green
Positive treatment
Quoted verbatim 2×
11.7 score
G Cite
cited 2× by 1 distinct case, last quoted 1990 ·
…the statutory approach to the problem of haz ardous waste is inconsistent with the delay that would accompany pre-enforcement re-view_ e find in an implicit disapproval of pre-enforcement judicial review.
⚠ not in text
cited 2× by 1 distinct case, last quoted 1990 ·
…the statutory approach to the problem of hazardous waste is inconsistent with the delay that would accompany pre-enforcement review.... e find in an implicit disapproval of pre-enforcement judicial review.
⚠ not in text
Treatment trajectory · 1986 → 2026 · click a year to view as-of
1986
2006
2026
Top citers, strongest first. 43 distinct citers.
How cited ↗
discussed
Cited "but see"
Carter v. Buscher
(2×)
But see Gilmere v. City of Atlanta, 774 F.2d 1495 (11th Cir.1985) (en banc), cert. denied, 476 U.S. 1115 , 1124, 106 S.Ct. 1970 , 1993, 90 L.Ed.2d 654 (1986) (when an officer improperly beat the suspect-decedent, the officer's improper use of power created the need to use deadly force when the suspect retaliated, and the officer could be held liable for shooting the suspect in spite of the officer's legitimate fear at the time of the shooting)
discussed
Cited "but see"
Carter v. Buscher
(2×)
But see Gilmere v. City of Atlanta, 774 F.2d 1495 (11th Cir.1985) (en banc), cert. denied, 476 U.S. 1115 , 1124, 106 S.Ct. 1970 , 1993, 90 L.Ed.2d 654 (1986) (when an officer improperly beat the suspect-decedent, the officer’s improper use of power created the need to use deadly force when the suspect retaliated, and the officer could be held liable for shooting the suspect in spite of the officer's legitimate fear at the time of the shooting).
examined
Cited as authority (quoted)
David Schalk and Ronald T. Smith v. William K. Reilly, Administrator, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Sarah E. Frey and People Against the Incinerator (Pati), an Unincorporated Association v. William K. Reilly, in His Official Capacity as Administrator of the United States Environmental Protection Agency
(2×)
the statutory approach to the problem of hazardous waste is inconsistent with the delay that would accompany pre-enforcement review.... e find in an implicit disapproval of pre-enforcement judicial review.
examined
Cited as authority (quoted)
Schalk v. Reilly
(2×)
the statutory approach to the problem of haz ardous waste is inconsistent with the delay that would accompany pre-enforcement re-view_ e find in an implicit disapproval of pre-enforcement judicial review.
discussed
Cited "see"
Missildine v. City of Montgomery
(2×)
See Gilmere v. City of Atlanta, 737 F.2d 894 , 898 n. 8 (11th Cir.1984), cert. denied, 476 U.S. 1115 , 106 S.Ct. 1970 , 90 L.Ed.2d 654 (1986); Hess v. Eddy, 689 F.2d 977 (11th Cir.1982), cert. denied, 462 U.S. 1118 , 103 S.Ct. 3085 , 77 L.Ed.2d 1347 (1983).
discussed
Cited "see"
Hegarty v. Somerset County
(2×)
See United States v. Veillette, 778 F.2d 899, 902 (1st Cir.1985) (exigency is assessed by viewing “totality” of circumstances), cert. denied, 476 U.S. 1115 , 106 S.Ct. 1970 , 90 L.Ed.2d 654 (1986).
discussed
Cited "see"
Tom v. Voida
(2×)
Appellant's Br. at 36-38; see Gilmere v. City of Atlanta, Georgia, 774 F.2d 1495, 1501-1502 (11th Cir.1985) (when officer improperly beat the suspect-decedent and this improper use of official power created need for use of deadly force, officer could be held liable for shooting even if officer had "a moment of legitimate fear"), cert. denied, 476 U.S. 1115 , 106 S.Ct. 1970 , 90 L.Ed.2d 654 , 476 U.S. 1124 , 106 S.Ct. 1993 , 90 L.Ed.2d 673 (1986).
discussed
Cited "see"
Tom v. Voida
(2×)
Appellant’s Br. at 36-38; see Gilmere v. City of Atlanta, Georgia, 774 F.2d 1495, 1501-1502 (11th Cir.1985) (when officer improperly beat the suspect-decedent and this improper use of official power created need for use of deadly force, officer could be held liable for shooting even if officer had “a moment of legitimate fear”), cert. denied, 476 U.S. 1115 , 106 S.Ct. 1970 , 90 L.Ed.2d 654 , 476 U.S. 1124 , 106 S.Ct. 1993 , 90 L.Ed.2d 673 (1986).
discussed
Cited "see"
Cox v. County of Suffolk
(2×)
Robison, 821 F.2d at 924-25 ; see Gilmere v. City of Atlanta, Ga., 774 F.2d 1495, 1500 (11th Cir.1985) (en banc), cert. denied, 476 U.S. 1115 , 106 S.Ct. 1970 , 90 L.Ed.2d 654 (1986); Massop v. Coughlin, 770 F.2d 299, 301 (2d Cir.1985).
discussed
Cited "see"
Wright v. Sheppard
(2×)
See Gilmere v. City of Atlanta, 774 F.2d 1495, 1504 (11th Cir.1985) (en banc), cert. denied, 476 U.S. 1115 , 106 S.Ct. 1970 , 90 L.Ed.2d 654 (1986).
discussed
Cited "see"
Wright v. Sheppard
(2×)
See Gilmere v. City of Atlanta, 774 F.2d 1495, 1504 (11th Cir.1985) (en banc), cert. denied, 476 U.S. 1115 , 106 S.Ct. 1970 , 90 L.Ed.2d 654 (1986). 39 Sheriff Sheppard testified, and the district court accepted, that he had heard of some situations in which officers "assisted business persons" in order to prevent civil actions from taking place, for the purpose of keeping the peace and saving the taxpayers' money.
discussed
Cited "see"
State v. Storer
(2×)
See United States v. Veillette, 778 F.2d 899, 903-04 (1st Cir.1985), cert. denied, 476 U.S. 1115 , 106 S.Ct. 1970 , 90 L.Ed.2d 654 (1986).
discussed
Cited "see"
Gutierrez v. City of Hialeah
(2×)
See Gilmere v. City of Atlanta, Ga., 774 F.2d 1495 (11th Cir.1985), cert. denied, 476 U.S. 1115 , 106 S.Ct. 1970 , 90 L.Ed.2d 654 , 476 U.S. 1124 , 106 S.Ct. 1993 , 90 L.Ed.2d 673 (1986) (holding that supervisors were not liable for the shooting death of suspect where Plaintiff failed to establish that supervisors actually exercised control over the officer in connection with the shooting); Young v. City of Killeen, Tex., 775 F.2d 1349 (5th Cir.), reh’g denied, 778 F.2d 790 (1985) (holding that a police chief was not liable for an officer’s fatal shooting of a drug suspect due to the lack …
discussed
Cited "see"
United States v. M. Genzale Plating, Inc.
(2×)
See Lone Pine Steering Committee v. EPA, 777 F.2d 882 , 886-87 (3d Cir.1985), cert. denied, 476 U.S. 1115 , 106 S.Ct. 1970 , 90 L.Ed.2d 654 (1986); J.
examined
Cited "see"
George Washington O'neal, Jr., Cross-Appellees v. Dekalb County, Georgia, Cross-Appellants
(4×)
See Gilmere v. City of Atlanta, 774 F.2d 1495, 1499 (11th Cir.1985) (en banc) (analyzing claim of excessive force under both substantive due process and fourth amendment), cert. denied, 476 U.S. 1115 , 106 S.Ct. 1970 , 90 L.Ed.2d 654 (1986).
discussed
Cited "see"
James L. Dickerson, Lareeta H. Dickerson and Amtreco, Inc., Plaintiffs v. Administrator, Environmental Protection Agency, United States of America v. James L. Dickerson, Lareeta H. Dickerson and Amtreco, Inc., Defendants
(2×)
See Lone Pine Steering Comm. v. EPA, 777 F.2d 882 , 886 (3d Cir.1985), cert. denied, 476 U.S. 1115 , 106 S.Ct. 1970 , 90 L.Ed.2d 654 (1986).
discussed
Cited "see"
Dickerson v. Administrator, Environmental Protection Agency
(2×)
See Lone Pine Steering Comm. v. EPA, 777 F.2d 882, 886 (3d Cir.1985), cert. denied, 476 U.S. 1115 , 106 S.Ct. 1970 , 90 L.Ed.2d 654 (1986).
discussed
Cited "see"
Betty J. Archie, as Special Administrator of the Estate of Rena M. Delacy, Deceased v. City of Racine, Ronald W. Chiapete, and George W. Giese
(2×)
See Wolf-Lillie v. Sonquist, 699 F.2d 864, 871-72 (7th Cir.1983); accord Gilmere v. City of Atlanta, 774 F.2d 1495, 1499-1502 (11th Cir.1985) (en banc), certiorari denied, — U.S. -, 106 S.Ct. 1970 , 90 L.Ed.2d 654 and — U.S. -, 106 S.Ct. 1993 , 90 L.Ed.2d 673 ; cf. Daniels, 106 S.Ct. at 665 (essence of substantive due process claim is that state action should not have been taken no matter the procedures employed). 7 .
discussed
Cited "see"
Vernon Trujillo v. Ronald Goodman
(2×)
See generally Gilmere v. City of Atlanta, 774 F.2d 1495 (11th Cir.1985), ce rt. denied, — U.S. -, 106 S.Ct. 1970 , 90 L.Ed.2d 654 (1986); Barnier v. Szentmiklosi, 565 F.Supp. 869 (E.D.Mich.1983); Schiller v. Strangis, 540 F.Supp. 605 (D.Mass.1982).
discussed
Cited "see"
United States v. Veillette
(2×)
See — U.S.-, 106 S.Ct. 1970 , 90 L.Ed.2d 654 (1986).
discussed
Cited "see"
Mcrorie v. Shimoda
(2×)
See Gilmere v. City of Atlanta, 774 F.2d 1495, 1499 (11th Cir.1985) (en banc), cert. denied, --- U.S. ----, 106 S.Ct. 1970 , 90 L.Ed.2d 654 (1986), and --- U.S. ----, 106 S.Ct. 1993 , 90 L.Ed.2d 673 (1986).
discussed
Cited "see"
McRorie v. Shimoda
(2×)
See Gilmere v. City of Atlanta, 774 F.2d 1495, 1499 (11th Cir.1985) (en banc), cert. denied, — U.S. —, 106 S.Ct. 1970 , 90 L.Ed.2d 654 (1986), and — U.S. —, 106 S.Ct. 1993 , 90 L.Ed.2d 673 (1986).
discussed
Cited "see"
Sanders v. Kennedy
(2×)
See Gilmere v. City of Atlanta, 774 F.2d 1495 (11th Cir.1985) (en banc), cert. denied, --- U.S. ----, ---, 106 S.Ct. 1970 , 1993, 90 L.Ed.2d 654 (1986); Augustine v. Doe, 740 F.2d 322, 326 (5th Cir.1984); Wolf-Lillie v. Sonquist, 699 F.2d 864, 872 (7th Cir.1983) 6 A local government entity may be sued under Sec. 1983 where the alleged constitutional tort was inflicted in execution of an official policy adopted by the responsible policy-making officers of that entity.
discussed
Cited "see"
Sanders v. Kennedy
(2×)
See Gilmere v. City of Atlanta, 774 F.2d 1495 (11th Cir.1985) (en banc), cert. denied, — U.S. —, —, 106 S.Ct. 1970 , 1993, 90 L.Ed.2d 654 (1986); Augustine v. Doe, 740 F.2d 322, 326 (5th Cir.1984); Wolf-Lillie v. Sonquist, 699 F.2d 864, 872 (7th Cir.1983). .
discussed
Cited "see"
Pacific Resins and Chemicals Inc. v. United States
(2×)
See, Lone Pine Steering Committee v. United States Environmental Protection Agency, 777 F.2d 882 (3d Cir.1985), ce rt. denied, — U.S.-, 106 S.Ct. 1970 , 90 L.Ed.2d 654 (1986).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Albritten v. Dougherty County, Ga.
(2×)
See also Gilmere v. City of Atlanta, 774 F.2d 1495, 1501 (11th Cir.1985), cert. denied, 476 U.S. 1115 , 106 S.Ct. 1970 , 90 L.Ed.2d 654 (1986) (officers liable if a .beating occurs “with little or no provocation” and “the blows were not delivered in good faith effort to control ..., but rather out of irritation”); Sweatt, supra, 876 F.Supp. at 1577 (“malicious and summarily punitive infliction of harm transgressed clear constitutional bounds — indeed, bounds so broadly recognized and accepted as to have been incorporated into most of the primary constitutional provisions constraini…
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
United States v. Santiago
(2×)
See also United States v. Veillette, 778 F.2d 899, 904 (1st Cir.1985) (explaining that a court must set aside the misstatements and analyze whether the remainder of the affidavit supports a finding of probable cause), cert. denied, 476 U.S. 1115 , 106 S.Ct. 1970 , 90 L.Ed.2d 654 (1986).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Estate of Saldana ex rel. Saldana v. Weitzel
(2×)
Compare Gilmere v. City of Atlanta, 774 F.2d 1495 (11th Cir.1985) cert. denied 476 U.S. 1115 , 106 S.Ct. 1970 , 90 L.Ed.2d 654 (1986).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Mike Yang v. Paul Hardin
(2×)
See, e.g., Gilmere v. City of Atlanta, 774 F.2d 1495,1500-02 (11th Cir.1985) (police liable under § 1983 on substantive due process theory for using excessive police force against decedent), cert. denied, 476 U.S. 1115 , 106 S.Ct. 1970 , 90 L.Ed.2d 654 (1986); Mathis v. Parks, 741 F.Supp. 567, 570 (E.D.N.C.1990) (Fourth Amendment seizure occurs when government actors restrain *285 liberty of citizen by means of physical force or show of authority).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
McKinney v. Pate
(2×)
See, e.g., Gilmere v. City of Atlanta, 774 F.2d 1495 , 1511 n. 21 (11th Cir.1985) (en banc) (Tjoflat, J., concurring in part and dissenting in part), cert. denied, 476 U.S. 1115 , 106 S.Ct. 1970 , 90 L.Ed.2d 654 (1986). 1068 In Rochin, a convicted defendant claimed that his right to a fair trial was violated because improperly seized evidence-evidence seized in a fashion that would "shock the ccinscience"-was admitted at trial against him.
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Mckinney v. Pate
(2×)
See, e.g., Gilmere v. City of Atlanta, 774 F.2d 1495 , 1511 n. 21 (11th Cir.1985) (en banc) (Tjoflat, J., concurring in part and dissenting in part), cert. denied, 476 U.S. 1115 , 106 S.Ct. 1970 , 90 L.Ed.2d 654 (1986) In Rochin, a convicted defendant claimed that his right to a fair trial was violated because improperly seized evidence--evidence seized in a fashion that would "shock the conscience"--was admitted at trial against him.
examined
Cited "see, e.g."
United States v. Ralph H. Carty
(4×)
See Franks, 438 U.S. at 156 , 98 S.Ct. at 2676 ; see also United States v. Veillette, 778 F.2d 899, 904 (1st Cir.1985), cert. denied, 476 U.S. 1115 , 106 S.Ct. 1970 , 90 L.Ed.2d 654 (1986) (search warrant valid where supporting affidavit established probable cause independently of false statement). .
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Barmet Aluminum Corporation v. Reilly
(2×)
Compare Aminoil, Inc. v. EPA, 599 F.Supp. 69, 72 (C.D.Cal.1984) (finding subject matter jurisdiction) and SCA Serv. of Indiana, Inc. v. Thomas, 634 F.Supp. 1355, 1359 (N.D.Ind.1986) with Lone Pine Steering Comm. v. EPA, 600 F.Supp. 1487 (D.N.J.1985) (holding that there was no subject matter jurisdiction), aff'd, 777 F.2d 882 (3d Cir.1985), cert. denied, 476 U.S. 1115 , 106 S.Ct. 1970 , 90 L.Ed.2d 654 (1986). 21 Our circuit, in J.V.
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Barmet Aluminum Corp. v. Reilly
(2×)
Compare Aminoil, Inc. v. EPA, 599 F.Supp. 69, 72 (C.D.Cal.1984) (finding subject matter jurisdiction) and SCA Serv. of Indiana, Inc. v. Thomas, 634 F.Supp. 1355, 1359 (N.D.Ind.1986) with Lone Pine Steering Comm. v. EPA, 600 F.Supp. 1487 (D.N.J.1985) (holding that there was no subject matter jurisdiction), aff 'd, 777 F.2d 882 (3d Cir.1985), cert. denied, 476 U.S. 1115 , 106 S.Ct. 1970 , 90 L.Ed.2d 654 (1986).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Barmet Aluminum Corp. v. Thomas
(2×)
Compare, e.g., Lone Pine Steering Comm. v. EPA, 600 F.Supp. 1487 (D.N.J.1985) (holding that such challenges were barred), aff'd, 777 F.2d 882 (3d Cir.1985), cert. denied, 476 U.S. 1115 , 106 S.Ct. 1970 , 90 L.Ed.2d 654 (1986), with SCA Services of Indiana v. Thomas, 634 F.Supp. 1355 (N.D.Ind.1986) (holding that some challenges could be allowed).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Prieto v. Metropolitan Dade County
(2×)
Monell, 436 U.S. at 694 , 98 S.Ct. at 2037; see also Gilmere v. City of Atlanta, 774 F.2d 1495, 1503-04 (11th Cir.1985) (en banc), cert. denied, 476 U.S. 1115 , 106 S.Ct. 1970 , 1993, 90 L.Ed.2d 654 (1986).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Prieto v. Metropolitan Dade County
(2×)
Monell, 436 U.S. at 694 , 98 S.Ct. at 2037; see also Gilmere v. City of Atlanta, 774 F.2d 1495, 1503-04 (11th Cir.1985) (en banc), cert. denied, 476 U.S. 1115 , 106 S.Ct. 1970 , 1993, 90 L.Ed.2d 654 (1986).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Dorna F. Kerr v. City of West Palm Beach
(2×)
See, e.g., Gilmere v. City of Atlanta, 774 F.2d 1495, 1503-04 (11th Cir.1985) (en banc), cert. denied, 476 *1556 U.S. 1115, 106 S.Ct. 1970 , 90 L.Ed.2d 654 (1986).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Smith v. City of Fontana
(2×)
See Garner, 471 U.S. at 9 , 105 S.Ct. at 1700 (use of deadly force to prevent escape constitutes an unreasonable seizure unless the officer has probable cause to believe that the suspect poses a threat of serious harm to the officer or others); Robins, 773 F.2d at 1008-10 (allegation that police used excessive force while transporting plaintiffs to police station after arrest states a section 1983 claim for a Fourth Amendment violation); MacDonald v. Musick, 425 F.2d 373, 377 (9th Cir.) (defendant asserting that his arrest was unlawful, that he had a right to resist, and that he sustained inju…
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Floyd Fetner v. The City of Roanoke, a Municipal Corporation Henry v. Bonner, Etc.
(2×)
See, e.g., Patsy v. Board of Regents, 457 U.S. 496, 503 , 102 S.Ct. 2557, 2561 , 73 L.Ed.2d 172 (1982); Steffel v. Thompson, 415 U.S. 452, 472-73 , 94 S.Ct. 1209, 1222-23 , 39 L.Ed.2d 505 (1974); Gibson v. Berryhill, 411 U.S. 564, 574 , 93 S.Ct. 1689, 1695 , 36 L.Ed.2d 488 (1973); McNeese v. Board of Education, 373 U.S. 668, 671-73 , 83 S.Ct. 1433, 1435-36 , 10 L.Ed.2d 622 (1963); see also Gilmere v. City of Atlanta, 774 F.2d 1495, 1499 (11th Cir.1985) (en banc), cert. denied, — U.S. -, 106 S.Ct. 1970 , 90 L.Ed.2d 654 (1986). 6 The district court also can be understood to have held that Fetn…
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Smith v. City of Fontana
(2×)
See Garner, 471 U.S. at 9 , 105 S.Ct. at 1700 (use of deadly force to prevent escape constitutes an unreasonable seizure unless the officer has probable cause to believe that the suspect poses a threat of serious harm to the officer or others); Robins, 773 F.2d at 1008-10 (allegation that police used excessive force while transporting plaintiffs to police station after arrest states a section 1983 claim for a Fourth Amendment violation); MacDonald v. Musick, 425 F.2d 373, 377 (9th Cir.) (defendant asserting that his arrest was unlawful, that he had a right to resist, and that he sustained inju…
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
United States v. Caiazzo
(2×)
United States v. White, 766 F.2d 22, 25-26 (1st Cir.1985) (similar facts); see also United States v. Veillette, 778 F.2d 899, 903 (1st Cir.1985), cert. denied, - U.S. -, 106 S.Ct. 1970 , 90 L.Ed.2d 654 (1986) (warrant to search business premises found to be supported by probable cause where officer’s observations of a truck at the premises were consistent with belief that contraband was located at premises after truck was searched and discovered to contain contraband).
discussed
Cited "see, e.g."
Weeks v. Benton
(2×)
See, e.g., Tuttle v. Oklahoma City, 728 F.2d 456 , 460 (10th Cir.1984) (municipality could be held liable where inadequate training, supervision, and disciplining of police officers amounted to gross negligence and deliberate indifference to the constitutional rights of the decedent), rev’d on other grounds, 471 U.S. 808 , 105 S.Ct. 2427 , 85 L.Ed.2d 791 (1985); Owens v. Haas, 601 F.2d 1242, 1246 (2d Cir.), (county could be held liable if the failure to supervise or the lack of a proper training program was so severe as to reach the level of gross negligence or deliberate indifference to the…
Retrieving the full opinion text from the archive…
Gilmere, Individually and as Administratrix of the Estate of Patillo
v.
City of Atlanta
v.
City of Atlanta
No. 85-1335.
Supreme Court of the United States.
May 19, 1986.
Cited by 1 opinion | Published
Citer courts: Seventh Circuit (4)
C. A. 11th Cir. Certiorari denied.