Bruder v. Texas, 452 U.S. 940 (1981). · Go Syfert
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Bruder v. Texas, 452 U.S. 940 (1981). Cases Citing This Book View Copy Cite
“guardians iv”
181 citation events (5 in the last 25 years) across 44 distinct courts.
Strongest positive: Cuesta v. New York Office of Court Administration (nysd, 1989-03-16)
Treatment trajectory · 1981 → 2026 · click a year to view as-of
1981 2003 2026
Top citers, strongest first. 29 distinct citers. How cited ↗
discussed Cited as authority (quoted) Cuesta v. New York Office of Court Administration
S.D.N.Y. · 1989 · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence low
guardians iv
discussed Cited as authority (quoted) Vanguard Justice Society, Inc. v. Hughes
D. Maryland · 1984 · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence low
guardians iv
discussed Cited as authority (quoted) 31 Fair empl.prac.cas. 767, 31 Empl. Prac. Dec. P 33,511 Brenda Berkman, on Behalf of Herself and a Class Consisting of All Similarly Situated Women v. The City of New York Edward Koch, Individually and as Mayor of the City of New York New York City Fire Department Augustus Beekman, Individually and as Fire Commissioner of the City of New York New York City Department of Personnel Michael Nadeo, Individually and as Director of Personnel of the City of New York Thomas Roche, Individually and as Former Director of Personnel of the City of New York Civil Service Commission of the City of New York, Uniformed Firefighters Association Local 94, Defendant-Intervenor-Appellant
2d Cir. · 1983 · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence low
guardians iv
discussed Cited as authority (quoted) Kirkland v. NY STATE DEPT. OF CORRECTIONAL SERV.
S.D.N.Y. · 1982 · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence low
guardians i
discussed Cited as authority (quoted) Kirkland v. New York State Department of Correctional Services
S.D.N.Y. · 1982 · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence low
guardians i
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Atonio v. Wards Cove Packing Co.
9th Cir. · 1987 · confidence medium
Id. at 1016-17.); Bauer v. Bailar, 647 F.2d 1037, 1043 (10th Cir.1981) ("Subjective hiring and promotion decisions, particularly where made in the absence of specific standards and guidelines!,] may not go unexplained if there is a significantly disproportionate non-selection of members of a [protected] group____”).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Atonio v. Wards Cove Packing Company
9th Cir. · 1987 · confidence medium
Id. at 1016-17.); Bauer v. Bailar, 647 F.2d 1037, 1043 (10th Cir.1981) ("Subjective hiring and promotion decisions, particularly where made in the absence of specific standards and guidelines[,] may not go unexplained if there is a significantly disproportionate non-selection of members of a [protected] group....").
cited Cited as authority (rule) Sheehan v. Purolator, Inc.
E.D.N.Y · 1984 · confidence medium
Id. at 1017.
cited Cited "see" Carrabus v. Schneider
E.D.N.Y · 2000 · signal: see · confidence high
See Guardians Ass’n of New York City Police Dept., Inc. v. Civil Service Com’n of City of New York, 630 F.2d 79, 88 (2d Cir.1980), cert. denied, 452 U.S. 940 , 101 S.Ct. 3083 , 69 L.Ed.2d 954 (1981).
discussed Cited "see" Green v. Town of Hamden
D. Conn. · 1999 · signal: see · confidence high
See The Guardians Association of the New York City Police Department, Inc. v. Civil Service Commission of the City of New York, 630 F.2d 79, 91 (2d Cir.1980), cert. denied, 452 U.S. 940, 101 S.Ct. 3083 , 69 L.Ed.2d 954 (1981) (EEOC Guidelines are “entitled to deference, not obedience”).
cited Cited "see" Cole v. Ruidoso Municipal Schools
10th Cir. · 1994 · signal: see · confidence high
See App. I at 220 (citing Grant v. Bethlehem Steel Corp., 635 F.2d 1007, 1018-19 (2d Cir.1980), cert. denied, 452 U.S. 940 , 101 S.Ct. 3083 , 69 L.Ed.2d 954 (1981)).
cited Cited "see" Cole v. Ruidoso Municipal Schools
10th Cir. · 1994 · signal: see · confidence high
See App. I at 220 (citing Grant v. Bethlehem Steel Corp., 635 F.2d 1007, 1018-19 (2d Cir.1980), cert. denied, 452 U.S. 940 , 101 S.Ct. 3083 , 69 L.Ed.2d 954 (1981)).
cited Cited "see" Henry M. LOPEZ, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. METROPOLITAN LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY, Defendant-Appellee
2d Cir. · 1991 · signal: see · confidence high
See Grant v. Bethlehem Steel Corp., 635 F.2d 1007, 1014 (2d Cir.1980), cert. denied, 452 U.S. 940 , 101 S.Ct. 3083 , 69 L.Ed.2d 954 (1981).
cited Cited "see" Equal Employment Opportunity Commission v. Local 580, International Ass'n of Bridge, Structural & Ornamental Ironworkers
S.D.N.Y. · 1987 · signal: see · confidence high
See id.
discussed Cited "see" Brunet v. City of Columbus
S.D. Ohio · 1986 · signal: accord · confidence high
Louis, 549 F.2d 506, 511-512 (8th Cir.), cert. denied, 434 U.S. 819 , 98 S.Ct. 60 , 54 L.Ed.2d 76 (1977); accord, Guardian’s Association v. Civil Service Commission, 630 F.2d 79, 98-100 (2nd Cir.1980), ce rt. denied, 452 U.S. 940 , 101 S.Ct. 3083 , 69 L.Ed.2d 954 (1981); Berkman v. City of New York, supra, at 195; Burney v. City of Pawtucket, 559 F.Supp. 1089, 1101-1103 (D.R.I.1983); see generally, B.
discussed Cited "see" Virgo v. Local Union 580 (2×)
S.D.N.Y. · 1986 · signal: see · confidence high
See Grant v. Bethlehem Steel Corp., 635 F.2d 1007, 1014 (2d Cir.1980), cert. denied, 452 U.S. 940 , 101 S.Ct. 3083 , 69 L.Ed.2d 954 (1981). 26 .
discussed Cited "see" Jack v. State
Tex. App. · 1985 · signal: see · confidence high
See Bruder v. State, 601 S.W.2d 102, 103 (Tex.Civ.App. — Dallas 1980, writ ref’d n.r.e.), cert, denied, 452 U.S. 940 , 101 S.Ct. 3084 , 69 L.Ed.2d 954 (1981); Beavers v. Consolidated Oil Co. of Texas, 31 S.W.2d 876, 878 (Tex.Civ.App. — Amarillo 1930, writ dism’d).
discussed Cited "see" Thomas v. City of Evanston
N.D. Ill. · 1985 · signal: see · confidence high
See Guardian Ass’n of New York City v. Civil Service Comm’n., 630 F.2d 79, 94-95 (2d Cir.1980), cert. denied, 452 U.S. 940 , 101 S.Ct. 3083 , 69 L.Ed.2d 954 (1981); Harless v. Duck, 619 F.2d 611, 616 (6th Cir.1980); United States v. City of Chicago, 573 F.2d 416, 425 (7th Cir.1978); Berkman v. City of New York, 536 F.Supp. 177, 206-12 (E.D.N.Y.1982), affd, 705 F.2d 584, 585 (2d Cir.1983).
discussed Cited "see" United States v. City of Yonkers
S.D.N.Y. · 1984 · signal: see · confidence high
Moreover, the Casteneda threshold operates to establish an inference as to discrimination only above the line; there is no converse presumption ascribing to chance levels of probability below “two or three.” Equal Employment Opportunity Commission v. American National Bank, 652 F.2d 1176, 1192 (4th Cir.1981) (Phillips, J.), cert, denied, 459 U.S. 923 , 103 S.Ct. 235 , 74 L.Ed.2d 186 (1982). “[W]ell short of three standard deviations the probability levels for chance as explanation have already dropped far below the point at which courts of law — concerned with proof by the ‘greater w…
cited Cited "see" 33 Fair empl.prac.cas. 238, 32 Empl. Prac. Dec. P 33,890 Leonard Williams, Sr., Herbert Allison Paul Gains Richard S. Gresh Nicholas E. Modarelli John William Averhart, Jr. Ismael Caraballo, Jr. Objectors-Appellants v. George Vukovich Otis Coney, Sr. Stanley E. Peterson, Chief of Police Richard J. Groucutt, Administrator
6th Cir. · 1983 · signal: see · confidence high
See Guardian's Ass'n. of New York v. Civil Service, 630 F.2d 79 , 100 (2d Cir.1980), cert. denied, 452 U.S. 940 , 101 S.Ct. 3083 , 69 L.Ed.2d 954 (1981).
discussed Cited "see" Bushey v. New York State Civil Service Commission
N.D.N.Y. · 1983 · signal: see · confidence high
See Guardians Association of the New York City Police Department, Inc. v. Civil Service Commission, 630 F.2d 79, 104-05 (2d Cir.1980), cert. denied, 452 U.S. 940 , 101 S.Ct. 3083 , 69 L.Ed.2d 954 (1981).
cited Cited "see" Larson v. Mulcrone
N.D. Ill. · 1982 · signal: see · confidence high
See Margoles v. Tormey, 643 F.2d 1292, 1299 (7th Cir.), cert. denied, 452 U.S. 939 , 101 S.Ct. 3082 , 69 L.Ed.2d 954 (1981); Bonner v. Coughlin, 545 F.2d 565, 567 (7th Cir. 1976) (en banc).
cited Cited "see" Ingram v. Madison Square Garden Center, Inc.
S.D.N.Y. · 1982 · signal: see · confidence high
See Grant v. Bethlehem Steel Corp., 635 F.2d 1007 , 1020 n.3 (2d Cir. 1980) cert. denied, 452 U.S. 940 , 101 S.Ct. 3083 , 69 L.Ed.2d 954 (1981).
discussed Cited "see" Allen v. Colgate-Palmolive Co.
S.D.N.Y. · 1981 · signal: see · confidence high
See The Guardians Ass'n v. Civil Service Comm’n, 633 F.2d 232 (2d Cir. 1980), cert. denied, 452 U.S. 940 , 101 S.Ct. 3083 , 69 L.Ed.2d 954 (1981), aff’g on this ground, 431 F.Supp. 526 (S.D.N.Y.1977); Kephart v. Institute of Gas Technology, 630 F.2d 1217 (7th Cir. 1980), cert. denied, 450 U.S. 959 , 101 S.Ct. 1418 , 67 L.Ed.2d 383 (1981).
discussed Cited "see, e.g." Groves v. Alabama State Board of Education
M.D. Ala. · 1991 · signal: see also · confidence low
See also Guardians Ass’n v. Civil Service Comm’n of City of New York, 630 F.2d 79, 91 (2nd *1528 Cir.1980) (Uniform Guidelines “are entitled to deference, not obedience”), cert. denied, 452 U.S. 940 , 101 S.Ct. 3083 , 69 L.Ed.2d 954 (1981); Shoben, 812 (“the four-fifths rule produces anomalous results because it does not account for differences in sample size and does not consider the magnitude of differences in pass rates"); B.
discussed Cited "see, e.g." United States v. State of NJ (2×)
D.N.J. · 1986 · signal: see also · confidence low
See Williams v. Vukovich, 720 F.2d 909 (6th Cir.1983); See also Guardians Ass'n of New York v. Civil Service, 630 F.2d 79 (2nd Cir.1980), cert. denied. 452 U.S. 940 , 101 S.Ct. 3083 , 69 L.Ed.2d 954 (1981).
discussed Cited "see, e.g." United States v. New Jersey (2×)
D.N.J. · 1986 · signal: see also · confidence low
See Williams v. Vukovich, 720 F.2d 909 (6th Cir.1983); See also Guardians Ass’n of New York v. Civil Service, 630 F.2d 79 (2nd Cir.1980), cert. denied. 452 U.S. 940 , 101 S.Ct. 3083 , 69 L.Ed.2d 954 (1981).
discussed Cited "see, e.g." Deo C. Choudhury v. Polytechnic Institute of New York
2d Cir. · 1984 · signal: compare · confidence low
Compare Thomas v. Maimonides Medical Center, 511 F.Supp. 665 (E.D.N.Y.1981) (allowing retaliation claim under § 1981) with Grant v. Bethlehem Steel Corp., 22 FEP Cases 680 (S.D.N.Y.1978), rev’d on other grounds, 635 F.2d 1007 (2d Cir.1980), cert. denied, 452 U.S. 940 , 101 S.Ct. 3083 , 69 L.Ed.2d 954 (1981); Hudson v. Int’l Business Machines Corp., 22 FEP 947 (S.D.N.Y.1975), aff 'd on other grounds, 620 F.2d 351 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 1066 , 101 S.Ct. 794 , 66 L.Ed.2d 611 (1980) (retaliation claim rejected).
discussed Cited "see, e.g." Vulcan Society of New York City Fire Department, Inc. v. City of New York
S.D.N.Y. · 1983 · signal: see, e.g. · confidence low
See, e.g., Guardians Association of the New York City Police Department, Inc. v. Civil Service Commission of New York, 630 F.2d 79, 106-09 (2d Cir.1980), cert. denied, 452 U.S. 940 , 101 S.Ct. 3083 , 69 L.Ed.2d 954 (1981); Vulcan Society of the New York City Fire Department v. Civil Service Commission of New York, 490 F.2d 387, 398-99 (2d Cir.1973).
Retrieving the full opinion text from the archive…
Bruder
v.
Texas
No. 80-1760.
Supreme Court of the United States.
Jun 15, 1981.
452 U.S. 940
Published
2 passages pin-cited by 5 cases
Pinpoint authority: bottom 92%
Citer courts: S.D. New York (3) · Second Circuit (1) · D. Maryland (1)

Ct. Civ. App. Tex., 5th Sup. Jud. Dist. Certiorari denied.