(a) The legislative intent and purpose for this section is to protect the freedom of speech guaranteed by the First Amendment to the United States Constitution and Article 1, Section 4 of the Constitution of Alabama of 1901, to define for the citizens of Alabama the rights and privileges that are accorded them on public school and other public property and at school-related events, and to provide guidance to public school officials on the rights and requirements of law they must apply. Further, the intent and purpose of the Legislature is to properly accommodate the free exercise of religious rights of its student citizens in the public schools and at public school events as mandated by the First Amendment to the United States Constitution and the judicial interpretations thereof as given by the United States Supreme Court.
(b) On public school, other public, or other property, non-sectarian, non-proselytizing student-initiated voluntary prayer, invocations and/or benedictions, shall be permitted during compulsory or non-compulsory school-related student assemblies, school-related student sporting events, school-related graduation or commencement ceremonies, and other school-related student events.
(c) Nothing in this section shall otherwise diminish the right of any student or person to exercise his or her rights of free speech and religion, including prayer, as permitted by the United States Constitution and the Alabama Constitution on public school or other public property, or other property, at times or events other than those stated in subsection (b).
(d) The exercise of these rights on public school or other public property, or on other property for school-related activities, by students or others, shall not be construed to indicate any support, approval, or sanction by the State of Alabama, any political subdivision thereof, municipal corporation, governmental entity of any description, or any agent or employee of any governmental entity of the contents of any such prayer, invocation, benediction, or other activity, or be an unconstitutional use of any public school property or other public property, or be the promotion or establishment of any religion or religious belief.
(Acts 1993, 1st Ex. Sess., No. 93-850, p. 77, §§1-4.)
Notes of Decisions
Cited in
11
cases, 1997–2001 · leading case:
Chandler v. James, 958 F. Supp. 1550 (M.D. Ala. 1997).
Chandler v. James, 958 F. Supp. 1550 (M.D. Ala. 1997).
· cites it 71× “3(b) provides that public school students may engage in student-initiated, non-sectarian [9] , non-proselytizing [10] prayer during compulsory and non-compulsory school-related events. According to the statement of purpose found in subsection (a), the statute is intended "to…”
Chandler v. James, 958 F. Supp. 1550 (M.D. Ala. 1997).
· cites it 58× “3(b) provides that public school students may engage in student-initiated, non-sectarian 9 , non-proselytizing 10 prayer during compulsory and non-compulsory school-related events. According to the statement of purpose found in subsection (a), the statute is intended “to provide…”
Chandler v. James, 985 F. Supp. 1094 (M.D. Ala. 1997).
· cites it 4× “First, in Count One, they challenged Alabama Code section 16-1-20.3 as violative of the First Amendment on its face.”
Chandler v. James, 985 F. Supp. 1068 (M.D. Ala. 1997).
· cites it 14× “Plaintiffs’ Complaint, however, sought not only a declaration that § 16-1-20.3 was unconstitutional, but also relief from the alleged religiously coercive activities of DeKalb County school officials relying on § 16-1-20.”
Chandler v. Siegleman, 180 F.3d 1254 (11th Cir. 1999).
“Ala.Code § 16-1-20.3(b) (1995). In 1996, Michael Chandler, a vice-principal in the DeKalb County school system, and his son Jesse, a student in that system, brought this action challenging the facial validity and the application of this statute in the DeKalb County schools.”
Chandler v. James, 985 F. Supp. 1062 (M.D. Ala. 1997).
· cites it 5× “The Defendant Governor of Alabama, his successors in office, and all those in active concert and participation with him or her are herewith PERMANENTLY ENJOINED from aiding, abetting, commanding, counseling, inducing, ordering, permitting, procuring, or otherwise enforcing the…”
Chandler v. James, 998 F. Supp. 1255 (M.D. Ala. 1997).
· cites it 3× “Copies of the following given to each principal: Permanent Injunction Timeline of Major Required Activities Riley Letter Outline of Permanent Injunction Copy of Alabama Code 16-1-20.3 November 4 — Letter to Gideon’s International with copy of Permanent Injunction attached.”
Chandler v. Siegelman, 248 F.3d 1032 (11th Cir. 2001).
· cites it 2× “1997) (citing Ala.Code 16-1-20.3(a)-(b) (1995)). 2 The district court found this attempt facially unconstitutional under the Establishment Clause.”
Chandler v. Siegleman (11th Cir. 1999).
· cites it 2× “1997) (citing Ala.Code § 16-1-20.3(a)-(b) (1995)).2 The district court found this attempt facially unconstitutional under the Establishment Clause.”
Chandler v. Siegleman (11th Cir. 1999).
· cites it 2× “1997) (citing Ala.Code § 16-1-20.3(a)-(b) (1995)).2 The district court found this attempt facially unconstitutional under the Establishment Clause.”
Chandler v. Siegleman (11th Cir. 1999).
“Ala. Code § 16-1-20.3 (b) (1995). In 1996, Michael Chandler, a vice-principal in the DeKalb County school system, and his son Jesse, a student in that system, brought this action challenging 2 the facial validity and the application of this statute in the DeKalb County schools.”
— Ala. Code § 16-1-20.3(a) — 5 cases
Chandler v. James, 958 F. Supp. 1550 (M.D. Ala. 1997).
“3(b) provides that public school students may engage in student-initiated, non-sectarian [9] , non-proselytizing [10] prayer during compulsory and non-compulsory school-related events. According to the statement of purpose found in subsection (a), the statute is intended "to…”
Chandler v. James, 958 F. Supp. 1550 (M.D. Ala. 1997).
“3(b) provides that public school students may engage in student-initiated, non-sectarian 9 , non-proselytizing 10 prayer during compulsory and non-compulsory school-related events. According to the statement of purpose found in subsection (a), the statute is intended “to provide…”
Chandler v. Siegelman, 248 F.3d 1032 (11th Cir. 2001).
“1997) (citing Ala.Code 16-1-20.3(a)-(b) (1995)). 2 The district court found this attempt facially unconstitutional under the Establishment Clause.”
Chandler v. Siegleman (11th Cir. 1999).
“1997) (citing Ala.Code § 16-1-20.3(a)-(b) (1995)).2 The district court found this attempt facially unconstitutional under the Establishment Clause.”
Chandler v. Siegleman (11th Cir. 1999).
“1997) (citing Ala.Code § 16-1-20.3(a)-(b) (1995)).2 The district court found this attempt facially unconstitutional under the Establishment Clause.”
— Ala. Code § 16-1-20.3(b) — 6 cases
Chandler v. James, 958 F. Supp. 1550 (M.D. Ala. 1997).
“3(b) provides that public school students may engage in student-initiated, non-sectarian [9] , non-proselytizing [10] prayer during compulsory and non-compulsory school-related events. According to the statement of purpose found in subsection (a), the statute is intended "to…”
Chandler v. Siegleman, 180 F.3d 1254 (11th Cir. 1999).
“Ala.Code § 16-1-20.3(b) (1995). In 1996, Michael Chandler, a vice-principal in the DeKalb County school system, and his son Jesse, a student in that system, brought this action challenging the facial validity and the application of this statute in the DeKalb County schools.”
Chandler v. James, 958 F. Supp. 1550 (M.D. Ala. 1997).
“3(b) provides that public school students may engage in student-initiated, non-sectarian 9 , non-proselytizing 10 prayer during compulsory and non-compulsory school-related events. According to the statement of purpose found in subsection (a), the statute is intended “to provide…”
Chandler v. Siegelman, 248 F.3d 1032 (11th Cir. 2001).
“1997) (citing Ala.Code 16-1-20.3(a)-(b) (1995)). 2 The district court found this attempt facially unconstitutional under the Establishment Clause.”
Chandler v. Siegleman (11th Cir. 1999).
“1997) (citing Ala.Code § 16-1-20.3(a)-(b) (1995)).2 The district court found this attempt facially unconstitutional under the Establishment Clause.”
— Ala. Code § 16-1-20.3(c) — 2 cases
Chandler v. James, 958 F. Supp. 1550 (M.D. Ala. 1997).
“3(b) provides that public school students may engage in student-initiated, non-sectarian [9] , non-proselytizing [10] prayer during compulsory and non-compulsory school-related events. According to the statement of purpose found in subsection (a), the statute is intended "to…”
Chandler v. James, 958 F. Supp. 1550 (M.D. Ala. 1997).
“3(b) provides that public school students may engage in student-initiated, non-sectarian 9 , non-proselytizing 10 prayer during compulsory and non-compulsory school-related events. According to the statement of purpose found in subsection (a), the statute is intended “to provide…”
— Ala. Code § 16-1-20.3(d) — 2 cases
Chandler v. James, 958 F. Supp. 1550 (M.D. Ala. 1997).
“3(b) provides that public school students may engage in student-initiated, non-sectarian [9] , non-proselytizing [10] prayer during compulsory and non-compulsory school-related events. According to the statement of purpose found in subsection (a), the statute is intended "to…”
Chandler v. James, 958 F. Supp. 1550 (M.D. Ala. 1997).
“3(b) provides that public school students may engage in student-initiated, non-sectarian 9 , non-proselytizing 10 prayer during compulsory and non-compulsory school-related events. According to the statement of purpose found in subsection (a), the statute is intended “to provide…”
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