13A-12-231(1) — 22 cases

Harmelin v. Michigan, 501 U.S. 957 (1991). “See Ala. Code §13A-12-231(1) (Supp. 1990). The mandatory minimum sentences vary depending on the particular drug involved and the amount of the drug at issue.”

Ex Parte Jenkins, 26 So. 3d 464 (Ala. 2009).

Clemons v. State, 814 So. 2d 317 (Ala. Crim. App. 2001).

Hall v. State, 223 So. 3d 977 (Ala. Crim. App. 2016).

McCart v. State, 765 So. 2d 21 (Ala. Crim. App. 2000).

— Ala. Code § 13A-12-231(1)(a) — 3 cases

State v. Gause, 892 So. 2d 458 (Ala. Crim. App. 2004).

Flake v. State, 980 So. 2d 440 (Ala. Crim. App. 2007).

Pines v. State, 177 So. 3d 463 (Ala. 2015).

— Ala. Code § 13A-12-231(10) — 3 cases

Urioso v. State, 910 So. 2d 158 (Ala. Crim. App. 2005).

Getz v. State, 706 So. 2d 1319 (Ala. Crim. App. 1997).

Scruggs v. State, 599 So. 2d 97 (Ala. Crim. App. 1992).

— Ala. Code § 13A-12-231(11) — 7 cases

Snowden v. State, 968 So. 2d 1004 (Ala. Crim. App. 2006). “Code 1975; and two counts of unlawful possession of drug paraphernalia, see § 13A-12-260, Ala.”

Williams v. State, 104 So. 3d 254 (Ala. Crim. App. 2012). “2006), this Court upheld against a double-jeopardy challenge convictions for both trafficking in methamphetamine and manufacturing methamphetamine arising out of the same act or transaction, specifically finding that trafficking in methamphetamine under § 13A-12-231(11), Ala.…”

Brown v. State, 939 So. 2d 957 (Ala. Crim. App. 2005). “[1] Brown was charged with, and convicted of, trafficking in methamphetamine, a violation of § 13A-12-231(11), Ala.Code 1975, and unlawful manufacture of a controlled substance, methamphetamine, in the first degree, a violation of § 13A-12-218(a), Ala.”

Gibbons v. Dekalb Cnty. Sheriff (N.D. Ala. 2023).

Ex Parte Huffman, 72 So. 3d 1209 (Ala. 2011).

— Ala. Code § 13A-12-231(12) — 9 cases

Hinton v. State, 632 So. 2d 1345 (Ala. Crim. App. 1993).

Lightfoot v. State, 152 So. 3d 434 (Ala. Crim. App. 2012). “At the sentencing hearing, the trial court sentenced Lightfoot to a total of 15 years’ imprisonment for the trafficking conviction, which included the 5-year enhancement in § 13A-12-231(13) for possession of a firearm during the commission of the crime, and ordered Lightfoot to…”

Lightfoot v. State, 152 So. 3d 445 (Ala. 2013). “Lightfoot was also convicted of the unlawful possession of marijuana in the second degree. *448 The trial court sentenced Lightfoot to one year’s imprisonment for the possession conviction and ordered him to pay a $500 fine.”

Ex Parte Washington, 818 So. 2d 424 (Ala. 2001). “The Court of Criminal Appeals has consistently interpreted the various subsections of § 13A-12-231 as requiring the State to prove the knowing possession of the controlled substance, but not knowledge of the actual quantity possessed.”

Vann v. State, 880 So. 2d 495 (Ala. Crim. App. 2003).

— Ala. Code § 13A-12-231(12)(a) — 1 case

Lancaster DeShawn Lewis v. State of Alabama (Ala. Crim. App. 2023).

— Ala. Code § 13A-12-231(13) — 18 cases

Browder v. State, 728 So. 2d 1108 (Ala. 1997). “Section 13A-12-204 has incorporated, without any limitation, the punishment of § 13A-12-231, for any conspiracy that has as its object a crime subject to § 13A-12-231.”

United States v. Nakey Demetruis White, 837 F.3d 1225 (11th Cir. 2016). “He had pled guilty to cocaine trafficking in violation of Ala. Code § 13A-12-231 in 2007. 2 . Defendant was convicted in 2001 of second degree robbery in violation of Ala.”

— Ala. Code § 13A-12-231(14) — 3 cases

Lightfoot v. State, 152 So. 3d 453 (Ala. Crim. App. 2013).

Jackson v. State, 158 So. 3d 484 (Ala. Crim. App. 2013).

— Ala. Code § 13A-12-231(2) — 28 cases

United States v. Nakey Demetruis White, 868 F.3d 1285 (11th Cir. 2017).

— Ala. Code § 13A-12-231(2)(a) — 14 cases

Townsend v. State, 823 So. 2d 717 (Ala. Crim. App. 2001).

Draper v. State, 886 So. 2d 105 (Ala. Crim. App. 2003).

Beavers v. State, 627 So. 2d 1021 (Ala. Crim. App. 1991).

Laster v. State, 747 So. 2d 359 (Ala. Crim. App. 1999).

Wilson v. State, 598 So. 2d 1000 (Ala. Crim. App. 1991).

— Ala. Code § 13A-12-231(2)(c) — 1 case

Cantu v. State, 660 So. 2d 1026 (Ala. 1994).

— Ala. Code § 13A-12-231(2)(d) — 3 cases

United States v. Rivera-Ruperto, 884 F.3d 25 (1st Cir. 2018).

Rios v. State, 188 So. 3d 646 (Ala. 2015).

— Ala. Code § 13A-12-231(2)(e) — 1 case

Cantu v. State, 660 So. 2d 1026 (Ala. 1994).

— Ala. Code § 13A-12-231(3) — 6 cases

Patterson v. State, 6 So. 3d 35 (Ala. Crim. App. 2008). “urned against Patterson alleged that Patterson *37 "did knowingly sell, manufacture, deliver, or bring into this state, or was knowingly in actual or constructive possession of any morphine, opium, or any salt, isomer or salt of an isomer, to-wit: 28 grams or more, but less than…”

Wilson v. State, 830 So. 2d 765 (Ala. Crim. App. 2001). “86-534, codified at § 13A-12-231, Ala.Code 1975, under which Wilson was charged, is titled the "Drug Baron's Enforcement Act of 1986.”

State v. Rodgers, 903 So. 2d 176 (Ala. Crim. App. 2004).

Roddy v. City of Huntsville, 947 F. Supp. 2d 1271 (N.D. Ala. 2013).

William M. Roddy v. City of Huntsville, Alabama, 580 F. App'x 844 (11th Cir. 2014).

— Ala. Code § 13A-12-231(3)(a) — 2 cases

Vann v. State, 880 So. 2d 495 (Ala. Crim. App. 2003).

Smith v. State, 854 So. 2d 1176 (Ala. Crim. App. 2002).

— Ala. Code § 13A-12-231(3)(d) — 2 cases

Wilson v. State, 830 So. 2d 765 (Ala. Crim. App. 2001). “86-534, codified at § 13A-12-231, Ala.Code 1975, under which Wilson was charged, is titled the "Drug Baron's Enforcement Act of 1986.”

State v. Hankins, 155 So. 3d 1043 (Ala. Crim. App. 2013).

— Ala. Code § 13A-12-231(6) — 1 case

Bailey v. State, 67 So. 3d 145 (Ala. Crim. App. 2009).

— Ala. Code § 13A-12-231(7)(a) — 1 case

Posey v. State, 736 So. 2d 661 (Ala. 1999).

— Ala. Code § 13A-12-231(a)(2)(a) — 1 case

Ex Parte Tiller, 796 So. 2d 310 (Ala. 2001).

— Ala. Code § 13A-12-231(l) — 4 cases

J.C. v. State, 882 So. 2d 274 (Ala. 2003).

Clemons v. State, 29 So. 3d 181 (Ala. Civ. App. 2009).

Prince v. State, 736 So. 2d 1144 (Ala. Crim. App. 1999).

Baker v. State, 144 So. 3d 1285 (Ala. 2013).

— Ala. Code § 13A-12-231(l)(a) — 6 cases

Bearden v. State, 649 So. 2d 1297 (Ala. Crim. App. 1993).

Mullis v. State, 627 So. 2d 1078 (Ala. Crim. App. 1992).

Pines v. State, 177 So. 3d 463 (Ala. 2015).

Bearden v. State, 649 So. 2d 1298 (Ala. Crim. App. 1994).

Baker v. State, 144 So. 3d 1292 (Ala. Crim. App. 2013).

— Ala. Code § 13A-12-231(ll) — 3 cases

Snow v. State, 197 So. 3d 549 (Ala. Crim. App. 2015).

Schreiner v. State, 196 So. 3d 1237 (Ala. Crim. App. 2015).

— Ala. Code § 13A-12-231(ll)(a) — 1 case

United States v. Antonio Landaverde-Cruz, 629 F. App'x 854 (11th Cir. 2015).

Annotations are extracted automatically from the opinions in the Syfert caselaw corpus and ranked by authority, recency, and treatment. Dots show Syfertize treatment of the citing case itself.