In Re Leonard R. Kahn, 441 F.3d 977 (Fed. Cir. 2006). · Go Syfert
In Re Leonard R. Kahn, 441 F.3d 977 (Fed. Cir. 2006). Cases Citing This Book View Copy Cite
194 citation events (194 in the last 25 years) across 31 distinct courts.
Strongest positive: Perfect Web Technologies, Inc. v. InfoUSA, Inc. (cafc, 2009-12-02)
Treatment trajectory · 2006 → 2026 · click a year to view as-of
2006 2016 2026
Top citers, strongest first. 49 distinct citers. How cited ↗
examined Cited as authority (verbatim quote) Perfect Web Technologies, Inc. v. InfoUSA, Inc. (2×) also: Cited "see, e.g."
Fed. Cir. · 2009 · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence high
rejections on obviousness grounds cannot be sustained by mere conelusory statements; instead, there must be some articulated reasoning with some rational underpinning to support the legal conclusion of obviousness.
examined Cited as authority (verbatim quote) Alza Corporation v. Mylan Laboratories (4×) also: Cited as authority (rule), Cited "see"
Fed. Cir. · 2006 · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence high
he 'motivation-suggesting-teaeh-ing' requirement protects against the entry of hindsight into the obviousness analysis.
discussed Cited as authority (quoted) Lkq Corporation v. Gm Global Technology Operations LLC
Fed. Cir. · 2024 · signal: see · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence high
he 'analogous art' test . . . has long been part of the primary graham analysis articulated by the supreme court.
discussed Cited as authority (quoted) Lkq Corporation v. Gm Global Technology Operations LLC
Fed. Cir. · 2024 · signal: see · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence high
he 'analogous art' test . . . has long been part of the primary graham analysis articulated by the supreme court.
discussed Cited as authority (quoted) Netflix, Inc. v. Divx, LLC (2×) also: Cited as authority (rule)
Fed. Cir. · 2023 · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence low
he teaching of the . . . reference is not limited to the specific invention dis- closed.
discussed Cited as authority (quoted) Netflix, Inc. v. Divx, LLC (2×) also: Cited as authority (rule)
Fed. Cir. · 2023 · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence low
he teaching of the . . . reference is not limited to the specific invention dis- closed.
examined Cited as authority (quoted) Apple Inc. v. voip-pal.com, Inc.
Fed. Cir. · 2020 · signal: see · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence high
ejections on obviousness grounds cannot be sustained by mere conclusory statements; in- stead, there must be some articulated reasoning with some rational underpinning to support the legal conclusion of ob- viousness.
discussed Cited as authority (quoted) NetFuel, Inc. v. Cisco Systems Inc.
N.D. Cal. · 2020 · signal: see also · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence low
here must be some 3 articulated reasoning with some rational underpinnings to support the legal conclusion of 4 obviousness.
discussed Cited as authority (quoted) In Re: Conrad
Fed. Cir. · 2019 · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence low
he skilled artisan need not be motivated to combine for the same reason contemplated by the
discussed Cited as authority (quoted) In Re: Theresa
Fed. Cir. · 2018 · signal: see · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence high
he teaching of is not limited to the specific invention disclosed.
examined Cited as authority (quoted) Agri-Labs Holding LLC v. Taplogic, LLC (2×) also: Cited "see"
N.D. Ind. · 2018 · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence low
ejections on obviousness grounds cannot be sustained by mere conclusory statements; instead, there must be some articulated reasoning with some rational underpinning to support the legal conclusion of obviousness.
examined Cited as authority (quoted) In Re: Stepan Company (2×)
unknown court · 2017 · signal: see · quote attribution · 2 verbatim quotes · confidence high
o establish a pri-ma facie case of obviousness based on a combination of elements disclosed in' the prior art, the board must articulate the basis on which it concludes that it would have been obvious to make the claimed invention.
discussed Cited as authority (quoted) In Re Youqing Zhang
Fed. Cir. · 2016 · signal: see · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence high
he teaching of is not limited to the specific invention disclosed.
examined Cited as authority (quoted) In Re Nouvel
Fed. Cir. · 2012 · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence low
ejections on obviousness grounds cannot be sustained by mere conclu- sory statements; instead, there must be some articulated in re nouvel 14 reasoning with some rational underpinning to support the legal conclusion of obviousness.
examined Cited as authority (quoted) Kinetic Concepts, Inc. v. Smith & Nephew, Inc.
Fed. Cir. · 2012 · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence low
a refer- ence may be said to teach away when a person of ordinary skill, upon reading the reference, would be discouraged from following the path set out in the reference, or would be led in a direction divergent from the path that was taken by the applicant.
examined Cited as authority (quoted) In Re Vaidyanathan
Fed. Cir. · 2010 · signal: see · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence high
ejections on obviousness grounds cannot be sustained by mere conclusory statements; instead, there 19 in re vaidyanathan must be some articulated reasoning with some rational underpinning to support the legal conclusion of obvious- ness.
examined Cited as authority (quoted) KSR International Co. v. Teleflex Inc.
SCOTUS · 2007 · signal: see · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence high
rejections on obviousness grounds cannot be sustained by mere conclusory statements; instead, there must be some articulated reasoning with some rational underpinning to support the legal conclusion of obviousness
discussed Cited as authority (rule) In Re: Natural Alternatives, LLC
Fed. Cir. · 2016 · confidence medium
To satisfy this burden, the Board must explain why a person of ordinary skill in the art would have found the prior art to be “reasonably pertinent to the problem with which the inventor was concerned.” Kahn, 441 F.3d at 986-87.
examined Cited as authority (rule) I/P Engine, Inc. v. Aol Inc. (3×) also: Cited "see"
Fed. Cir. · 2014 · confidence medium
Here, in support of its finding of a “strong prima facie case of obviousness,” the majority concludes that “retaining the query for use in filtering combined content and collaborative data was entirely predictable and grounded in common sense.” Majority Op. at 989, 992 (internal quotations omitted). 2 The use of the query is a matter of common sense, the majority explains, “[bjecause the query was readily available and closely correlated to the overall relevance of search results.” Id. at 989.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Intouch Technologies, Inc. v. Vgo Communications, Inc. (2×) also: Cited "see"
Fed. Cir. · 2014 · confidence medium
A reason for combining disparate prior art references is a critical component of an obviousness analysis; “this analysis should be made explicit.” KSR, 550 U.S. at 418 , 127 S.Ct. 1727 (arguments need to provide an “articulated reasoning with some rational underpinning” to make the asserted combinations) (quoting In re Kahn, 441 F.3d at 988.). “[I]t can be important to identify a reason that would have prompted a person of ordinary skill in the relevant field to combine the elements in the way the claimed new invention does ... because inventions in most, if not all, instances rely u…
cited Cited as authority (rule) Ortho-McNeil Pharmaceutical, Inc. v. Kali Laboratories, Inc.
D.N.J. · 2007 · confidence medium
Kahn, 441 F.3d at 986-87; In re Mayne, 104 F.3d 1339, 1341 (Fed.Cir.1997).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Pfizer Inc. v. Teva Pharmaceuticals USA, Inc. (2×) also: Cited "see"
D.N.J. · 2007 · confidence medium
In other words, a pri-ma facie case of obviousness requires the party to “explain the reasons one of ordinary skill in the art would have been motivated to select the references and to combine them to render the claimed invention obvious.” Id. at 986 (internal quotations omitted).
examined Cited as authority (rule) Black & Decker Inc. v. Robert Bosch Tool Corp. (4×) also: Cited "see"
N.D. Ill. · 2007 · confidence medium
Cir.2006) (citing In re Kahn, 441 F.3d at 986).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Optivus Technology, Inc. v. Ion Beam Applications S.A. (2×) also: Cited "see"
Fed. Cir. · 2006 · confidence medium
In considering motivation in an obviousness analysis, we ask “whether a person of ordinary skill in the art, possessed with the understandings and knowledge reflected in the prior art, and motivated by the general problem facing the inventor, would have been led to make the combination recited in the claims.” Kahn, 441 F.3d at 988.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Janssen Pharmaceutica N v. v. Mylan Pharmaceuticals., Inc. (2×)
D.N.J. · 2006 · confidence medium
Kahn, 441 F.3d at 986. a.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Avocent Huntsville Corp. v. Clearcube Technology, Inc. (2×)
N.D. Ala. · 2006 · confidence medium
In re Kahn, 441 F.3d at 986.
examined Cited as authority (rule) Npf, Ltd. v. Smart Parts, Inc. (3×) also: Cited "see"
Fed. Cir. · 2006 · confidence medium
Such testimony does not address the central question in the motivation to combine inquiry — “whether a person of ordinary skill in the art ... would have been led to make the combination recited in the claims.” Kahn, 441 F.3d at 988 (emphasis added).
discussed Cited "see" Kerri Schwegel v. Department of Veterans Affairs
MSPB · 2023 · signal: see · confidence high
Id.; see In re Kahn, 441 F.3d 977 , 985 (Fed.
cited Cited "see" Oxford Immunotec Ltd. v. Qiagen, Inc.
D. Mass. · 2017 · signal: see · confidence high
See id.
discussed Cited "see" Tris Pharma, Inc. v. Actavis Laboratories FL, Inc.
D. Del. · 2017 · signal: see · confidence high
See In re Kahn, 441 F.3d 977 , 990-91 (Fed.
discussed Cited "see" Inre: Biedermann
Fed. Cir. · 2013 · signal: see · confidence high
See In re Kahn, 441 F.3d 977 , 988 (C.A.Fed.2006) (“[Rejections on obviousness grounds cannot be sustained by mere conclusory statements; instead, there must be some articulated reasoning with some rational *336 underpinning to support the legal conclusion of obviousness”).
discussed Cited "see" In Re Vaidyanathan
Fed. Cir. · 2010 · signal: see · confidence high
See KSR, 550 U.S. at 418 , 127 S.Ct. 1727 , citing In re Kahn, 441 F.3d 977 , 988 (Fed.Cir.2006) (“[Rejections on obviousness grounds cannot be sustained by mere conclusory statements; instead, there must be some articulated reasoning with some rational underpinning to support the legal conclusion of obviousness.”).
cited Cited "see" In Re Lackey
Fed. Cir. · 2010 · signal: see · confidence high
See id.
discussed Cited "see" Ball Aerosol & Specialty Container, Inc. v. Limited Brands, Inc.
Fed. Cir. · 2009 · signal: see · confidence high
See In re Kahn, 441 F.3d 977 , 988 (C.A.Fed.2006) (“[Rejections on obviousness grounds cannot be sustained by mere conclusory statements; instead, there must be some articulated reasoning with some rational underpinning to support the legal conclusion of obviousness”).
cited Cited "see" Henrob Ltd. v. Böllhoff Systemtechnick GmbH & Co.
E.D. Mich. · 2008 · signal: see · confidence high
See In re Kahn, 441 F.3d 977 , 988 (Fed.
cited Cited "see" Allan Block Corp. v. County Materials Corp.
D. Minnesota · 2008 · signal: see · confidence high
See In re Kahn, 441 F.3d 977 , 990-91 (Fed.Cir.2006).
discussed Cited "see" Patent Category Corp. v. Target Corp.
C.D. Cal. · 2008 · signal: see · confidence high
See Innogenetics, N.V. v. Abbott Labs., 512 F.3d 1363, 1373 (Fed.Cir.2008) (“[Tjhere must be some articulated reasoning with some rational underpinning to support the legal conclusion of obviousness.”) (quoting In re Kahn, 441 F.3d 977 , 988 (Fed.Cir.2006)).
discussed Cited "see" Rogers v. Desa International, Inc. (2×)
Fed. Cir. · 2006 · signal: see · confidence high
See In re Kahn, 441 F.3d 977 , 987-88 (Fed.Cir. 2006).
discussed Cited "see, e.g." Apple Inc. v. Qualcomm Incorporated
Fed. Cir. · 2021 · signal: see, e.g. · confidence low
See, e.g., In re Kahn, 441 F.3d 977 , 990 (Fed.
cited Cited "see, e.g." Slot Speaker Technologies, Inc. v. Apple Inc.
Fed. Cir. · 2017 · signal: see, e.g. · confidence low
See, e.g., In re Kahn, 441 F.3d 977 , 990 (Fed.
discussed Cited "see, e.g." Liberty Ammunition, Inc. v. United States
Fed. Cl. · 2014 · signal: see also · confidence low
The government has only established that there was a motivation to increase performance in small-arms ammunition, which is “entirely different from [a] motivation to combine particular references.” Innogenetics, 512 F.3d at 1373 (“[K]nowledge of a problem and motivation to solve it are entirely different from motivation to combine particular references.”); see also In re Kahn, 441 F.3d 977 , 988 (Fed.Cir.2006) (“[The test for obviousness] asks ... whether a person of ordinary skill in the art, possessed with the understandings and knowledge reflected in the prior art, and motivated b…
discussed Cited "see, e.g." Alcon Research, Ltd. v. Apotex Inc.
Fed. Cir. · 2012 · signal: see also · confidence low
See KSR, 550 U.S. at 420 , 127 S.Ct. 1727 (stating that it is error to look “only to the problem the patentee was trying to solve”); see also In re Kahn, 441 F.3d 977 , 990 (Fed.Cir.2006) (“[T]he skilled artisan need not be motivated to combine [the prior art] for the same reason contemplated by [the inventor].” (citing In re Beattie, 974 F.2d 1309, 1312 (Fed.Cir.1992) (“[T]he law does not require that the references be combined for the reasons contemplated by the inventor.”))); DyStar Textilfarben GmbH v. C.H.
cited Cited "see, e.g." TriMed, Inc. v. Stryker Corp.
Fed. Cir. · 2010 · signal: see also · confidence low
See also In re Kahn, 441 F.3d 977 , 988 (Fed.Cir.2006) (“[T]here must be some articulated reasoning with some rational underpinning to support the legal conclusion of obviousness.”).
discussed Cited "see, e.g." Sabasta v. Buckaroos, Inc.
S.D. Iowa · 2010 · signal: see also · confidence medium
For each of the claims that he analyzes for obviousness, Dr. Patterson merely lists a number of prior art references and then concludes with the stock phrase “to one skilled in the art it would have been obvious to perform the genotyping method in [claims 1-9 & 12-13] of the '704 patent.” “[T]here must be some articulated reasoning with some rational underpinning to support the legal conclusion of obviousness.” In re Kahn, 441 F.3d 977 , 988 (Fed.Cir.2006); see also KSR Int’l Co. v. Teleflex Inc., 550 U.S. 398 , 127 S.Ct. 1727 , 167 L.Ed.2d 705 (2007) (“To facilitate review, this a…
cited Cited "see, e.g." In Re Tzipori
Fed. Cir. · 2008 · signal: see also · confidence low
“To facilitate review, this [obviousness] analysis should be made explicit.” Id. at 1741; see also In re Kahn, 441 F.3d 977 , 988 (Fed.
discussed Cited "see, e.g." Bally Gaming, Inc. v. Igt
D. Nev. · 2008 · signal: see also · confidence medium
Id. at 1741. “[T]here must be some articulated reasoning with some rational underpinning to support the legal conclusion of obviousness.” In re Kahn, 441 F.3d 977 , 988 (Fed.Cir.2006); see also KSR, 127 S.Ct. at 1741 (“To facilitate review, this analysis should be made explicit.”) (citing Kahn, 441 F.3d at 988).
discussed Cited "see, e.g." Shuffle Master, Inc. v. MP GAMES LLC
D. Nev. · 2008 · signal: see also · confidence medium
Id. at 1741. “[T]here must be some articulated reasoning with some rational underpinning to support the legal conclusion of obviousness.” In re Kahn, 441 F.3d 977 , 988 (Fed.Cir.2006); see also KSR Int’l Co. v. Teleflex Inc., — U.S. —, —, 127 S.Ct. 1727, 1741 , 167 L.Ed.2d 705 (2007) (“To facilitate review, this analysis should be made explicit.”) (citing Kahn, 441 F.3d at 988).
discussed Cited "see, e.g." Innogenetics, N v. v. Abbott Laboratories
Fed. Cir. · 2008 · signal: see also · confidence medium
For each of the claims that he analyzes for obviousness, Dr. Patterson merely lists a number of prior art references and then concludes with the stock phrase “to one skilled in the art it would have been obvious to perform the genotyping method in [claims 1-9 & 12-13] of the '704 patent.” 2 “[T]here must be some articulated reasoning with some rational underpinning to support the legal conclusion of obviousness.” In re Kahn, 441 F.3d 977 , 988 (Fed.Cir.2006); see also KSR Int’l Co. v. Teleflex Inc., — U.S. —, 127 S.Ct. 1727, 1741 , 167 L.Ed.2d 705 (2007) (“To facilitate review,…
cited Cited "see, e.g." Ormco Corporation v. Align Technology
Fed. Cir. · 2006 · signal: see also · confidence medium
WMS Gaming, Inc. v. Int’l Game Tech., 184 F.3d 1339, 1359 (Fed.Cir.1999); see also In re Kahn, 441 F.3d at 990.
Retrieving the full opinion text from the archive…

United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit

ERRATA

March 29, 2006

Appeal No. 04-1616, In Re Kahn

Precedential Opinion

Decided: March 22, 2006

Page 18, footnote 4, “Spinnoble” should be spelled “Sponnoble.”