Berard v. Gen. Motors Corp., 451 U.S. 987 (1981). · Go Syfert
Berard v. Gen. Motors Corp., 451 U.S. 987 (1981). Cases Citing This Book View Copy Cite
75 citation events (1 in the last 25 years) across 29 distinct courts.
Strongest positive: Schochet v. State (mdctspecapp, 1988-05-19)
Treatment trajectory · 1981 → 2026 · click a year to view as-of
1981 2003 2026
Top citers, strongest first. 14 distinct citers. How cited ↗
discussed Cited "see" Schochet v. State
Md. Ct. Spec. App. · 1988 · signal: see · confidence high
See People v. Onofre, 415 N.E.2d 936 (N.Y.1980), cert. denied 451 U.S. 987 , 101 S.Ct. 2323 , 68 L.Ed.2d 845 (1981); State v. Pilcher, 242 N.W.2d 348 (Iowa 1976); Post v. State, 715 P.2d 1105 (Okla.Crim.
cited Cited "see" Frito-Lay, Inc. v. Bachman Co.
S.D.N.Y. · 1986 · signal: see · confidence high
See Brager & Co., Inc. v. Leumi Securities Corp., 429 F.Supp. 1341 (S.D.N.Y.1977), aff 'd, 646 F.2d 559 (2d Cir.1980), cert. denied, 451 U.S. 987 , 101 S.Ct. 2322 , 68 L.Ed.2d 845 (1981).
discussed Cited "see" Reborn Enterprises, Inc. v. Fine Child, Inc.
S.D.N.Y. · 1984 · signal: see · confidence high
See Brager & Co. v. Leumi Securities Corp., 429 F.Supp. 1341, 1345 (S.D.N.Y.1977) (Weinfeld, J.), aff'd mem., 646 F.2d 559 (2d Cir.1980), cert, denied, 451 U.S. 987 , 101 S.Ct. 2322 , 68 L.Ed.2d 845 (1981); I.
discussed Cited "see" Marjorie H. Rowland v. Mad River Local School District, Montgomery County, Ohio, a Public Body Corporate, Robert L. Bell (2×)
6th Cir. · 1984 · signal: see · confidence high
See People v. Onofre, 51 N.Y.2d 476 , 434 N.Y.S.2d 947 , 415 N.E.2d 936 (1980), cert. denied, 451 U.S. 987 , 101 S.Ct. 2323 , 68 L.Ed.2d 845 (1981).
discussed Cited "see" Bulkferts Inc. v. Salatin Inc.
S.D.N.Y. · 1983 · signal: see · confidence high
Proof of the independence of the actors requires an analysis of the “economic realities of their relationship.” Id.; see generally, Brager v. Leumi Securities, 429 F.Supp. 1341, 1345 (S.D.N.Y.1977) (Weinfeld, J.), aff'd, 646 F.2d 559 (1980), cert. denied, 451 U.S. 987 , 101 S.Ct. 2322 , 68 L.Ed.2d 845 (1981); Las Vegas Sun Inc. v. Summa, Inc., 610 F.2d 614 , 617 (9th Cir.1979), cert. denied, 447 U.S. 906 , 100 S.Ct. 2988 , 64 L.Ed.2d 855 (1980); Hunt-Wesson Foods v. Ragu Foods, 627 F.2d 919 , 927 n. 5 (9th Cir.1980), cert. denied, 450 U.S. 921 , 101 S.Ct. 1369 , 67 L.Ed.2d 348 (1981); DuPo…
discussed Cited "see" The American Civil Liberties Union Of Georgia v. Rabun County Chamber Of Commerce (2×) also: Cited "see, e.g."
11th Cir. · 1983 · signal: see · confidence high
Although the promotion of tourism is a secular goal commonly pursued by states, cities and counties alike, a government may not "employ religious means to reach a secular goal unless secular means are wholly unavailing." School District of Abington Township v. Schempp, 374 U.S. 203, 294 , 83 S.Ct. 1560, 1609 , 10 L.Ed.2d 844 (1963) (Brennan, J., concurring); see Gilfillan v. City of Philadelphia, 637 F.2d 924, 930 (3d Cir.1980), cert. denied, 451 U.S. 987 , 101 S.Ct. 2322 , 68 L.Ed.2d 845 (1981) (rejecting city's alleged secular purpose of improving public relations by constructing platform, i…
discussed Cited "see" American Civil Liberties Union of Georgia v. Rabun County Chamber of Commerce, Inc. (2×) also: Cited "see, e.g."
11th Cir. · 1983 · signal: see · confidence high
Although the promotion of tourism is a secular goal commonly pursued by states, cities and counties alike, a government may not “employ religious means to reach a secular goal unless secular means are wholly unavailing.” School District of Abington Township v. Schempp, 374 U.S. 203, 294 , 83 S.Ct. 1560, 1609 , 10 L.Ed.2d 844 (1963) (Brennan, J., concurring); see Gil fillan v. City of Philadelphia, 637 F.2d 924, 930 (3d Cir.1980), cert. denied, 451 U.S. 987 , 101 S.Ct. 2322 , 68 L.Ed.2d 845 (1981) (rejecting city’s alleged secular purpose of improving public relations by constructing plat…
discussed Cited "see" The American Civil Liberties Union Of Georgia v. Rabun County Chamber Of Commerce (2×) also: Cited "see, e.g."
11th Cir. · 1982 · signal: see · confidence high
Although the promotion of tourism is a secular goal commonly pursued by states, cities and counties alike, a government may not "employ religious means to reach a secular goal unless secular means are wholly unavailing." School District of Abington Township v. Schempp, 374 U.S. 203, 294 , 83 S.Ct. 1560, 1609 , 10 L.Ed.2d 844 (1963) (Brennan, J., concurring); see Gilfillan v. City of Philadelphia, 637 F.2d 924, 930 (3d Cir. 1980), cert. denied, 451 U.S. 987 , 101 S.Ct. 2322 , 68 L.Ed.2d 845 (1981) (rejecting city's alleged secular purpose of improving public relations by constructing platform, …
discussed Cited "see" American Civil Liberties Union of Georgia v. Rabun County Chamber of Commerce, Inc. (2×) also: Cited "see, e.g."
11th Cir. · 1982 · signal: see · confidence high
Although the promotion of tourism is a secular goal commonly pursued by states, cities and counties alike, a government may not “employ religious means to reach a secular goal unless secular means are wholly unavailing.” School District of Abington Township v. Schempp, 374 U.S. 203, 294 , 83 S.Ct. 1560, 1609 , 10 L.Ed.2d 844 (1963) (Brennan, J., concurring); see Gilfillan v. City of Philadelphia, 637 F.2d 924, 930 (3d Cir. 1980), cert. denied, 451 U.S. 987 , 101 S.Ct. 2322 , 68 L.Ed.2d 845 (1981) (rejecting city’s alleged secular purpose of improving public relations by constructing plat…
cited Cited "see, e.g." Agathos v. Starlite Motel.
3rd Cir. · 1995 · signal: see, e.g. · confidence low
See, e.g., Gilfillan v. City of Philadelphia, 637 F.2d 924 , 931 n. 6 (3d Cir.1980), cert. denied, 451 U.S. 987 , 101 S.Ct. 2322 , 68 L.Ed.2d 845 (1981).
cited Cited "see, e.g." Agathos v. Starlite Motel
3rd Cir. · 1995 · signal: see, e.g. · confidence low
See, e.g., Gilfillan v. City of Philadelphia, 637 F.2d 924 , 931 n. 6 (3d Cir.1980), cert. denied, 451 U.S. 987 , 101 S.Ct. 2322 , 68 L.Ed.2d 845 (1981).
discussed Cited "see, e.g." High Tech Gays v. Defense Industrial Security Clearance Office
N.D. Cal. · 1987 · signal: see also · confidence low
Adolph Coors Co. v. Wallace, 570 F.Supp. 202 , 209 n. 24 (N.D.Cal.1983); see also People v. Onofre, 51 N.Y.2d 476 , 434 N.Y.S.2d 947 , 415 N.E.2d 936 (N.Y.1980), cert. denied, 451 U.S. 987 , 101 S.Ct. 2323 , 68 L.Ed.2d 845 (1981); Gay Law Students Ass’n v. Pacific Tel. & Tel., 24 Cal.3d 458 , 156 Cal.Rptr. 14 , 595 P.2d 592 (1979); Note, The Constitutional Status of Sexual Orientation: Homosexuality as a Suspect Classification, 98 Harv.L.Rev. 1285 (1985); but see Padula v. Webster, 822 F.2d 97 (D.C.Cir.1987) (WESTLAW, Allfeds Library) (“homosexuals, as defined as persons who engage in homo…
discussed Cited "see, e.g." Rich v. Secretary of Army
10th Cir. · 1984 · signal: compare · confidence low
Compare DeSantis v. Pacific Telephone & Telegraph Co., 608 F.2d 327 (9th Cir.1979) ("courts have not designated homosexuals as ‘suspect’ or ‘quasi-suspect’ classification so as to require more exacting scrutiny” under 42 U.S.C. § 1985 (3)) and Lovisi v. Slayton, 539 F.2d 349, 352 (4th Cir.1976) (en banc) (addendum added after Supreme Court affirmed Doe) (Doe “necessarily confined the constitutionally protected right of privacy to heterosexual conduct.”), cer t. denied, 429 U.S. 977 , 97 S.Ct. 485 , 50 L.Ed.2d 585 (1976) with Baker v. Wade, 553 F.Supp. 1121 (N.D.Tex.1982) (develo…
cited Cited "see, e.g." General Electric Co. v. Bucyrus-Erie Co.
S.D.N.Y. · 1983 · signal: see also · confidence low
See also Brager & Co. v. Leumi Securities Corp., 429 F.Supp. 1341, 1349 (S.D.N.Y.1977), aff’d, 646 F.2d 559 (2d Cir.1980), cert. denied, 451 U.S. 987 , 101 S.Ct. 2322 , 68 L.Ed.2d 845 (1981). 6 .
Retrieving the full opinion text from the archive…
Berard
v.
General Motors Corp.
No. 80-1603.
Supreme Court of the United States.
May 18, 1981.
451 U.S. 987
Published

C. A. 1st Cir. Certiorari denied.