green
Positive treatment
Quoted verbatim 3×
8.9 score
“opyright infringement is established if the plaintiff proves that it owned the copyrighted material and that the copyrighted material was copied by the defendant.”
Treatment trajectory · 1991 → 2026 · click a year to view as-of
1991
2008
2026
Top citers, strongest first. 47 distinct citers.
How cited ↗
discussed
Cited as authority (quoted)
SportsChannel Associates v. Commissioner of Patents & Trademarks
the characterization of a mark is a factual issue
discussed
Cited as authority (quoted)
ACCU Personnel, Inc. v. AccuStaff, Inc.
the first party to adopt a trademark can assert ownership rights, provided it continuously uses it in commerce
discussed
Cited as authority (quoted)
Jarvis v. a & M RECORDS
opyright infringement is established if the plaintiff proves that it owned the copyrighted material and that the copyrighted material was copied by the defendant.
discussed
Cited "see"
Kevin Demers v. Walter Whittenburg
See Ford Motor Co. v. Summit Motor Prods., Inc., 930 F.2d 277 , 284 (3d Cir.), cert. denied, 502 U.S. 939 , 112 S.Ct. 373 , 116 L.Ed.2d 324 (1991); Young v. Biggers, 938 F.2d 565, 568 (5th Cir. 1991); Moore’s Federal Practice, supra, ¶ -18- 12.09[3].
cited
Cited "see"
Video Pipeline, Inc. v. Buena Vista Home Entertainment, Inc.
See Ford Motor Co. v. Summit Motor Prods., Inc., 930 F.2d 277 , 290 (3d Cir.), cert. denied, 502 U.S. 939 , 112 S.Ct. 373 , 116 L.Ed.2d 324 (1991) (citations omitted).
discussed
Cited "see"
Trans Union LLC v. Credit Research, Inc.
See Intermatic Inc. v. Toeppen, 947 F.Supp. 1227, 1285-36 (N.D.Ill. 1996). “[W]hen a buyer class is mixed, the standard of care to be exercised by the reasonably prudent purchaser will be equal to that of the least sophisticated consumer in the class.” Ford Motor Co. v. Summit Motor Products, Inc., 930 F.2d 277, 293 (3rd Cir.), cert. denied, 502 U.S. 939 , 112 S.Ct. 373 , 116 L.Ed.2d 324 (1991).
cited
Cited "see"
BigStar Entertainment, Inc. v. Next Big Star, Inc.
See Ford Motor Co. v. Summit Motor Products, Inc., 930 F.2d 277, 293 (3d Cir.), cert. denied, 502 U.S. 939 , 112 S.Ct. 373 , 116 L.Ed.2d 324 (1991).
discussed
Cited "see"
Acxiom Corp. v. Axiom, Inc.
See Ford Motor Co. v. Summit Motor Products, Inc ., 930 F.2d 277, 291-93 (3d Cir.), cert. denied, 502 U.S. 939 , 112 S.Ct. 373 , 116 L.Ed.2d 324 (1991); Scott Paper Co. v. Scott’s Liquid Gold, Inc., 589 F.2d 1225, 1228-29 (3d Cir.1978).
discussed
Cited "see"
Smith v. Ames Department Stores, Inc.
See Ford Motor Co. v. Summit Motor Products, Inc., 930 F.2d 277, 291 (3d Cir.1991) (citing Opticians Ass’n of America v. Independent Opticians of America, 920 F.2d 187, 192 (3d Cir.1990), cert. denied sub.nom., 502 U.S. 939 , 112 S.Ct. 373 , 116 L.Ed.2d 324 (1991)).
discussed
Cited "see"
Roginski v. Time Warner Interactive, Inc.
See Ford Motor Co. v. Summit Motor Prods., Inc., 930 F.2d 277 , 290 (3d Cir.), cert. denied, 502 U.S. 939 , 112 S.Ct. 373 , 116 L.Ed.2d 324 (1991); Whelan Assocs. v. Jaslow Dental Lab., 797 F.2d 1222 , 1231 (3d Cir.1986), cert. denied, 479 U.S. 1031 , 107 S.Ct. 877 , 93 L.Ed.2d 831 (1987).
discussed
Cited "see"
A&H Sportswear Co. v. Victoria's Secret Stores, Inc.
See Ford Motor Co. v. Summit Motor Products, Inc., 930 F.2d 277, 292 (3d Cir.1991), cert. denied, 502 U.S. 939 , 112 S.Ct. 373 , 116 L.Ed.2d 324 (1991); Opticians Ass’n v. Independent Opticians, 920 F.2d 187 (3d Cir.1990). 1.
discussed
Cited "see"
WarnerVision Entertainment Inc. v. Empire of Carolina Inc.
See Ford Motor Co. v. Summit Motor Prods., Inc., 930 F.2d 277 , 292 (3d Cir.), cert. denied, 502 U.S. 939 , 112 S.Ct. 373 , 116 L.Ed.2d 324 (1991); La Societe Anonyme des Parfums LeGalion v. Jean Patou, Inc., 495 F.2d 1265, 1271 (2d Cir.1974).
discussed
Cited "see"
Church v. General Motors Corp.
See Lumpkin v. Envirodyne Indus., Inc., 933 F.2d 449, 456 (7th Cir.) (setting forth Illinois law), cert. denied, 502 U.S. 939 , 112 S.Ct. 373 , 116 L.Ed.2d 324 (1991); LaSalle Nat’l Bank v. Service Merchandise Co., 827 F.2d 74, 78 (7th Cir.1987) (applying Illinois law).
discussed
Cited "see"
Eddie D. Church and Cherri Church v. General Motors Corporation, Defendant-Cross-Plaintiff-Appellant v. Power Press Sales Company, Inc., Defendant-Cross-Defendant-Appellee
See Lumpkin v. Envirodyne Indus., Inc., 933 F.2d 449, 456 (7th Cir.) (setting forth Illinois law), cert. denied, 502 U.S. 939 , 112 S.Ct. 373 , 116 L.Ed.2d 324 (1991); LaSalle Nat'l Bank v. Service Merchandise Co., 827 F.2d 74, 78 (7th Cir.1987) (applying Illinois law).
cited
Cited "see"
Schering Corporation v. Food and Drug Administration
See Ford Motor Co. v. Summit Motor Products, Inc., 930 F.2d 277, 284 (3d Cir.), cert. denied sub nom, Altran Corp. v. Ford Motor Co., 502 U.S. 939 , 112 S.Ct. 373 , 116 L.Ed.2d 324 (1991).
discussed
Cited "see"
Pacific Eastern Corp. v. Gulf Life Holding Co.
See Ford Motor Co. v. Summit Motor Prods., Inc., 930 F.2d 277 , 284 (3d Cir.), cert. denied, 502 U.S. 939 , 112 S.Ct. 373 , 116 L.Ed.2d 324 (1991); Young v. Biggers, 938 F.2d 565, 568 (5th Cir.1991); Moore’s Federal Practice, supra, ¶ 12.09[3].
cited
Cited "see"
Caterpillar, Inc. v. Nationwide Equipment
See Ford Motor Co. v. Summit Motor Products, Inc., 930 F.2d 277, 292 (3d Cir.), cert. denied, 502 U.S. 939 , 112 S.Ct. 373 , 116 L.Ed.2d 324 (1991).
discussed
Cited "see"
Microsoft Corp. v. CMOS Technologies, Inc.
See, Ford Motor Co. v. Summit Motor Products Inc., 930 F.2d 277, 291-93 (3d Cir.), cert. denied, 502 U.S. 939 , 112 S.Ct. 373 , 116 L.Ed.2d 324 (1991), and authorities cited therein; Scott Paper Co. v. Scott’s Liquid Gold, Inc., 589 F.2d 1225, 1228-29 (3d Cir.1978).
discussed
Cited "see"
United States v. Harry J. Reese
See United States v. Ruggiero, 928 F.2d 1289, 1300 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, — U.S. -, 112 S.Ct. 372 , 116 L.Ed.2d 324 (1991); United States v. Casamento, 887 F.2d 1141, 1187 (2d Cir.1989), cert. denied, 493 U.S. 1081 , 110 S.Ct. 1138 , 107 L.Ed.2d 1043 (1990).
cited
Cited "see"
United States v. Victor J. Orena, Also Known as Little Vic
See United States v. Ruggiero, 928 F.2d 1289, 1303-04 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, — U.S. -, 112 S.Ct. 372 , 116 L.Ed.2d 324 (1991); Mendel, 746 F.2d at 167 .
cited
Cited "see"
United States v. Juan Fermin, Hector Fermin, and Freddy Fermin
See United States v. Ruggiero, 928 F.2d 1289, 1299 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, — U.S. -, 112 S.Ct. 372 , 116 L.Ed.2d 324 (1991).
discussed
Cited "see"
Fisons Horticulture, Inc., in No. 93-7224 v. Vigoro Industries, Inc., in No. 93-7287
(2×)
“The law of trademark protects trademark owners in the exclusive use of their marks when use by another would be likely to cause confusion.” Interpace Carp, v. Lapp, Inc., 721 F.2d 460, 462 (3d Cir.1983); see, Ford Motor Co. v. Summit Motor Products, Inc., 930 F.2d 277, 291-93 (3d Cir.), cert. denied, — U.S. -, 112 S.Ct. 373 , 116 L.Ed.2d 324 (1991), and authorities cited therein; Scott Paper Co. v. Scott’s Liquid Gold, Inc., 589 F.2d 1225, 1228-29 (3d Cir.1978).
discussed
Cited "see"
Hovis v. United Screen Printers, Inc. (In Re Elkay Industries, Inc.)
See Lumpkin v. Environdyne Indus., Inc., 933 F.2d 449, 460 (7th Cir.1991), cert. denied, — U.S.-, 112 S.Ct. 373 , 116 L.Ed.2d 324 (1991); Boggs v. Blue Diamond Coal Co., 590 F.2d 655, 662-63 (6th Cir.), cert. denied, 444 U.S. 836 , 100 S.Ct. 71 , 62 L.Ed.2d 47 (1979); Picture Lake Campground, Inc. v. Holiday Inns, Inc., 497 F.Supp. 858, 863 (E.D.Va.1980).
cited
Cited "see"
Riley v. Public School System
See Aso Lumpkin v. Envirodyne Indus., Inc., 933 F.2d 449, 456 (7th Cir.), cert denied, 502 U.S._, 112 S. Ct. 373 , 116 L.
cited
Cited "see"
Playboy Enterprises, Inc. v. Frena
See Ford Motor Co. v. Summit Motor Products, Inc., 930 F.2d 277, 291 (3d Cir.1991), cert. denied, — U.S. —, 112 S.Ct. 373 , 116 L.Ed.2d 324 .
cited
Cited "see"
Cushing v. City Of Chicago
See Lumpkin v. Envirodyne Industries, Inc., 933 F.2d 449, 454, 456-57 (7th Cir.), cert. denied, --- U.S. ----, 112 S.Ct. 373 , 116 L.Ed.2d 324 (1991).
cited
Cited "see"
Cushing v. City of Chicago
See Lumpkin v. Envirodyne Industries, Inc., 933 F.2d 449, 454, 456-57 (7th Cir.), cert. denied, — U.S. -, 112 S.Ct. 373 , 116 L.Ed.2d 324 (1991).
discussed
Cited "see"
Lynn E. Anweiler v. American Electric Power Service Corporation and Aetna Life Insurance Company
See Lumpkin v. Envirodyne Indus., Inc., 933 F.2d 449, 455-56 (7th Cir.), cert. denied, — U.S. -, 112 S.Ct. 373 , 116 L.Ed.2d 324 (1991); Nichol v. Pullman Standard, Inc., 889 F.2d 115, 119-21 (7th Cir.1989).
discussed
Cited "see"
Accu Personnel, Inc. v. AccuStaff, Inc.
See Ford Motor Co. v. Summit Motor Products, Inc., 930 F.2d 277, 297 (3d Cir.), reh’g denied en banc, (3d Cir.), and cert. denied, sub nom., Altran Corp. v. Ford Motor Co., — U.S. —, 112 S.Ct. 373 , 116 L.Ed.2d 324 (1991).
cited
Cited "see"
Helen W. ANGUS, Appellant, v. SHILEY INC.
See Ford Motor Co. v. Summit Motor Prods., Inc., 930 F.2d 277 , 284-85 (3d Cir.), cert. denied, — U.S.-, 112 S.Ct. 373 , 116 L.Ed.2d 324 (1991); Rose v. Bartle, 871 F.2d 331, 342 (3d Cir.1989).
discussed
Cited "see"
United States v. Angelina Didomenico
(2×)
A district court may admit the testimony of a qualified expert if his knowledge “will assist the trier of fact to understand the evidence or to determine a fact in issue.” Fed.R.Evid. 702 (rev. ed. 1991); see United States v. Ruggiero, 928 F.2d 1289, 1304 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, — U.S. -, 112 S.Ct. 372 , 116 L.Ed.2d 324 (1991).
discussed
Cited "see"
United Electrical, Radio and MacHine Workers of America v. 163 Pleasant Street Corporation, International Twist Drill (Holdings), Limited, United Electrical, Radio and MacHine Workers of America v. 163 Pleasant Street Corporation
See Lumpkin v. Envirodyne Indus., Inc., 933 F.2d 449, 460-61 (7th Cir.), cert. denied, --- U.S. ----, 112 S.Ct. 373 , 116 L.Ed.2d 324 (1991); United Steelworkers of Am. v. Connors Steel Co., 855 F.2d 1499, 1506-07 (11th Cir.1988), cert. denied, 489 U.S. 1096 , 109 S.Ct. 1568 , 103 L.Ed.2d 935 (1989); Alman v. Danin, 801 F.2d 1, 3-4 (1st Cir.1986); Laborers Clean-Up Contract Admin.
discussed
Cited "see"
United Electrical, Radio & Machine Workers v. 163 Pleasant Street Corp.
See Lumpkin v. Envirodyne Indus., Inc., 933 F.2d 449, 460-61 (7th Cir.), cert. denied, — U.S. -, 112 S.Ct. 373 , 116 L.Ed.2d 324 (1991); United Steelworkers of Am. v. Connors Steel Co., 855 F.2d 1499, 1506-07 (11th Cir.1988), cert. denied, 489 U.S. 1096 , 109 S.Ct. 1568 , 103 L.Ed.2d 935 (1989); Alman v. Danin, 801 F.2d 1, 3-4 (1st Cir.1986); Laborers Clean-Up Contract Admin.
discussed
Cited "see"
United States v. Franklin Almonte
See United States v. Ruggiero, 928 F.2d 1289, 1303 (2d Cir.) (“[W]e review rulings as to authentication for abuse of the district court’s ‘broad discretion.’ ”), cert. denied, — U.S. -, 112 S.Ct. 372 , 116 L.Ed.2d 324 (1991).
cited
Cited "see"
MacLean Associates, Inc. v. Wm. M. Mercer-Meidinger-Hansen, Inc. v. Barry MacLean and Greg Darnley Barry MacLean
See Ford Motor Co. v. Summit Motor Prods., Inc., 930 F.2d 277 , 290 (3d Cir.), cert. denied, — U.S. -, 112 S.Ct. 373 , 116 L.Ed.2d 324 (1991).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
CONGELOSI v. Miller
See Sanchez v. Duncan, 282 F.3d 78 , 83 fn. 4 (2d Cir.2002) (declining to decide whether there is a “clearly established” federal right to be present at voir dire side bar conferences); see also Zaire v. Mitchell, No. 93 Civ. 6626(JG), 1996 WL 82391 , at *3 (S.D.N.Y.1996) (“There is not now, and there never has been, a right guaranteed under the Federal Constitution that a State or Federal defendant be present at a sidebar voir dire of a prospective juror.”) (citing, inter alia, United States v. Ruggiero, 928 F.2d 1289, 1301 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 502 U.S. 938 , 112 S.Ct. 372 , 116 L…
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
In Re Napster, Inc. Copyright Litigation
No. 94-1476, at 62) (original alteration omitted); see also Ford Motor Co. v. Summit Motor Prods., Inc., 930 F.2d 277 , 299 (3d Cir.) (noting that "`[p]ublication' and the exclusive right protected by section 106(3) ... are for all practical purposes[] synonymous"), cert. denied, 502 U.S. 939 , 112 S.Ct. 373 , 116 L.Ed.2d 324 (1991).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
UMG Recordings, Inc. v. Hummer Winblad Venture Partners
No. 94-1476, at 62) (original alteration omitted); see also Ford Motor Co. v. Summit Motor Prods., Inc., 930 F.2d 277 , 299 (3d Cir.) (noting that “ ‘[publication’ and the exclusive right protected by section 106(3) ... are for all practical purposes[ ] synonymous”), cer t. denied, 502 U.S. 939 , 112 S.Ct. 373 , 116 L.Ed.2d 324 (1991).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Eret v. Continental Holding, Inc.
Discussing a fact pattern similar to this case, the Sixth Circuit has held that the “separation from one employer followed by immediate employment with a successor employer” because of the Sale of a plant is not a layoff.' Rowe v. Allied Chemical Hourly Employees’ Pension Plan, 915 F.2d 266, 269 (6th Cir.1990); see also Blank v. Bethlehem Steel Corp., 926 F.2d 1090, 1093-95 (11th Cir.), cert. denied, — U.S. -, 112 S.Ct. 372 , 116 L.Ed.2d 324 (1991); Kotrosits v. GATX Corp. Non-Contributory Pension Plan for Salaried Employees, 970 F.2d 1165, 1176-77 (3d Cir.), cert. denied, — U.S. -, …
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Equal Employment Opportunity Commission v. Ohio Edison Company
See, e.g., Ford Motor Co. v. Summit Motor Products, Inc., 930 F.2d 277, 284 (3d Cir.), cert. denied, - U.S. -, 112 S.Ct. 373 , 116 L.Ed.2d 324 (1991); Rosales v. United States, 824 F.2d 799, 802 (9th Cir.1987); Rogers v. Stratton Industries, Inc., 798 F.2d 913, 915-16 (6th Cir.1986); Fed.R.Civ.P. 12(b).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Birthright v. Birthright, Inc.
(2×)
Opticians Ass’n v. Independent Opticians of Am., 920 F.2d 187, 194 (3d Cir.1990); see also Ford Motor Co. v. Summit Motor Prod., Inc., 930 F.2d 277 , 291 (3d Cir.), cert. denied, — U.S. -, 112 S.Ct. 373 , 116 L.Ed.2d 324 (1991).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
United States v. Mellan
Id. (quoting United States v. Knohl, 379 F.2d 427, 440 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 389 U.S. 973 , 88 S.Ct. 472 , 19 L.Ed.2d 465 (1967)); see also United States v. Ruggiero, 928 F.2d 1289, 1303 (2d Cir.), cert. denied sub nom., Gotti v. United States, — U.S. -, 112 S.Ct. 372 , 116 L.Ed.2d 324 (1991).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
United States v. Millan
Id. (quoting United States v. Knohl, 379 F.2d 427, 440 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 389 U.S. 973 , 88 S.Ct. 472 , 19 L.Ed.2d 465 (1967)); see also United States v. Ruggiero, 928 F.2d 1289, 1303 (2d Cir.), cert. denied sub nom., Gotti v. United States, ___ U.S. ___, 112 S.Ct. 372 , 116 L.Ed.2d 324 (1991).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Cross-Appellant v. mcneil-p.p.c., Inc., Cross-Appellee
See, e.g., Ford Motor Co. v. Summit Motor Products, 930 F.2d 277 , 292 n. 18 (3d Cir.) (“The characterization of a mark is a factual issue.”) (citations omitted), cert. denied, — U.S. -, 112 S.Ct. 373 , 116 L.Ed.2d 324 (1991); G.
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Kotrosits v. GATX Corp. Non-Contributory Pension Plan for Salaried Employees
See, e.g., Blank v. Bethlehem Steel Corp., 926 F.2d 1090, 1092 (11th Cir.1991) (upholding administrator’s decision that early retirement benefits triggered by “layoff or disability” were not available where claimants continued in same job with successor employer), cert. denied, — U.S. —, 112 S.Ct. 372 , 116 L.Ed.2d 324 (1991); Rowe v. Allied Chem.
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Edwin Kotrosits v. Gatx Corporation Non-Contributory Pension Plan For Salaried Employees
See, e.g., Blank v. Bethlehem Steel Corp., 926 F.2d 1090, 1092 (11th Cir.1991) (upholding administrator's decision that early retirement benefits triggered by "layoff or disability" were not available where claimants continued in same job with successor employer), cert. denied, --- U.S. ----, 112 S.Ct. 372 , 116 L.Ed.2d 324 (1991); Rowe v. Allied Chem.
Retrieving the full opinion text from the archive…
Gotti
v.
United States
v.
United States
No. 91-256.
Supreme Court of the United States.
Nov 4, 1991.
Cited by 6 opinions | Published
C. A. 2d Cir. Certiorari denied.