green
Positive treatment
Quoted verbatim 3×
7.6 score
G Cite
cited 2× by 2 distinct cases, last quoted 1987 ·
…mcdonnell douglas ... pertains primarily ... to situations where direct evidence of discrimination is lacking
⚠ not in text
Treatment trajectory · 1984 → 2026 · click a year to view as-of
1984
2005
2026
Top citers, strongest first. 28 distinct citers.
How cited ↗
discussed
Cited as authority (quoted)
Gavalik v. Continental Can Co.
(2×)
also: Cited "see, e.g."
mcdonnell douglas ... pertains primarily ... to situations where direct evidence of discrimination is lacking
discussed
Cited as authority (quoted)
Robert Gavalik, Frank Grelo, Joseph Urban, Anthony Ulyan, Donald A. Berger, Ronald Clarke, Henry Foster, George Patterson, Joseph Kellerman, Robert Pavlik, Phillip Farley, Thomas Riley, Thomas Warren and Francis Humenik v. Continental Can Company. Albert J. Jakub, Fred Cipriana, Jr., Anthony J. Bernardo, Thomas A. Mulligan, William T. Tarr, Donald W. Roberts, Ernest Wirbecki and George W. Stepanic on Behalf of Themselves and Others Similarly Situated Alfred Borrelli, Jr., Michael Di Iorio, Anthony Folino, Thomas E. Johston, Robert Kapolka, John C. Kincel, Peter A. Rumain, Harry H. Smith, Melvin J. Smith, Jack A. Stull and Ernest B. Taddeo, on Behalf of Themselves and Others Similarly Situated v. Continental Can Company, a Member of Continental Group, Inc. Appeal of Robert Gavalik and Albert J. Jakub Appeal of Continental Can Company, U.S.A., a Member of the Continental Group, Inc
(2×)
also: Cited "see, e.g."
mcdonnell douglas ... pertains primarily ... to situations where direct evidence of discrimination is lacking
discussed
Cited as authority (quoted)
Doe v. McFaul
negligence in failing to prevent the constitutional deprivation may suffice to support a 1983 claim
cited
Cited "see"
Fitzpatrick v. City of Atlanta
See Bell v. Birmingham Linen Service, 715 F.2d 1552, 1556 (11th Cir.1983), cert. denied, 467 U.S. 1204 , 104 S.Ct. 2385 , 81 L.Ed.2d 344 (1984).
discussed
Cited "see"
Fitzpatrick v. City of Atlanta
See Bell v. Birmingham Linen Service, 715 F.2d 1552, 1556 (11th Cir.1983), cert. denied, 467 U.S. 1204 , 104 S.Ct. 2385 , 81 L.Ed.2d 344 (1984). 51 Like the analytic framework used for disparate impact claims, the McDonnell Douglas-Burdine disparate treatment framework is composed of three stages.
discussed
Cited "see"
James v. Texas Department of Human Services
(2×)
See E.E.O.C. v. Safeway Stores, Inc., 714 F.2d 567 , 571-72 (5th Cir.1983), cert. denied, 467 U.S. 1204 , 104 S.Ct. 2384 , 81 L.Ed.2d 343 (1984); Eatmon v. Bristol Steel & Iron Works, Inc., 769 F.2d 1503, 1509 (11th Cir.1985).
discussed
Cited "see"
United States v. City of Northlake, Illinois
(2×)
See E.E.O.C. v. Safeway Stores, Inc., 714 F.2d 567 , 573-574 (5th Cir.1983) (holding that actions to consider or enforce voluntary conciliation agreements between the E.E.O.C. and the defendants under Title VII are properly within the jurisdiction of the federal courts), rehearing denied, 720 F.2d 677 , certiorari denied, 467 U.S. 1204 , 104 S.Ct. 2384 , 81 L.Ed.2d 343 ; E.E.O.C. v. Liberty Trucking Co., 695 F.2d 1038 , 1043-1044 (7th Cir.1982) (noting that consent decrees can be enforced directly in federal court through contempt proceedings and conciliation agreements may also be enforced in…
discussed
Cited "see"
USAir, Inc. v. National Mediation Board
See Russell v. National Mediation Bd., 714 F.2d 1332 (5th Cir.1983), cert. denied, 467 U.S. 1204 , 104 S.Ct. 2385 , 81 L.Ed.2d 344 (1984); International In-Flight Catering Co. v. National Mediation Bd., 555 F.2d 712 (9th Cir.1977). 18 .
discussed
Cited "see"
46 Fair empl.prac.cas. 930, 46 Empl. Prac. Dec. P 37,915 James Hill v. Metropolitan Atlanta Rapid Transit Authority, James Hill v. Metropolitan Atlanta Rapid Transit Authority
See Bell v. Birmingham Linen Service, 715 F.2d 1552, 1556 (11th Cir.1983), cert. denied, 467 U.S. 1204 , 104 S.Ct. 2385 , 81 L.Ed.2d 344 (1984); Lee v. Russell County Board of Education, 684 F.2d 769, 774 (11th Cir.1982).
discussed
Cited "see"
Hill v. Metropolitan Atlanta Rapid Transit Authority
See Bell v. Birmingham Linen Service, 715 F.2d 1552, 1556 (11th Cir.1983), cert. denied, 467 U.S. 1204 , 104 S.Ct. 2385 , 81 L.Ed.2d 344 (1984); Lee v. Russell County Board of Education, 684 F.2d 769, 774 (11th Cir.1982).
discussed
Cited "see"
United States v. Barror
See United States v. Mastrangelo, 693 F.2d 269, 273-74 (2d Cir. 1982), on remand, 561 F.Supp. 1114 (E.D.N.Y.), aff'd, 722 F.2d 13 (2d Cir. 1983), cert. denied, 467 U.S. 1204 , 104 S.Ct. 2385 , 81 L.Ed.2d 343 (1984); Olson v. Green, 668 F.2d 421 -22 (8th Cir.), cert. denied, 456 U.S. 1009 , 102 S.Ct. 2303 , 73 L.Ed.2d 1305 (1982); State v. Hansen, 312 N.W.2d 96, 105 (Minn. 1981).
discussed
Cited "see"
United States v. Gallo
See United States v. Mastrangelo, 693 F.2d 269, 273 (2d Cir.1982), on remand, 561 F.Supp. 1114 (E.D.N.Y.), affd, 722 F.2d 13 (2d Cir.1983), cert, denied, 467 U.S. 1204 , 104 S.Ct. 2385 , 81 L.Ed.2d 343 (1984).
discussed
Cited "see"
United States v. Castellano
See United States v. Mastrangelo, 561 F.Supp. 1114 (E.D.N.Y.), affd, 772 F.2d 13 (2d Cir.1983), cert. denied, — U.S. -, 104 S.Ct. 2384 , 81 L.Ed.2d 343 (1984); United States v. Mastrangelo, 693 F.2d 269 (2d Cir.1982); United States v. Mastrangelo, 662 F.2d 946 (2d Cir.1981), cert. denied, 456 U.S. 973 , 102 S.Ct. 2236 , 72 L.Ed.2d 847 (1982); United States v. Mastrangelo, 533 F.Supp. 389 (E.D.N.Y.1982).
discussed
Cited "see"
Hopkins v. Mayor & Council of City of Wilmington
These must include prior to termination, written notice of the reasons for termination and an effective opportunity to rebut those reasons.”), vacated on other grounds, 438 U.S. 901 , 98 S.Ct. 3118 , 57 L.Ed.2d 1144 (1978); Aiello v. City of Wilmington, 426 F.Supp. 1272, 1289 (D.Del.1976) (“While a rudimentary confrontation may satisfy the dictates of due process for the purpose of a short suspension in an ‘emergency’ case, something more may be required prior to an extended unpaid suspension....”); accord Loudermill v. Cleveland Board of Education, 721 F.2d 550 (6th Cir.1983), cert.…
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Perkins v. Herbert
The Second Circuit, as well as a majority of other circuit courts, has applied the “waiver-by-misconduct rule” in cases where the defendant has “wrongfully procured a witness’ silence through threats, actual violence or murder.” Cotto v. Herbert, 331 F.3d at 232 (citing United States v. Dhinsa, 243 F.3d at 651 ); see also United States v. Mastrangelo, 693 F.2d 269, 272-273 (2d Cir.1982) (“[W]hen a witness’ silence is procured by the defendant himself ... the defendant cannot then assert his confrontation clause rights in order to prevent prior grand jury testimony of that witness…
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Valle v. Johnson Controls World Services, Inc.
(2×)
See, e.g., E.E.O.C. v. Safeway Stores, Inc., 714 F.2d 567 (5th Cir.1983), ce rt. denied, 467 U.S. 1204 , 104 S.Ct. 2384 , 81 L.Ed.2d 343 (1984); Fulgence v. J.
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Mays v. United States Postal Service
See Barfield v. Orange County, 911 F.2d 644 (11th Cir.1990), cert. denied, 500 U.S. 954 , 111 S.Ct. 2263 , 114 L.Ed.2d 715 (1991) (regarding EEOC deter *1568 minations as “highly probative”) (citations omitted); see also Bell v. Birmingham Linen Serv., 715 F.2d 1552 , 1554 n. 4 (11th Cir.1983), ce rt. denied, 467 U.S. 1204 , 104 S.Ct. 2385 , 81 L.Ed.2d 344 (1984).
cited
Cited "see, e.g."
Plaisance v. Travelers Insurance
See also, Bell v. Birmingham Linen Service, 715 F.2d 1552, 1556 (11th Cir.1983), cert. denied, 467 U.S. 1204 , 104 S.Ct. 2385 , 81 L.Ed.2d 344 (1984).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Charles E. Gavette v. Nicholas Brady, Secretary of the Treasury
The court decided that an action brought to enforce the conciliation agreement was one brought under Title VII for jurisdictional purposes); see also EEOC v. Safeway Stores, Inc., 714 F.2d 567 , 575 (5th Cir.1983), cert. denied, 467 U.S. 1204 (1984). 8 The court in EEOC v. Henry Beck Co., 729 F.2d 301 (4th Cir.1984), held that an action to enforce a pre-determination settlement agreement was, in effect, brought under Title VII.
cited
Cited "see, e.g."
State v. Plante
See also State v. Condon, 468 A.2d 1348, 1350 (Me.1983), ce rt. denied, 467 U.S. 1204 , 104 S.Ct. 2385 , 81 L.Ed.2d 344 (1984).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
People v. Pappalardo
(Supra; see also, United States v Mastrangelo, 693 F2d 269 [2d Cir 1982], 722 F2d 13, cert denied 467 US 1204 ; Steele v Taylor, 684 F2d 1193 [6th Cir 1982], cert denied 460 US 1053 , reh denied sub nom.
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
William C. Haskell, Jr. v. United States Department of Agriculture
See, e.g., Bell v. Birmingham Linen Serv., 715 F.2d 1552 , 1554 n. 4 (11th Cir.1983) (EEOC determination held admissible evidence), cert. denied, 467 U.S. 1204 , 104 S.Ct. 2385 , 81 L.Ed.2d 344 (1984); Local Union No. 59, Int’l Bhd. of Elec.
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Frances Snider, Plaintiff-Appellee/cross-Appellant v. Circle K Corporation, a Texas Corporation, Defendant-Appellant/cross-Appellee
(2×)
Larson, Employment Discrimination § 48.24 at 9A-119 (1990) (“A negotiated [Title VII] settlement agreement is a contract, and a private party to such a contract may sue to enforce it like any other contract.”); see also EEOC v. Safeway Stores, Inc., 714 F.2d 567 , 573-74 (5th Cir.1983) (rejecting argument that exclusive recourse upon breach of Title VII settlement agreement is suit to establish underlying charge of discrimination), ce rt. denied, 467 U.S. 1204 , 104 S.Ct. 2384 , 81 L.Ed.2d 343 (1984); Kirby, 736 F.2d at 664 (noting that the employee could have brought an action for breach…
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Hamilton v. School Committee of the City of Boston
(2×)
See, e.g., EEOC v. Safeway Stores, Inc., 714 F.2d 567 (5th Cir.1983), cert. denied, 467 U.S. 1204 , 104 S.Ct. 2384 , 81 L.Ed.2d 343 (1984) (conciliation agreement); EEOC v. Liberty Trucking Co., 695 F.2d 1038 (7th Cir.1982) (same); EEOC v. Henry Beck Co., 729 F.2d 301 (4th Cir.1984) (pre-determination settlement agreement); Eatmon v. Bristol Steel & Iron Works, Inc., 769 F.2d 1503 (11th Cir.1985) (private persons may enforce settlement agreements in which defendant undertook to comply with conciliation agreement).
cited
Cited "see, e.g."
State v. Chisholm
See also State v. Condon, 468 A.2d 1348, 1350 (Me.1983), ce rt. denied, 467 U.S. 1204 , 104 S.Ct. 2385 , 81 L.Ed.2d 344 (1983).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Equal Employment Opportunity Commission v. Westinghouse Electric Corporation
(2×)
See also EEOC v. City of Altoona, 723 F.2d 4 , 6 (3d Cir.), cert. denied, 467 U.S. 1204 , 104 S.Ct. 2386 , 81 L.Ed.2d 344 (1983); Borden’s, 724 F.2d at 1394.
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Diamantopulos v. Brookside Corp.
See, e.g., EEOC v. City of Altoona, 723 F.2d 4 , 7 (3d Cir.1983), cert. denied, 467 U.S. 1204 , 104 S.Ct. 2386 , 81 L.Ed.2d 344 (1984) (economic factors cannot be used to justify involuntary retirements); Orzel v. City of Wauwatosa Fire Dept., 697 F.2d 743, 755 (7th Cir.), cert. denied, 464 U.S. 992 , 104 S.Ct. 484 , 78 L.Ed.2d 680 (1983) (cost factors do not justify mandatory retirement age); Hahn v. City of Buffalo, 596 F.Supp. 939, 953 (W.D.N.Y.1984), *329 aff'd, 770 F.2d 12 (2d Cir.1985) (hiring based on projected longevity of employment to obtain cost effective work force does not justify…
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Milan Schultz v. Fred Baumgart, Chief, Waukesha Fire Department
(2×)
See also Loudermill v. Cleveland Board of Education, 721 F.2d 550, 562 (6th Cir.1983) (“abbreviated opportunity to respond” before termination), ce rt. granted, — U.S. -, 104 S.Ct. 2384 , 81 L.Ed.2d 343 (1984); Detweiler v. Commonwealth of Virginia Department of Rehabilitative Services, 705 F.2d 557, 560 (4th Cir.1983) (prior notice and opportu *236 nity to discuss charges); Bueno v. City of Donna, 714 F.2d 484, 493 (5th Cir.1983) (notice and effective opportunity to rebut charges); Miller v. City of Mission, 705 F.2d 368, 372 (10th Cir.1983) (notice and opportunity for pretermination he…
Retrieving the full opinion text from the archive…
Brandon
v.
Holt, Director of Police for the City of Memphis
v.
Holt, Director of Police for the City of Memphis
No. 83-1622.
Supreme Court of the United States.
May 21, 1984.
Published
Citer courts: Third Circuit (2) · D. Ohio (1)
C. A. 6th Cir. Certiorari granted.