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The same wrong citation, opinion after opinion. Most start in a template or a form order and get pasted forward for years.
Ranked by opinions that repeat a typo (at least three of the judge's own opinions per typo).
Stafford v. State as 813 S.W.2d 508, not 813 S.W.2d 503
69 opinions, 2009–2020 · 82 opinions print it in all
Manuel v. State as 944 S.W.2d 658, not 994 S.W.2d 658earliest we found
20 opinions, 2001–2007 · 31 opinions print it in all
Anders v. California as 18 L. Ed. 2d 492, not 18 L. Ed. 2d 493earliest we found
11 opinions, 2003–2005 · 20 opinions print it in all
Stafford v. State as 813 S.W.3d 503, not 813 S.W.2d 503earliest we found
7 opinions, 2006–2012 · 13 opinions print it in all
Plus 10 more repeated typos.
Alabama v. Pugh as 348 U.S. 781, not 438 U.S. 781
68 opinions, 2025–2026 · 106 opinions print it in all
Anders v. California as 18 L. Ed. 2d 498, not 18 L. Ed. 2d 493
52 opinions, 2001–2015 · 240 opinions print it in all
Goff v. State as 921 S.W.2d 537, not 931 S.W.2d 537earliest we found
4 opinions, 2004–2005
Griffin v. California as 14 L. Ed. 2d 105, not 14 L. Ed. 2d 106earliest we found
3 opinions, 2006
Mayer v. State as 278 S.W.3d 898, not 274 S.W.3d 898earliest we found
3 opinions, 2010 · 4 opinions print it in all
Plus 1 more repeated typos.
Servants of the Paraclete v. Does as 294 F.3d 1005, not 204 F.3d 1005
23 opinions, 2022–2026 · 30 opinions print it in all
Steffey v. Orman as 451 F.3d 1218, not 461 F.3d 1218
18 opinions, 2022–2026 · 38 opinions print it in all
Jones v. Perkins as 245 U.S. 391, not 245 U.S. 390
6 opinions, 2022–2026 · 14 opinions print it in all
Rael v. Williams as 233 F.3d 1153, not 223 F.3d 1153earliest we found
4 opinions, 2020–2023 · 5 opinions print it in all
Plus 1 more repeated typos.
U.S. Express Lines, Ltd. v. Higgins as 281 F.3d 382, not 281 F.3d 383earliest we found
50 opinions, 2019–2026 · 63 opinions print it in all
Anders v. California as 368 U.S. 738, not 386 U.S. 738
20 opinions, 2017–2025 · 235 opinions print it in all
Commonwealth v. Rojas as 847 A.2d 638, not 874 A.2d 638earliest we found
11 opinions, 2014–2016 · 12 opinions print it in all
Commonwealth v. Johnson as 666 A.2d 691, not 666 A.2d 690earliest we found
6 opinions, 2015–2018
Commonwealth v. Rodgers as 604 A.2d 1228, not 605 A.2d 1228earliest we found
3 opinions, 2019
Vargas v. State as 883 S.W.3d 256, not 883 S.W.2d 256earliest we found
5 opinions, 2004–2005 · 6 opinions print it in all
White v. State as 932 S.W.2d 595, not 932 S.W.2d 593earliest we found
5 opinions, 2004–2008
Natural Gas Clearinghouse v. Midgard Energy Co. as 113 S.W.2d 400, not 113 S.W.3d 400earliest we found
4 opinions, 2005–2007
Stephen P. Sugarbaker, m.d.,appellant/cross-appellee v. Ssm Health Care, D/B/A St. Marys Health Center,cross-Appellant/appellee as 190 F.3d 906, not 190 F.3d 905earliest we found
4 opinions, 2003
Plus 6 more repeated typos.
Ashcroft v. Iqbal as 556 U.S. 661, not 556 U.S. 662earliest we found
36 opinions, 2019–2025 · 39 opinions print it in all
Steffey v. Orman as 451 F.3d 1218, not 461 F.3d 1218earliest we found
16 opinions, 2021–2022 · 38 opinions print it in all
Servants of the Paraclete v. Does as 294 F.3d 1005, not 204 F.3d 1005earliest we found
7 opinions, 2021–2022 · 30 opinions print it in all
Jones v. Perkins as 245 U.S. 391, not 245 U.S. 390earliest we found
4 opinions, 2021–2022 · 14 opinions print it in all
Massey v. Helman as 259 F.3d 642, not 259 F.3d 641earliest we found
4 opinions, 2020–2022 · 9 opinions print it in all
Plus 1 more repeated typos.
Alabama v. Pugh as 348 U.S. 781, not 438 U.S. 781
32 opinions, 2023–2026 · 106 opinions print it in all
Rincon v. State as 615 S.W.2d 726, not 615 S.W.2d 746earliest we found
4 opinions, 2001–2007 · 7 opinions print it in all
Bone v. State as 77 S.W.2d 828, not 77 S.W.3d 828
4 opinions, 2003–2005 · 7 opinions print it in all
Nobles v. State as 843 S.W.3d 503, not 843 S.W.2d 503earliest we found
4 opinions, 2003–2009 · 5 opinions print it in all
Sells v. State as 121 S.W.2d 748, not 121 S.W.3d 748earliest we found
3 opinions, 2006
Plus 5 more repeated typos.
Charise Pepper v. Village of Oak Park and Leonard Donaire as 430 F.3d 806, not 430 F.3d 805earliest we found
30 opinions, 2020–2022 · 64 opinions print it in all
State v. Dehass as 237 N.E.2d 212, not 227 N.E.2d 212earliest we found
29 opinions, 2017–2022 · 42 opinions print it in all
Christi L. Moore v. Jo Anne B. Barnhart as 405 F.3d 1209, not 405 F.3d 1208earliest we found
29 opinions, 2019–2024 · 31 opinions print it in all
Domingo Echevarria v. Secretary of Health and Human Services as 686 F.2d 751, not 685 F.2d 751earliest we found
27 opinions, 2019–2021 · 35 opinions print it in all
Wyatt v. State as 23 S.W.2d 18, not 23 S.W.3d 18
4 opinions, 2005–2007 · 7 opinions print it in all
Wyatt v. State as 23 S.W.3d 28, not 23 S.W.3d 18earliest we found
4 opinions, 2005–2007
D. C. Hall Transport, Inc. v. Hard as 335 S.W.2d 257, not 355 S.W.2d 257earliest we found
4 opinions, 2012
Mount v. State as 217 S.W.3d 717, not 217 S.W.3d 716earliest we found
3 opinions, 2008–2010 · 4 opinions print it in all
Plus 4 more repeated typos.
Porter v. Nussle as 534 U.S. 526, not 534 U.S. 516earliest we found
18 opinions, 2019–2021 · 19 opinions print it in all
Farmer v. Brennan as 511 U.S. 823, not 511 U.S. 825earliest we found
8 opinions, 2019–2020
Commonwealth v. Cartrette as 83 A.3d 1031, not 83 A.3d 1030earliest we found
22 opinions, 2015–2019 · 30 opinions print it in all
State v. Ross as 32 S.W.3d 854, not 32 S.W.3d 853earliest we found
6 opinions, 2003–2010 · 7 opinions print it in all
Butler v. State as 719 S.W.2d 48, not 716 S.W.2d 48earliest we found
4 opinions, 2002–2008
Strickland v. Washington as 104 S. Ct. 1052, not 104 S. Ct. 2052
3 opinions, 2006 · 9 opinions print it in all
Connecticut v. Barrett as 107 S. Ct. 829, not 107 S. Ct. 828earliest we found
3 opinions, 2005–2006 · 4 opinions print it in all
Plus 2 more repeated typos.
Schonewolf v. Callahan as 927 F. Supp. 277, not 972 F. Supp. 277earliest we found
22 opinions, 2019–2022
Ashcroft v. Iqbal as 566 U.S. 662, not 556 U.S. 662
12 opinions, 2024–2025 · 279 opinions print it in all
Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc. as 447 U.S. 242, not 477 U.S. 242
9 opinions, 2024–2025 · 92 opinions print it in all
Darr v. Burford as 399 U.S. 200, not 339 U.S. 200earliest we found
11 opinions, 2022–2026 · 13 opinions print it in all
JoAnn Britt v. Louis DeJoy as 49 F.4th 790, not 45 F.4th 790
9 opinions, 2023–2024 · 24 opinions print it in all
Vincent v. Heckler as 739 F.3d 1393, not 739 F.2d 1393
6 opinions, 2021–2022 · 20 opinions print it in all
Kim Brown-Hunter v. Carolyn W. Colvin as 804 F.3d 487, not 806 F.3d 487earliest we found
5 opinions, 2024–2025 · 8 opinions print it in all
Helen M. Brown, Ssn Ywq-Gs-Yyuu v. Margaret O. Heckler, Secretary of Health & Human Services, Defendant as 713 F.2d 411, not 713 F.2d 441earliest we found
3 opinions, 2019–2021 · 7 opinions print it in all
Harry Franklin v. Ms. Murphy and Hoyt Cupp as 745 F.3d 1221, not 745 F.2d 1221earliest we found
3 opinions, 2019 · 5 opinions print it in all
Plus 1 more repeated typos.
Stephen R. Snead v. Jo Anne B. Barnhart as 360 F.3d 838, not 360 F.3d 834earliest we found
8 opinions, 2017–2018
Ashcroft v. Iqbal as 566 U.S. 662, not 556 U.S. 662
8 opinions, 2022–2024 · 279 opinions print it in all
Yolanda Bediako v. Stein Mart, Inc. A Florida Corporation as 345 F.3d 835, not 354 F.3d 835
3 opinions, 2024 · 7 opinions print it in all
Jesus Garcia Delgado v. Gail Lewis, Deputy Warden Attorney General of the State of California as 233 F.3d 976, not 223 F.3d 976earliest we found
14 opinions, 2019–2021 · 15 opinions print it in all
Thomas FLORES, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. Donna E. SHALALA, Secretary, Health and Human Services, Defendant-Appellee as 42 F.3d 562, not 49 F.3d 562earliest we found
4 opinions, 2021 · 15 opinions print it in all
The same typo across one court's form orders, with no signature to pin it on.
Strickland v. Washington as 466 U.S. 608, not 466 U.S. 668
946 opinions, 2006–2014 · earliest we found: Jimenez, Julio Cesar, Feb 15, 2006
Stafford v. State as 813 S.W.2d 508, not 813 S.W.2d 503
81 opinions, 2003–2020 · earliest we found: Stanley Bazor v. State, Feb 14, 2003
Coppedge v. United States as 269 U.S. 438, not 369 U.S. 438
54 opinions, 2019–2025 · earliest we found: Smith v. Macy's Corporate, Aug 13, 2019
Leopoldo Leon v. Nancy Berryhill as 880 F.3d 1044, not 880 F.3d 1041
43 opinions, 2020–2024 · earliest we found: Petri v. Commissioner of Social Security, Feb 11, 2020
State v. Dehass as 237 N.E.2d 212, not 227 N.E.2d 212
39 opinions, 2017–2022 · earliest we found: State v. Grogan, Jan 17, 2017
Ashcroft v. Iqbal as 556 U.S. 661, not 556 U.S. 662
36 opinions, 2019–2025 · earliest we found: Lynch v. Nowland, Dec 13, 2019
Manuel v. State as 944 S.W.2d 658, not 994 S.W.2d 658
31 opinions, 2001–2007 · earliest we found: in the Interest of A.N.H., a Child, Nov 27, 2001
Commonwealth v. Cartrette as 83 A.3d 1031, not 83 A.3d 1030
30 opinions, 2015–2020 · earliest we found: Com. v. Hall, A., Mar 9, 2015
Martin v. Sargent as 780 F.3d 1334, not 780 F.2d 1334
28 opinions, 2021–2024 · earliest we found: Banks v. Israel, Feb 2, 2021
Hickman v. State as 153 S.W.3d 15, not 153 S.W.3d 16
26 opinions, 2005–2013 · earliest we found: Cumecus R. Cates, Sr. v. State of Tennessee, Aug 10, 2005
Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc. as 91 L. Ed. 2d 201, not 91 L. Ed. 2d 202
26 opinions, 2015–2024 · earliest we found: Brogan v. Family Video Movie Club, Inc., Jan 9, 2015
Commonwealth v. Broaden as 980 A.3d 124, not 980 A.2d 124
23 opinions, 2018–2026 · earliest we found: Com. v. Kehr, II, J., Feb 28, 2018
Anders v. California as 19 L. Ed. 2d 493, not 18 L. Ed. 2d 493
22 opinions, 2011–2022 · earliest we found: In re G.F., Apr 15, 2011
State v. Jenks as 574 N.E.2d 942, not 574 N.E.2d 492
22 opinions, 2011–2014 · earliest we found: State v. Szorady, Apr 14, 2011
Commonwealth v. Busanet as 54 A.3d 34, not 54 A.3d 35
20 opinions, 2015–2020 · earliest we found: Com. v. Giunta, P., II, Nov 23, 2015
Landmark cases cited wrong the same way by courts all over the country. Mostly independent slips, so no names.
| # | Case | Printed | Actually | Opinions |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ashcroft v. Iqbal |
566 U.S. 662 | 556 U.S. 662 | 279 |
| 2 | Anders v. California |
368 U.S. 738 | 386 U.S. 738 | 235 |
| 3 | Strickland v. Washington |
104 S. Ct. 2062 | 104 S. Ct. 2052 | 153 |
| 4 | Miranda v. Arizona |
384 U.S. 486 | 384 U.S. 436 | 109 |
| 5 | Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc. |
447 U.S. 242 | 477 U.S. 242 | 92 |
| 6 | Husky International Electronics, Inc. v. Ritz |
578 U.S. 356 | 578 U.S. 355 | 75 |
| 7 | Johnson v. United States |
135 S. Ct. 2251 | 135 S. Ct. 2551 | 68 |
| 8 | Heck v. Humphrey |
512 U.S. 447 | 512 U.S. 477 | 28 |
We read every citation in the 10.7 million opinions on Syfert. A reporter citation that matched no case was checked against the cases one keystroke away (one digit changed, two neighbouring digits swapped, or the neighbouring series such as F.2d for F.3d). It counts only when the sentence names that real case, and when the real case is cited correctly far more often than the typo.
Then we checked the court's own document. Databases (ours included) get some opinions by OCR, and OCR misreads 3 as 8 and 7 as 1. One Florida “typo” printed in 45 orders turned out to be exactly that: the judges' PDFs have it right. Anything the PDF contradicts, or that we could not check, is left off.
Judges' names link to Ballotpedia (formerly Judgepedia). The judge named is whose opinions carry the typo, read from the signature or the opinion's author line. In a template it is usually a clerk's or a form's keystroke, not the judge's. “Earliest we found” means no earlier opinion in our collection prints it; federal trial-court orders mostly reach us from 2019 on. Spot a mistake? Tell us.
Built October 1, 2026 from the Syfert case-law corpus.