green
Positive treatment
Quoted verbatim 2×
10.2 score
“rico poses a danger of abuse attempts to apply the statute to situations for which it was not primarily intended.”
Treatment trajectory · 1980 → 2026 · click a year to view as-of
1980
2003
2026
Top citers, strongest first. 50 distinct citers.
How cited ↗
discussed
Cited "but see"
Stephen Hrones v. Central Intelligence Agency
But see Goland v. CIA, 607 F.2d 339, 349 (D.C.Cir.1978), cert. denied, 445 U.S. 927 , 100 S.Ct. 1312 , 63 L.Ed.2d 759 (1980) (affirming under Exemption 3 district judge’s decision based upon Exemption l). 4 Appellant argues that the district court abused its discretion in granting summary judgment for the CIA without first conducting an in camera inspection of the documents which were withheld pursuant to the disclosure ’exemptions under 5 U.S.C. § 552 (b)(1) & (3).
discussed
Cited as authority (quoted)
Mathon v. Marine Midland Bank, N.A.
rico poses a danger of abuse attempts to apply the statute to situations for which it was not primarily intended.
discussed
Cited as authority (quoted)
Todaro v. Orbit International Travel, Ltd.
the second circuit has rejected the argument that the rico statute is unconstitutionally vague.
discussed
Cited as authority (rule)
Cleary, Gottlieb, Steen & Hamilton v. Department of Health & Human Services
FOIA To meet the burden of summary judgment in a FOIA context, “the defending agency must prove that each document that falls within the class requested either has been produced, is unidentifiable, or is wholly exempt from [FOIA’s] inspection requirements.” Gol and v. Central Intelligence Agency, 607 F.2d 339, 352 (D.C.Cir.1978), cert. denied, 445 U.S. 927 , 100, S. Ct. 1312, 63 L.Ed.2d 759 (1980) (quoting National Cable Television Ass’n v. Federal Communications Comm’n, 479 F.2d 183, 186 (D.C.Cir.1973)).
cited
Cited as authority (rule)
Birchel L. Carson v. U. S. Department of Justice
Ct. 1312, 63 L.Ed.2d 759 (1980), holding that a stenographic transcript of a “secret” Congressional hearing in the custody of the CIA was not an agency record under the FOIA.
discussed
Cited "see"
Voinche v. Federal Bureau of Investigation
See Carney v. United States Dep’t of Justice, 19 F.3d 807, 812 (2d Cir.1994) (“In order to justify discovery once the agency has satisfied its burden, the plaintiff must make a showing of bad faith on the part of the agency sufficient to impugn the agency’s affidavits or declarations, or provide some tangible evidence that an exemption claimed by the agency should not apply or summary judgment is otherwise inappropriate.”) (citing Goland v. CIA, 607 F.2d 339, 355 (D.C.Cir.1978), cert. denied, 445 U.S. 927 , 100 S.Ct. 1312 , 63 L.Ed.2d 759 (1980)).
discussed
Cited "see"
Broaddrick v. Executive Office of the President
See Goland v. CIA, 607 F.2d 339, 352-56 (D.C.Cir.1978) (affirming district court’s grant of summary judgment without discovery where agency affidavits were sufficient), ce rt. denied, 445 U.S. 927 , 100 S.Ct. 1312 , 63 L.Ed.2d 759 (1980); Master v. F.B.I., 926 F.Supp. 193, 195-97 (D.D.C.1996) (denying discovery on search issue where court determined agency’s search for documents was adequate), aff'd mem., 124 F.3d 1309 , 1997 WL 369460 (D.C.Cir.1997).
cited
Cited "see"
Judicial Watch of Florida, Inc. v. United States Department of Justice
See Goland v. CIA, 607 F.2d 339, 352 (D.C.Cir.1978), cert. den., 445 U.S. 927 , 100 S.Ct. 1312 , 63 L.Ed.2d 759 (1980).
cited
Cited "see"
Butler v. Department of the Air Force
See Goland v. C.I.A, 607 F.2d 339, 352 (D.C.Cir.1978), cert. denied, 445 U.S. 927 , 100 S.Ct. 1312 , 63 L.Ed.2d 759 (1980); Military Audit Project v. Casey, 656 F.2d 724, 738 (D.C.Cir.1981).
cited
Cited "see"
Putnam v. U.S. Department of Justice
See Goland v. CIA, 607 F.2d 339, 352 (D.C.Cir.1978), cert. denied, 445 U.S. 927 , 100 S.Ct. 1312 , 63 L.Ed.2d 759 (1980).
discussed
Cited "see"
United States v. United States Currency in the Amount of One Hundred Forty-Five Thousand, One Hundred Thirty-Nine Dollars
Section 5321(e); see United States v. Huber, 603 F.2d 387, 397 (2d Cir.1979) (discussing district court’s power to reduce award under 18 U.S.C. § 1963 ), cert. denied, 445 U.S. 927 , 100 S.Ct. 1312 , 63 L.Ed.2d 759 (1980); see also Halper, 490 U.S. at 446 , 109 S.Ct. at 1900 (quoting One Lot Emerald Cut Stones, 409 U.S. at 237 , 93 S.Ct. at 493 ).
discussed
Cited "see"
Manna v. United States Department of Justice
See Simmons v. United States Dep’t of Justice, 796 F.2d 709, 711-712 (4th Cir.1986) (citing Goland v. C.I.A., 607 F.2d 339, 352 (D.C.Cir.1978), cert. denied, 445 U.S. 927 , 100 S.Ct. 1312 , 63 L.Ed.2d 759 (1980)).
cited
Cited "see"
United States v. Saccoccia
See United States v. Huber, 603 F.2d 387 (2d Cir.1979), cert. denied, 445 U.S. 927 , 100 S.Ct. 1312 , 63 L.Ed.2d 759 (1980).
discussed
Cited "see"
Beatrice Maynard v. Central Intelligence Agency, Beatrice Maynard v. Central Intelligence Agency
See Gillin v. IRS, 980 F.2d 819, 823 (1st Cir.1992) (citing Goland v. CIA, 607 F.2d 339, 355 (D.C.Cir.1978)) (absent showing of bad faith sufficient to impugn agency's affidavit demonstrating adequacy of search, district court has discretion to forego discovery), cert. denied, 445 U.S. 927 , 100 S.Ct. 1312 , 63 L.Ed.2d 759 (1980).
discussed
Cited "see"
Grove v. Department of Justice
See Goland v. CIA, 607 F.2d 339, 352 (D.C.Cir.1978) (Goland I), vacated in part on other grounds, 607 F.2d at 367 (D.C.Cir.1979) (Goland II), cert. denied, 445 U.S. 927 , 100 S.Ct. 1312 , 63 L.Ed.2d 759 (1980).
cited
Cited "see"
Epps v. United States Department of Justice
See Goland v. CIA, 607 F.2d 339, 352 (D.C.Cir.), vacated in part on other grounds, 607 F.2d 339 (D.C.Cir.1978), cert. denied, 445 U.S. 927 , 100 S.Ct. 1312 , 63 L.Ed.2d 759 (1980).
discussed
Cited "see"
United States v. United States Currency in the Amount of One Hundred Forty-Five Thousand, One Hundred Thirty-Nine Dollars
See United States v. 38 Whalers Cove Dr., Babylon, NY., 954 F.2d 29, 36 (2d Cir.), cert. denied sub nom. — U.S. —, 113 S.Ct. 55 , 121 L.Ed.2d 24 (1992) (“for Eighth Amendment purposes, ‘there is no substantial difference between an in rem proceeding and a[n in personam criminal] forfeiture proceeding brought directly against the owner’ ”) (quoting United States v. Huber, 603 F.2d 387, 397 (2d Cir.1979), cert. denied, 445 U.S. 927 , 100 S.Ct. 1312 , 63 L.Ed.2d 759 (1980)).
discussed
Cited "see"
United States v. District Council
See United States v. Indelicato, 865 F.2d 1370, 1382 (2d Cir.) (en banc), cert. denied, 493 U.S. 811 , 110 S.Ct. 56 , 107 L.Ed.2d 24 (1989). “[A] racketeering enterprise may consist of an association of separate legal entities.” United States v. Stolfi, 889 F.2d 378, 381 (2d Cir.1989) (citing United States v. Huber, 603 F.2d 387, 393-94 (2d Cir. 1979), cert. denied, 445 U.S. 927 , 100 S.Ct. 1312 , 63 L.Ed.2d 759 (1980)).
cited
Cited "see"
Washington Post v. United States Department of Defense
See Goland v. CIA, 607 F.2d 339 , 345 & n. 26 (D.C.Cir.1978), vacated in part on other grounds, 607 F.2d 367 (D.C.Cir.1979), cert. denied, 445 U.S. 927 , 100 S.Ct. 1312 , 63 L.Ed.2d 759 (1980).
discussed
Cited "see"
Thomas D. Powell v. United States Bureau of Prisons
(2×)
See Goland v. Central Intelligence Agency, 607 F.2d 339, 370-71 (D.C.Cir.1978) (reh’g), cert. denied, 445 U.S. 927 , 100 S.Ct. 1312 , 63 L.Ed.2d 759 (1980).
discussed
Cited "see"
United States v. Kentucky Utilities Co.
See Goland v. Central Intelligence Agency, 607 F.2d 339 (D.C.Cir.1978) (court rejected argument that agency’s possession of a document per se dictates status as “agency record”), cert. denied, 445 U.S. 927 , 100 S.Ct. 1312 , 63 L.Ed.2d 759 (1980).
discussed
Cited "see"
United States v. Kentucky Utilities Company
See Goland v. Central Intelligence Agency, 607 F.2d 339 (D.C.Cir.1978) (court rejected argument that agency's possession of a document per se dictates status as "agency record"), cert. denied, 445 U.S. 927 , 100 S.Ct. 1312 , 63 L.Ed.2d 759 (1980). 12 In any event, these documents were not part of the court's records, nor had the FOIA question been decided.
discussed
Cited "see"
Boyd v. State
See United States v. Huber, 603 F.2d 387, 395 (2d Cir.1979) (prosecution must avoid the danger of attempting to apply RICO to situations for which it was not primarily intended), cert. denied, 445 U.S. 927 , 100 S.Ct. 1312 , 63 L.Ed.2d 759 (1980). [3] We turn next to the issue of the propriety of consolidating the offenses in the absence of proof of racketeering.
discussed
Cited "see"
Dana Corporation v. Blue Cross & Blue Shield Mutual Of Northern Ohio
See United States v. Huber, 603 F.2d 387, 393-94 (2d Cir.1979), cert. denied, 445 U.S. 927 , 100 S.Ct. 1312 , 63 L.Ed.2d 759 (1980) (in view of the broad construction of RICO, a group of corporations can form an enterprise).
discussed
Cited "see"
People v. Williams
(2×)
See United States v. Huber, 603 F.2d 387 (2d Cir.1979), cert. denied, 445 U.S. 927 , 100 S.Ct. 1312 , 63 L.Ed.2d 759 (1980); United States v. King, 532 F.2d 505 (5th Cir.), cert. denied, 429 U.S. 960 , 97 S.Ct. 384 , 50 L.Ed.2d 327 (1976); People v. Tidwell, 706 P.2d 438 (Colo.App.1985).
discussed
Cited "see"
Dana Corp. v. Blue Cross & Blue Shield Mutual of Northern Ohio
See United States v. Huber, 603 F.2d 387, 393-94 (2d Cir.1979), cert. denied, 445 U.S. 927 , 100 S.Ct. 1312 , 63 L.Ed.2d 759 (1980) (in view of the broad construction of RICO, a group of corporations can form an enterprise).
discussed
Cited "see"
United States v. Young & Rubicam, Inc.
See United States v. Huber, 603 F.2d 387, 393 (2d Cir.1979), cert. denied, 445 U.S. 927 , 100 S.Ct. 1312 , 63 L.Ed.2d 759 (1980) (noting that other courts had dealt with the issue, the Court declined defendant’s invitation to re-consider the constitutionality of RICO); United States v. Tripp, 782 F.2d 38, 41-42 (6th Cir.), cert. denied, 475 U.S. 1128 , 106 S.Ct. 1656 , 90 L.Ed.2d 199 (1986); United States v. Ruggiero, 726 F.2d 913, 926 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 469 U.S. 831 , 105 S.Ct. 118 , 83 L.Ed.2d 60 (1984); United States v. Uni Oil, Inc., 646 F.2d 946, 949-53 (5th Cir.1981), ce rt. deni…
cited
Cited "see"
United States v. Richard Stolfi and Frank Casalino
See United States v. Huber, 603 F.2d 387, 393-94 (2d Cir.1979) (group of corporations can be a RICO enterprise), cert. denied, 445 U.S. 927 , 100 S.Ct. 1312 , 63 L.Ed.2d 759 (1980).
discussed
Cited "see"
Public Citizen v. National Advisory Committee on Microbiological Criteria for Foods
(2×)
See Goland v. CIA, 607 F.2d 339, 367 , 370 n. 7 (D.C.Cir.1979) (per curiam on motion to vacate and petition for rehearing), cert, denied, 445 U.S. 927 , 100 S.Ct. 1312 , 63 L.Ed.2d 759 (1980).
discussed
Cited "see"
United States v. Ronald J. Perholtz, United States of America v. Franklin W. Jackson, United States of America v. Gregory W. Fletcher
(2×)
also: Cited "see, e.g."
See United States v. Huber, 603 F.2d 387, 394 (2d Cir.1979), cert. denied, 445 U.S. 927 , 100 S.Ct. 1312 , 63 L.Ed.2d 759 (1980); see also McCullough v. Suter, 757 F.2d 142, 143-44 (7th Cir.1985) (“we do not suppose that ‘Murder Inc.’ was really a corporation; and we cannot believe that Congress would have wanted gangsters [associated in fact] to be able to escape the clutches of section 1962(c) just by avoiding the corporate form”).
cited
Cited "see"
United States v. John Horak, and United States of America v. John Horak
See United States v. Huber, 603 F.2d 387, 396 (2d Cir.1979), cert. denied, 445 U.S. 927 , 100 S.Ct. 1312 , 63 L.Ed.2d 759 (1980).
cited
Cited "see"
Ricardo Newball v. Offshore Logistics International
See Goland v. Central Intelligence Agency, 607 F.2d 339, 372 (D.C.Cir. 1978), cert. denied, 445 U.S. 927 , 100 S.Ct. 1312 , 63 L.Ed.2d 759 (1980); Gulf Coast, 460 F.2d at 108 .
cited
Cited "see"
Michael Meeropol, A/K/A Rosenberg v. Edwin Meese Iii, Attorney General of the United States
Accord Goland v. CIA, 607 F.2d 339, 369 (D.C.Cir.1978) (on petition for rehearing), cer t. denied, 445 U.S. 927 , 100 S.Ct. 1312 , 63 L.Ed.2d 759 (1980).
discussed
Cited "see"
American Federation of Government Employees, Local 2782 v. United States Department of Commerce
See Goland v. CIA, 607 F.2d 339, 353 (D.C.Cir.1978), vacated in part, 607 F.2d 367 (D.C.Cir.1979) (per curiam), cert. denied, 445 U.S. 927 , 100 S.Ct. 1312 , 63 L.Ed.2d 759 (1980); Marks v. Department of Justice, 578 F.2d 261, 263 (9th Cir.1978). “[Bjroad, sweeping requests lacking specificity are not permissible.” Marks, 578 F.2d at 263 (citation omitted).
cited
Cited "see"
United States v. Gerald Waechter
See United States v. Huber, 603 F.2d 387, 398-99 (2d Cir.1979), cert. denied, 445 U.S. 927 , 100 S.Ct. 1312 , 63 L.Ed.2d 759 (1980).
cited
Cited "see"
United States v. Robert J. Brack
See United States v. Huber, 603 F.2d 387, 398 (2d Cir.1979), cert. denied, 445 U.S. 926 , 100 S.Ct. 1312 , 63 L.Ed.2d 759 (1980).
discussed
Cited "see"
SEDIMA, S.P.R.L., Appellant, v. IMREX COMPANY, INC., Gidon Armon and Jacob Armon, Appellees
(2×)
See United States v. Huber, 603 F.2d 387, 393 (2d Cir.1979), cert. denied, 445 U.S. 927 , 100 S.Ct. 1312 , 63 L.Ed.2d 759 (1980); United States v. Altese, 542 F.2d 104, 107 (2d Cir.1976), cert. denied, 429 U.S. 1039 , 97 S.Ct. 736 , 50 L.Ed.2d 750 (1977).
discussed
Cited "see"
Hudson v. Larouche
See United States v. Huber, 603 F.2d 387, 393-94 (2d Cir.1979) (a group of corporations may be an enterprise), cert. denied, 445 U.S. 927 , 100 S.Ct. 1312 , 63 L.Ed.2d 759 (1980); United States v. Thevis, 665 F.2d 616, 625 (5th Cir.1982) (a group of individuals associated in fact with various corporations may be an enterprise), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 825 , 103 S.Ct. 57 , 74 L.Ed.2d 61 (1982).
cited
Cited "see"
Maryann Paisley v. Central Intelligence Agency
See Goland v. CIA, 607 F.2d 339 (D.C.Cir.1978), vacated in part on other grounds, 607 F.2d 367 (D.C.Cir.1979), cert. denied, 445 U.S. 927 , 100 S.Ct. 1312 , 63 L.Ed.2d 759 (1980).
discussed
Cited "see"
Weisberg v. U.S. Department of Justice
As we have recently made clear, “[t]he issue is not whether any further documents might conceivably exist but rather whether the government’s search for responsive documents was adequate.” Perry v. Block, 684 F.2d 121, 128 (D.C.Cir.1982) (per curiam) (emphasis in original); see Goland v. CIA, 607 F.2d 339, 367, 369 (D.C.Cir.1979) (per curiam on motion to vacate and petition for rehearing), cert. denied, 445 U.S. 927 , 100 S.Ct. 1312 , 63 L.Ed.2d 759 (1980).
cited
Cited "see"
Illinois Institute for Continuing Legal Education v. United States Department of Labor
See Goland v. CIA, 607 F.2d 339, 353-55 (D.C.Cir.1978), cert, denied, 445 U.S. 927 , 100 S.Ct. 1312 , 63 L.Ed.2d 759 (1980); Nolen v. Rumsfeld, 535 F.2d 890 (5th Cir. 1980); House Rep.
examined
Cited "see"
Holy Spirit Association for the Unification of World Christianity v. Federal Bureau of Investigation
(3×)
See generally Goland v. CIA, 607 F.2d 339 (D.C.Cir.1978) (document not “agency record” where congressional intent to retain control is clear), cert. denied, 445 U.S. 927 , 100 S.Ct. 1312 , 63 L.Ed.2d 759 (1980).
discussed
Cited "see"
British Airports Authority v. Civil Aeronautics Board
See Goland v. CIA, 607 F.2d 339, 351-52 (D.C.Cir.1978) (finding that an affidavit filed by CIA counsel satisfied the Vaughn requirements of “detailed justification,” “specificity,” and “separation”), cert. denied, 445 U.S. 927 , 100 S.Ct. 1312 , 63 L.Ed.2d 759 (1980).
cited
Cited "see"
United States v. Robert Muni
See United States v. Huber, 603 F.2d 387 (2d Cir. 1979), cert. denied, 445 U.S. 927 , 100 S.Ct. 1312 , 63 L.Ed.2d 759 (1980).
discussed
Cited "see"
Fund for Constitutional Government v. National Archives and Records Service
See Goland v. CIA, 197 U.S.App.D.C. 25, 36 , 607 F.2d 339, 350 (1978), cert. denied, 445 U.S. 927 , 100 S.Ct. 1312 , 63 L.Ed.2d 759 (1980). 29 The legislative history and cases construing the rule indicate that it was intended to preserve the traditional rule of grand jury secrecy with certain limited exceptions.
discussed
Cited "see"
Morton H. Halperin v. Central Intelligence Agency
See Goland v. CIA, 607 F.2d 339, 349-50 (D.C.Cir.1978), cert. denied, 445 U.S. 927 , 100 S.Ct. 1312 , 63 L.Ed.2d 759 (1980); Ray v. Turner, 587 F.2d 1187, 1196 (D.C.Cir.1978); Baker v. CIA, 580 F.2d 664, 668-69 (D.
discussed
Cited "see"
Williams v. State
We recognize that the Florida Supreme Court recently stated, in regard to a different statute, that "gain time allowance is an act of grace rather than a vested right and may be withdrawn, modified or denied." Harris v. Wainwright, 376 So.2d 855, 856 (Fla. 1979); see Weaver v. Graham, 376 So.2d 855 (Fla. 1979), cert. granted, ___ U.S. ___, 100 S.Ct. 1311 , 63 L.Ed.2d 759 (1980).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Judicial Watch, Inc. v. United States Department of Justice
The Court may award summary judgment in a FOIA case solely on the basis of information provided in affidavits or decla *89 rations when they describe “the documents and the justifications for nondisclosure with reasonably specific detail, demonstrate that the information withheld logically falls within the claimed exemption, and are not controverted by either contrary evidence in the record nor by evidence of agency bad faith.” Military Audit Project v. Casey, 656 F.2d 724, 738 (D.C.Cir.1981); see also Goland v. C.I.A, 607 F.2d 339, 352 (D.C.Cir.1978), cert. denied, 445 U.S. 927 , 100 S.Ct…
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
May v. Internal Revenue Service
See also, Meeropol v. Meese, 790 F.2d 942, 956 (D.C.Cir.1986) (“[A] search need not be perfect, only adequate, and adequacy is measured by the reasonableness of the effort in light of the specific request.”) In order to prove the reasonableness of its search, an agency may rely upon affidavits of responsible agency officials, provided that such affidavits are “relatively detailed, noneonclusory, and submitted in good faith.” Miller, 779 F.2d at 1383 (citing Goland v. Central Intelligence Agency, 607 F.2d 339, 352 (D.C.Cir.1978), cert. denied, 445 U.S. 927 , 100 S.Ct. 1312 , 63 L.Ed.2d …
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Tarr v. Credit Suisse Asset Management, Inc.
See also United States v. Huber, 603 F.2d 387, 395-96 (2d Cir.1979) (“the potentially broad reach of RICO poses a danger of abuse [through] attempts to apply the statute to situations for which it was not primarily attempted”), cert. denied, 445 U.S. 927 , 100 S.Ct. 1312 , 63 L.Ed.2d 759 (1980).
Retrieving the full opinion text from the archive…
Posner
v.
United States
v.
United States
No. 79-903.
Supreme Court of the United States.
Mar 17, 1980.
Cited by 264 opinions | Published
Citer courts: E.D. New York (1) · S.D. New York (1)
C. A. 7th Cir. Certiorari denied.