green
Positive treatment
Quoted verbatim 2×
7.7 score
“when one knowingly joins a conspiracy in progress he is responsible for acts of the conspiracy occurring before or after his association with it.”
Treatment trajectory · 1979 → 2026 · click a year to view as-of
1979
2002
2026
Top citers, strongest first. 29 distinct citers.
How cited ↗
discussed
Cited as authority (quoted)
United States v. Robert Covelli, David Frederick and Darwin Murray
when one knowingly joins a conspiracy in progress he is responsible for acts of the conspiracy occurring before or after his association with it.
discussed
Cited as authority (quoted)
United States v. Frank Russell, Eugene Van Aernam, John L. Dixon and Jack Murphy
whether a scheme is one conspiracy or several is primarily a question for the jury
discussed
Cited as authority (rule)
United States v. Antonio Lavere Thomas
The omnibus clause is broad enough to encompass “any act committed corruptly, in an endeavor to impede or obstruct justice.” Brand, 775 F.2d at 1465; see United States v. Silverman, 745 F.2d 1386, 1393 (11th Cir.1984); United States v. Griffin, 589 F.2d 200, 203 (5th Cir.), cert. denied, 444 U.S. 825 , 100 S.Ct. 48 , 62 L.Ed.2d 32 *651 (1979). 4 In order to convict an individual under the omnibus clause, the government must prove that he (1) corruptly or by threats, (2) endeavored, (3) to influence, obstruct, or impede the due administration of justice.
discussed
Cited "see"
United States v. Neal
See United States v. Michel, 588 F.2d 986, 1001 (5th Cir.1979) (noting that a remand would not be necessary if "it is clear that the conviction for conspiracy did not lead the trial court to impose a harsher sentence on the greater offense than he would have in the absence of the lesser conviction"), cert. denied, 444 U.S. 825 , 100 S.Ct. 47 , 62 L.Ed.2d 32 (1979); see also Gonzalez-Balderas, 11 F.3d at 1225 .
discussed
Cited "see"
United States v. Neal
See United States v. Michel, 588 F.2d 986, 1001 (5th Cir.1979) (noting that a remand would not be necessary if “it is clear that the conviction for conspiracy did not lead the trial court to impose a harsher sentence on the greater offense than he would have in the absence of the lesser conviction”), cert. denied, 444 U.S. 825 , 100 S.Ct. 47 , 62 L.Ed.2d 32 (1979); see also Gonzalez-Balderas, 11 F.3d at 1225 .
discussed
Cited "see"
United States v. Paul D. Wood
See United States v. Griffin, 589 F.2d 200, 204 (5th Cir.) (stating that a perjurious grand jury witness can impede justice by “delaying the punishment of the guilty.”), cert. denied 444 U.S. 825 , 100 S.Ct. 48 , 62 L.Ed.2d 32 (1979).
cited
Cited "see"
United States v. Andrew Jackson Smith, Isaac Hicks, Samuel Smith, James Sawyer
See U.S. v. Harris, 908 F.2d 728 , at 736-737 (11th Cir.1990) (citing U.S. v. Michel, 588 F.2d 986, 1001 (5th Cir.), cert. denied, 444 U.S. 825 , 100 S.Ct. 47 , 62 L.Ed.2d 32 (1979)). 4 .
cited
Cited "see"
United States v. Roberto Gonzales and Stewart McGlinchey
See U.S. v. Michel, 588 F.2d 986, 1001 (5th Cir.), cert. denied, 444 U.S. 825 , 100 S.Ct. 47 , 62 L.Ed.2d 32 (1979).
discussed
Cited "see"
United States v. Frederick Graewe (83-3289/3803), Angelo A. Lonardo (83-3339), Harmut Graewe (83-3290/3804)
See United States v. Michel, 588 F.2d 986, 999 (5th Cir.), cert. denied 444 U.S. 825 , 100 S.Ct. 47 , 62 L.Ed.2d 32 (1979); United States v. Jones, 763 F.2d 518, 524-25 (2d Cir.1985); United States v. Adamo, 742 F.2d 927, 933 (6th Cir.1984), cert. denied — U.S. —, 105 S.Ct. 971 , 83 L.Ed.2d 975 (1985).
discussed
Cited "see"
United States v. Constance Haas Meester, Jeanne Sanfratello Tumulty, Robert Haas, Edward Conrad Sawyer
See United States v. Michel, 588 F.2d 986, 1002 (5th Cir.) (one who knowingly joins a conspiracy is liable for the acts of his coconspirators occurring before his association with the conspiracy), cert. denied, 444 U.S. 825 , 100 S.Ct. 47 , 62 L.Ed.2d 32 (1979); United States v. Reynolds, 511 F.2d 603, 607 (5th Cir.1975) (same).
cited
Cited "see"
United States v. Walter Lewis Clark, Iii, and George R. Newton, Moody Nichols, Defendants
See United States v. Michel, 588 F.2d 986, 1002-03 (5th Cir.), cert. denied, 444 U.S. 825 , 100 S.Ct. 47 , 62 L.Ed.2d 32 (1979). 20 .
cited
Cited "see"
United States v. John Carmine Mastrangelo, A/K/A John A. Marino, A/K/A John James Rossi
See United States v. Michel, 588 F.2d 986, 997 (5th Cir.), cert. denied, 444 U.S. 825 , 100 S.Ct. 47 , 62 L.Ed.2d 32 (1979).
discussed
Cited "see"
Tarrant v. Ponte
See United States v. Michel, 588 F.2d 986, 1001 (5th Cir.), cert. denied, 444 U.S. 825 , 100 S.Ct. 47 , 62 L.Ed.2d 32 (1979); United States v. Buckley, 586 F.2d 498, 505 (5th Cir.1978), cert. denied, 440 U.S. 982 , 99 S.Ct. 1792 , 60 L.Ed.2d 242 (1979); United States v. Slutsky, 487 F.2d 832 , 845 n. 18 (2d Cir.1973), cert. denied, 416 U.S. 937 , 94 S.Ct. 1937 , 40 L.Ed.2d 287 (1974).
discussed
Cited "see"
United States v. Harvey
See United States v. Michel, 588 F.2d 986, 1000 (5th Cir.), cert. denied, 444 U.S. 825 , 100 S.Ct. 47 , 62 L.Ed.2d 32 (1979); United States v. Johnson, 575 F.2d 1347 (5th Cir. 1978), cert. denied, 440 U.S. 907 , 99 S.Ct. 1214 , 59 L.Ed.2d 454 (1979); United States v. Sperling, 506 F.2d 1323, 1344 (2d Cir. 1974), cert. denied, 420 U.S. 962 , 95 S.Ct. 1351 , 43 L.Ed.2d 439 (1975).
discussed
Cited "see"
Brown v. Commonwealth
Accord, United States v. Michel, 588 F.2d 986, 1001 (5th Cir.), cert. denied, 444 U.S. 825 , 100 S.Ct. 47 , 62 L.Ed.2d 32 (1979); United States v. Edmonds, 524 F.2d 62 , 64 n. 7 (D.C.Cir.1975); United States v. Rosenthal, 454 F.2d 1252 , 1255 n. 2 (2nd Cir.), cert. denied, 406 U.S. 931 , 92 S.Ct. 1801 , 32 L.Ed.2d 134 (1972).
discussed
Cited "see"
United States v. Holland
See United States v. Michel, 588 F.2d 986, 995 (5th Cir.), cert. denied, 444 U.S. 825 , 100 S.Ct. 47 , 62 L.Ed.2d 32 (1979); United States v. Kearney, 560 F.2d 1358, 1362 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 434 U.S. 971 , 98 S.Ct. 522 , 54 L.Ed.2d 460 (1977).
cited
Cited "see"
United States v. Tomas L. Varkonyi
See United States v. Michel, 588 F.2d 986, 997 (5th Cir. 1979), cert. denied, -U.S.-, 100 S.Ct. 47 , 62 L.Ed.2d 32 (1979).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
United States v. Muniz
Compare United States v. Griffin, 589 F.2d 200 (5th Cir.1979) (false grand jury testimony may amount to obstruction of justice), cert. denied, 444 U.S. 825 , 100 S.Ct. 48 , 62 L.Ed.2d 32 (1979) and United States v. Howton, 688 F.2d 272 (5th Cir.1982) (false grand jury testimony covered up illegal acts) with United States v. Essex, 407 F.2d 214 (6th Cir.1969) (filing of false affidavit was not a contemptuous act within the scope of obstruction of justice statute). 6 .
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Christy v. Heights Finance Corp.
See also, Bas-ham v. Finance America Corp., 583 F.2d 918 (7th Cir.1978), cert. denied, DeJaynes v. General Finance Corp., 439 U.S. 1128 , 99 S.Ct. 1046 , 59 L.Ed.2d 89 (1979) and First National Bank v. Childs, 444 U.S. 825 , 100 S.Ct. 47 , 62 L.Ed.2d 32 (1979) (in determining whether the time barred Truth-In-Lending Act claim could still be brought by the debtors as a recoupment claim against the creditor, the court stated, “The TILA claim is not directed at or an answer to the underlying debt.” 583 F.2d at 928 ).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
United States v. Erwin
This result is consistent with our cases holding that a § 846 conspiracy is a lesser included offense of CCE. 20 See, e.g., United States v. Stricklin, 591 F.2d 1112, 1123 (5th Cir.), cert. denied, 444 U.S. 963 , 100 S.Ct. 449 , 62 L.Ed.2d 375 (1979); see also United States v. Michel, 588 F.2d 986, 1000-01 (5th Cir.), cert. denied, 444 U.S. 825 , 100 S.Ct. 47 , 62 L.Ed.2d 32 (1979).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
United States v. Erwin
This result is consistent with our cases holding that a Sec. 846 conspiracy is a lesser included offense of CCE. 20 See, e.g., United States v. Stricklin, 591 F.2d 1112, 1123 (5th Cir.), cert. denied, 444 U.S. 963 , 100 S.Ct. 449 , 62 L.Ed.2d 375 (1979); see also United States v. Michel, 588 F.2d 986, 1000-01 (5th Cir.), cert. denied, 444 U.S. 825 , 100 S.Ct. 47 , 62 L.Ed.2d 32 (1979).
cited
Cited "see, e.g."
United States v. Messerlian
See, e.g., United States v. Griffin, 589 F.2d 200 (5th Cir.1979) cert. denied, 444 U.S. 825 , 100 S.Ct. 48 , 62 L.Ed.2d 32 .
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
United States v. Jessie Gonzalez-Mares
See, e.g., United States v. Griffin, 589 F.2d 200 (5th Cir.), cert. denied, 444 U.S. 825 , 100 S.Ct. 48 , 62 L.Ed.2d 32 (1979) (perjury by witness before grand jury had effect of obstructing justice by limiting avenues of inquiry); United States v. Howton, 688 F.2d 272 (5th Cir.1982) (false testimony before grand jury had effect of covering up illegal acts); United States v. Cohn, 452 F.2d 881 (2d Cir.1971), cert. denied, 405 U.S. 975 , 92 S.Ct. 1196 , 31 L.Ed.2d 249 (1972) (concealment of information and evasive testimony before grand jury); United States v. Caron, 551 F.Supp. 662 (E.D.Va.198…
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
United States v. David Gomberg, United States of America v. Harold Levy, United States of America v. Michelle D'amico, United States of America v. Albert Spielvogel, United States of America v. Joseph Disantis, Jr.
Compare cases collected in United States v. Lurz, 666 F.2d 69, 78 (4th Cir.), cert. denied, 455 U.S. 1005 , 102 S.Ct. 1642 , 71 L.Ed.2d 874 (1982), with those collected in United States v. Michel, 588 F.2d 986 , 1000 n. 15 (5th Cir.), cert. denied, 444 U.S. 825 , 100 S.Ct. 47 , 62 L.Ed.2d 32 (1979) 5 See, e.g., United States v. Smith, 690 F.2d 748, 750 (9th Cir.1982), cert. denied, --- U.S. ----, 103 S.Ct. 1435 , 75 L.Ed.2d 793 (1983) (relying on Jeffers to reverse conviction under § 846 as lesser included offense of § 848, but affirming without discussion conviction on substantive counts); …
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
United States v. Gomberg
Compare cases collected in United States v. Lurz, 666 F.2d 69, 78 (4th Cir.), cert, denied, 455 U.S. 1005 , 102 S.Ct. 1642 , 71 L.Ed.2d 874 (1982), with those collected in United States v. Michel, 588 F.2d 986 , 1000 n. 15 (5th Cir.), cert, denied, 444 U.S. 825 , 100 S.Ct. 47 , 62 L.Ed.2d 32 (1979). .
cited
Cited "see, e.g."
United States v. Steven Kalish
See, e.g., United States v. Michel, 588 F.2d 986, 995 (5th Cir.), cert. denied, 444 U.S. 825 , 100 S.Ct. 47 , 62 L.Ed.2d 32 (1979). 3.
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
United States v. Hawkins
See also United States v. Heller, 625 F.2d 594, 599-600 (5th Cir. 1980) (fact that defendant arrested by British on tip from American agents insufficient to establish American participation) 64 See, e. g., United States v. Michel, 588 F.2d 986, 995 (5th Cir.), cert. denied, 444 U.S. 825 , 100 S.Ct. 47 , 62 L.Ed.2d 32 (1979); United States v. Rodriguez, 509 F.2d 1342, 1348 (5th Cir. 1975) 65 United States v. Arroyo, 494 F.2d 1316, 1319 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 419 U.S. 827 , 95 S.Ct. 46 , 42 L.Ed.2d 51 (1974) 66 United States v. Ochoa, 609 F.2d 198, 201 (5th Cir. 1980) (emphasis supplied and ci…
cited
Cited "see, e.g."
United States v. Hawkins
See, e. g., United States v. Michel, 588 F.2d 986, 995 (5th Cir.), cert. denied, 444 U.S. 825 , 100 S.Ct. 47 , 62 L.Ed.2d 32 (1979); United States v. Rodriguez, 509 F.2d 1342, 1348 (5th Cir. 1975). .
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
United States v. Peter Kreimes
Compare United States v. Santia-Manriquez, 603 F.2d 575, 576-78 (5th Cir. 1979) mod. on rehearing, 609 F.2d 1162 (5th Cir. 1980) and United States v. Almand, 565 F.2d 927, 928-30 (5th Cir.) cert. denied, 439 U.S. 824 , 99 S.Ct. 92 , 58 L.Ed.2d 116 (1978) and United States v. Frisbie, 550 F.2d 335, 337-38 (5th Cir. 1977) with United States v. Cimino, 631 F.2d 57, 58-59 (5th Cir. 1980) and United States v. Agostino, 608 F.2d 1035, 1037 (5th Cir. 1979) and United States v. Soto, 591 F.2d 1091, 1098-99 (5th Cir.), cert. denied, 442 U.S. 930 , 99 S.Ct. 2862 , 61 L.Ed.2d 298 (1979) and United States…
Retrieving the full opinion text from the archive…
Michel
v.
United States and Belmares v. United States
v.
United States and Belmares v. United States
No. 78-1498; No. 78-6412.
Supreme Court of the United States.
Oct 1, 1979.
Cited by 1 opinion | Published
Citer courts: Eleventh Circuit (1) · Seventh Circuit (1)
C. A. 5th
Cir. Certiorari denied. Reported below: 588 F. 2d 986.