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Treatment trajectory · 1980 → 2026 · click a year to view as-of
1980
2003
2026
Top citers, strongest first. 50 distinct citers.
How cited ↗
discussed
Cited as authority (quoted)
Sprague v. General Motors Corp.
under the modern theory of contracts we look to objective, not subjective, criteria in ascertaining the intent of the parties
discussed
Cited as authority (rule)
Means v. City of Chicago
See Hays v. Jefferson County, 668 F.2d 869 (6th Cir. 1982); Herrera v. Valentine, 653 F.2d 1220, 1224-25 (8th Cir. 1981); Turpin v. Mailet, 619 F.2d 196 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 1016 , 101 S.Ct. 577 , 66 L.Ed.2d 475 (1980); McClelland v. Facteau, 610 F.2d 693 (10th Cir. 1979); Owens v. Haas, 601 F.2d 1242 (2d Cir.), cert. denied 444 U.S. 980 , 100 S.Ct. 483 , 62 L.Ed.2d 407 *459 (1979); Sims v. Adams, 537 F.2d 829 (5th Cir. 1976); Smith v. Hill, 510 F.Supp. 767 (D.Utah 1980); Edmonds v. Dillon, 485 F.Supp. 722 (N.D.Ohio 1980); Wilkenson v. Ellis, 484 F.Supp. 1072 (E.D.Pa.1980); Popow …
discussed
Cited "see"
Ogunde v. Prison Health Services, Inc.
Accord Owens v. Haas, 601 F.2d 1242 , 1250-51, cert. denied, 444 U.S. 980 , 100 S.Ct. 483 , 62 L.Ed.2d 407 (1979) (reversing dismissal of inmate's breach of contract claim because contract between prison and the county to provide transportation of prisoners "indicates that Owens, as a federal prisoner, was intended to benefit from the agreement").
cited
Cited "see"
E.G.L. Gem Lab Ltd. v. Gem Quality Institute, Inc.
See Owens v. Haas, 601 F.2d 1242, 1250 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 444 U.S. 980 , 100 S.Ct. 483 , 62 L.Ed.2d 407 (1979). 173 .
discussed
Cited "see"
Spear, Leeds & Kellogg v. Central Life Assurance Company, Alexander Hamilton Life Insurance Company of America, Inc., Canada Life Assurance Co.
(2×)
See Owens v. Haas, 601 F.2d 1242, 1250 (2d Cir.), cert. denied sub. nom County of Nassau v. Owens, 444 U.S. 980 , 100 S.Ct. 483 , 62 L.Ed.2d 407 (1979); Restatement (Second) of Contracts § 308 (1981).
discussed
Cited "see"
Central Hudson Gas & Electric Corporation v. Empresa Naviera Santa S.A.
(2×)
See Owens v. Haas, 601 F.2d 1242, 1250 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 444 U.S. 980 , 100 S.Ct. 483 , 62 L.Ed.2d 407 (1979); Chaplin v. Consolidated Edison Co., 579 F.Supp. 1470, 1473 (S.D.N.Y.1984).
discussed
Cited "see"
J.R. Maffei Richard Maffei Betty J. Maffei v. Northern Insurance Company of New York Maryland Casualty Co.
(2×)
See Brobeck, Phleger & Harrison v. Telex Corp., 602 F.2d 866, 873 (9th Cir.1979), cert. denied, 444 U.S. 981 , 100 S.Ct. 483 , 62 L.Ed.2d 407 (1979).
discussed
Cited "see"
Brown v. Twentieth Century Fox Film Corp.
See Brobeck, Phleger & Harrison v. Telex Corp., 602 F.2d 866, 871 (9th Cir.) (applying California law, which governs the interpretation of the 1964 agreement), cert. denied, 444 U.S. 981 , 100 S.Ct. 483 , 62 L.Ed.2d 407 (1979); Tokio Marine & Fire Insurance Co. v. McDonnell Douglas Corp., 617 F.2d 936, 940 (2d Cir.1980).
cited
Cited "see"
Gomez v. Coughlin
See Owens v. Hass, 601 F.2d 1242 , 1247 (2d Cir.1979), cert. denied, 444 U.S. 980 , 100 S.Ct. 483 , 62 L.Ed.2d 407 (1979).
cited
Cited "see"
McNair v. McMickens
See Owens v. Haas, 601 F.2d 1242, 1246 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 444 U.S. 980 , 100 S.Ct. 483 , 62 L.Ed.2d 407 (1979).
discussed
Cited "see"
Ortega v. Rowe
See Owens v. Haas, 601 F.2d 1242, 1247-48 (2nd Cir.1979) cert. denied 444 U.S. 980 , 100 S.Ct. 483 , 62 L.Ed.2d 407 (1979); Hampton v. Holmesburg Prison Officials, 546 F.2d 1077, 1082 (3rd Cir.1976); Williams v. United States, 405 F.2d 951, 954 (9th Cir.1969).
discussed
Cited "see"
Ortega v. Rowe
See Owens v. Haas, 601 F.2d 1242, 1247-48 (2nd Cir.1979) cert. denied 444 U.S. 980 , 100 S.Ct. 483 , 62 L.Ed.2d 407 (1979); Hampton v. Holmesburg Prison Officials, 546 F.2d 1077, 1082 (3rd Cir.1976); Williams v. United States, 405 F.2d 951, 954 (9th Cir.1969).
discussed
Cited "see"
Washington v. James
See Owens v. Haas, 601 F.2d 1242, 1247 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 444 U.S. 980 , 100 S.Ct. 483 , 62 L.Ed.2d 407 (1979); Turpin v. Mailet, 579 F.2d 152, 167 (2d Cir.) (in banc), vacated and remanded on other grounds, 439 U.S. 974 , 99 S.Ct. 554 , 58 L.Ed.2d 645 (1978).
discussed
Cited "see"
Washington v. James
See Owens v. Haas, 601 F.2d 1242, 1247 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 444 U.S. 980 , 100 S.Ct. 483 , 62 L.Ed.2d 407 (1979); Turpin v. Mailet, 579 F.2d 152, 167 (2d Cir.) (in banc), vacated and remanded on other grounds, 439 U.S. 974 , 99 S.Ct. 554 , 58 L.Ed.2d 645 (1978).
discussed
Cited "see"
Bankr. L. Rep. P 70,798 in Re Boston and Maine Corporation, Debtor v. Sheehan, Phinney, Bass & Green, P.A.
See Brobeck, Phleger & Harrison v. Telex Corp., 602 F.2d 866, 875 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 444 U.S. 981 , 100 S.Ct. 483 , 62 L.Ed.2d 407 (1979) (while $1 million minimum fee was “clearly high,” client received services of “substantial value,” and the fairness of a fee agreement should be “determined with reference to the time when the contract was made”).
discussed
Cited "see"
Francis J. Dwyer v. Edward v. Regan, Individually and as Trustee and Administrative Head of the New York State Employees Retirement System
See Owens v. Haas, 601 F.2d 1242, 1247 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 444 U.S. 980 , 100 S.Ct. 483 , 62 L.Ed.2d 407 (1979); Turpin v. Mailet, 579 F.2d 152, 167 (2d Cir.) (en banc), vacated and remanded on other grounds, 439 U.S. 974 , 99 S.Ct. 554 , 58 L.Ed.2d 645 (1978); Escalera v. New York City Housing Authority, 425 F.2d 853, 857 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 400 U.S. 853 , 91 S.Ct. 54 , 27 L.Ed.2d 91 (1970).
discussed
Cited "see"
Arancibia v. Berry
See Owens v. Haas, 601 F.2d 1242 , 1246 (2d Cir.1979) (such claims, if proven, are sufficient for finding municipal liability under § 1983), cert. denied, 444 U.S. 980 , 100 S.Ct. 483 , 62 L.Ed.2d 407 (1979).
cited
Cited "see"
Madden v. City of Meriden
See Owens v. Haas, 601 F.2d 1242, 1246 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 444 U.S. 980 , 100 S.Ct. 483 , 62 L.Ed.2d 407 (1979).
discussed
Cited "see"
Bell v. City of Milwaukee
See Owens v. Haas, 601 F.2d 1242 , 1247 (2d Cir.1980), certiorari denied, 444 U.S. 980 , 100 S.Ct. 483 , 62 L.Ed.2d 407 (applying the Monell standard under Section 1985); Vasquez v. City of Reno, 461 F.Supp. 1098, 1102 (D.Nev.1978) (same regarding Section 1986).
discussed
Cited "see"
Patrick Bell, Sr., Etc. v. City of Milwaukee, Howard Johnson and Edwin Shaffer, Patrick Bell, Sr., Etc. v. Thomas Grady, Jr., Patrick Bell, Sr., Etc. v. City of Milwaukee
See Owens v. Haas, 601 F.2d 1242 , 1247 (2d Cir.1980), certiorari denied, 444 U.S. 980 , 100 S.Ct. 483 , 62 L.Ed.2d 407 (applying the Monell standard under Section 1985); Vasquez v. City of Reno, 461 F.Supp. 1098, 1102 (D.Nev.1978) (same regarding Section 1986).
cited
Cited "see"
Shishido v. SIU-Pacific District-PMA Pension Plan
See Brobeck, Phleger & Harrison v. Telex Corp., 602 F.2d 866, 871 (9th Cir.1979), cert. denied, 444 U.S. 981 , 100 S.Ct. 483 , 62 L.Ed.2d 407 .
discussed
Cited "see"
John Languirand, Cross-Appellant v. John Hayden, an Individual, City of Pass Christian, Etc., Cross-Appellee
(2×)
See Owens v. Haas, 601 F.2d 1242, 1246-47 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 444 U.S. 980 , 100 S.Ct. 483 , 62 L.Ed.2d 407 (1979).
discussed
Cited "see"
Phyllis S. Hamm v. Members of the Board of Regents of the State of Florida, Defendants
Monell v. Department of Social Services, 436 U.S. 658, 691-94 , 98 S.Ct. 2018, 2036-37 , 56 L.Ed.2d 611 (1978) (§ 1983); Baskin v. Parker, 602 F.2d 1205, 1207-09 (5th Cir.1979) (same); see Owens v. Haas, 601 F.2d 1242 , 1247 (2d Cir.) (§ 1985), cert. denied, 444 U.S. 980 , 100 S.Ct. 483 , 62 L.Ed.2d 407 (1979).
discussed
Cited "see"
Leonard Rogers v. Barbara Rulo, Frank Eck, Alvin Klein, Jr.
See Owens v. Haas, 601 F.2d 1242, 1246 (2d Cir.1979) (county may be liable), cert. denied, 444 U.S. 980 , 100 S.Ct. 483 , 62 L.Ed.2d 407 (1979); Popow v. City of Margate, 476 F.Supp. 1237, 1245-46 (D.N.J.1979) (city may be liable).
cited
Cited "see"
John McCann Plaintiff-Appellee-Cross-Appellant v. T. Coughlin, Iii, Defendants-Appellants-Cross-Appellees
See Owens v. Haas, 601 F.2d 1242, 1246 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 444 U.S. 980 , 100 S.Ct. 483 , 62 L.Ed.2d 407 (1979).
discussed
Cited "see"
Eiland v. Hardesty
See Owens v. Haas, 601 F.2d 1242 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 444 U.S. 980 , 100 S.Ct. 483 , 62 L.Ed.2d 407 (1979); Means v. City of Chicago, 535 F.Supp. 455 (N.D.Ill.1982); Smith v. Hill, 510 F.Supp. 767 (D.Utah 1981); Leite v. City of Providence, 463 F.Supp. 585 (D.R.I. 1978). 4 .
discussed
Cited "see"
Sager v. City of Woodland Park
While merely negligent failure adequately to train, supervise and control police officers is not sufficient to render a municipality and supervisory personnel liable under § 1983 for deprivations of constitutional rights resulting from police brutality, such potential defendants may be liable where training or supervision is “so reckless or grossly negligent that future police misconduct is almost inevitable.” Hays v. Jefferson Cty., 668 F.2d 869, 874 (6th Cir.), reh’g denied, 673 F.2d 152 (1982); see Owens v. Haas, 601 F.2d 1242, 1246 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 444 U.S. 980 , 100 S.Ct. 4…
discussed
Cited "see"
Hobson v. Wilson
See Owens v. Haas, 601 F.2d 1242, 1245-47 (2d Cir. 1979), cert. denied, 444 U.S. 980 , 100 S.Ct. 483 , 62 L.Ed.2d 407 (1980); cf. Monell v. Department of Social Services, 436 U.S. 658 , 694 n. 58, 98 S.Ct. 2018 , 2037 n. 58, 56 L.Ed.2d 611 (1978); Johnson v. Duffy, 588 F.2d 740 , 743 (9th Cir.1978); Carter v. Carlson, 144 U.S.App.D.C. 388, 393-95 , 447 F.2d 358, 363-65 (1971) rev’d on other grounds, 409 U.S. 418 , 93 S.Ct. 602 , 34 L.Ed.2d 613 (1973); Tate v. District of Columbia, Civil Action No. 81-846 (D.D.C., Oct. 26, 1981) (Greene, J.).
cited
Cited "see"
Harlee v. Hagen
See Owens v. Haas, 601 F.2d 1242 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 444 U.S. 980 , 100 S.Ct. 483 , 62 L.Ed.2d 407 (1979); Leite v. City of Providence, 463 F.Supp. 585 (D.R.I.1978).
discussed
Cited "see"
Doris Holbrook v. Henry C. Pitt, and Third-Party v. Secretary, United States Department of Housing and Urban Development, Third- Party
See Owens v. Haas, 601 F.2d 1242 , 1250 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 444 U.S. 980 , 100 S.Ct. 483 , 62 L.Ed.2d 407 (1979); Safer v. Per-per, 569 F.2d 87 , 92 (D.C.Cir.1977); Avco Delta Corp. v. United States, 484 F.2d 692 , 702 (7th Cir. 1973), cert. denied, 415 U.S. 931 , 94 S.Ct. 1444 , 39 L.Ed.2d 490 (1974); United States v. California State Automobile Ass’n, 385 F.Supp. 669, 672 (E.D.Cal.1974), aff’d, 530 F.2d 850 (9th Cir. 1976); Bethune v. United States Department of Housing and Urban Development, 376 F.Supp. 1074 (W.D.Mo.1972); 4 A. Corbin, supra, § 781 at 70. 24 .
cited
Cited "see"
Durkin v. Bristol Township
See Owens v. Haas, 601 F.2d 1242 , 1247 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 444 U.S. 980 , 100 S.Ct. 483 , 62 L.Ed.2d 407 (1979); Helstoski v. Goldstein, 552 F.2d 564 (3d Cir. 1977); Rambo v. Hirsh, C.A.
cited
Cited "see"
Estate of Gilchrist v. Commissioner
See Pennsylvania Bank & Trust Co. v. United States, 451 F.Supp. 1296 , 1300 n. 6 (W.D.Pa.1978), aff’d, 597 F.2d 382 (3d Cir.), cert. denied, 444 U.S. 980 , 100 S.Ct. 483 , 62 L.Ed.2d 407 (1979) .
discussed
Cited "see"
Estate of Anna Lora Gilchrist, Deceased, Layland Myatt and Elizabeth Dearborn, Independent Executors v. Commissioner of Internal Revenue, Estate of Ruth T. Reid, Deceased, Walter D. Reid, Independent v. Commissioner of Internal Revenue
See Pennsylvania Bank & Trust Co. v. United States, 451 F.Supp. 1296 , 1300 n. 6 (W.D.Pa.1978), aff'd, 597 F.2d 382 (3d Cir.), cert. denied, 444 U.S. 980 , 100 S.Ct. 483 , 62 L.Ed.2d 407 (1979). 7 The present § 2041 of the Code was born with the Powers of Appointment Act of 1951, 65 Stat. 91 .
cited
Cited "see"
Haverstock v. Wolf
See Brobeck, Phleger & Harrison v. Telex Corp., 602 F.2d 866 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 444 U.S. 981 , 100 S.Ct. 483 , 62 L.Ed.2d 407 (1979).
cited
Cited "see"
Witt v. Harbour
See Owens v. Haas, 601 F.2d 1242 (2d Cir. 1979), cert. denied sub nom., 44 U.S. 980 , 100 S.Ct. 483 , 62 L.Ed.2d 407 (1980); Popow v. City of Margate, 476 F.Supp. 1237 (D.N.J.1979).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Phillips v. Federal Bureau of Prisons
Compare Owens v. Haas, 601 F.2d 1242, 1248 (2d Cir.1979), cert. denied, 444 U.S. 980 , 100 S.Ct. 483 , 62 L.Ed.2d 407 (1979) (question is “not free from doubt”), with Smith v. Corrections Corp. of Am., 19 Fed.Appx. 318, 320-21 , 2001 WL 1109854 , at *2 (6th Cir.2001) (no federal question was involved in the plaintiffs third-party beneficiary claim, which relied on a contract rather than federal law).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Goodridge v. Harvey Group, Inc.
To determine whether Goodridge is an intended beneficiary of the Indemnity Agreement, we consider both “the intent of the parties — as revealed in their agreement — and the surrounding circumstances.” Septembertide, 884 F.2d at 679 ; see also Owens v. Haas, 601 F.2d 1242, 1250 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 444 U.S. 980 , 100 S.Ct. 483 , 62 L.Ed.2d 407 (1979).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
McKenzie Construction, Inc. v. Desmond L. Maynard
(2×)
See also Brobeck, Phleger & Harrison v. Telex Corp., 602 F.2d 866, 875 (9th Cir.) (California law), cert. denied, 444 U.S. 981 , 100 S.Ct. 483 , 62 L.Ed.2d 407 (1979). 17 We believe that the district court had too narrow a view.
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Klitzman, Klitzman & Gallagher v. Krut
See, e.g., Lenard v. Argento, 699 F.2d 874, 885-86 (7th Cir.), cert. denied, — U.S. —, 104 S.Ct. 69 , 78 L.Ed.2d 84 (1983), quoting Owens v. Haas, 601 F.2d 1242, 1246 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 444 U.S. 980 , 100 S.Ct. 483 , 62 L.Ed.2d 407 (1979).
cited
Cited "see, e.g."
Allman v. Coughlin
See, e.g., Owens v. Haas, 601 F.2d 1242, 1246 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 444 U.S. 980 , 100 S.Ct. 483 , 62 L.Ed.2d 407 (1979).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Willis Ray Triplett v. Leflore County, Oklahoma
See e.g., Owens v. Haas, 601 F.2d 1242,1245-47 (2d Cir.1978), cert. denied, 444 U.S. 980 , 100 S.Ct. 483 , 62 L.Ed.2d 407 (holding plaintiff should have been allowed limited discovery and opportunity to amend to state a § 1983 claim against County on similar theory of liability for its own acts of gross negligence or deliberate indifference), and cases there cited.
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Allen v. Katz Agency, Inc.
See, e.g., Owens v. Haas, 601 F.2d 1242, 1250 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 444 U.S. 980 , 100 S.Ct. 483 , 62 L.Ed.2d 407 (1979). 13 We hold only that the Plan as amended in November 1978 did not apply to an employee who had elected prior to the amendment to take his ESOP distribution in a cash lump sum, releasing his employer from liability.
cited
Cited "see, e.g."
Allen v. Katz Agency, Inc. Employee Stock Ownership Plan
See, e.g., Owens v. Haas, 601 F.2d 1242, 1250 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 444 U.S. 980 , 100 S.Ct. 483 , 62 L.Ed.2d 407 (1979).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Edward Bowen v. Charlie Watkins, Chief of Police of the City of Columbus, Mississippi, Etc.
See, e.g., Owens v. Haas, 2 Cir. 1979, 601 F.2d 1242, 1246 , cert. denied, 444 U.S. 980 , 100 S.Ct. 483 , 62 L.Ed.2d 407 ; Redmond v. Baxley, E.D.Mich.1979, 475 F.Supp. 1111, 1116 ; Cook v. City of Miami, S.D.Fla.1979, 464 F.Supp. 737 ; see also Monell v. Department of Social Services, 436 U.S. at 694 n.58, 98 S.Ct. at 2037 .
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Bradley v. Coughlin
THE MERITS Turning to the merits, it is initially apparent that as “[a] pro se plaintiff, particularly one bringing a civil rights action, [Bradley] should [have been] afforded an opportunity fairly freely to amend his complaint.” Holmes v. Goldin, 615 F.2d 83, 85 (2d Cir. 1980); see also Owens v. Haas, 601 F.2d 1242 (2d Cir. 1979), cert. denied, 444 U.S. 980 , 100 S.Ct. 483 , 62 L.Ed.2d 407 (1981).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Bradley v. Coughlin
THE MERITS 21 Turning to the merits, it is initially apparent that as "(a) pro se plaintiff, particularly one bringing a civil rights action, (Bradley) should (have been) afforded an opportunity fairly freely to amend his complaint." Holmes v. Goldin, 615 F.2d 83, 85 (2d Cir. 1980); see also Owens v. Haas, 601 F.2d 1242 (2d Cir. 1979), cert. denied, 444 U.S. 980 , 100 S.Ct. 483 , 62 L.Ed.2d 407 (1981).
cited
Cited "see, e.g."
Excess & Casualty Reinsurance Ass'n v. Insurance Commissioner of California
See, e. g., Brobeck, Phleger & Harrison v. Telex, 602 F.2d 866, 872 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 100 S.Ct. 483 , 443 U.S. 981 , 62 L.Ed.2d 407 (1979).
cited
Cited "see, e.g."
Excess And Casualty Reinsurance Association v. Insurance Commissioner Of The State Of California
See, e. g., Brobeck, Phleger & Harrison v. Telex, 602 F.2d 866, 872 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 100 S.Ct. 483 , 443 U.S. 981 , 62 L.Ed.2d 407 (1979).
cited
Cited "see, e.g."
Pacific Far East Line, Inc. v. Official Creditor Committee (In re Pacific Far East Line, Inc.)
See also Brobeck, Phleger & Harrison v. Telex Corp., 602 F.2d 866, 871 (9th Cir. 1979), cert. denied, 444 U.S. 981 , 100 S.Ct. 483 , 62 L.Ed.2d 407 (1980).
cited
Cited "see, e.g."
In the Matter of Pacific Far East Line, Inc., Debtor. Joseph M. Alioto v. Official Creditor Committee
See also Brobeck, Phleger & Harrison v. Telex Corp., 602 F.2d 866, 871 (9th Cir. 1979), cert. denied, 444 U.S. 981, 100 S.Ct. 483 , 62 L.Ed.2d 407 (1980).
Retrieving the full opinion text from the archive…
City of Bethel, Alaska
v.
United States
v.
United States
No. 79-463.
Supreme Court of the United States.
Dec 3, 1979.
Published
Citer courts: E.D. Michigan (1)
C. A. 9th Cir. Certiorari denied.